333

TRIADS
with Mnemonics
for medical students
by
Dr Naveen Koval
1
Be the light…..and keep on shining…
So that those around us would see their goals clearly..
So that those following us would overcome
the obstacles that we stumbled upon………
Life is a beautiful journey ….
It’s not a competition……
So let’s learn,share & help each other…

-Dr Naveen Koval

2
 It was one of my dreams to compile all triads together
with mnemonics and standard references &
I am happy that today I have completed it…
So this pdf contains all the triads that I have collected
over the past 13 years through various sources
(teachers,books,friends,lectures,students and internet ).

In this pdf I have included only those triads for which

I could find the standard references ,to make it authentic
and reliable..
During the process of making this I had gone through
hundreds of journals&books…
Sometimes for a single triad I had to go through
multiple references just to make sure that what I have
written is not a wrong piece of information..
So please make use of this book..
I am giving it for free because I would prefer to see
more students reading this & gaining knowledge…
I am sure your knowledge about different triads will
help you all to become better doctors….
All the best….

A pic from my notebook of triads&eponyms -Dr Naveen Koval

(written during my final year MBBS(2007-08))

3
Fact check:
MNEMONICS are NOT short cuts to overcome logical reasoning &
understanding of concepts like most of us think..
Mnemonics are organized & structured notes that help you learn faster,
retain longer & recall better..
Mnemonics are helping tools that make a subject easier and interesting…
So my advice to all my students is that never make a mnemonic
unless you understand the concept behind a particular topic….
So make mnemonics only if:
1.You are reading a non conceptual fact…
2.You have learnt the concept and want to recall it better during exams

4
About me:

I am Dr Naveen Koval.
A Paediatrician & a Guinness world record holder..
Just trying to make use of my creativity to help medical students
across the world learn better through my venture called Mediwood….
You may go through this link to know more about my artworks..
https://medium.com/@akhemuka/interview-with-dr-naveen-koval-a-doctor-using-art-to-inspire-change-190ecf02363c

5
6
1.ABDOMINAL INJURY 36.BECKWITH –WIEDEMANN SYNDROME
2.ACHALASIA CARDIA Click on the topic to 37.BEHCET DISEASE
3.ACRODERMATITIS ENTEROPATHICA read about that triad 38.BEZOLD TRIAD(OTOSCLEROSIS)
4.ACUTE ANTERIOR UVEITIS 39.BEZOLD JARISCH REFLEX
5.ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS 40.BILIARY ATRESIA
6.ACUTE GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE 41.BIOTIN DEFICIENCY
7.ACUTE HEMORRHAGIC EDEMA OF INFANCY 42.BIRT-HOGG-DUBE SYNDROME
8.ACUTE LIVER FAILURE 43.BLAST LUNG
9.AICARDI SYNDROME 44.BLAU SYNDROME
10.ALBINISM 45.BLOUNT’S DISEASE
11.ALKAPTONURIA 46.BORCHARDT’S TRIAD(VOLVULUS)
12.ALLGROVE SYNDROME 47.BOTULISM
13.ALPERS SYNDROME 48.BRADBURY-EGGLESTONE TRIAD
14.ALPORT SYNDROME 49.BRAIN ABSCESS
15.AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS 50.BRAINSTEM LESIONS
16.ANABOLIC STEROIDS 51.BRAIN TUMOR
17.ANAESTHESIA 52.BREAST LUMP(TRIPLE ASSESSMENT)
18.ANDERSEN TRIAD 53.BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
19.ANDERSEN TAWIL SYNDROME 54.BRUCELLOSIS
20.ANDERSON TRIAD 55.BUDD-CHIARI SYNDROME
21.ANTI-CARDIOLIPIN SYNDROME 56.BUERGER’S DISEASE
22.AORTIC STENOSIS 57.CAH
23.APPENDICITIS(MURPHY’S TRIAD) 58.CANAVAN DISEASE
24.APS1 59.CARCINOID SYNDROME
25.ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER 60.CARCINOMA CERVIX
26.ATOPIC TRIAD 61.CARNEY TRIAD
27.AUSTRIAN SYNDROME 62.CAROTID-CAVERNOUS FISTULA
28.AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER 63.CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME
29.AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA 64.CHARGE SYNDROME
30.B SYMPTOMS OF LYMPHOMA 65.CHARCOT TRIAD -CHOLANGITIS
31.BALLANTYNE SYNDROME 66.CHARCOT TRIAD-MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
32.BARTTER SYNDROME 67.CHOLEDOCHAL CYST
33.BATTEN’S DISEASE 68.CHRONIC MERCURY INTOXICATION
34.BECK’S TRIAD (CARDIAC TAMPONADE) 69.CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE-ECG
70.CHRONIC LEAD INTOXICATION 7
35.BECK’S COGNITIVE TRIAD
71.CHRONIC PANCREATITIS 106.FALLOPIAN TUBE CANCER
72.CHURG STRAUSS SYNDROME 107.FAMILIAL HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
73.CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA 108.FANCONI ANEMIA
74.CONGENITAL RUBELLA SYNDROME 109.FANCONI SYNDROME
75.CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS 110.TRIAD WITH FAR (FEVER/ARTHRITIS/RASH)
76.CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 111.FASCIOLIASIS
77.CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE 112.FAT EMBOLISM
78.CROHN DISEASE 113.FELTY SYNDROME
79.CURRARINO TRIAD 114.FEMALE ATHLETE TRIAD
80.CUSHING’S TRIAD 115.FOLLICULAR OCCLUSION TRIAD
81.CYSTIC FIBROSIS 116.FRIEDREICH ATAXIA
82.CYSTITIS 117.GALEZIA TRIAD
83.DANDY WALKER SYNDROME 118.GALL BLADDER GHOST TRIAD
84.DARK TRIAD 119.GALLSTONE ILEUS
85.DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER 120.GARDNER SYNDROME
86.DENYS DRASH SYNDROME 121.GARLAND TRIAD
87.DERMOPATHIA PIGMENTOSA RETICULARIS 122.GERD
88.DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS 123.GILROY-BEVAN TRIAD
89.DIABETIC MELLITUS 124.GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
90.DIALYSIS DEMENTIA SYNDROME 125.GLUTATHIONE SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY
91.DIEULAFOY’S TRIAD 126.GRADENIGO TRIAD
92.DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY 127.GRAVES DISEASE
93.DI-GEORGE SYNDROME 128.GYRATE ATROPHY
94.DRESS SYNDROME 129.HAIMOVICI TRIAD
95.DRESSLER SYNDROME 130.HAKIM TRIAD(NPH)
96.DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA 131.HAND-SCHULLER-CHRISTIAN DISEASE
97.DYSKINETIC CP 132.HEATSTROKE
98.EAGLE BARRETT SYNDROME 133.HEMOBILIA
99.ECTOPIC PREGNANCY 134.HEMOCHROMATOSIS
100.ENDOMETRIOSIS 135.HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
101.EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY 136.HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME
102.EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRIAD 137.HENOCH-SCHONLEIN PURPURA
103.EPIGLOTTITIS 138.HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
104.ERYTHROMELALGIA 139.HEPATOPULMONARY SYNDROME 8
105.ETHANOL INTOXICATION 140.HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS
141.HERMANSKY-PUDLAK SYNDROME 176.LOEYS-DIETZ SYNDROME
142.HEYDE SYNDROME 177.LOFGREN SYNDROME
143.HIDROTIC ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA 178.LOVER’S TRIAD
144.HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS 179.LOWE SYNDROME
145.HORNER SYNDROME 180.LUCIANI TRIAD
146.HUNTINGTON DISEASE 181.LYME NEUROBORRELIOSIS
147.HUMAN PRION DISEASE 182.MACDONALD TRIAD
148.HUTCHINSON TRIAD(CONGENITAL SYPHILIS) 183.MACLEOD SYNDROME
149.HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE 184.MALARIA
150.HYPEREKPLEXIA 185.MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION
151.HYPER IGE SYNDROME 186.MARCHIAFAVA -POSTPNEUMONIC TRIAD
152.HYPOCALCEMIC TETANY 187.MARFAN SYNDROME
153.HYPOHYDROTIC ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA 188.MARSHALL’S TRIAD
154.INFANTILE GAUCHER DISEASE 189.MARSHALL &KNUD-HANSEN TRIAD
155.INFANTILE GLAUCOMA 190.MCCUNE ALBRIGHT SYNDROME
156.INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS 191.MEASLES
157.INH INTOXICATION 192.MECKEL GRUBER SYNDROME
158.IPMN 193.MECKLER’S TRIAD
159.INTUSSUSCEPTION 194.MEIGS SYNDROME
160.JEAVONS SYNDROME 195.MELKERSSON ROSENTHAL SYNDROME
161.KASABACH-MERRITT SYNDROME 196.MELTZER TRIAD
162.KARTAGENERS SYNDROME 197.MEN SYNDROMES
163.KEARNS SAYRE SYNDROME 198.MENIERE’S DISEASE
164.KIMURA DISEASE 199.MENINGITIS
165.KLIPPEL-FEIL SYNDROME 200.MIDLINE BRAIN TUMORS
166.KLIPPEL-TRENAUNAY SYNDROME 201.MIKULICZ SYNDROME
167.KLINEFELTER SYNDROME 202.MIGRAINE
168.KLUVER-BUCY SYNDROME 203.MILK ALKALI SYNDROME
169.KWASHIORKOR 204.MILLER-FISHER SYNDROME
17O.LAMBERT- EATON SYNDROME 205.MITRAL STENOSIS
171.LARYNGEAL CLEFT 206.MULTIPLE MYELOMA
172.LCMV 207.MYCETOMA
173.LENNOX -GASTAUT SYNDROME 208.NAFLD
174.LERICHE SYNDROME 209..NEC
175.LIDDLE SYNDROME 210.NEONATAL HSV INFECTION 9
211.NEPHROBLASTOMA 246.PULMONARY EMBOLISM
212.NEPHROGENIC SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS 247.PULMONARY HEMOSIDEROSIS
213.NEPHROTIC SYNDROME 248.PULMONARY HYPERTENSION
214.NETHERTON-COMEL SYNDROME 249.PREECLAMPSIA
215.NEUROGENIC SHOCK 250.PRIMARY HYPERALDOSTERONISM
216.NEUROMYOTONIA 251.PRIMARY SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS
217.OCULAR TILT REACTION 252.PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN DEFICIENCY
218.0’DONOGHUE TRIAD(UNHAPPY TRIAD) 253.PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY
219.OPIOID OVERDOSE 254.PSOAS ABSCESS
220.OSLER’S DISEASE 255.PYELONEPHRITIS
221.OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA 256.QUINSY
223.ORBITAL CELLULITIS 257.RAMSAY-HUNT SYNDROME
224.P SERIES TRIADS 258.RAYNAUD PHENOMENON
225.PANCOAST TUMOR 259.REITER’S SYNDROME
226.PARAMEDIAN THALAMIC SYNDROME 260.RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
227.PARAPHARYNGEAL ABSCESS 261.RENAL VEIN THROMBOSIS
228.PARINAUD SYNDROME 262.RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA
229.PARKINSONISM 263.RETROPERITONEAL FIBROSIS
230.PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA 264.REYE SYNDROME
231.PEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT TRIANGLE 265.RICKETS
231.PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE 266.ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER
232PERICARDIAL EFFUSION-ECG 267.RUPTURED AORTIC ANEURYSM
233.PEUTZ-JEGHERS SYNDROME 268.RUPTURED BULBOUS URETHRA
234.PHEMISTER’S TRIAD 269.SAINT’S TRIAD
235.PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA 270.SAMTER’S TRIAD
236.PIERRE -ROBIN SEQUENCE 271.SCHMID’S TRIAD
237.PITUITARY STALK INTERRUPTION SYNDROME 272.SCHWARTZ-JAMPEL SYNDROME
238.PLUMMER-VINSON SYNDROME 273.SEPSIS TRIAD
239.PNEUMONIA 274.SEPTO-OPTIC DYSPLASIA
240.POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME 275.SEROTONIN SYNDROME
241.PORTAL HYPERTENSION 276.SEVERE MALNUTRION COMPLICATIONS
242.PORTAL TRIAD 277.SEZARY SYNDROME
243.POSTERIOR WALL MI-ECG 278.SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME
244.PULMONARY ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA 279.SHWACHMAN-DIAMOND SYNDROME
245.PULMONARY ASPIRATION POTENTIAL 280.SIM’S TRIAD 10
281.SJOGREN’S SYNDROME
316.WEIL’S SYNDROME
282.SJOGREN-LARSSON SYNDROME
317.WERNICKE ENCEPHALOPATHY
283.SKELETAL MUSCLE TRIAD
318.WEST SYNDROME
284.SPASMUS NUTANS
319.WHOOPING COUGH
285.SPINAL EPIDURAL ABSCESS
320.WILSON DISEASE-CLINICAL
286.STRONGYLOIDIASIS
321.WILSON DISEASE-DIAGNOSTIC
287.STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME
322.WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME
288.SUBMUCOSAL CLEFT PALATE
323.WHIPPLE DISEASE
289.SUSAC SYNDROME
324.WHIPPLE’S TRIAD
290.SURGICAL TRIAD
325.WPW SYNDROME
291.SYDENHAM CHOREA
326.WUNDERLICH SYNDROME(LENK’S TRIAD)
292.SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
327.X -LINKED LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME
293.TERRIBLE TRIAD OF ELBOW
328.YELLOW FEVER
294TESTICULAR TORSION
329..YELLOW NAIL SYNDROME
295.TETANIC TRIAD
330.YOUNG’S SYNDROME
296.THORACIC ACTINOMYCOSIS
331.ZINNER’S TRIAD
297.TILLAUX TRIAD
332.ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME
298.TRAUMA TRIAD OF DEATH
299.TRACHEOBRONCHIAL FOREIGN BODY
300.TRILOGY OF FALLOT
333.TRIAD OF SUCCESS
301.TRIPLE TEST(DOWN SYNDROME) (MOST IMPORTANT)
302.TRMA SYNDROME
303.TROTTER’S TRIAD
304.TROUSSEAU’S TRIAD
305.TUBERCULAR MENINGITIS
306.TUMOR LYSIS SYNDROME
307.UREA CYCLE DEFECTS
308.URETHRAL DIVERTICULUM
309.VIRCHOW’S TRIAD
310.VITAMIN B3 DEFICIENCY
311.VITSMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY
312.VOGT’S TRIAD(TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS)
313.VON HIPPEL LINDAU SYNDROME
314.WADDELL’S SYNDROME 11
315.WEGENER’S GRANULOMATOSIS
Motor vehicle collisions during which children are
restrained with inappropriately positioned seatbelts
riding above the pelvis can lead to the significant

Abdominal Injury P-53

triad of :
Remember ABC of ABDOMINAL INJURY
Abdominal wall contusion caused by the seatbelt
(the “seatbelt sign”)

Bowel injury

Chance fracture
(compression or flexion-distraction fracture of the lumbar spine).

12
 ACHALASIA
CARDIA:
Pathological triad of:

Incomplete LES relaxation,

Increased LES tone Page 757
Aperistalsis of the esophagus
Remember as:

ACHA-LES-I-A
LES-I=LES relaxation Incomplete
LES-I=LES tone Increased
A-Aperistalsis of esophagus
Ref:Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of disease 9th ed... 13
 Page 374

#ACRODERMATITIS ENTEROPATHICA
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441835/#:~:text=The%20classical%20triad%20of%20acrodermatitis,seborrheic%20dermatitis
%2C%20and%20glucagonoma%20syndrome.
14
 Acute anterior
Uveitis :
PAGE 25

Pain in eyes
Redness of eyes
Photophobia

Imagine red photo as a symbol of pain

15
Triad of

Acute
CHOLECYSTITIS:
P-2427

sudden onset of RUQ tenderness,fever, and leukocytosis

Remember as

Temperature Increased
TLC Increased
Tenderness Increased
16
Acute
Graft-Versus-Host Disease
(GVHD)
Triad of rash,abdominal cramping with diarrhea,hyperbilirubinemia.
Page 621

remember

G –H-D
Gastro—--abdominal cramps with diarrhea
Hepato----hyperbilirubinemia
Dermato----skin Rash
17
 The classic clinical triad of:

Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Infancy

(AHEI)
PAGE 537

Imagine purpura and oedema POPS out from skin

Pyrexia
Oedema
Purpuric skin lesions
18
Acute Liver Failure
Triad
•1. Jaundice 2. Coagulopathy 3. Encephalopathy

Remember as:

JAUND- ICE
Icterus Page 641

Coagulopathy
Encephalopathy
19
Aicardi syndrome

10th ed p 1555

20
Triad of
Albinism
Deafness (sensorineural)
Oculocutaneous albinism
Black locks Imagine correcting hypopigmented skin
of albinism using ADOBE photoshop

Decision Making in Pediatric Ophthalmology(page-128)

Book by Gerhard W. Cibis 21
 Alkaptonuria:

Triad of AL KAPTONURIA
KALA urine(Urine blackens on standing )
Arthritis(Ochronotic )
Pigmentation(Ochronotic)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3108520/#:~:text=Alkaptonuria%20is%20a%20rare%20inhe
rited,1%20in%201000000%20live%20births. 22
 P-859

#TRIPLE A SYNDROME
23
 Alpers
Syndrome
When you hear ALPERS think of Alps Page 99

Triad of Alpers disease:

liver failure (worsening with valproate)
psychomotor deterioration
intractable seizures
24
 T
R
I
A
D

Please note that the TRIAD of ALPORT syndrome can be remembered with the

Page 256
last 3 letters of JOR DAN(Deafness,AL,Nephritis)
25
 ALS
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Remember that ALS

A S H ffected tephen awking

The triad of:

Atrophic weakness (of hands and forearms)

Spasticity of the legs
Hyperreflexia (generalized)—
in the absence of sensory changes

A System of Orthopaedic Medicine - E-Book - Page 167 26

Anabolic Steroids:
A common triad consisting of striae,acne and gynecomastia

Now imagine a strong STAG that has taken

ANABOLIC STEROIDS to enhance his strength

STriae
Acne
Gynecomastia Page 618

27
TRIAD OF

ANAESTHESIA.

Note that anaesthesia makes you silent….

& SILENT means MAUN in Hindi……..

Muscle Relaxation Page 270

Analgesia
UNconsciousness 28
 Andersen triad :

Imagine Anderson teaching ABC to his son

Vitamin A deficiency
Bronchiectasis
Cystic fibrosis
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Andersen%27s+syndrome
29
Andersen-Tawil
syndrome P-3296

Remember ATP….AT=P
Periodic paralysis
Ventricular ectopy(sounds like ecto- P)
Characteristic Physical features
30
 Anderson Triad of
Esophageal
rupture
(likely intra-abdominal)

Imagine someone STABBING a person named Anderson and causing esophageal rupture

Subcutaneous emphysema
Tachypnea
Abdominal rigidity
Page 25

31
In women, the triad of : (Women)
multiple miscarriages (Miss)
Page 118
Livedo reticularis And Dementia (LADY)

suggests the Anticardiolipin syndrome (Aunty)

Just note that all the components are related to
terminologies related to women

32
 P-367

#AORTIC STENOSIS

33
APPENDICITIS
Murphy’s triad:

A BDOMINAL PAIN
(first symptom)
Page 931

P UKE(VOMITING)
(next)

P YREXIA(FEVER)
(last)

34
 APS- 1
Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome is also known by the acronym
APECED(Autoimmune PolyEndocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy syndrome)

Its also known as HAM syndrome

P-2920

H
2 out of 3 needed for diagnosis of APS-1

ypoparathyroidism
Just remember

Adrenal insufficiency
HUM & AAP
(HAM & AP s-1)

M
(HUM=WE & AAP=YOU in hindi)

ucocutaneous candidiasis
The 3 features are also known as Whitaker’s triad
35
ATTENTION DEFICIT
HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER

1.Attention deficit(Inattention)
2.Hyperactivity
3.Impulsiveness
(just remember impulsiveness ,the rest two is already in the name)

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20730306/
36
 Remember 3A
Atopic Dermatitis
Asthma
Page 109

Allergic Rhinitis
#ATOPIC
37
 Austrian
Syndrome
is a rare triad of :

Pneumonia(respiratory infection)
Meningitis(neurological infection)
Endocarditis(cardiac infection)
caused by Streptococcus pneumonia

Remember as :

AUSTRIAN PRINCE
Pneumococcal Respiratory Infection & Neurological & Cardiac Effects

Ref: Principles and Practice of Hospital Medicine, 2nd Edition - Page 1529
38
Autism
Spectrum
Disorder:
Page 8

Triad of :
impaired Social interactions

impaired Communication,
Restricted and/or Repetitive behaviors
Remember as :
AUTISM SCORE
39
 Triad of AIHA
(Autoimmune hemolytic anemia)

hemoglobin level may drop, within days, to as low as 4 g/dL

the massive red cell removal will produce jaundice; and P-718
sometimes the spleen is enlarged.
Remember as:

AIHAS
Hyperbilirubinemia(Jaundice)
Anemia
Splenomegaly
40
Triad Of

B Symptoms
.

in Lymphoma

‘ B ’ FUN
Fever
Unexplained Weight Loss
Night Sweats
https://radiopaedia.org/articles/b-symptoms 41
Ballantyne syndrome (BS)
also called mirror syndrome
is defined .by the presence of a clinical triad that includes:

The term mirror as the name implies is due to an

edema that is mirrored in both, the fetus and the mother

Fetal hydrops
Maternal edema FeMaLe

Large placenta
Imagine a

looking at a mirror

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/criog/2019/2013506/ 42
Bartter
syndrome:
Imagine that:

you go to a BAR & drink in a POT

& LOSE ALL TENSION
POT=LOW POTASSIUM(hypokalemia)
LOSE ALL TENSION represents
Metabolic ALKALOSIS & HYPOTENSION
(Also note that AlKaLOSis also represents K loss..

Triad of: Page 327

1. Metabolic Alkalosis 2. Hypokalemia
3. Normal or decrease blood pressure

43
 Batten’s disease
(Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis)

Imagine a RED BAT

Retinopathy
Epilepsy
Dementia
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04406.x 44
#BECK #CARDIAC TAMPONADE

45
Beck’s cognitive triad
(negative thought in depression)

To remember this let’s introduce a new terminology..

Let’s call SELFIE of BACK as NEGATIVE SELFIE

BACK=BECK triad
Page 88
And remember the words---”negative self-f-e”
Negative thought of self
Negative thought of uture f
Negative thought of environment
So in other words when someone is in depression he is just taking a negative selfie

46
Beckwith-
Wiedemann Page 309
syndrome

Triad of:

Macroglossia
Remember as
BIG & WIDE MAN….
Exomphalos Can be connected with the word

Gigantism MEGA

47
Behcet
Disease:
P-1326

Triad of:

3U Also note that PATHERGY test

U=Uveitis is done in BEHCET disease…
E=Eye manifestation(uveitis)
U=oral Ulcers(recurrent) R=Recurrent oral ulcers
G=Genital ulcers

U=genital Ulcers
48
Page 86 #BEZOLD #OTOSCLEROSIS
49
Bezold-Jarisch
Reflex:
Page 401

BradyCardia
Coronary artery Dilatation
Decreased BP B------C
C------D
D------B
50
The clinical triad of

BILIARY ATRESIA

HIDA Page 237

Note that

Hepatomegaly HIDA scan

Increased conjugated bilirubin
is used in the diagnosis
of Biliary atresia

(beyond 2 weeks of life)

Dark urine & Acholic (white) stools
51
BioTin Deficiency
Triad of Glossitis Alopecia Dermatitis

Bi Tin Deficiency
Baldness Tongue Dermatitis
(alopecia) Inflammation
(glossitis)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medical_triads,_tetrads,_and_pentads
52
 Birt-Hogg-Dubé
.

syndrome
This syndrome is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis
characterized by classic triad of :

discomas,
tricho

Fibrofolliculomas, and
acrochordon
Imagine a BIRD TRYING to play DISCO(trichoDISCOmas) music
in ACCORDION (ACROCHORDON like lesions)and
while doing so it FALLS(trichoFOLLiculomas)

Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology - Page 1808 53

 Blast Lung
It is the most common fatal primary blast injury among initial survivors.

It is characterized by the clinical triad of:

Bradycardia
Low BP(hypotension)
Apnea
Page 31

54
Early-onset Sarcoidosis
&

BLAU Syndrome P-1308

have a clinical triad of:

Arthritis The same features can also be

remembered as

Uveitis EARly…(EARLY ONSET SARCOIDOSIS)

E=Eye manifestation(uveitis)
A=Arthritis

Skin rash R=Rash

55
The triad of

Blount’s
disease:
Tibia vara
Internal tibial torsion Imagine a

with a
TIGER being hit
BLUNT force
Genu Recurvatum
(hyperextension)

Orthopedics Quick Review for NEET/DNB - Page 62

56
BORCHARDT’S
.
Seen in Gastric Volvulus

V omiting(unproductive)

A cute epigastric pain

N ot able to pass a NG tube

Remember the VOLVO ad with VAN DAMME
Or just imagine a VOLVO VAN

Page 629
57
classic triad of P-1547

Botulism
CAP &
Clear Sensorium, BOTTLE
Afebrile can be connected

Paralysis (symmetric flaccid descending)

Imagine someone CLOSING the BOTTLE with a CAP…..
The CLOSING represents CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum (causative bacteria)
BOTTLE represents BOTULISM….
CAP represents the TRIAD

58
 Bradbury-
Egglestone triad: Page 123

anhydrosis
impotence
Orthostatic hypotension
Imagine a boy named BRAD, BURRIES the
EGGS of a hen with STONES…….
And the hen says aaaiiiiooo
59
Brain Abscess
Remember the sentence “FOCUS in HEAD”
Focal neurological defect
Fever
Headache Page 1061 Page 110

60
Brainstem
Lesions (like brainstem gliomas)

Imagine a BELL is tied on a STEM with

ROPES & a LONG THREAD is tied at the
clapper of the bell……………

STEM=BRAINSTEM LESIONS
Page 558
BELL=CEREBELLAR SIGNS
ROPES look like CRANIAL NERVE LESIONS
LONG THREAD=LONG TRACT SIGNS

61
Brain Tumour:

Page 664

Remember as RAI-SE-D
RAIsed ICP
SEizures
Deficit(focal neurological)

62
Triple assessment of

BREAST LUMP
.

is the combination of clinical, (imaging)radiological, and

pathological evaluation of a breast lesion

Imagine triple assessment is like taking a PIC of a breast lump

Pathological evaluation
Imaging
Clinical evaluation
Management of Breast Diseases - Page 104 63
Bronchial
Asthma
Lower airway obstruction resulting from triad of
inflammation, bronchospasm, and increased secretions:
Page 10
Remember this:

Increased Broncho-Spasm P-3387

IBS----
INFLAMMATION+
BRONCHOSPASM+
SECRETIONS
64
 Brucellosis
(Bang disease)
classic triad of:

Fever
Arthralgia/arthritis
Liver & Spleen enlarged
(hepatosplenomegaly)

Imagine BRUCE
LEE(BRUCELLOSIS)…kicking & Page 1420
BANGING (BANG DISEASE) someone & he FALLS down..
65
BUDD-CHIARI
syndrome
BUDDHAA
P-480

Hepatomegaly
Ascites
Abdominal pain
Can also be remembered as laughing Buddhaa…
They laugh like HAAHAA……………

Also note that the hands are touching the abdomen….

which represents Hepatomegaly , Ascites & Abdominal pain

66
Buerger’s
disease(thromboangitis obliterans)
THREE BURGERS
Page 1926
Remember as

TH ROMBOPHLEBITIS

TH (migratory & superficial)

R E

R AYNAUD PHENOMENON

E XTREMITY CLAUDICATION

67
The triad of

Clitoromegaly
Amenorrhea(primary)
Hirsutism
suggests 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 5a-reductase,
Page 140

P450 oxidoreductase, aromatase, or mild virilizing forms of CAH

.

68
 Canavan’s Page 52

disease
It is characterized by the clinical triad of hypotonia, head lag, macrocephaly.

Just see this picture…

big HEAD
and imagine a girl putting her

outside the moving CARAVAN

Big head= MACROCEPHALY

Also note that in that position there is HEAD LAG & HYPOTONIA
69
 (due to Valvular heart disease)

Page 335

#CARCINOID

http://www.site2012.sbd-sp.org.br/public/img/destaques/destaque06.pdf 70
Carcinoma
cervix: Page 213

Triad of :

Sciatic pain We all know that Ca Cervix is seen

only in females…
Hydronephrosis So just remember the word

Edema of leg SHE

when you think of Ca Cervix…..
or just remember SHERVIX

is associated with extensive pelvic involvement by tumor.

71
Carney
triad
Page 778

If you know Hindi remember it as

PG KARNI hai

Para-Ganglionoma,
You can also remember it as
Pulmonary Chondroma Grand Prix CAR
Gastric GIST

72
Carotid-
Cavernous Fistula
Imagine a COP who knows KARATE showing FIST

Chemosis
Ocular bruit
Pulsatile proptosis
Also note that anyone who gets hit by a FIST in the eyes will have:
Chemosis , proptosis and ocular bruit

Orbital Imaging E-Book - Page 127 73

Cauda Equina
Syndrome:
Triad of
Lower extremity weakness + Bowel/Bladder Dysfunction + Saddle Anesthesia

CAUDA EQUINA
means
HORSE TAIL

SADDLE can be connected Page 149

with SADDLE anesthesia

Imagine a horse rider sitting on a

HORSE SADDLE for a long time…
This will cause :
LOW extremity weakness(numbness)
BOWEL/BLADDER DYSFUNCTION
SADDLE ANESTHESIA
74
CHARGE
Syndrome:
Triad of 3C

Coloboma
Choanal atresia
abnormal semicircular Canals
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644625/
75
CholAngitis
ChArcot’s triad
Triad of: Page 1205

High temperature(fever)
Hyperbilirubinemia(jaundice)
Abdominal pain

76
Charcot triad of
Multiple Sclerosis :
MS=MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS=MULTIPLE SIN

Scanning speech
Intentional tremor
Nystagmus

77
Choledochal
Cyst: Remember
PAGE 408

CHOLI & PAJAMA

can be connected with each other.

Triad of:

Abdominal PAIN
JAUNDICE
Abdominal(RUQ) MASS
78
Chronic inorganic
mercury intoxication
produces the classic triad of :

Mercury toxicity=Hg Toxicity P-3795

Hyperexcitable state
(neuropsychiatric disturbances )

gingivostomatitis
Tremor
79
The ECG triad of

Chronic Kidney Disease:

peaked T waves (from hyperkalemia),

QT prolongation (from hypocalcemia)
LVH (from hypertension(high BP)) PAGE 147

Instead of CKD remember CKB

Remember the word CKB & the ECG changes associated with it to remember the triad
C=CALCIUM=HYPOCALCEMIA causes QT prolongation
K=K+=HYPERKALEMIA causes peaked T waves
B=BP=HYPERTENSION causes LVH changes in ECG

Braunwald's Heart Disease E-Book: A Textbook of ... - Page 147

80
Triad of

Chronic Lead
Intoxication P-2163

Think of LEAD GUITAR

“saturnine gout”
t
hyper ension

renal insufficiency
81
Triad of

Chronic
. Pancreatitis:
Calcification of pancreas(CP in chronic pancreatitis)
Steatorrhoea
Diabetes mellitus
Triad is found in less than one-third of patients with CP

Triad of Page 688

Somatostatinoma Note that in both of them

Diabetes mellitus Steatorrhea & Diabetes mellitus

are common..
Steatorrhoea Page 337
(STEADY is STEADY)
Cholecystolithiasis(gall bladder STONES)
CP is seen in CP
(Stones in Somatostatinoma) & Stones in Somatostatinoma

82
 Churg-Strauss
Syndrome
(Allergic granulomatosis)
The triad can be remembered as :

A-LLE-RGY
YGR -ELL-A
or

A=Asthma
ELL=Eosinophilia
YGR=GRanulomas
(necrotizing vasculitis with extravascular granulomas)

https://www.ijdvl.com/article.asp?issn=03786323;year=2012;volume=78;issue=5;spage=657;epage=660;aulast=Madke
83
Congenital
Diaphragmatic
Hernia
Remember that CDH presents with
respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

Respiratory Distress Page 1116

Dextrocardia (apparent)
Scaphoid Abdomen
84
 Congenital Rubella Syndrome

PAGE 10

#CONGENITAL RUBELLA SYNDROME

85
Congenital
Toxoplasmosis
10th ed p528
Remember 3 C

Chorioretinitis,
P-1870

Intracranial Calcifications
& Hydro cephalus
86
Congestive heart F ailure

Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Tender hepatomegaly
Partha's Fundamentals of Pediatrics 87
Creutzfeldt-
Jakob 7th ed page 129
disease
Remember as DEMENTIA
The characteristic triad of :

Dementia(rapidly progressive)
EEG changes
(periodic sharp wave complexes (PSWC))
Myoclonus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4863517/
88
 Crohn
Disease
triad of diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain Page 301

CRONJE =CROHN disease P-1983

Just note this sentence:
When CRONJE DIED
it was a LOSS for cricket &
PAIN for his fans

CRONJE=CROHN DISEASE………………………………….DIED=DIARRHEA
LOSS=WEIGHT LOSS………………………………….PAIN=ABDOMINAL PAIN

89
Currarino
triad: P-1963

Remember “Pre-sacral ano-maly “

Pre-sacral anomaly
Sacral bone anomalies
Ano-maly-Anorectal Malformation

90
 P-526

#CUSHING #ICT

91
 Triad of

Cystic
Fibrosis
Page 342

Can be remembered as:

Cystic Fibrosis Manifestations

Chronic sinopulmonary infections
Failure to thrive
Malabsorption
92
 Cystitis
All forms of cystitis are characterized by a triad of symptoms:

frequency Page 956

lower abdominal pain Remember as :

(localized over the bladder region or in the suprapubic region)

FLOOD
dysuria of urine inside bladder….
(pain or burning on urination).

93
 Dandy Walker Syndrome:

Remember that the word D4NDY constitutes the triad:

(dilated 4th ventricle + non communicating hydrocephalus +dysplasia/hypoplasia of cerebellar vermis)

Case Scenarios in Pediatric and Adolescent Practice - Page 187 94

Dark
Triad:
comprises the personality traits of:

Machiavellianism
Narcissism
Psychopathy
They are called "dark" because of their malevolent qualities.

95
dengue Hemorrhagic
fever P-881
triad of symptoms:

hemorrhagic manifestations
evidence of plasma leakage
platelet counts of <100,000/μL.

Note that

dH when seen upside down looks like

p latelets low

Hemorrhage p
lasma leak evidence

96
Denys–Drash
syndrome
caused by missense mutations within

WT1 gene
10th ed p1231

WT=Wilm Tumor
Ge=Genitourinary anomalies
Ne=Nephropathy
97
Dermatopathia
pigmentosa reticularis
(DPR)
is a rare disorder with characteristic triad of:

Remember as HAD just like Clouston Syndrome

generalized reticulate Hyperpigmentation

noncicatricial Alopecia
nail Dystrophy
Please compare with Clouston syndrome triad………….
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32995033/
98
Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Remember Diabetic +Keto + Acidosis

Hyperglycemia Ketonuria
Blood glucose>250 mg/dl Arterial PH<7.35
Ketonemia
with glycosuria. S.Bicarbonate <20 mEq/L

Page 264
99
 Diabetes Mellitus
classical triad of:
3P
Polyuria Page 1113

Polydipsia
Polyphagia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1495577/#:~:text=Of%20Hippocrates'%20c
lassic%20triad%20of,glucose%20excess)%20pathophysiology%20of%20diabetes. 100
Dialysis
dementia
syndrome:
P-68

Neurological examination reveals the triad of :

Myoclonus remember this sentence

Arrested speech MAD after

Dementia DIALYSIS

101
Dieulafoy’s triad of
Acute Appendicitis
Reflex muscular contraction
Hypersensitiveness of skin
Tenderness at Mac Burney’s point
Page 1177

Mac=MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Burney’s=BURNING SENSATION OF SKIN
Point=POINT TENDERNESS OVER MACBURNEYS POINT
102
Diffuse
Axonal Injury: Page 246

Imagine you have an AXE…

with that AXE you cut the BRAINSTEM leading to
LACERATION……this causes HEMORRHAGE…
And because of all these AXON is DAMAGED…

Triad of :

gross focal lesions of haemorrhages

lacerations in the corpus callosum and brain stem
microscopic demonstration of axonal damage
(Retraction balls)

103
DiGeorge
syndrome
Page 715
Triad of:

Parathyroid gland hypoplasia

(causing hypocalcemia)

Thymic hypoplasia
(causing immunodeficiency&
frequent infections)
Remember as PTH ….
Because parathormone is decreased
Heart defects in DiGeorge syndrome

(conotruncal anomalies)

104
DRESS
P-3448

syndrome,

or drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms

triad of fever,rash and hepatitis

DRESS FOR HAPPINESS

FoR=Fever & Rash

Happiness=Hepatitis

105
Dressler
syndrome
is also known as Post-myocardial infarction syndrome
Remember the triad of Dressler syndrome as 3P

Pyrexia
Pericarditis
Pericardial effusion
Page 103

106
DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA =ZINSSER-ENGMAN-COLE SYNDROME P-2574

Imagine a DOLL with dyskeratosis congenita

doing DISCO dance( dyskeratosis congenita)

107
 Dyskinetic CP
Triad of:
10th ed page 908

enamel DYSPLASIA (dental dysplasia)

DEAFNESS
sensorineural

upward gaze DEFECT/palsy

Dyskinetic CP along with this triad as a result of kernicterus constitutes Perlstein tetrad

108
 P-2808

#EAGLE-BARRETT #PRUNE BELLY

109
The classic clinical triad of

Ectopic 9th edition

Page 166

Pregnancy Think of ECTOPIC PREGNANCY as:

Pelvic Pain Pregnancy

Amenorrhea Away from
Vaginal Bleeding Vagina
110
Endometriosis
Remember as 3D
Dyspareunia
Dyschezia Page 316

Dysmenorrhea
111
Emery-Dreifuss
Muscular Dystrophy
(EMD)
Clinically, it is marked by a triad consisting of :
Remember as :
Page 1234
CARDIO-MYOPATHY CASE
CARDIO=CARDIO-MYOPATHY associated with conduction defects
MYOPATHY=MUSCLE WEAKNESS(slowly progressive, humero-peroneal )
CASE=Contractures of Achilles tendon,Spine & Elbows
Also imagine DRY & CONTRACTED muscles
in Emery- DREIfuss MD…..
112
 Epidemiological
triad of disease:

(ALSO TAKEN AS ECOLOGICAL TRIAD)

ECHOLOGICAL
Page 19

Remember as

Environment
Causative agent
HOst
113
Also remember the clinical triad of 3D of acute epiglottitis:
Drooling
Dysphagia
Distress(respiratory)
Page 37
114
Erythromelalgia
Triad of:

pain(P)
recurrent extremity P-3448

Warmth(W)
Redness(R)
remember

Erythro=Red
RED is a color that represents
pain,warmth,redness
& PoWeR
115
 P-57

Ethanol
Intoxication:
the classic triad of :

Hypothermia(cool)
Hypoglycemia(sugar free)
Coma

ETHANOL(alcohol) is COOL ,SUGAR FREE & will cause COMA like state

116
Fallopian Tube
Cancer :

Hydrops Tubae Profluens PAGE 255

Pelvic Mass Imagine HUMPTY

FALLING on a TUBE

Pain
after stepping

Pelvic on a HUMP

117
 Familial
Hypertriglyceridemia:
Familial hypertriglyceridemia can be connected with something to eat…..

Remember this sentence:

PAGE 968

HAD CHATNI
to eat
Triad of:
HDL=Decreased
elevated plasma triglycerides
( 250–1000 mg/dL), CH And T = Normal & Increased respectively
normal or only mildly increased
cholesterol levels (<250 mg/dL), (CH=CHOLESTEROL……………T=Triglyceride)
and reduced plasma HDL.

118
 Fanconi
anemia:
Triad Of:
P-2568

F ailure -bone marrow Can also be remembered as:

An omalies(congenital)
A=Anomalies
B=B.M failure
C=Chromosomal fragility (increased)

C hromosome fragility-elevated
Triad of bone marrow failure, congenital anomalies, and elevated chromosome fragility.

119
Fanconi
syndrome:
GAP in FAN

Glycosuria Page 223

Aminoaciduria
Also note that
Fanconi syndrome
is associated with
Normal Anion

Phosphaturia GAP acidosis

120
.
Triad of FAR
Fever+Arthralgia+Rash
are seen in :

Chikungunya
SLE
Serum sickness
Stills disease
Imagine a story of chicken & wolf…
Once upon a time in a village there was a CHICKEN(CHIKUNGUNYA)
One day the chicken got SICK(SERUM SICKNESS) & was lying STILL(STILL’S DISEASE).
Suddenly a WOLF (lupus means wolf and it represents SLE) attacked the chicken..

The chicken got up & ran FAR away………………..

121
Triad of Page 199

Fascioliasis
caused by

Fasciola Hepatica Can also be remembered as

Remember as HEP

F.He Hepatomegaly
Eosinophilia
Pyrexia
Fever
Hepatomegaly(tender,painful)
Hyper-eosinophilia
122
FAT EMBOLISM:
Bergman's triad

Petechial Rash
Neurologic Impairment FAT PANDA WITH BURGER

Dyspnea
P-108

123
 Felty’s Page 606

syndrome:
Remember the sentence:

FELT SERENE

Triad of:
Splenomegaly
Rheumatoid arthritis
Felt SeReNe Neutropenia
(also note that spleen can be FELT because of SPLENOMEGALY)
124
Fem ale
Athlete Triad P-1059

amenorrhea
low bone density(osteoporosis)
eating disorder 125
Follicular Occlusion
Triad

Remember as

HIDR-ADENITIS SUPPURATIVA
P-3582

Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Acne conglobata
dissecting cellulitis of Scalp

126
 Friedreich Page 100

ataxia:
The classical triad of:
Imagine ataxia is like a dance …and you sing while dancing…
Sing=GAA in hindi….so the triplet nucleotide repeat sequence in
Friedreich ataxia is GAA… GAA can be modified as BAA
(if not melodious)

Babinski’s sign-positive
Ataxia
Areflexia
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29938355/#:~:text=Abstract,atypical%20presentations%20might%20also%20occur.

127
Galezia triad:
Peyronie's disease of penis.
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
page1177

Dupuytren's contracture
GIZA…
Note that GALEZIA sounds like

GIZA is related to PyRamiD……

And also imagine that like a mummy everything is fibrosed leading to contractures

128
Gallbladder ghost
triad:
is a term used on ultrasound studies when there is a
combination of three gallbladder features on biliary atresia:

Remember as G-ALL
A tretic gallbladder, length less than 1.9 cms

Lobular or irregular contour

Lack of smooth/complete echogenic mucosal
lining with an indistinct wall

The term gallbladder ghost was coined in 2003 by a Singaporean radiologist Anne
Poh Ann Tan Kendrick because the gallbladder is so small and difficult to see in
biliary atresia, like a ghost

Imaging Non-traumatic Abdominal Emergencies in Pediatric ... - Page 98 129

The characteristic radiological sign of

gallstone ileus
is
Rigler’s Triad (gi=ig)

Imagine GALL STONE like SOAP Page 1282

small bowel obstruction

atypical mineral shadow
pneumobilia
on radiographs of the abdomen

130
Gardner
syndrome
Imagine a GARDENER in a garden ..
the grass are like FIBERS
(FIBROUS TISSUE)
The flowers are like POLYPS
The stones and pebbles are like
hard bones(OSTEOMAS)

Triad of:

Soft tissue FIBROMAS

Colonic POLYPOSIS
Multiple OSTEOMAS
131
 Garland triad
(aka 1-2-3 sign)-
indicative of Sarcoidosis-on CXR-

B/L Hilar lymphadenopathy

+

Right paratracheal
lymphadenopathy

GARLAND=HAAR in Hindi
Page 442
132
 G ER
Triad of:
D

Epigastric pain
Page 1077

Retrosternal burning pain (heartburn)

Regurgitation
133
INTESTINAL ADHESION:

Gilroy-
.
Bevan Page 925
triad of adhesive pain is—

T enderness is elicited by pressure over the scar

(TENDERNESS over scar)

Pain in the region of Old abdominal scar.

(pain over OLD scar)

Pain may get aggravated or relieved on change of Posture.

(pain increase with change of POSTURE)

Note that GILCHRIST & BEVAN are TOP cricket players…

They are shaking hands & it represents INTESTINAL ADHESION

134
 Glomerulo-
Nephritis
Remember

Page 476

Please note that out of these OLIGURIA is not a part of the triad….
Oedema+Hematuria+Hypertension constitutes the triad….
135
 Glutathione
synthetase deficiency:
The classical triad of:

Hemolysis Remember GLUT &

Acidosis (metabolic) HAM
Mental Deterioration
GLUT & HAM are short forms of
GLUTEUS maximus & HAMSTRING muscles..
& its easy to connect these 2 words…

IAP Textbook of Pediatrics - Page 800

136
 #GRADENIGO SYNDROME
Page 88
137
 Graves’
disease Page 1081

a classical triad of:

Hyperthyroidism,Exophthalmos And Dermopathy

Imagine a

HEAD
coming out of GRAVE

GET to GRAVE

138
 Gyrate
Atrophy
Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina is caused by deficiency of ornithine
aminotransferase.

C2
Page 76
It is a triad of :
Remember as

progressive chorioretinal degeneration

early cataract formation Also note that GY(in the gyrate)

& EYE rhymes..EYE=EYE manifestations..
type 2 muscle fiber atrophy & atrophy stands for atrophy of muscles

139
Haimovici
.

triad of
Revascularisation Injury
Page 186
Acute renal failure
Can also be memorized as
Muscle Infarction MY REVASCULARISATION INJURY
MY=Myoglobinuria
Myoglobinuria R=Renal failure
Injury=Infarction

140
Hakim triad (Adams Triad) in
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
(NPH) You need a

GUIDE at
Gait disturbance NH
(National Highway)
& HAKIM is a GUD GUIDE

Urinary Incontinence P-3112

Dementia
Oxford Textbook of Neuroscience and Anaesthesiology 141
Page 628 #HAND SCHULLER CHRISTIAN DISEASE
142
HEATSTROKE
Physical triad of :

P-3345
exposure to a HEAT STRESS
CNS dysfunction
CORE temperature >40.5°C
Remember as :

HEAT STROKE CHANGES

143
 Page 2431

#SANDBLOM # HEMOBILIA

144
Hemochromatosis
Remember BCD
Page 137

BRONZE SKIN (hyperpigmentation)

CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER (Hepatic damage)

DIABETES MELLITUS (Pancreatic damage)

145
Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolysis means BREAKING of RBC…
The classic triad of hemolysis is anemia, reticulocytosis

BREAK
and hyperbilirubinemia….just remember the word BREAK….

Page 714

Note the BREAK with a broken K..So K is not a part of the mnemonic

BRE =BiliRubin Elevated=Hyperbilirubinemia

RE =Reticulocytes Elevated=Reticulocytosis

A =Anemia(normomacrocytic)
146
 Hemolytic Uremic
Syndrome(HUS)
P-2732

Remember THRombocytopenia
T=Thrombocytopenia
H=Hemolytic anemia(microangiopathic)
R=Renal insufficiency(acute)
147
 Henoch–
Schonlein
PurPurA P-168

(HSP)

P P A ARTHRITIS
PALPABLE PURPURA PAIN IN ABDOMEN
(non-thrombocytopenic)

148
HCC:
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Triad of :
Page 528

Loss of weight Remember as

Abdominal Mass Abdominal
Abdominal Pain LUMP
Compare with the mnemonic
is the most common clinical presentation
HUMP for RCC

149
Hepatopulmonary
Syndrome

Hepat-O-Pulmonary Page 317

P-2088
Hepato =Liver disease
O=Oxygen low(hypoxaemia)
Pulmonary=intrapulmonary vascular dilatations

150
Hereditary
Spherocytosis
Triad of :Jaundice AND

Hemolytic anemia
Page 1047

Splenomegaly
151
Hermansky–
Pudlak syndrome

A
(Albinism )
HERMANSKY-PUDLAK
(HEMORRHAGIC DIATHESIS –Platelets Lacking Dense bodies)
SYNDROME
(Storage of ceroid-like material in tissues)

Management of Genetic Syndromes - Page 62

152
Heyde
Syndrome: PAGE 47

AS = Aortic Stenosis
AC =A cquired Coagulopathy
(Acquired VonWillibrand Disease)

AD =Angio-Dysplasia
(Intestinal Angiodysplasia causing G.I Bleeds)

153
 Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 2
or Clouston syndrome
is characterized by a triad of
Remember as

HAD instead of HED

palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis.
partial-to-complete Alopecia
nail Dystrophy
When compared to Hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia ,in Clouston syndrome the
sweating is preserved and there are usually no dental anomalies

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20301379/
154
.
Triad of imaging findings in

HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS
P-3054

Remember the first 2 letters HI

High signal Intensity…
abnormal

reduced size of the left

Hippocampus (arrow)
(relative to the right)…
blurring of Internal laminar architecture..
155
Horner’s
syndrome :
Note that HORN sounds like PAM PAM..
Page 336
triad of UNILATERAL:

Ptosis with apparent enophthalmos

Anhydrosis Page 178

Miosis
156
Huntington
disease
manifests with the triad of : Remember the word

MAD HUNTING
Movement disorder (chorea)
Abnormal behaviour
(aggressiveness, apathy or depression)

Dementia
USMLE Step 1 Secrets in Color E-Book - Page 411
157
Histopathological Triad of

Human prion
diseases
cortical spongiform change
neuronal cell loss 23rd ed page 1127

gliosis Remember the word

SPONGE
for prion diseases

158
 #congenital syphilis
#Hutchinson triad

Ref:Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 21st ed page 1547

159
 Hyaline membrane
disease:
The classic chest X-ray triad of
reduced lung volumes, air bronchograms, and ground glass appearance

Page 49

Note that reticulogranular pattern,ground glass opacities & white out lungs can be taken as one

160
Hyperekplexia
Imagine a scenario where you have just seen a ghost..
You will STARTLE
You will become STIFF
Your body will start to twitch(myoclonus)

P-3124

generalized stiffness,

nocturnal myoclonus, and

later a pathologic startle reflex
161
Hyper-
.
IE g syndrome

It is characterized by classic triad of:

recurrent cutaneous and sinopulmonary I nfections,

chronic E czematoid dermatitis, and

Page 84

elevated serum IgE (usually in the range: 2,000-40,000 U/l)

162
Hypocalcemic
tetany

Remember as decreased S. Ca
23rd ed page 663

Stridor Carpopedal spasm

Convulsions
Page 615
163
Hypohidrotic
Ectodermal Dysplasia
10th ed P 1488

Hypohydrosis (Absent sweat glands)

Hypotrichosis (Alopecia)

Hypodontia (Decrease number of teeth)

164
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6296697/

#INFANTILE GAUCHER DISEASE

165
 Infantile P-3388

glaucoma
Imagine someone flashing light on the
eyes of a thief…..
What will be his reaction?
He is afraid of light(photophobia)
He will squeeze his eyes(blepharospasm)
He will cry(tears)

epiphora (tearing),
photophobia (sensitivity to light),and
blepharospasm (eyelid squeezing)
166
 Infectious
Mononucleosis
Triad can be memorized with slight word modification…
P-1715
Remember 3 F….

Fatigue
Faryngitis (pharyngitis)
lymFadenopathy (Generalized lymphadenopathy)

167
Acute intoxication of

INH
leads to a triad of :

Page 313
Metabolic Acidosis(MA)
Refractory Seizures(RS)
Hyperglycemia (H)
Imagine INH(Isoniazid) intoxication to be like eating
MARSH mallos…..
It increases your glucose levels(Hyperglycemia) as well

168
Intraductal papillary
mucinous
.
neoplasms

(IPMN) Remember AMP for AMPulla

ERCP shows triad of Ohashi— Or

APMN instead of IPMN

a bulging AMP ULLA of Vater,

dilated main Pancreatic duct.

Page 695

Mucin secretion and

169
Intussusception

Remember AXBXC Page 283

X is also known as into P-1966

ABDOMINAL PAIN (Paroxysmal colicky pain)

ABDOMINAL MASS (Palpable sausage shaped mass in RUQ )

CURRENT JELLY STOOL

170
Jeavons
Syndrome
the triad of : Page 28

Eyelid myoclonia
(with or without absence seizures)

Eye closure induced generalized paroxysms

EEG photosensitivity
Remember as JEEEVON SYNDROME & the 3 E
171
Kasabach-
Merritt
Syndrome
Remember the last letters of
Triad of: kasabacH &

Hemorrhagic
merritT
diathesis

giant Hemangioma of the body surface

Thrombocytopenia
Atlas of Tumors of the Facial Skeleton: Odontogenic and ... - Page 138 172
Page 231
#kartagener

173
Kearns-Sayre
syndrome
Remember the word RETIN-O-PATHY P-3302

Pigmentary Retin-O-Pathy P-3250

Onset before 20 years of age

PEO(progressive external ophthalmoplegia ) with P tosis

174
Kimura’s
disease:
is an immune mediated inflammatory disease with a classic triad of :

Remember as KEEMURA’S
Eosinophilia
elevated IgE levels PAGE 328

painless subcutaneous MASSES in the head or neck region

175
Klippel–Feil
syndrome

10th ed 1441
Imagine someone has put a CLIP behind the neck…

Low posterior hairline

(posterior hairline goes further down because of the clip)
Short neck
(neck length decreases because of clip)
Limited range of neck motion
(you are unable to move neck freely)

176
Klippel-
Trenaunay PAGE 212

syndrome

Triad of :

Port -wine stain,

PORT VINE STAIN Read as

veins
varicose and

soft tissue
bony and hypertrophy involving an extremity seen

https://reference.medscape.com/article/1084257overview#:~:text=Klippel%2DTrenaunay%2DWeber%20syndrome%20(,tissue%20hypertrop
hy%20involving%20an%20extremity.
177
Klinefelter’s
syndrome
Remember :

KLINE FILTER Page 719

FELTER sounds like FILTER &

FILTER can be related to GAS
(remember GAS FILTER)

G=Gynecomastia
A=Azoospermia
S=Small,firm testes
178
 Kluver–Bucy
syndrome
remember
PSycho
P
Hyper- hagia
Hyper-Sexuality
Psychic Blindness Page VIII

179
KWASHIORKOR
Note that Kwashiorkor=PEM
PEM & GEM rhymes

Growth retardation Page 181

Edema
Mental changes(apathy)
180
 Lambert-
Eaton PAGE 227

Syndrome
Imagine a LAMB saying MAA while EATING
Clinical triad of :
Muscle weakness (proximal) MAA…
Autonomic features
(dry mouth, erectile dysfunction, constipation, orthostatic hypotension)

Areflexia
181
Laryngeal
clefts P-232

can present with the triad of :

Remember 3S
Stridor
excessive Salivation
Soundless (muted)cry
Pediatric Respiratory Medicine - Page 912
182
 LCMV
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus 19TH ED
PAGE 1153
Remember as LCMV
Large CSF (Hydrocephalus)
Microencephaly
PeriVentricular calcifications
183
Lennox-Gastaut
syndrome

Remember that just like WEST syndrome ,here also the mnemonic is DES….
Please note the differences….

Developmental delay P-3098

(its developmental regression in WEST syndrome)

EEG changes(1-2 Hz spike–and-slow waves, polyspike bursts in sleep)

(it’s hypsarrhytmia in WEST syndrome)

Seizures
-Multiple seizure types-atypical absences, and myoclonic,astatic, and tonic seizures
(it’s infantile spasm in WEST syndrome)
184
 LeRIChe
Syndrome: PAGE 4

Reduced /absent femoral pulse

Impotence
Claudication of hips &buttocks
185
LIDDLE
Syndrome:
classically presents with the triad of :
hypertension, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis in a relatively young patient.

L10DLE
Ten-s-i0-n(hypertension)
P-84
Alka-l0-sis (metabolic)
Also K-l0ss(hypokalemia)
186
Loeys- Dietz syndrome:
Di represents 2 fingers

Hypertelorism P-3743

Imagine 2 eyes moved apart by 2 fingers

Bifid uvula, cleft palate, or both

BIFID & BOTH represents 2 fingers

Vascular defects
generalized arterial tortuosity with widespread
vascular aneurysm and dissection.

2 fingers=V=Vascular
187
 Lofgren's
syndrome
Page 194
Lof=LAUGH……& you laugh when you are Happy
Remember as :

HAP-P-E
HAP=Hilar Adeno Pathy(bilateral)
P=Polyarthritis
E=Erythema Nodosum

188
 LOVER’S
Calcaneal #
Forearm #
Lumbar compression #
(seen due to fall from height)...
Imagine after receiving a call from lover,
a person jumps out of window and fractures his calcaneum,forearm and lumbar vertebra

Squid's Little Pink e-Book - Page 134 189

P-2763

#LOWE SYNDROME
190
Triad of
LuciAni:
Associated with cerebellar lesion

Asthenia 41ST ED P-331

Atonia
Astasia
191
Lyme
Classical triad of

neuroborreliosis
remember as

LIME CREAM Page 279

Cranial nerve palsies

Radiculoneuropathy
Meningitis(asceptic)
192
 MacDonald
Triad
(triad of sociopathy or the homicidal triad)
1.Bed-wetting(enuresis)2. Fire-setting 3. Small animal torture
Page 213

MacDonald & Buffet can be linked

B=Bed-wetting
F=Fire setting Buffet

T=Torture of small animals

193
Macleod (Or Swyer-James)

Syndrome
Imagine that P-2223

Macleod is V1P
The triad of :

decreased ventilation(V)
unilateral hyperlucent lung(unilateral=1)
decreased perfusion(P) of the affected lung

194
Malaria
PAGE 337

Remember that it is transmitted by:

Female AnopheleS Mosquito

Clinical Triad of Malaria:

Fever
(PERIODIC)
Anemia SplenoMegaly
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/abs/10.7326/0003-4819-25-2-293?journalCode=aim

195
Malignant
Hypertension P-89

A triad of:

Blood PRessure of > 200/140 mm Hg,

Papilloedema(grade 4 retinopathy)
Renal dysfunction.
Remember as:

PR>200/140
196
 Marchiafava’s
Postpneumonic
.

triad: Remember the word

PNEUMENIA

Pulmonary Necrosis

Endocardial Ulceration &

Meningitis
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Marchiafava%27s+postpneumonic+triad
197
 Marfan
syndrome
Note that
1st ed page 57

FAN P-2975
makes you

COOL
Triad of:

Cardiavascular problems -Ocular abnormalities-Long limbs

(aortic aneurysm) (ectopia lentis) (& loose joints)

198
Marshall’s
triad :
Bruises, Lacerations(Punctate) &Abrasions
seen in BLAST (explosion) injuries
Page 313

Compare with triad of Blast Lung …..

199
Marshall and
Knud-Hansen
.
Triad of GJC fistula are –

Weight loss
Eructation of fecal-smelling gas Page 831

Diarrhea Imagine a gastro jejunocolic fistula is like

STOMACH marrying JEJUNUM
Or in other words
Stomach WED jejunum
200
McCune Albright
syndrome
The BRIGHT bulb looks like a P
Imagine a bright P like a bulb

Precocious puberty
P olyostotic fibrous dysplasia P-383

Pigmentation (hyperpigmented macules)

201
Triad of:

Measles
Remember
3C
Cough Page 622

Coryza
Conjunctivitis
202
Meckel–Gruber
Syndrome
Meckel–Gruber
10th ed p1257
read as Meckel–Gruper

Polydactyly
Encephalocele(occipital)
Renal cystic dysplasia(Bilateral)

203
 Page 793

#BOERHAAVE #MECKLER
204
Meigs
Syndrome PAGE 899
Benign ovarian tumor + pleural effusion + ascites

Remember the sentence EAT Maggi Meig=Maggi

E=Effusion(pleural)

A=Ascites

T=Tumor(Benign ovarian)

205
Melkersson–
Rosenthal syndrome
When you think of MR , P-332

the next letter that comes to your mind is F

Triad of:

recurrent Facial and/or recurrent labial edema

relapsing Facial paralysis

Fissured tongue
206
Meltzer's triad
in CRYOGLOBULINEMIA
Page 147
Just try to remember this sentence:
PURE ART is MY WEAKNESS & it MELTS me & makes me CRY

PURE=PURPURA
ART is MY =ARTHRALGIAS/MYalgia
WEAKNESS=WEAKNESS
MELT represents MELTZER
& CRY represents CRYOGLOBULINEMIA

please note that CRYO means COLD & it is related to MELT (MELTzer)

207
Triad of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia:
MEN 1 / MEN2a/MEN 2b

Page 2747

208
 Meniere’s
Disease
(Endolymphatic Hydrops)

triad of episodic vertigo followed by fluctuating deafness and fluctuating tinnitus.

Note that if:

WOMEN=DEVI
MEN=DEVATA D=DEAFNESS
V=VERTIGO
T=TINNITUS
PAGE 260

209
The classic clinical triad of

Meningitis
Note that MENINGITIS can be remembered as

Fixed HEAD & NECK Page 1054

Fever
Headache &
Nuchal Rigidity (“stiff neck”)
210
Midline or
Infratentorial tumors: P-2667

Classic triad of:

Headache
(imagine DEVIL’S HEAD)

Vomiting and
(DEVIL’S horns looks like a V )

Papilledema
(Devil= Paapi in Hindi) Imagine the devil with
a brain tumor
211
MIKULICZ’S
.

syndrome:
It is characterised by the triad which includes —

dryness of the Mouth. Page 400

enlargement of the Lacrymal glands which causes narrowing of

the palpebral fissures

symmetrical enlargement of all Salivary glands

212
Migraine
Imagine someone with
MIGRAINE HEADACHE
Page 216

under SUN

Sensory/motor Symptoms
(premonitory visual,sensory or motor symptoms)
Unilateral throbbing headache
Nausea & vomiting
213
Milk Alkali
Syndrome Page 20

M.alkali=M.alkalosis=Metabolic alkalosis

ALKALI=ALKALOSIS
ALKALI=AKI=Acute Kidney Injury
ALCALI=CALCIUM Increased=Hypercalcemia

Triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and acute kidney injury

due to ingested calcium carbonate

214
#miller fisher P=585
215
Auscultatory triad of:

Mitral Stenosis
Remember as MS-DOS Page 819

Diastolic rumble(Apical)
Opening snap
S1 loud (first heart sound)

I hope you have heard about MS DOS(Microsoft Disk Operating System)

216
MuLtipLe
MyeLoMa:
Note the multiple M’s and L’s Page 305

Marrow plasmacytosis > 10%

Lytic bone lesions
Serum and/or urine M component
217
 Mycetoma
The pathognomonic feature is the triad of:

painless sub-cutaneous mass

s
multiple inuses
seropurulent discharge

3S Page 71

218
NAFLD
P-2123

(Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)

FI-IF
Just write FL for Fatty Liver

Triad of :
FL
Now break the leg of L..
It will look like
Fatty Infiltration
Inflammation
Fibrosis
FI
(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH])

219
 P-294

#NECROTISING ENTEROCOLITIS #NEC

220
 The classical triad of

neonatal HSV infection

consists of:

Page 568

Skin manifestations
Ophthalmologic findings
Neurologic involvement
Note that if the mother has HSV ,then her SON will develop SON

221
Nephrogenic
Systemic Fibrosis
remember

NE-PRO-GG-enic Page 530

Triad of:
PRO-inflammatory state
Gadolinium use
GFR <30 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 &
other features of renal impairment like peritoneal or hemodialysis

222
Nephrotic
P-2752

Syndrome
The important clinical features of nEPHrotic syndrome can be remembered as EPH

Edema
Proteinuria
note that Proteinuria is not a part of the TRIAD …
you can memorize it by thinking that the PROTEINURIA is lost in the urine…
Or just imagine that P is lost in PEE….the rest all are part of the TRIAD..

Hypoalbuminemia(≤2.5 g/dL)
Hyperlipidemia (cholesterol > 200 mg/dL)
223
Netherton-Comel
Syndrome
Netherton Comel syndrome has two triads. PAGE 485

Dermatologic examination reveals a classical clinical triad of:

atopic diathesis A
bamboo hair (trichorrhexis invaginata ) B
congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma
C

& From the perspective of a general physician:

diarrhea D
generalized infantile erythroderma, E
failure To Thrive F
224
Neurogenic
Shock:
Triad of 3H
Page 1048

H.R low(bradycardia)
Hypotension
Hypothermia
225
NeuroMyoTonia:
The clinical triad includes involuntary:
P-200

Muscle Twitching
Muscle sTiffness
MyoTonia
Just take the M&T from MyoTonia

226
Ocular tilt reaction:

P-159

Imagine a person
SKY DIVING(SKEW DEVIATION)
& his HEAD is TILTED(HEAD TILT)….&
his EYES are TWISTED
(OCULAR TORSION)

A triad of :
Head tilt, ocular torsion, and skew deviation
227
O’Donoghue triad or
Unhappy triad:
Twisting force in a weight-bearing knee joint causes injury to

Medial collateral ligament

Anterior cruciate ligament
Medial Meniscus
remember

Unhappy Man & Men

(MAN & MEN DONO UNHAPPY)

Biomechanics of Musculoskeletal Injury - Page 173 228

Opioid
Overdose P-56

CNS depression
Pinpoint pupils
Respiratory depression
Imagine you are giving CPR to a patient with Opioid overdose
229
 Some textbooks also mention
another triad….

Remember as
HEREDITARY
(positive family history)
HEMORRHAGIC
(recurrent epistaxis)
TELANGIECTASIA
(multiple telangiectasia)

#OSLER WEBER RENDU # TELANGIECTASIA

Ref1:The Evolution of Medicine

Ref2:Shafer'S Textbook Of Oral Pathology (6Th Edition) - Page 144 230

 (van der Hoeve’s triad)

#HUTCHINSON #BEHCET #OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA #ALPORT

231
Orbital
Cellulitis
Inflammation of the tissues of the orbit
P-3392
Imagine a VAMPire with
ORBITAL CELLULITIS
Triad of:

VA=Visual Acuity decreased

M=Movements of eyes limited (due to pain)
P=Proptosis

232
#CHOLANGITIS #APPENDICITIS #CHOLEDOCHAL CYST #HYPERNEPHROMA
233
Pancoast
Tumor
Remember as :
Pancoast syndrome refers to superior
sulcus tumors along with the triad of
(1) shoulder and arm pain

Pain coast
Pain can be represented as
(pain =oo)
(2) wasting of the hand muscles
(Hand muscle wasting=H)
(3) ipsilateral Horner syndrome

OOHH (i.e., ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis due

invasion of the stellate ganglion)

(Horner syndrome=H)

4th ed page 541 234

 Paramedian
Thalamic Syndrome:
is classically described as a triad of symptoms including:

Vertical gaze disturbances PAGE 931

DECREASED level of consciousness
MEMORY LOSS
Imagine a person named PARTHA is climbing a hill…
He suddenly develops VERTICAL GAZE PALSY..
He falls down and reaches PAATHAAL
(deep inside ground)…….
After that he has
DECREASED LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
& MEMORY LOSS

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33032538/
235
 Triad of:

Parapharyngeal
Abscess
(with anterior compartment involvement)

Can be remembered as

TEST for TEST Page 303

T =Tonsil & tonsillar fossa prolapse

ES =External Swelling behind the angle of jaw
T =Trismus(due to spasm of medial pterygoid)
236
Parinaud
syndrome
is the triad of :

Poor Pupillary reaction to light Page 451

And
Retraction Nystagmus (on convergence)
And
Upward-gaze Defect(paresis)

Remember as PARENAUD
237
Parkinsonism--
C
• og-wheel Rigidity
Page 1282
•AKINESIA/bradykinasia

• Resting Tremor

#PARKINSONISM

238
#PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA
P-720

239
 Pediatric
Assessment Triangle
The PAT comprises of the immediate visual and auditory impression
of a sick child who is wheeled into an ER based on the triad of: Page 241

Appearance
Breathing
Circulation
240
PID:
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE
Page 201
Remember as:

Pain In Different PLACE

Pain-Lower abdomen
ADNEXAL Tenderness.
CERVIX motion tenderness
241
Classic triad of findings for
pericardial effusion with
cardiac tamponade:
P-1682

Remember
electrical alternans ALTernans
(best seen in leads V3 and V4 in this case; arrows)

low QRS voltages

sinus tachycardia

242
 #PEUTZ-JEGHERS

https://www.e-cep.org/m/journal/view.php?number=20125552132

243
 Page 252

The triad of PHEMISTER refers to the above three features seen

classically with tuberculous arthropathy
Can also be remembered as:
T=TRIAD of
Tuberculosis- BONE B0=BONE OSTEOPOROSIS
N=NARROWING OF JOINT SPACE
E=EROSIONS

244
 P-2705

#PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA

245
Pierre–Robin
sequence 10th ed p:1417
Remember this BIRD known as MAGPIE ROBIN
(MAG is the triad & PIE ROBIN represents PIERRE ROBIN sequence)

Micrognathia
Airway Obstruction
Glossoptosis
Also note that BIRD facies is seen in PIERRE-ROBIN SEQUENCE

246
Pituitary stalk
interruption syndrome
(PSIS)
is a rare, congenital disorder characterized by a triad of:

a thin or interrupted pituitary stalk,

P-2882
aplasia or hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary
absent or ectopic posterior pituitary (EPP)
seen on MRI

MPHD (Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiency)

also has the same triad….

Remember as:

AP=Aplasia of Anterior Pituitary

EP=Ectopic Posterior pituitary
IP=Interrupted Pituitary stalk
247
 Plummer-
Vinson syndrome
A story:
There was a PLUMBER named VINSON in a town…
He found a block in the IRON PIPE

Block was due to WEBS

Here the PIPE represents the food pipe(esophagus)
The block in the food pipe is due to webs(esophageal webs)
And this block in the esophagus leads to dysphagia
The pipe is made of iron and the iron represents iron deficiency anemia

• Iron deficiency anemia

• Dysphagia,
• Esophageal webs
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1586011/#:~:text=Plummer%2DVinson%20syndrome%20is%20defined,the%20pharynx%20and
%20the%20esophagus.
248
Classical clinical Triad of

Pneumonia
Remember COFF
(sounds like COUGH)

Cough
Fever
Fast breathing and or difficult breathing

IAP Textbook of Pediatrics - Page 640

249
Polycystic ovary
syndrome
(PCOS)
P-2857
Triad of :

Polycystic morphology of ovary on ultrasound examination

(≥12 follicles in 1 ovary and/or ovarian volume >10 mm 3 )

Clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism

Oligoovulation or anovulation

250
Triad of

Portal
.

Hypertension Page 608

Remember the word SEA PORT

– S plenomegaly.

– E sophageal varices.

– A scites
251
PORTAL TRIAD

Hepatic Artery 41st ed .page-1169

Portal Vein
Bile Duct
v

Imagine you are standing on portal triad & celebrating

HA-PPY- B’DAY
252
 Posterior Wall MI:
characteristic triad:

(1) tall, symmetrical T waves in leads V2 and V3.

(2) tall R waves
(3) depressed ST segments
Imagine POSTERIOR WALL MI changes is like broken TRUST

Page 39

Tall T&R waves Depressed ST segment

253
 Pulmonary
arteriovenous fistulas:
may be asymptomatic in 13 to 55 % of patients.
The classic triad of :

Cyanosis CD CLUB &

ART FESTIVAL
Dyspnea can be connected

Clubbing
is found in 10 to 30%

A Comprehensive Approach to Congenital Heart Diseases - Page 245 254

 potential for pulmonary
The

aspiration depends primarily on the triad of:

viscosity, volatility and surface tension

Page 315

255
 Pulmonary

bolism
.

Em
Remember as:

b&li-sm Page 121

Bilirubin & LDH increased SGOT maintained at normal levels

(i)Elevation of serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH activity),

(ii) increased serum bilirubin concentration and
(iii) normal serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) level .
(note that its SGOT and not SGPT because the O looks like an EMBOLUS)
256
Pulmonary

hemosiderosis: P-2306

has classically been characterized by the triad consisting of:

Remember as HIM osiderosis

Hemoptysis
Iron-deficiency anemia
Multiple alveolar infiltrates on chest radiographs
257
Pulmonary
Hypertension:
Triad of PH:
Page 372

vasoconstriction Remember

3C
cell proliferation or

PHC
clot (thrombosis)

258
Preeclampsia:
Remember as PREeclampsia:

Proteinuria Page-40

Raised blood pressure

Edema
259
PRIMARY
HYPERALDOSTERONISM

3H
(PHA)
Triad of PHA is : Page 369

Hypertension
Hypokalaemia
Hypersecretion of aldosterone

260
 Triad of

Primary systemic
amyloidosis: Page 366

Remember as

Carpal Tonguel Skindrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Tongue-large(macroglossia)
Skin lesions(mucocutaneous)
261
Pro- opiomelanocortin
deficiency syndrome

Pro-opiomelanocortin(POMC) gene mutations;

clinical triad:
19th ed
Page 1926
early-onset Obesity

Red hair Pigmentation

I
Adrenal nsufficiency
262
 Prostatic
Hypertrophy
PAGE 357

The triad of : Remember as

Slow Stream ProSTATIC(SLOW)

Hesitancy Hypertrophic
Terminal Dribbling Disease

263
Triad of:

Psoas
Abscess
Remember 3F
Fever Page 661

Flank pain
Flexion of the hip joint
264
 Acute renal infection

( Pyelonephritis)
presents as a classic triad of:
loin pain, fever and tenderness over the kidneys.

PP 23rd ed page 430

Pyrexia
Pain & tenderness over loin

265
 Triad of

QUINSY (PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS) Page 734

Imagine that POTATO is the QUEEN of vegetables

Remember the word:

HUT POTATO VOICE

Triad of:
H=HOT POTATO VOICE(dysphonia)
U=UVULA DEVIATION
T=TRISMUS
266
Ramsay--Hunt syndrome
(Herpes zoster oticus)
PAGE 104
classic triad of :
ipsilateral facial paralysis, otalgia, and vesicles in the auditory canal

Imagine a Hunter named Ramsay ..

He saw vesicles in ear of a person…..
He uses his arrow to break it…
As the arrow pierces the vesicle he gets OTALGIA.
And this injury causes facial nerve palsy

267
Raynaud
phenomenon : PAGE 617

R=RUSSIA…R=RAYNAUD…..note the sequence of colors in Russian flag

In 1874, Maurice Raynaud, while still a medical student, described a triad of :

episodic pallor(WHITE),cyanosis(BLUE), and erythema(RED)
after exposure to cold stress(Russia is a COLD country);
the term Raynaud phenomenon describes this clinical triad

268
 P-1272

#REITER #REACTIVE ARTHRITIS

269
 RVT vs
RCC vs
Nephroblastoma
Remember the word HuMP……HuMP represents the MASS seen in all the three
Renal Vein Thrombosis Renal Cell Carcinoma Nephroblastoma
Hematuria Hematuria Hematuria
Mass (palpable abdominal) Mass (loin) Mass (abdominal)
Platelet low
(Thrombocytopenia)
Pain (loin) Pyrexia(fever)
Ref: Bailey & Love(surgery)
27th ed page 1417
Note that HEMATURIA & MASS are common for both….
Thrombocytopenia is a feature of renal vein Thrombosis
Loin PAIN is a feature of RCC….
Pyrexia for nephroblastoma(Wilm’s tumor)
270
 Retinitis
Pigmentosa

Triad can be remembered as P-REE-TH

P=PALE OPTIC DISC(WAXY PALLOR)
RE=RETINAL PIGMENTATION(BONE SPICULE LIKE)
TH=THIN BLOOD VESSELS(ARTERIOLAR ATTENUATION)
PAGE 257
271
Retroperitoneal
.
Fibrosis:
Retro & uretero can be linked…
So triad is related to ureter
Also note that RETROPERITONEAL FIBROSIS is managed by a doctor having M.Ch degree

Medial deviation of middle 1/3rd of ureter

Extrinsic ureteral Compression
Hydroureteronephrosis Page 720

272
Reye’s
syndrome: PAGE 1077

FaTT-E
We all know that it’s a cause for FATTY LIVER….
So just remember :

It’s a post infectious triad of:

Fatty liver degeneration

Transaminase Elevation
Encephalopathy
273
Biochemical triad of

Rickets/Osteomalacia:
Remember as :

Alcaline phosphatase
Calcium: Normal or low

Alkaline phosphatase: Increased You can also remember it

Phosphorus: Below 4 mg/dl as RICKY Ponting’s CAP

Note that Alkaline phosphatase is always increased

Medical Disorders in Obstetric Practice - Page 467 274
 #RMSF

P-1624
Clinical triad of:

Remember FISH
Fever imagine an aquarium…
Note the ROCKY
MOUNTAIN…
Skin rash & SPOT the
FISH in water.
Headache Page 525
observed in 58% of pediatric patients
According to HARRISON’S textbook History of tick exposure is included as part of the triad instead of headache

275
Ruptured
Aortic Aneurysm:
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm is a surgical emergency; it should be
suspected in a patient with the triad of :

Page 964
Imagine a pulsatile HuMP in the abdomen

Hypotension
pulsatile abdominal Mass

severe abdominal and/or back Pain

276
The triad of signs of a

RUPtured
bulbous urethra : Page 1041

Retention of urine
Urethral haemorrhage
(Blood in external meatus )

Perinealhematoma
277
 Page 645

#SAINT’S TRIAD

278
Page 194 #SAMTER #NASAL POLYP #ASTHMA #ASPIRIN SENSITIVITY

279
Pancreatic
. panniculitis
(Schmid's triad)

In pancreatic panniculitis, erythematous, edematous subcutaneous

nodules develop, most often on the legs but also on the abdomen, chest,
arms, and scalp. Its association with polyarthritis and eosinophilia is
known as Schmid's triad, and is associated with a poor prognosis.

Remember 3P
Pancreatic Panniculitis
Polyarthritis
Peripheral Eosinophilia
Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology 280
 Schwartz- Jampel
Syndrome P-200

CMUA(continuous motor unit activity) of the face is the main

feature producing a characteristic triad of:

Imagine EYES ,MOUTH &CHIN are JAMMED in JAMPEL syndrome

Eyes jammed:
Blepharophimosis(narrow palpebral fissure)
Lips jammed:
Pursing of the mouth
Chin jammed:
Puckering of the chin

281
SEPSIS TRIAD:
Remember:

SEPCIS
Page 464

C=Coagulation activation
I=Inflammation
S=Supressed fibrinolysis
282
Septo-Optic
Dysplasia
Septum pellucidum absent
10th ed p861

Optic nerve hypoplasia

Dysfunction of Pituitary gland
The diagnosis of SOD is made when two or more features of the triad are present

283
The
Page 192

Serotonin syndrome
Can be remembered as SIR-OTONIN syndrome…..
SIR is a title for MAN……..
Or just remember the word MANSAROVAR

Mental status changes

(e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, coma),

Autonomic instability
(e.g., tachycardia, labile BP, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), and
Neuromuscular Symptoms
(e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination)

284
Complications Of
Severe Malnutrition:
Hypoglycemia, hypothermia and infection

Imagine MALNOURISHED HIPPO & TIGER

Hippo =Hypo
T=HYPO-Thermia
I=Infection Page-100
G=HYPO-Glycemia
285
Sézary syndrome
.

It is defined as the presence of a clinical triad consisting of generalized

exfoliative erythroderma, peripheral lymphadenopathy, and atypical
mononuclear cells (Sézary cells) comprising 5% or more of peripheral blood
lymphocytes on a buffy coat smear, or more than 20% of total lymphocyte
count, or a total Sézary count of more than 1000 × 10 9 /L.

Remember as SLE- ZARY

P-175
Sezary cells
Lymphadenopathy
Exfoliative erythroderma
286
Shaken baby
syndrome:
SHER =TIGER in Hindi

Imagine a SHER SHAKING a BABY

Subdural Hematomas
Encephalopathy
Retinal hemorrhages Page 702
287
Shwachman-
Diamond P-317

syndrome
Triad of :
Remember SKIN & DIAMOND
Skeletal abnormalities
Insufficiency of exocrine pancreas Skin & diamond

Neutropenia 288
Sim's
triad:
remember

Sim’s SP Page 518

Sim’s SPeculum
Sim’s Silver wire
Sim’s Position
289
Sjogren’s
.

Syndrome: SJO & SOJA can be changed…

This syndrome consists of clinical triad — SOJA & sleep can be connected
(i) dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca), if you know hindi……
(ii) dry mouth (xerostomia) and SLEEP & DREAM are connected
(iii) rheumatoid arthritis.
remember

DREAM Page 315

DRy Eyes And Mouth

Also note that REAM sounds like RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
290
Sjogren-Larsson
syndrome
(SLS)
is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by a triad of:

Remember as (Slow Learning Speed)

Intellectual Disability PAGE 599

Ichthyosis(congenital)
Diplegia (spastic)
Intellectual Disability
291
Triad of
Skeletal muscle:
(in physiology)-

Page 102

PAIR of terminal cisterns in close apposition to the T-tubule running

transversly across a myofibril of skeletal muscle…

Terminal Cistern-------T-tubule---------Terminal cistern

292
Spasmus

Nutans
Nodding
Page 36

Head
Head Tilting(Torticollis)
NyStagmus
293
SPINAL
EPIDURAL
ABSCESS
Page 99
triad of

Pain
Pyrexia
Progressive limb weakness
294
 Triad of

Strongyloidiasis
Remember that

DABUR
chyawanprash
makes you
STRONG 23rd ed page 289

The classic triad of symptoms consists of:

Diarrhoea ----Abdominal Pain-----Urticaria

295
Sturge -Weber
Syndrome:
(encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
Triad Of:
capillary malformation in ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve,
eye and brain abnormalities. Page 282

Remember as
VVEBer
Vascular malformation in the distribution of V1
(Port-Wine stain)

Eye abnormalities
(Glaucoma)
Brain abnormalities
(ipsilateral leptomeningeal angiomatosis (LAM))
296
Submucosal
FURROW IN SOFT PALATE NOTCH IN HARD PALATE

Cleft P-1902

Palate
BIFID UVULA
Triad of:
bifid uvula (large arrow)/furrow along the midline of the soft palate (arrowheads),and
a notch in the posterior margin of the hard palate (small arrow).

Remember as SHUB-MUCOSAL CLEFT PALATE

S =SOFT PALATE FURROW
H =HARD PALATE NOTCH
UB =UVULA BIFID
297
Susac syndrome
Also known as SICRET syndrome

Small Infarctions of:

Page 290
Cochlear(Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss)

Retinal(Branch retinal arterial occlusions )

Encephalic Tissue ( Acute or subacute encephalopathy)

298
Surgical
.
Page 697

Triad:
Measure thrice M looks like 3

think twice T=T

cut once OPEN ONCE

299
 Sydenham
chorea
Triad can be remembered by taking some letters from

CHOREA 2nd ed page 191

Chorea
Hypotonia
Emotional lability
Sydenham’s chorea or St. Vitus dance characteristically consists of
the triad of chorea, hypotonia and emotional lability.

300
 Triad of

Systemic Sclerosis
widespread capillary loss
obliterative microangiopathy
fibrosis in the skin and internal organs. P-2550

Just remember the SYMMETRY of 2S

Imagine an OWL & its reflection & appreciate the symmetry

S
OWL WL=Widespread Loss of capillaries
OM=Obliterative Microangiopathy
F=Fibrosis

S
301
Terrible Triad
of the elbow PAGE 2874

elbow dislocation
A notoriously unstable injury is the

with associated fractures of the radial head and

coronoid process of the ulna.

Remember as C#R#NO ED
C#=Coronoid process #
R#=Radial head #
No=Nothing
ED=Elbow Dislocation

302
 The clinical diagnostic triad of

Testicular
Torsion
Note that Testicular torsion is a PAINFUL condition & therefore the patient will say AAH…

Acute scrotal pain (PAIN=AAH)

Absent cremasteric reflex

High-riding testis
Advances in Pediatrics - Page 1466
303
“Tetanic triad”
Can be remembered as :

ROSE from the movie TITANIC

Triad 1 Triad 2

Risus sardonicus Rigidity

OpisthOnOnOus posture aut(Sounds
OnOmic instability
like Otonomic)

S pasm of lower jaw S pasm

(lock jaw/trismus) Rose

Linz's Comprehensive Respiratory Diseases - Page 103

https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Clostridium_tetani_(Tetanus)#:~:text=The%20classical%20%E2%80%9Ctetan
ic%20triad%E2%80%9D%20of,all%20muscles%20in%20the%20body 304
The classic radiographic triad of

Thoracic
Actinomycosis :
Imagine that Actinomycosis CHEWS the lungs & ribs

Chronic lower lobe pulmonary consolidation

Empyema
Wavy periostitis of the ribs
Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 20th edition- Page 1353

305
Tillaux triad
Mesenteric cyst Page 722

Imagine TILLING in the MUD with a mesentery

Swelling Moves perpendicular to

mesentry freely…

Soft fluctuant swelling in the

Umbilical region…

Central area of Dullness with

Zone of resonance all around

306
TRAUMA
TRIAD OF DEATH:
Following a trauma, protracted surgery in physiologically unstable patient,
the three factors that carry high mortality are:

Hypothermia(COLD)
Coagulopathy(BLOODED) PAGE 326

Metabolic Acidosis (Murder)

Remember Cold Blooded Murder
COLD=HYPOTHERMIA ………BLOODED=BLEEDING DEFECTS(COAGULOPATHY)..M=MA

307
 Tracheobronchial
Foreign Body(TFB):
Cough, wheeze and diminished air entry to lung forms a “triad”

Imagine that a COW ENTERING inside a home

is like a foreign body entering a trachea or bronchus

Page 366

CO-W ENTRY
Cough
Wheeze
Diminished air ENTRY

308
Trilogy of Fallot
Remember the sentence TREE FALL in APRIL

ASD
(Atrial Septal Defect)
PS
(Pulmonary Stenosis)
RVH
(Right Ventricular Hypertrophy)

TREE FALL=TRILOGY of FALLOT

APRIL=A=ASD……P=PS....R=RVH
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/558824
309
 TRIPLE TEST
For the second trimester screening remember the quad test...& triple test ....

QUAD test can be remembered as DUBAI

DOWN SYNDROME=UNCONJUGATED ESTRIOL+BETA HCG+AFP(maternal serum)+INHIBIN)
(

IF YOU REMOVE INHIBIN FROM QUAD TEST IT BECOMES TRIPLE TEST....

note that HCG is HIGH &INHIBIN INCREASES IN DOWN SYNDROME......

Ward Rounds in Obstetrics & Gynecology - Page 219

310
Thiamine-responsive
megaloblastic anemia
(TRMA)syndrome:
Rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by triad of

Sensorineural hearing loss Page 326

Diabetes mellitus
Megaloblastic Anemia
SADMA means TRauMA in Hindi

311
Page 285 #TROTTER #NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

312
Trousseau’s
triad:

Remember as
Page 387
TROU-CC-EAU
TROU=THROmbophlebitis (migratory) (aka TROUsseau sign)
C=Carcinoma pancreas
C=Consumption coagulopathy

313
http://smj.sma.org.sg/5202/5202pe1.pdf
314
TUMOR LYSIS
SYNDROME:
Classic triad:
hyperuricemia, tUUUUUUUmor lysis syndrome
hyperkalemia,
hyperphosphatemia.

Remember UP is UP
U RIC ACID / P P
OTASSIUM/ UP=INCREASED
HOSPHATE=

Comprehensive Pediatric Hospital Medicine E-Book - Page 767

315
Infants with severe deficiencies of any of the

Urea cycle enzymes

present in the neonatal period with the classic triad of:

respiratory alkalosis
P 138

encephalopathy
elevated ammonia(Hyperammonemia)
316
 Triad of

Urethral

Diverticulum
Remember 3D
Dribbling of urine after voiding Page 247

Dysuria
Dyspareunia
317
#VIRCHOW

Page 125

318
 P-368

#NIACIN #3D
319
Triad of

Vitamin B 12
deficiency:

3H
Page 125

Huge ovalocytes(macroovalocytes)
Howell-jolly bodies
Hypersegmented neutrophils
320
 #VOGT #TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422(15)00108-8/fulltext

321
 Triad of

VHL syndrome
(Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome)
remember as

V L
Think of RCC when you visualize the kidneys in VHL…..
Retinal angiomatosis
Cerebellar hemangioblastoma
Cancer(b/l RCC-renal cell carcinoma )
Exam Preparatory Manual for Undergraduates: Pathology - Page 671 322
 Waddell’s
P-45

triad:
Head injury
intra-abdominal or
intra thoracic injury

Femur fracture

Imagine FIAT F=Femoral #

car causing IAT=Intra-Abdominal & Thoracic injury
HEAD INJURY HEAD INJURY

323
WEGENER’S
GRANULOMATOSIS
It is now called Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis & is characterized by a triad of:

granulomas of respiratory tract

Acute necrotizing

Necrotizing or granulomatous vasculitis,affecting vessels in lungs &

Focal necrotizing, often crescentic, glomerulonephritis

Remember as 3G
WG looks like 3G
Page 514
324
Weil’s Syndrome
(leptospirosis ):
P-1293
Triad of:

H I J K -L
• Hemorrhage L represents the
fact that it is seen in
• Jaundice Leptospirosis
• Kidney Injury(AKI)

325
 Page 2080

Page 365
lobal confusion

taxia
#WERNICKE ENCEPHALOPATHY
326
 WEST
syndrome
West =Vides in Hindi…..and can be connected to DES Page 555

Developmental regression
P-3098

EEG changes(hypsarrhythmia)
Spasms(infantile epileptic spasms)
327
 WHOOPING
COUGH
(PERTUSSIS) 2nd ed page 136

Just imagine a person falling into a WELL while coughing

Diagnostic Triad:

Whooping cough
(Paroxysmal cough followed by whoop and vomiting)
ESR decreased
Leucocytosis,Lymphocytosis
328
Wilson’s
disease
Hepatolenticular degeneration

the classic clinical triad of:

Page 144
LuCK
Liver disease Note that even though WILSON disease
is known as UNLUCKY disease…

LUCK
CNS involvement
It is connected with the word

K-F rings
329
WILSON DISEASE:
Note that the last 3 components UCK……
forms the diagnostic triad of WILSON’S disease
Also note that KF ring along with liver disease & CNS involvement
forms the clinical triad of WILSON’S disease
PAGE 449 330
 Page 428

#WISKOTT-ALDRICH
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4012343/#:~:text=Wiskott%E2%80
%93Aldrich%20syndrome%20(WAS),WAS%20has%20continued%20to%20increase

331
The clinical triad of

Whipple
Disease :
Weight Loss –Diarrhea--Arthralgia Page 794

Imagine this histopathological appearance

of Whipple’s disease& think of
Whipple’s Disease ART

332
Whipple’s triad
(insulinoma)

P-848

Watch this movie if you have not watched it yet

LOW plasma glucose (<60 mg%)

ALLEVIATION of symptoms with IV glucose
SYMPTOMS of HYPOGLYCEMIA
333
 #WPW SYNDROME

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6932617/
Mediwood
by Dr Naveen Koval
334
Wunderlich
syndrome
is a rare clinical syndrome of spontaneous nontraumatic renal subcapsular
and retroperitoneal hemorrhage

It’s associated with

Lenk's Triad: 3F
•1. Acute flank pain (FLENK PAIN)
•2. Flank mass (FLENK MASS)
•3. Hypovolemic shock(FLUID LOSS SHOCK)

https://radiopaedia.org/articles/wunderlich-syndrome
335
X-linked lymphoproliferative
syndrome:
a genetic condition typified by the triad of :

Infection
Immunodeficiency
XL
2 lines in X can be split up as I I

Lymphoma
P-1111
IIL
336
YELLOW
FEVER:
classic triad of :
YELLOW
Connect

with BJP

Bleeding diathesis
Jaundice
Proteinuria(albuminuria)
Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious ... - Page 2275
337
Yellow nail
Syndrome P-425

triad of lymphoedema of the extremities, deformed yellow nails, pleural effusion

Yellow nails
Effusion(pleural)
Lymphoedema
338
 Young's
Triad of

syndrome-
Page 103

Azoospermia
Bronchiectasis Young man with ABS

Sinusitis
339
Zinn er’s
syndrome
first described in 1914, refers to a triad of:

ejaculatory duct obstruction

unilateral (mostly ipsilateral) renal agenesis.

seminal vesicle cysts

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32991910/
340
Zollinger-Ellison
syndrome Remember

which consist of triad:

GUT
Gastric acid hypersecretion
23rd ed page 802

peptic Ulceration
Tumor
( a neuro-endocrine tumour of the pancreas or duodenum (‘gastrinoma’))

341
 Triad of

Success
Remember 3S of success
Smart study
https://t.me/pediatricmcqs
Self belief https://www.youtube.com/channel/
UCimXIAXjHQtRAT-jKODDMDg

Start following Mediwood

Here are the links….

https://www.instagram.com/invites/contac
t/?i=1rc0yho1s4m7c&utm_content=ix54kgf
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342
Animal
Planet
A collection of all the animal
eponyms,signs &syndromes..

COMING SOON
only on
https://t.me/pediatricmcqs

343