1 (a) State an example of the conversion of chemical energy to another form of energy.

example ...........................................................................................................................

energy conversion ....................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The electrical output of a solar panel powers a pump. The pump operates a water
fountain. The output of the solar panel is 17 V and the current supplied to the pump is
0.27 A.

(i) Calculate the electrical power generated by the solar panel.

power = ................................................. [2]

(ii) The pump converts electrical energy to kinetic energy of water with an efficiency
of 35%.

Calculate the kinetic energy of the water delivered by the pump in 1 second.

kinetic energy = ................................................. [2]

(iii) The pump propels 0.00014 m3 of water per second. This water rises vertically as a
jet. The density of water is 1000 kg / m3.

Calculate

1. the mass of water propelled by the pump in 1 second,

mass = ................................................. [2]

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 2. the maximum height of the jet of water.

maximum height = ................................................. [2]

[Total: 9]

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2 40 lamps, each of resistance 8.0Ω, are connected in series to a 240 V supply in order to
decorate a tree.

(a) Calculate

(i) the current in each lamp,

current = ................................................. [2]

(ii) the power dissipated in each lamp.

power = ................................................. [2]

(b) The lamps are designed to “fail-short”. If a filament fails, the lamp shorts so that it has
no resistance. The other lamps continue to light and the current increases.

The lamps are connected through a fuse that blows when the current rises above
0.9 A. At this current, the resistance of each lamp is 5% greater than its normal working
resistance.

Calculate the maximum number of lamps that can fail before the fuse blows.

number of lamps = ................................................. [4]

[Total: 8]

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3 (a) In Fig. 8.1, a magnet is moving towards one end of a solenoid connected to a sensitive centre-
zero meter. During this movement a current is induced in the solenoid.

S N

Fig. 8.1

Suggest three possible changes to the system in Fig. 8.1 that would increase the induced
current.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................

3. ...........................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) Fig. 8.2 shows a transformer. P is the primary coil. S is the secondary coil. The coils are
wound on an iron core.

P S

Fig. 8.2

P has 200 turns and S has 800 turns. The e.m.f. induced across S is 24 V. The current in S is
0.50 A. The transformer operates with 100% efficiency.

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 Calculate

(i) the voltage of the supply to P,

voltage = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) the current in P.

current = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 7]

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4 The circuit shown in Fig. 10.1 uses a 12 V battery.

12 V

16
8

S

Fig. 10.1

(a) Switch S is open, as shown in Fig. 10.1.

State the value of

(i) the reading on the ammeter,

reading = ................................................ [1]

(ii) the potential difference (p.d.) across S.

p.d. = ................................................ [1]

(b) Switch S is now closed.

(i) Calculate the current in the ammeter.

current = ................................................ [2]

(ii) Calculate the p.d. across the 8
resistor.

p.d. = ................................................ [2]

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(c) The two resistors are now connected in parallel.

Calculate the new reading on the ammeter when S is closed, stating clearly any
equations that you use.

reading = ................................................ [4]

[Total: 10]

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 1 Fig. 8.1 is the plan of a small apartment that has four lamps as shown.

100 W
kitchen
2 × 60 W
living room
60 W
bathroom

Fig. 8.1

Power for the lamps is supplied at 200 V a.c. and the lamps are all in parallel.

(a) In the space below, draw a lighting circuit diagram so that there is one switch for each
room and one master switch that will turn off all the lamps. Label the lamps as 60 W or
100 W.

[3]

(b) The 100 W lamp is switched on. Calculate

(i) the current in the lamp,

current = ................................................ [2]

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 (ii) the charge passing through the lamp in one minute.

charge = ................................................ [2]

(c) The three 60 W lamps are replaced by three energy-saving ones, that give the same
light output but are rated at only 15 W each.

Calculate

(i) the total reduction in power,

reduction in power = ................................................ [1]

(ii) the energy saved when the lamps are lit for one hour.

energy saved = ................................................. [2]

[Total: 10]

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 Fig. 8.1 shows a car battery being charged from a 200 V a.c. mains supply.

car
200 V ~ battery

Fig. 8.1

(a) State the function of the diode.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The average charging current is 2.0 A and the battery takes 12 hours to charge fully.

Calculate the charge that the battery stores when fully charged.

charge stored ................................................ [2]

(c) The battery has an electromotive force (e.m.f.) of 12 V and, when connected to a circuit,
supplies energy to the circuit components.

State what is meant by an electromotive force of 12 V.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

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 (d) (i) In the space below, draw a circuit diagram to show how two 6.0 V lamps should be
connected to a 12 V battery so that both lamps glow with normal brightness. [1]

(ii) The power of each lamp is 8.0 W. Calculate the current in the circuit.

current = ................................................. [2]

(iii) Calculate the energy used by the two lamps when both are lit for one hour.

energy = ................................................ [2]

[Total: 10]

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3 Fig. 8.1 shows a low-voltage lighting circuit.

12 V d.c.
supply

Fig. 8.1

(a) On Fig. 8.1, indicate with a dot and the letter S, a point in the circuit where a switch
could be placed that would turn off lamps Y and Z at the same time but would leave
lamp X still lit. [1]

(b) (i) In the space below, draw the circuit symbol for a component that would vary the
brightness of lamp X.

(ii) On Fig. 8.1, mark with a dot and the letter R where this component should be
placed.
[2]

(c) Calculate the current in lamp Y.

current = ........................[2]

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 (d) The current in lamp Z is 3.0 A. Calculate the resistance of this lamp.

resistance = ........................[2]

(e) The lamp Y is removed.

(i) Why do lamps X and Z still work normally?

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) The current in lamp X is 1.0 A. Calculate the current supplied by the battery with
lamp Y removed.

current = ............................
[2]

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