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    Metallography Heat Treatment: MW-343 For D.A.E Metallurgy and Welding Third Year

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    M.Khaliq u zaman 151
    This document outlines the course contents for a class on metallography and heat treatment. It covers topics such as specimen preparation for metallographic examination, the study of metal structures and crystal structures, phase diagrams, heat treatment operations, and heat treatment of alloys and cast iron. The goal of metallography is to study the microstructure and macrostructure of metals and alloys using microscopy techniques in order to understand how thermal and mechanical treatments affect properties. Understanding microstructure is important for determining characteristics like grain size and hardness.

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    Metallography Heat Treatment: MW-343 For D.A.E Metallurgy and Welding Third Year

    Uploaded by

    M.Khaliq u zaman 151
    122 views7 pages
    This document outlines the course contents for a class on metallography and heat treatment. It covers topics such as specimen preparation for metallographic examination, the study of metal structures and crystal structures, phase diagrams, heat treatment operations, and heat treatment of alloys and cast iron. The goal of metallography is to study the microstructure and macrostructure of metals and alloys using microscopy techniques in order to understand how thermal and mechanical treatments affect properties. Understanding microstructure is important for determining characteristics like grain size and hardness.

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    This document outlines the course contents for a class on metallography and heat treatment. It covers topics such as specimen preparation for metallographic examination, the study of metal structures and crystal structures, phase diagrams, heat treatment operations, and heat treatment of alloys and cast iron. The goal of metallography is to study the microstructure and macrostructure of metals and alloys using microscopy techniques in order to understand how thermal and mechanical treatments affect properties. Understanding microstructure is important for determining characteristics like grain size and hardness.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    122 views7 pages

    Metallography Heat Treatment: MW-343 For D.A.E Metallurgy and Welding Third Year

    Uploaded by

    M.Khaliq u zaman 151
    This document outlines the course contents for a class on metallography and heat treatment. It covers topics such as specimen preparation for metallographic examination, the study of metal structures and crystal structures, phase diagrams, heat treatment operations, and heat treatment of alloys and cast iron. The goal of metallography is to study the microstructure and macrostructure of metals and alloys using microscopy techniques in order to understand how thermal and mechanical treatments affect properties. Understanding microstructure is important for determining characteristics like grain size and hardness.

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    Metallography

    And

    Heat treatment
    MW-343
    For D.A.E metallurgy and welding third year

    Written by:
    Muhammad Adrees
    MW-343 METALLOGRAPHY AND HEAT TREATMENT
    Total contact hours: T P C
    Theory: 64 Hours 2 3 3
    Practical: 96 Hours

    COURSE CONTENTS:

    1. INTRODUCTION TO MICRO EXAMINATION OF THE METALS. 2HRS


    1.1 Metallography
    1.2 Microstructure and Macrostructure
    1.3 Study of microstructure
    1.4 Define grain and grain boundary
    1.5 Application of Metallography

    2. SPECIMEN PREPARATION FOR METALLOGRAPHIC EXAMINATON. 8HRS


    2.1 Sampling.
    2.2 Rough grinding
    2.3 Mounting.
    2.3.1 Mounting Press
    2.3.2 Mounting processes (compression Mounting, Cold mounting).
    2.4 Fine grinding/Intermediate polishing
    2.5 Fine polishing
    2.5.1 Mechanical Polishing.
    2.5.2 Electrolytic Polishing
    2.5.3 Chemical polishing
    2.6 Etching
    2.6.1 Function of etching reagents.
    2.6.2 Etching reagents for micro examination (Steel, Cast iron, Copper, Aluminium)

    3. METALLURGICAL MICROSCOPE. 2HRS


    3.1 Construction of metallurgical Microscope
    3.2 Operation and working Principle of microscope.
    3.3 Magnification system
    3.4 Steps to set the microscope.

    4. METAL STRUCTURES AND CRYSTALIZATIONS. 6HRS


    4.1 Define crystal, unit cell and space lattice
    4.2 Define crystal structure
    4.3 Classification of crystal structure
    4.3.1 Body centred cubic (BCC)
    4.3.2 Face centred cubic (FCC)
    4.3.3 Close packed hexagonal (CPH)
    4.4 Solid solution
    4.4.1 Types of solid solution
    5. CONSTITUTIONAL/PHASE DIAGRAMS 10HRS
    5.1 Define phase
    5.2 Classification of phases
    5.3 Cooling curves (pure metal and alloys)
    5.4 Define phase diagram
    5.5 Importance of phase diagram
    5.6 Variables of phase diagram
    5.7 Method of data determination for phase diagram
    5.8 Phase diagram type-I (Two metals completely soluble in liquid and solid state)
    5.9 Phase diagram type-II (Two metals completely soluble in liquid but insoluble in solid
    state)

    6. ALLOTROPY OF IRON. 2HRS


    6.1 Define allotropy
    6.2 Define Polymorphism
    6.3 Allotropy of iron/cooling curve of pure iron

    7. IRON-IRON CARBIDE EQUILIBRIUM DIAGRAM. 10HRS


    7.1 Construction and labelling of iron carbon diagram.
    7.2 Study of diagram.
    7.3 Definition of structures.
    7.4 Transformation of hypo and hyper eutectoid steel
    7.5 Transformation of hypo and hyper eutectic cast iron

    8. HEAT TREATMENT FURNACES. 4HRS


    8.1 Furnace requirements
    8.2 Types of heat treatment furnaces
    8.2.1 Hardening furnaces.
    8.2.2 Annealing furnaces.
    8.2.3 Bath furnaces.

    9. HEAT TREATING EQUIPMENT. 2HRS


    9.1 Temperature measuring instruments.
    9.2 Thermo meter and Pyrometer
    9.3 Types of pyrometer
    9.3.1 Optical pyrometers.
    9.3.2 Thermo electric pyrometer.
    9.3.3 Radiation pyrometers
    10. HEAT TREATING OPERATIONS. 4HRS
    10.1 Annealing.
    10.2 Spheroidizing
    10.3 Normalizing.
    10.4 Hardening.
    10.5 Tempering.

    11. CASE HARDENING/SURFACE HEAT TREATMENT. 6HRS


    11.1 Define case hardening.
    11.2 Methods of case hardening
    11.2.1 Carburizing
    11.2.2 Nitriding.
    11.2.3 Cyaniding/Carbo-Nitriding.
    11.2.4 Flame hardening
    11.2.5 Induction hardening

    12. HEAT-TREATMENT OF ALLOY STEELS. 2HRS


    12.1 Heat treatment of stainless steel.
    12.2 Heat treatment of tool steels.
    12.3 Heat treatment of high seeped steel.
    12.4 Heat treatment of spring steel.

    13. HEAT TREATMENT OF NONFERROUS. 2HRS


    13.1 Methods of hardening
    13.2 Cold working
    13.3 Age hardening
    13.3.1 Solution Treatment
    13.3.2 Aging

    14. HEAT TREATMENT OF CAST IRON. 2HRS


    14.1 Heat treatment of Grey cast iron.
    14.3 Heat treatment of White Cast iron to produce malleable cast iron
    Chapter no: 1
    Introduction to micro examination of metals_____________
     Metallography
     Microstructure and Macrostructure
     Study of Microstructure
     Define Grain and Grain boundary
     Application of Metallography
    ………………………………………………………………………...
    Metallography:
    Metallography is the branch of science which deals with the study of
    structure and constitution of solid metals and alloys .Revealed by naked
    eye or by such a tool of low power magnification, by optical microscope or
    electron microscope etc.
    By this technique it is possible to determine the grains size,
    shape and distribution of various phases and inclusions which have great
    effect on the mechanical properties of metals.
    Macro structure:
    The structure of metals as revealed by examination of the etched surface of
    polished specimen at a magnification not exceeding 10 diameter by naked
    eye or by such a tool of low power magnification.
    Micro structure:
    The structure of polished and etched specimen as revealed by
    metallurgical microscope at a magnification greater than 10 diameters
    (by optical microscope)
    Study of micro structure:
    The study of microstructure will provide the information about
    mechanical and thermal treatment of metals and alloys. For example: the
    rounded and small grains indicate soft and annealed metals whereas,
    elongated grains are associated with hard, cold rolled metal. Similarly small
    grains have low tensile strength but have large shock resistance and
    elongated grains have hardness (brittleness).
    The microscope is the most important tool for the metallurgist.
    It is possible to determine grain size, shape and distribution of various
    phases and inclusions which have a great effect on the mechanical
    properties of metals and alloys.
    Experiences have indicated that, success in microscopic
    study depends largely upon the care taken in preparation of the specimen.
    The most expensive microscope will not reveal the structure of a specimen
    that has been poorly prepared. The ultimate objective is to produce a flat,
    scratch free, mirror like surface.
    Grain:
    A grain is a layer structure built by solidification of molten metal and
    by uniting of crystals.
    Grain boundary:
    The grain boundary is a layer only a few atoms thick which
    constitutes the zone of contact between adjacent grains having different
    space lattice structure.
    Application of Metallography:
     Coating thickness measurement
     Weld or braze joint evaluation
     Case hardening depth determination
     Corrosion resistance evaluation
     Failure analysis
     Quality control
     Micro indentation Hardness testing
     Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

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