7VK61xx Manual A5 V042100 en
7VK61xx Manual A5 V042100 en
7VK61xx Manual A5 V042100 en
Table of Contents
SIPROTEC 4 Introduction 1
Breaker Management Functions 2
Device 7VK61
Mounting and Commissioning 3
V4.7 and higher Technical Data 4
Ordering Information and Accessories A
Manual
Terminal Assignments B
Connection Examples C
Default Settings and Protocol-dependent
Functions D
Functions, Settings, Information E
Literature
Glossary
Index
C53000-G1176-C159-5
NOTE
i For your own safety, observe the warnings and safety instructions contained in this document, if available.
• As well as a compilation of the most significant data for advanced users → Appendix.
General information with regard to design, configuration, and operation of SIPROTEC 4 devices are set out in
the /1/ SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
Target Audience
Protection-system engineers, commissioning engineers, persons entrusted with the setting, testing and main-
tenance of selective protection, automation and control equipment, and operating personnel in electrical
installations and power plants.
This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communities on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility
(EMC Council Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning electrical equipment for use within
specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 2006/95 EC).
This conformity is proved by tests conducted by Siemens AG in accordance with the Council
Directives in agreement with the generic standards EN61000-6-2 and EN 61000-6-4 for the
EMC directive, and with the standard EN 60255-27 for the low-voltage directive.
The device has been designed and produced for industrial use.
The product conforms with the international standard of the series IEC 60255 and the German
standard VDE 0435.
[ul-schutz-110602-kn, 1, --_--]
Additional Support
For questions about the system, please contact your Siemens sales partner.
Support
Our Customer Support Centre provides a 24-hour service.
Tel: +49 (180) 524-7000
Fax: +49 (180) 524-2471
E-Mail: support.energy@siemens.com
Training Courses
Inquiries regarding individual training courses should be addressed to our Training Centre:
Siemens AG
Siemens Power Academy TD
Humboldtstraße 59
90459 Nürnberg
Germany
Notes on Safety
This document is not a complete index of all safety measures required for operation of the equipment (module
or device). However, it comprises important information that must be followed for personal safety, as well as
to avoid material damage. Information is highlighted and illustrated as follows according to the degree of
danger:
! DANGER
DANGER means that death or severe injury will result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries.
! WARNING
WARNING means that death or severe injury may result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries.
! CAUTION
CAUTION means that medium-severe or slight injuries can occur if the specified measures are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid moderate or minor injuries.
NOTICE
NOTICE means that property damage can result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid property damage.
NOTE
i Important information about the product, product handling or a certain section of the documentation
which must be given particular attention.
Proper Use
The equipment (device, module) may be used only for such applications as set out in the catalogs and the
technical description, and only in combination with third-party equipment recommended and approved by
Siemens.
Problem-free and safe operation of the product depends on the following:
• Proper transport
• Proper storage, setup and installation
• Hazardous voltages may be present in equipment even after the supply voltage has been disconnected
(capacitors can still be charged).
• Operation of equipment with exposed current-transformer circuits is prohibited. Before disconnecting the
equipment, ensure that the current-transformer circuits are short-circuited.
• The limiting values stated in the document must not be exceeded. This must also be considered during
testing and commissioning.
Indications
Designators for information, which may be output by the relay or required from other devices or from the
switch gear, are marked in a monospace type style in quotation marks.
Deviations may be permitted in drawings and tables when the type of designator can be obviously derived
from the illustration.
The following symbols are used in drawings:
Besides these, graphical symbols are used in accordance with IEC 60617-12 and IEC 60617-13 or similar.
Some of the most frequently used are listed below:
Static memory (SR flipflop) with setting input (S), resetting input (R),
output (Q) and inverted output (Q), setting input dominant
Static memory (RS-flipflop) with setting input (S), resetting input (R),
output (Q) and inverted output (Q), resetting input dominant
The product contains, among other things, Open Source Software developed by third parties. The Open
Source Software used in the product and the license agreements concerning this software can be found in the
Readme_OSS. These Open Source Software files are protected by copyright. Your compliance with those
license conditions will entitle you to use the Open Source Software as foreseen in the relevant license. In the
event of conflicts between Siemens license conditions and the Open Source Software license conditions, the
Open Source Software conditions shall prevail with respect to the Open Source Software portions of the soft-
ware. The Open Source Software is licensed royalty-free. Insofar as the applicable Open Source Software
License Conditions provide for it you can order the source code of the Open Source Software from your
Siemens sales contact - against payment of the shipping and handling charges - for a period of at least 3 years
since purchase of the Product. We are liable for the Product including the Open Source Software contained in
it pursuant to the license conditions applicable to the Product. Any liability for the Open Source Software
beyond the program flow intended for the Product is explicitly excluded. Furthermore any liability for defects
resulting from modifications to the Open Source Software by you or third parties is excluded. We do not
provide any technical support for the Product if it has been modified.
Preface.......................................................................................................................................................... 3
1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................17
1.1 Overall Operation..............................................................................................................18
1.2 Application Scope............................................................................................................. 20
1.3 Characteristics.................................................................................................................. 22
2 Functions.................................................................................................................................................... 25
2.1 General ............................................................................................................................26
2.1.1 Functional Scope......................................................................................................... 26
2.1.1.1 Configuration of the Scope of Functions ................................................................ 26
2.1.1.2 Setting Notes......................................................................................................... 26
2.1.1.3 Settings................................................................................................................. 27
2.1.2 Device......................................................................................................................... 28
2.1.2.1 Trip-Dependent Indications.................................................................................... 28
2.1.2.2 Setting Notes......................................................................................................... 29
2.1.2.3 Settings................................................................................................................. 30
2.1.2.4 Information List..................................................................................................... 30
2.1.3 Power System Data 1................................................................................................... 31
2.1.3.1 Setting Notes......................................................................................................... 32
2.1.3.2 Settings................................................................................................................. 35
2.1.4 Change Group............................................................................................................. 36
2.1.4.1 Purpose of the Setting Groups................................................................................ 36
2.1.4.2 Setting Notes......................................................................................................... 37
2.1.4.3 Settings................................................................................................................. 37
2.1.4.4 Information List..................................................................................................... 37
2.1.5 Power System Data 2................................................................................................... 37
2.1.5.1 Setting Notes......................................................................................................... 37
2.1.5.2 Settings................................................................................................................. 39
2.1.5.3 Information List..................................................................................................... 40
2.1.6 Oscillographic Fault Records........................................................................................ 41
2.1.6.1 Functional Description........................................................................................... 41
2.1.6.2 Setting Notes......................................................................................................... 41
2.1.6.3 Settings................................................................................................................. 42
2.1.6.4 Information List..................................................................................................... 42
2.1.7 Ethernet EN100-Module.............................................................................................. 42
2.1.7.1 Functional Description........................................................................................... 42
2.1.7.2 Setting Notes......................................................................................................... 42
2.1.7.3 Information List..................................................................................................... 43
2.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional)............................................................................ 44
2.2.1 Functional Description................................................................................................. 44
2.2.2 Setting Notes...............................................................................................................58
2.2.3 Settings.......................................................................................................................64
Literature.................................................................................................................................................. 345
Glossary.................................................................................................................................................... 347
Index.........................................................................................................................................................357
The SIPROTEC 4 device 7VK61 is introduced in this chapter. The device is presented in its application, charac-
teristics, and functional scope.
1.1 Overall Operation 18
1.2 Application Scope 20
1.3 Characteristics 22
Analog Inputs
The measuring inputs (MI) transform the currents and voltages from the instrument transformers and match
them to the internal signal levels for processing in the device. The device has 4 current inputs and 4 voltage
inputs. Three current inputs are provided for measuring the phase currents, a further measuring input (Ι4) can
be configured to detect the earth current (CT starpoint) or a separate earth current transformer. The analog
input quantities are passed on to the input amplifiers (IA).
[hw-struktur-7vk61-oz-251102, 1, en_GB]
A voltage measuring input is provided for each phase-earth voltage. A further voltage input (U4) may be
selected to measure either the displacement voltage, or the additional voltage for synchronism and voltage
check or for any other voltage UX (for overvoltage protection). The analogue values are transferred to the IA
input amplifier group.
The input amplifier group IA provides high-resistance termination for the analog input quantities. It consists of
filters that are optimized for measured value processing with regard to bandwidth and processing speed.
The AD analog-to-digital converter group contains analog/digital converters and memory chips for data
transfer to the microcomputer system.
Microcomputer System
Apart from processing the measured values, the microcomputer system µC also executes the actual protection
and control functions. This especially includes:
• Filtering and conditioning of the measured signals
• Continuous monitoring of the measured quantities
• Administration of the operating system and its functions, e.g. data storage, realtime clock, communica-
tion, interfaces, etc.
The information is provided via output amplifier OA.
Front Elements
LEDs and an LC display provide information on the function of the device and indicate events, states and
measured values.
Integrated control and numeric keys in conjunction with the LCD facilitate local communication with the
device. Thus, all information of the device, e.g. configuration and setting parameters, operating and fault
messages, and measured values can be retrieved or changed (see also chapter 2 and SIPROTEC 4 System
Description).
Serial Interfaces
The serial operator interface in the front cover enables communication with a personal computer when using
the DIGSI operating program. This allows all device functions to be handled conveniently.
The serial service interface can also be used for communication with a personal computer using DIGSI. This
port is especially well suited for a permanent connection of the devices to the PC or for operation via a
modem.
All device data can be transmitted to a control center through the serial system interface. Various protocols
and physical arrangements are available for this interface to suit a particular application.
An additional interface is provided for time synchronization of the internal clock through external synchroniza-
tion sources.
Further communication protocols can be realized via additional interface modules.
Power Supply
The functional units described are powered by a power supply, PS, with adequate power in the different
voltage levels. Brief supply voltage dips which may occur during short circuits in the auxiliary voltage supply of
the substation, are usually bridged by a capacitor (see also Technical Data, Section 4.1 General).
Protective Functions
The 7VK61 features the following basic functions:
• Auto-Reclose function
• Synchronism and Voltage Check
• Under/Overvoltage Protection
• Backup overcurrent
Control Functions
The device is equipped with control functions which operate, close and open, switchgear devices via control
keys, the system interface, binary inputs and a PC with DIGSI software. The status of the primary equipment
can be transmitted to the device via auxiliary contacts connected to binary inputs. The present status (or posi-
tion) of the primary equipment can be displayed on the device, and used for interlocking or plausibility moni-
toring. The number of the devices to be switched is limited by the binary inputs and outputs available in the
device or the binary inputs and outputs allocated for the switch position feedbacks. Depending on the mode
of operation, one binary input (single point indication) or two binary inputs (double point indication) can be
used. The capability of switching primary equipment can be restricted by appropriate settings for the
switching authority (remote or local), and by the operating mode (interlocked/non-interlocked, with or
without password validation). Interlocking conditions for switching (e.g. switchgear interlocking) can be
established using the integrated userdefined logic.
During a fault (system fault) important events and changes in conditions are saved in fault logs. Instantaneous
fault values are also saved in the device and may be analyzed at a later time.
Communication
Serial interfaces are available for the communication with operating, control and memory systems.
A 9-pin DSUB socket on the front panel is used for local communication with a personal computer. By means
of the SIPROTEC 4 operating software DIGSI, all operational and evaluation tasks can be executed via this oper-
ator interface, such as specifying and modifying configuration parameters and settings, configuring userspe-
cific logic functions, retrieving operational and fault messages and measured values, reading out and
displaying fault recordings, inquiring device conditions and measured values, issuing control commands.
To establish an extensive communication with other digital operating, control and memory components the
device may be provided with further interfaces depending on the order variant.
The service interface can be operated via the RS232 or RS485 interface and also allows communication via
modem. For this reason, remote operation is possible via PC and the DIGSI operating software, e.g. to operate
several devices via a central PC.
The system interface is used for central communication between the device and a control center. It can be
operated through the RS232, the RS485 or the FO port. Several standardized protocols are available for data
transmission. An EN 100 module allows integrating the devices into 100 MBit Ethernet communication
networks of the process control and automation system, using IEC 61850 protocols. In parallel to the link with
the process control and automation system, this interface can also handle DIGSI communication and inter-
relay communication using GOOSE messaging.
Another interface is provided for the time synchronization of the internal clock via external synchronization
sources (IRIG-B or DCF77).
1.3 Characteristics
General Features
• Complete digital processing of measured values and control, from the sampling and digitizing of the
measure quantities up to the closing and tripping commands to the circuit breakers
• Complete galvanic separation and interference immunity of the internal processing circuits from the
measurement, control, and power supply circuits by analog input transducers, binary inputs and outputs
and the DC/DC or AC/DC converters
• Simple device operation using the integrated operator panel or a connected personal computer with
operator guidance
• With separate action time setting for the first 4 reclose attempts, optionally without action times
• With separate dead times after 1-pole and 3-pole tripping, separate for the first four reclosure attempts
• Controlled optionally by protection pickup with separate dead times after 1-pole , 2-pole or 3-pole pickup
• Optionally with adaptive dead time, reduced dead time and dead line check
• Fast measurement of the voltage difference Udiff, the phase angle difference φdiff and the frequency
difference fdiff
• Closing at asynchronous system conditions with consideration of the CB closing time to achieve system
re-connection when voltages are in phase
• Verification of the synchronous conditions or de-energized state before manual closing of the circuit
breaker is possible with separate setting thresholds and states
• Two definite time stages (DT) and one inverse time stage (IDMT), each for phase currents and earth
current
• For inverse-time overcurrent protection select from various characteristics based on several standards
• Additional stage, e.g. stub protection, for fast tripping of faults between the current transformer and line
isolator (when the isolator switching status feedback is available); particularly well suited to substations
with 11/2 circuit breaker arrangements.
• With definite time current stages for monitoring the current flow through every pole of the circuit
breaker
• Single-stage or two-stage
• Two overvoltage stages for the zero sequence voltage or any other single-phase voltage
• Freely programmable combination of internal and external signals for the implementation of user-
defined logic functions
Command Processing
• Switchgear can be switched on and off manually via local control keys, the programmable function keys
on the front panel, via the system interface (e.g. by SICAM or LSA), or via the operator interface (using a
personal computer and the operating software DIGSI)
• Feedback on switching states via the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts (for commands with feedback)
• Monitoring of the circuit breaker position and of the interlocking conditions for switching operations.
Monitoring Functions
• Availability of the device is greatly increased because of self-monitoring of the internal measurement
circuits, power supply, hardware and software
• Monitoring of the current and voltage transformer secondary circuits by means of summation and
symmetry checks
Additional Functions
• Battery buffered real time clock, which may be synchronised via a synchronisation signal (e.g. DCF77,
IRIGB via satellite receiver), binary input or system interface
• Fault event memory (trip log) for the last eight network faults (faults in the power system), with real time
stamps
• Fault recording and data transfer for fault recording for a maximum time range of approx. 15 seconds
• Switching statistics: Counting of the trip and close commands issued by the device, as well as recording
of the fault current data and accumulation of the interrupted fault currents
• Communication with central control and memory components possible via serial interfaces (depending
on the options ordered), optionally via RS232, RS485, modem connection or fibre optic cable
• Commissioning aids such as connection and direction checks as well as circuit breaker test functions
This chapter describes the individual functions of the SIPROTEC 4 device 7VK61. It shows the setting possibili-
ties for each function in maximum configuration. Guidelines for establishing setting values and, where
required, formulae are given.
Based on the following information, it can also be determined which of the provided functions should be
used.
2.1 General 26
2.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional) 44
2.3 Overcurrent protection (optional) 69
2.4 Synchronism and voltage check (optional) 83
2.5 Under and over-voltage protection (optional) 97
2.6 Circuit breaker failure protection (optional) 115
2.7 Monitoring Functions 131
2.8 Function Control and Circuit Breaker Test 149
2.9 Auxiliary Functions 161
2.10 Command Processing 169
2.1 General
A few seconds after the device is switched on, the initial display appears in the LCD. A selection of measured
values is displayed.
Configuration of the device functions are made via the DIGSI software from your PC. The procedure is
described in detail in the SIPROTEC 4 System Description. Entry of password No. 7 (for setting modification) is
required to modify configuration settings. Without the password, the settings may be read, but may not be
modified and transferred to the device.
The function parameters, i.e. settings of function options, threshold values, etc., can be entered via the
keypad and display on the front of the device, or by means of a personal computer connected to the front or
service interface of the device utilizing the DIGSI software package. The level 5 password (individual parame-
ters) is required.
NOTE
i The functions and default settings available depend on the device version ordered.
Special Cases
If use of the setting group changeover function is desired, address 103 Grp Chge OPTION should be set to
Enabled. In this case, up to four different groups of settings may be changed (see also Section 2.1.4 Change
Group), quickly and easily during device operation. With the setting Disabled only one parameter group is
available.
Address 106 VT CONNECTION determines how the voltage transformers are connected. VT CONNECTION =
3phase implies that the three phase voltages are connected in wye connection. VT CONNECTION = 1phase
is selected, if the device is connected to only one voltage transformer. In this case, the voltage connected to
voltage input U4 is always interpreted as the voltage UUsy2 which is to be synchronized. Parameter 210 U4
transformer is then invariably set to Usy2 transf. and excludes other setting options. The parameter
212 Usy2 connection is then hidden. The setting VT CONNECTION = NO hides all voltage-relevant func-
tions and parameters.
Parameter 107 CT CONNECTION is set to configure the current transformer connection. If the default setting
CT CONNECTION = YES is active, all current-induced functions (current criterion of voltage protection, line
status detection, measurements of currents and power, current-induced measured value monitoring) are
operational. The setting CT CONNECTION = NO allows the device to be operated without any current trans-
former connection; all current-induced functions and parameters are then hidden.
Address 110 Trip mode is only valid for devices that can trip single-pole or three-pole. Set 1-/3pole to also
enable single-pole tripping, i.e. if you want to utilize single-pole or single-pole/three-pole automatic reclosure.
This requires that an internal automatic reclosure function exists or that an external reclosing device is used.
Furthermore, the circuit breaker must be capable of single-pole tripping.
All functions are set to Disabled by default. This has no effect on the presetting of LEDs, binary inputs and
binary outputs.
NOTE
i If you have changed address 110, save your changes first via OK and reopen the dialog box since the other
setting options depend on the selection in address 110.
If the device features an automatic reclosing function, address 133 and 134 are of importance. Automatic
reclosure is only permitted for overhead lines. It must not be used in any other case. If the protected object
consists of a combination of overhead lines and other equipment (e.g. overhead line in unit with a trans-
former or overhead line/cable), reclosure is only permissible if it can be ensured that it can only take place in
the event of a fault on the overhead line. If no automatic reclosing function is desired for the feeder at which
7VK61operates, or if an external device is used for reclosure, set address 133 Auto Reclose to Disabled.
Otherwise set the number of desired reclosing attempts there. You can select 1 AR-cycle to 8 AR-cycles.
You can also set ADT(adaptive dead times); in this case the behavior of the automatic reclosure function is
determined by the cycles of the remote end. The number of cycles must however be configured at least in one
of the line ends which must have a reliable infeed. The other end — or other ends, if there are more than two
line ends — may operate with adaptive dead time. Section provides detailed information on this topic
2.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional) .
The AR control mode at address 134 allows a total of four options. On the one hand, it can be determined
whether the auto reclose cycles are carried out according to the fault type detected by the pickup of the
starting protection function(s) (only for three-pole tripping) or according to the type of trip command. On the
other hand, the automatic reclosure function can be operated with or without action time.
The setting Trip with T-action / Trip without T-action ... (default setting = Trip with T-
action) is preferred if 1-polige or 1-/3-polige auto reclose cycles are provided for and possible. In this case,
different dead times (for every AR cycle) are possible after 1-pole tripping and after 3-pole tripping. The
protection function that issues the trip command determines the type of trip: 1-pole or 3-pole. The dead time
is controlled dependent on this.
The setting PICKUP. ... (With PICKUP ...) is only possible and visible, when only 3-pole tripping should occur,
i.e., only 3-pole tripping is configured (address 110 Trip mode = 3pole only, see above). In this case you
can set different dead times for the auto-reclose cycles following 1-, 2- and 3-phase. The decisive factor here is
the pickup situation of the protective functions at the instant the trip command disappears. This control mode
enables also the dead times to be made dependent on the type of fault in the case of three-pole reclosure
cycles. Tripping is always three-pole.
The setting ... and tact (with ... action time ) provides an action time for every reclose cycle. The action
time is started by a general pickup of all protection functions. If no trip command is present before the action
time expires, the corresponding reclosure cycle is not carried out. Section provides detailed information on
this topic 2.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional) . This setting is recommended for time-graded protec-
tion. If the protection function which is to operate with automatic reclosure, does not have a general pickup
signal for starting the action times, select Trip without T-action... (without action time).
For the trip circuit supervision set at address 140 Trip Cir. Sup. the number of trip circuits to be moni-
tored: 1 trip circuit, 2 trip circuits or 3 trip circuits, unless you omit it Disabled).
2.1.1.3 Settings
2.1.2 Device
The device requires some general information. This may be, for example, the type of indication to be issued in
the event a power system fault occurs.
For devices with graphic display, you can specify in address 615 Spont. FltDisp. whether a spontaneous
fault message appears automatically on the display (YES) or not (NO). For devices with text display such indi-
cations will appear anyway after a power system fault.
[logik-spondanmeld-display-081024, 1, en_GB]
NOTE
i Setting the address 610 FltDisp.LED/LCD to (Target on TRIP) only makes sense if address 625 T
MIN LED HOLD is set to 0.
[logik-ruecksetz-gesp-led-081024, 1, en_GB]
Fault Annunciations
Pickup of a new protection function generally turns off any previously set displays, so that only the latest fault
is displayed at any one time. It can be selected whether the stored LED displays and the spontaneous indica-
tions on the display appear upon renewed pickup, or only after a renewed trip signal is issued. In order to
enter the desired type of display, select the submenu General Device Settings in the SETTINGS menu. At
address 610 FltDisp.LED/LCD the two alternatives Target on PU and Target on TRIP (“No trip - no
flag”) are offered.
After startup of the device featuring a 4-line display, default measured values are displayed. Use the arrow
keys on the device front to select different measured value views to be used as the so-called default display.
The start page of the default display, which will open after each startup of the device, can be selected via
parameter 640 Start image DD. The available representation types for the measured value are listed in the
Appendix.
2.1.2.3 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
Addr. Parameter Setting Options Default Setting Comments
610 FltDisp.LED/LCD Target on PU Target on PU Fault Display on LED / LCD
Target on TRIP
625A T MIN LED HOLD 0 .. 60 min 0 min Minimum hold time of latched
LEDs
640 Start image DD image 1 image 1 Start image Default Display
image 2
image 3
image 4
image 5
image 6
The device requires some plant and power system data in order to be able to adapt its functions accordingly,
depending on the actual application. The data required include for instance rated data of the substation and
the measuring transformers, polarity and connection of the measured quantities, if necessary features of the
circuit breakers, and others. Furthermore, there are several function parameters associated with several func-
tions rather than one specific protection, control or monitoring function. The Power System Data 1 can only be
changed from a PC running DIGSI and are discussed in this section.
General
In DIGSI double-click on Settings to display the relevant selection. A dialog box with the tabs Transformers,
Power System and Breaker will open under Power System Data 1 in which you can configure the indi-
vidual parameters. The following subsections are structured in the same way.
[polung-stromwandler-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
Voltage Connection
The device features four voltage measuring inputs, three of which are connected to the set of voltage trans-
formers. Various possibilities exist for the fourth voltage input U4.
• Connection of the U4 input to the open delta winding Ue–n of the voltage transformer set:
Address 210 is then set to: U4 transformer = Udelta transf..
When connected to the e-n winding of a set of voltage transformers, the voltage transformation ratio of
the voltage transformers is usually:
The factor Uph/Udelta (secondary voltage, address 211 Uph / Udelta) must be set to 3/√3 = √3 ≈ 1.73.
For other transformation ratios, e.g. the formation of the displacement voltage via an interconnected
transformer set, the factor must be corrected accordingly. This factor is important for monitoring the
measured values and the scaling of the measured values and fault recording values.
The transformer vector group is defined from the high voltage side to the low voltage side. In this
example, the feeder transformers are those of the low voltage side of the transformer. Since the device
“looks” from the direction of the feeder transformers, the angle is 5 · 30° (according to the vector group)
negative, i.e. - 150°. A positive angle is obtained by adding 360°: Address 214: ϕ Usy2-Usy1 = 360° - 150°
= 210°.
Adresse 214: φ Usy2-Usy1 = 360° - 150° = 210°.
The busbar transformers supply 110 V secondary for primary operation at nominal value while the feeder
transformers supply 100 V secondary. Therefore, this difference must be balanced:
Address 215: Usy1/Usy2 ratio = 100 V/110 V = 0,91.
[sammelschienespg-trafo-wlk-200802, 1, en_GB]
• Connection of the U4 input to any other voltage UX, which can be processed by the overvoltage protec-
tion function:
Address 210 is then set to: U4 transformer = Ux transformer.
Current Connection
The device features four current measurement inputs, three of which are connected to the set of current
transformers. Various possibilities exist for the fourth current input Ι4:
• Connection of the Ι4 input to the earth current in the starpoint of the set of current transformers on the
protected feeder (normal connection):
Address 220 is then set to: I4 transformer = In prot. line and address 221 I4/Iph CT = 1.
• Connection of the Ι4 input to a separate earth current transformer on the protected feeder (e.g. a
summation CT or core balance CT):
Address 220 is then set to: I4 transformer = In prot. line and address 221 I4/Iph CT is set:
[uebersetzung-erd-phase-260702-wlk, 1, en_GB]
Example:
Phase current transformers 500 A / 5 A
Earth current transformer 60 A / 1 A
[formel-strmwdl-parallelschlt-270702-wlk, 1, en_GB]
Rated frequency
The rated frequency of the power system is set at address 230 Rated Frequency. The factory presetting
according to the ordering code (MLFB) only needs to be changed if the device is applied in a region different
from the one indicated when ordering. You can set 50 Hz or 60 Hz
System Starpoint
The manner in which the system starpoint is earthed must be considered for the correct processing of earth
faults and double earth faults. Accordingly, set for address 207 SystemStarpoint = Solid Earthed,
Peterson-Coil or Isolated. For low-resistant earthed systems set Solid Earthed.
Phase Sequence
Use address 235 PHASE SEQ. to change the default setting (L1 L2 L3 for clockwise rotation) if your power
system has a permanent anti-clockwise phase sequence (L1 L3 L2).
2.1.3.2 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
Setting groups enable the user to save the corresponding settings for each application. When they are needed,
settings may be loaded quickly. All setting groups are stored in the relay. Only one setting group may be active
at a given time.
General
If you do not want to change between several setting groups, then set only setting group A. Then, the rest of
this section is not applicable.
If multiple setting groups are desired, the setting group change option must be set to Grp Chge OPTION =
Enabled (address 103). Now the 4 setting groups A to D are available. They are configured individually as
required in the following. To find out how to proceed, how to copy and to reset settings groups to the delivery
state, and how to switch between setting groups during operation, please refer to the SIPROTEC 4 System
Description.
Two binary inputs enable changing between the 4 setting groups from an external source.
2.1.4.3 Settings
The general protection data (P.System Data 2) include settings associated with all functions rather than a
specific protection, monitoring or control function. In contrast to the P.System Data 1 as discussed before,
these can be changed over with the setting groups and can be configured via the operator panel of the device.
NOTE
i For CB Test and automatic reclosure the CB auxiliary contact status derived with the binary inputs >CB1 ...
(No. 366 to 371, 410 and 411) is relevant to indicate the CB switching status. The other binary inputs
>CB ... (No. 351 to 353, 379 and 380) are used for detecting the status of the line (address 1134) and for
reset of the trip command (address 1135). Address 1135 is also used by other protection functions, e.g. by
the echo function, energization in case of overcurrent etc. For use with one circuit breaker only, both
binary input functions, e.g. 366 and 351, can be allocated to the same physical input. For applications with
2 circuit breakers per feeder (1.5 circuit breaker systems or ring bus), the binary inputs >CB1... must be
connected to the correct circuit breaker. The binary inputs >CB... then need the correct signals for detecting
the line status. In certain cases, an additional CFC logic may be necessary.
Address 1136 OpenPoleDetect. defines the criteria for operating the internal open-pole detector (see also
Section 2.8.1 Function Control, Subsection Open-Pole Detector). When using the default setting w/ meas-
urement, all available data are evaluated that indicate single-pole dead time. The internal trip command and
pickup indications, the current and voltage measured values and the CB auxiliary contacts are used. To eval-
uate only the auxiliary contacts including the phase currents, set the address 1136 to Current AND CB. If
you do not wish to detect single-pole dead time, set OpenPoleDetect. to OFF.
For manual closure of the circuit breaker via binary inputs, it can be specified in address 1151 MAN. CLOSE
whether the integrated manual CLOSE detection checks the synchronism between the busbar voltage and the
voltage of the switched feeder. This setting does not apply for a close command via the integrated control
functions. If the synchronism check is desired, the device must either feature the integrated synchronism
check function or an external device for synchronism check must be connected.
If the internal synchronism check is to be used, the synchronism check function must be enabled; an addi-
tional voltage Usy2 for synchronism check has to be connected to the device and this must be correctly para-
meterised in the Power System Data 1 (address 210 U4 transformer = Usy2 transf. and the associated
factors).
If no synchronism check is to be performed with manual closing, set MAN. CLOSE = w/o Sync-check. If a
check is desired, set with Sync-check. To not use the MANUAL CLOSE function of the device, set MAN.
CLOSE to NO. This may be reasonable if the close command is output to the circuit breaker without involving
the 7VK61, and the relay itself is not desired to issue a close command.
For commands via the integrated control (on site, DIGSI, serial interface) address 1152 Man.Clos. Imp.
determines whether a close command via the integrated control regarding the MANUAL CLOSE handling for
the protection functions (like instantaneous re-opening when switching onto a fault) is to act like a MANUAL
CLOSE command via binary input. This address also informs the device to which switchgear this applies. You
can select from the switching devices which are available to the integrated control. Select the circuit breaker
which operates for manual closure and, if required, for automatic reclosure (usually Q0). If none is set here, a
CLOSE command via the control will not generate a MANUAL CLOSE impulse for the protection function.
2.1.5.2 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
The table indicates region-specific presettings. Column C (configuration) indicates the corresponding secon-
dary nominal current of the current transformer.
Addr. Parameter C Setting Options Default Setting Comments
1103 FullScaleVolt. 1.0 .. 1200.0 kV 400.0 kV Measurement: Full Scale
Voltage (100%)
1104 FullScaleCurr. 10 .. 5000 A 1000 A Measurement: Full Scale
Current (100%)
1107 P,Q sign not reversed not reversed P,Q operational measured
reversed values sign
1130A PoleOpenCurrent 1A 0.05 .. 1.00 A 0.10 A Pole Open Current
5A 0.25 .. 5.00 A 0.50 A Threshold
1131A PoleOpenVoltage 2 .. 70 V 30 V Pole Open Voltage
Threshold
1135 Reset Trip CMD CurrentOpenPole CurrentOpenPole RESET of Trip Command
Current AND CB
Pickup Reset
1136 OpenPoleDetect. OFF w/ measurement open pole detector
Current AND CB
w/ measurement
1150A SI Time Man.Cl 0.01 .. 30.00 sec 0.30 sec Seal-in Time after MANUAL
closures
1151 MAN. CLOSE with Sync-check NO Manual CLOSE COMMAND
w/o Sync-check generation
NO
1152 Man.Clos. Imp. (Einstellmöglichkeiten none MANUAL Closure Impulse
anwendungsabhängig) after CONTROL
General
Other settings pertaining to fault recording (waveform capture) are found in the submenu Oscillographic
Fault Records submenu of the Settings menu. Waveform capture makes a distinction between the trigger
instant for an oscillographic record and the criterion to save the record (address402 WAVEFORMTRIGGER).
This parameter can only be altered in DIGSI at Display Additional Settings. Normally the trigger instant is the
device pickup, i.e. the pickup of an arbitrary protection function is assigned the time. The criterion for saving
may be both the device pickup(Save w. Pickup) or the device trip Save w. TRIP). A trip command
issued by the device can also be used as trigger instant (Start w. TRIP), in this case it is also the saving
criterion.
An oscillographic fault record includes data recorded prior to the time of trigger, and data after the dropout of
the recording criterion. Usually this is also the extent of a fault recording (address 403 WAVEFORM DATA =
Fault event). If automatic reclosure is implemented, the entire system disturbance — possibly with several
reclose attempts — up to the ultimate fault clearance can be stored (address 403 WAVEFORM DATA =
Pow.Sys.Flt.). This facilitates the representation of the entire system fault history, but also consumes
storage capacity during the auto reclosure dead time(s). This parameter can only be altered in DIGSI at Display
Additional Settings.
The actual storage time encompasses the pre-fault time PRE. TRIG. TIME (address 411) ahead of the refer-
ence instant, the normal recording time and the post-fault time POST REC. TIME (address 412) after the
storage criterion has reset. The maximum recording duration to each fault MAX. LENGTH is set at address
410.
The fault recording can also be triggered via a binary input, via the keypad on the front of the device or with a
PC via the operation or service interface. The storage is then dynamically triggered. The length of the fault
recording is set in address 415 BinIn CAPT.TIME (maximum length however is MAX. LENGTH, address
410). Pre-fault and post-fault times will be included. If the binary input time is set for ∞ , then the length of
the record equals the time that the binary input is activated (static), or the MAX. LENGTH setting in address
410, whichever is shorter.
2.1.6.3 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
Addr. Parameter Setting Options Default Setting Comments
402A WAVEFORMTRIGGER Save w. Pickup Save w. Pickup Waveform Capture
Save w. TRIP
Start w. TRIP
403A WAVEFORM DATA Fault event Fault event Scope of Waveform Data
Pow.Sys.Flt.
410 MAX. LENGTH 0.30 .. 5.00 sec 2.00 sec Max. length of a Waveform
Capture Record
411 PRE. TRIG. TIME 0.05 .. 0.50 sec 0.25 sec Captured Waveform Prior to
Trigger
412 POST REC. TIME 0.05 .. 0.50 sec 0.10 sec Captured Waveform after Event
415 BinIn CAPT.TIME 0.10 .. 5.00 sec 0.50 sec Capture Time via Binary Input
An Ethernet EN100-Modul allows to integrate the 7VK61 into 100 Mbit communication networks used by
process control and automation systems in accordance with IEC 61850. This standard provides consistent
inter-relay communication without gateways or protocol converters. This allows open and interoperable use of
SIPROTEC 4 devices even in heterogeneous environments. In parallel to the process control integration of the
device, this interface can also be used for communication with DIGSI and for inter-relay communication via
GOOSE.
Interface selection
No settings are required for operation of the Ethernet system interface module (IEC 61850 Ethernet EN100-
Modul). If the device is equipped with such a module (see MLFB), the module is automatically configured to
the interface available for it.
Reclosure is performed by an automatic reclosure circuit (ARC). An example of the normal time sequence of a
double reclosure is shown in the figure below.
[ablaufdia-2-mal-we-wirkzeit-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-5 Timing diagram of a double-shot reclosure with action time (2nd reclosure successful)
The integrated automatic reclosing function allows up to 8 reclosing attempts. The first four reclose cycles
may operate with different parameters (action and dead times, 1-/3-pole). The parameters of the fourth cycle
apply to the fifth cycle and onwards.
[logik-ein-aus-wiedereinschaltautomatik-st-290803, 1, en_GB]
[reichweitenstrg-vor-we-dis-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-7 Reach control before first reclosure, using distance protection
If the fault protection features a so-called reclose stage, 7VK61 generates the signal AR 1.CycZoneRel for
its release for as long as the reclose function is ready for reclosure after tripping.
If the feeder protection is capable of activating its reclose stage for 1-pole faults but not for multi-pole faults,
the automatic reclose function can supply the signal AR 1.CycZoneRel in addition to the signal AR
Program1pole. This signal indicates that the automatic reclose function initiates reclosure only after 1-pole
tripping, but not after 3-pole tripping i.e., the reclose function is only programmed to 1-pole reclosure.
Initiation
Initiation of the automatic reclosure function means storing the first trip signal of a power system fault that
was generated by a protection function which operates with the automatic reclosure function. In case of
multiple reclosure, initiation therefore only takes place once, with the first trip command. This storing of the
first trip signal is the prerequisite for all subsequent activities of the automatic reclosure function. The starting
is important when the first trip command has not appeared before expiry of an action time (see below under
“Action times”).
Automatic reclosure function is not started if the circuit breaker has not been ready for at least one OPEN-
CLOSE- OPEN–cycle at the instant of the first trip command. This can be achieved by setting parameters. For
further information, please refer to “Interrogation of Circuit Breaker Ready State”.
Each short-circuit protection function can be parameterized as to whether it should operate with the auto-
matic reclose function or not, i.e. whether it should start the reclose function or not. The same goes for
external trip commands applied via binary input and/or the trip commands generated by the teleprotection via
permissive or intertrip signals.
Those protection and monitoring functions in the device which do not respond to short-circuits or similar
conditions (e.g. an overload protection) do not initiate the automatic reclosure function because a reclosure
will be of no use here. The circuit breaker failure protection must not start the automatic reclosure function
either.
Action Times
It is often desirable to neutralise the ready–for–reclosure–state if the short-circuit condition was sustained for
a certain time, e.g. because it is assumed that the arc has burned in to such an extent that there is no longer
any chance of automatic arc extinction during the reclose dead time. Also for the sake of selectivity (see
above), faults that are usually cleared after a time delay should not lead to reclosure.
The automatic reclosure function of the 7VK61 can be operated with or without action times (configuration
parameter AR control mode, address 134). No starting signal is necessary from the protection functions or
external protection devices that operate without action time. Initiation takes place as soon as the first trip
command appears.
When operating with action time, an action time is available for each reclose cycle. The action times are
always started by the general starting signal (with logic OR combination of all internal and external protection
functions which can start the automatic reclose function). If no trip command is present before the action
time expires, the corresponding reclosure cycle is not carried out.
For each reclosure cycle, it can be specified whether or not it should allow the initiation. Following the first
general pickup, only those action times are relevant whose cycles allow starting because the other cycles are
not allowed to initiate. By means of the action times and the permission to start the recloser (permission to be
the first cycle that is executed), it is possible to determine which reclose cycles are executed depending on the
time it takes the protection function to trip.
Example 1: 3 cycles are set. Starting of the automatic reclosure function is allowed for at least the first cycle.
The action times are set as follows:
• 1st Reclosure: T Action = 0.2 s;
• 2nd Reclosure: T Action = 0.8 s;
Example 3: 3 cycles are set. At least the first two cycles are set such that they can start the recloser. The action
times are set as in example 1. The first protection trip takes place 0.5 s after starting. Since the action time for
the 1st cycle has already expired at this time, it cannot start the automatic reclosure function, but the 2nd
cycle, for which initiating is allowed, is activated immediately. This 2nd cycle therefore starts the automatic
reclosure function, the 1st cycle is practically skipped.
Blocking reclosure
Different conditions lead to blocking of the automatic reclosure function. No reclosure is possible, for
example, if it is blocked via a binary input. If the automatic reclosure function has not yet been started, it
cannot be started at all. If a reclosure cycle is already in progress, dynamic blocking takes place (see below).
Each individual cycle may also be blocked via binary input. In this case the cycle concerned is declared as
invalid and will be skipped in the sequence of permissible cycles. If blocking takes place while the cycle
concerned is already running, this leads to aborting of the reclosure, i.e. no reclosure takes place even if other
valid cycles have been parameterized.
Internal blocking signals, with a limited duration, arise during the course of the reclose cycles:
The reclaim time T-RECLAIM (address 3403) is started with each automatic reclosure command, the only
exception is the ADT mode where the reclaim time can be disabled by setting it to 0 s. If the reclosure is
successful, all functions of the automatic reclosure function return to the idle state at the end of the reclaim
time; a fault after expiry of the reclaim time is treated as a new fault in the power system. If the reclaim time is
disabled in ADT mode, each new trip after reclosing is considered as a new fault. If one of the protection func-
tions causes another trip during the reclaim time, the next reclosure cycle will be started if multiple reclosure
has been set. If no further reclosure attempts are permitted, the last reclosure is regarded as unsuccessful in
case of another trip during the reclaim time. The automatic reclosure function is blocked dynamically.
The dynamic lock-out locks the reclosure for the duration of the dynamic lock-out time (0.5 s). This occurs, for
example, after a final trip or other events which block the auto reclose function after it has been started.
Restarting is blocked during this time. When this time expires, the automatic reclosure function returns to its
quiescent state and is ready for a new fault in the network.
If the circuit breaker is closed manually (by the control discrepancy switch connected to a binary input, the
local control functions or via one of the serial interfaces), the automatic reclosure function is blocked for a
manual-close-blocking time T-BLOCK MC, address 3404. If a trip command occurs during this time, it can be
assumed that a metallic short-circuit is present (e.g. closed earth switch). Every trip command within this time
is therefore final. With the user definable logic functions (CFC) further control functions can be processed in
the same way as a manual–close command.
In the event of a single cycle reclosure this interrogation is usually sufficient. Since, for example, the air pres-
sure or the spring tension for the circuit breaker mechanism drops after the trip, no further interrogation
should take place.
For multiple reclosing attempts it is highly recommended to monitor the circuit breaker condition not only
prior to the first, but also before each following reclosing attempt. Reclosure will be blocked until the binary
input indicates that the circuit breaker is ready to complete another CLOSE-TRIP cycle.
The time needed by the circuit breaker to regain the ready state can be monitored by the 7VK61. This moni-
toring time CB TIME OUT (address 3409) starts as soon as the CB indicates the not ready state. The dead
time may be extended if the ready state is not indicated when it expires. However, if the circuit breaker does
not indicate its ready status for a longer period than the monitoring time, reclosure is dynamically blocked
(see also above under margin heading “Reclosure Blocking”).
The sequence above applies for single reclosure cycles. In 7VK61 multiple reclosure (up to 8 shots) is also
possible (see below).
Multiple reclosure
If a short-circuit still exists after a reclosure attempt, further reclosure attempts can be made. Up to 8 reclosure
attempts are possible with the automatic reclosure function integrated in the 7VK61.
The first four reclosure cycles are independent of each other. Each one has separate action and dead times,
can operate with 1- or 3-pole trip and can be blocked separately via binary inputs. The parameters and inter-
vention possibilities of the fourth cycle also apply to the fifth cycle and onwards.
The sequence is the same in principle as in the different reclosure programs described above. However, if the
first reclosure attempt was unsuccessful, the reclosure function is not blocked, but instead the next reclose
cycle is started. The appropriate dead time starts with the reset of the trip command or opening of the circuit
breaker (pole) (auxiliary contact criterion). The circuit breaker receives a new close command after expiry of
the dead time. At the same time the reclaim time is started.
The reclaim time is reset with each new trip command after reclosure and is started again with the next close
command until the set maximum number of permissible auto-reclose cycles has been reached.
If one of the reclosing attempts is successful, i.e. the fault disappeared after reclosure, the blocking time
expires and the automatic reclosing system is reset. The fault is cleared.
If none of the cycles is successful, the short-circuit protection initiates a final 3-pole trip after the last permis-
sible reclosure, following a protection stage that is valid without auto-reclosure. The automatic reclosing func-
tion is blocked dynamically (see also above under margin heading “Blocking the Reclosing Function”).
This no-voltage check on the line is of advantage if a small generator (e.g. wind generator) is connected along
the line.
[beispiel-verkuerzte-we-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
A, B, C Busbars
I, II, III Relay locations
X Tripped circuit breakers
In the illustrated example, the lines are disconnected at positions I, II and III. In I reclosure takes place after the
configured dead time. At position III a reduced dead time can be used (see above) if there is also an infeed on
busbar B.
If the fault has been cleared (successful reclosure), line A - B is re-connected to the voltage at busbar A
through position I. Device II detects this voltage and also recloses after a short delay (to ensure a sufficient
voltage measuring time). The fault is cleared.
If the fault has not been cleared after reclosure at I (unsuccessful reclosure), the line will be disconnected
again in position I with the result that no healthy voltage is detected at location II so that the circuit breaker
there does not reclose.
In the case of multiple reclosure the sequence may be repeated several times following an unsuccessful reclo-
sure until one of the reclosure attempts is successful or a final trip takes place.
[beispiel-asp-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
A, B, C Busbars
I, II, III Relay locations
X Tripped circuit breakers
As is shown by the example, the adaptive dead time has the following advantages:
• The circuit breaker at position II is not reclosed if the fault persists and is not unnecessarily stressed as a
result.
• With non-selective tripping by overreach at position III no further trip and reclose cycles occur here
because the short-circuit path via busbar B and position II remains interrupted even in the event of
several reclosure attempts.
• At position I overreach is allowed in the case of multiple reclosures and even in the event of final tripping
because the line remains open at position II and therefore no actual overreach can occur at I.
The adaptive dead time also includes the reduced dead time because the criteria are the same. There is no
need to set the reduced dead time as well.
The general pickup is decisive for starting the action times. It is also required if the automatic reclosing func-
tion has to detect sequential faults via pickup. In other cases, this input information is irrelevant.
The trip commands decide whether the dead time is activated for 1-pole or 3-pole reclose cycles or whether
the reclosure is blocked in the event of a 3-pole trip (depending on the configured dead times).
Figure 2-10 shows the interconnection between the internal automatic reclosure function of the 7VK61 and
an external protection device, as a connection example for 1-pole cylces.
To achieve 3-pole coupling of the external protection and to release, if necessary, its accelerated stages before
reclosure, the following output functions are suitable:
2864 AR 1p Trip Perm Internal automatic reclosure function ready for 1-pole reclose cycle, i.e. allows
1-pole tripping (logic inversion of the 3-pole coupling).
2889 AR 1.CycZoneRel Internal automatic reclosure function ready for the first reclose cycle, i.e.
releases the stage of the external protection device for reclosure, the corre-
sponding outputs can be used for other cycles. This output can be omitted if
the external protection does not require an overreaching stage (e.g. differential
protection or comparison mode with distance protection).
2820 AR Program1pole Internal automatic reclosure function is programmed for one pole, i.e. only
recloses after 1-pole tripping. This output can be omitted if no overreaching
stage is required (e.g. differential protection or comparison mode with distance
protection).
Instead of the 3-phase-segregated trip commands, the 1-pole and 3-pole tripping may also be signalled to the
internal automatic reclosure function - provided that the external protection device is capable of this -, i.e.
assign the following binary inputs of the 7VK61:
2711 >AR Start General fault detection for the internal automatic reclosure function (only
required for action time),
2715 >Trip 1pole AR Trip command 1-pole for the internal automatic reclosure function,
2716 >Trip 3pole AR Trip command 3-pole for the internal automatic reclosure function.
If only 3-pole reclosure cycles are to be executed, it is sufficient to assign the binary input >Trip 3pole AR
(No. 2716) for the trip signal. Figure 2-11 shows an example. Any overreaching stages of the external protec-
tion are enabled again by AR 1.CycZoneRel (No. 2889) and of further cycles, if applicable.
[anschlussbsp-ext-schutzger-1-o-3-pol-we-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-10 Connection example with external protection device for 1-/3-pole reclosure; AR control mode =
with TRIP
[anschlussbsp-ext-schutzger-3-pol-we-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-11 Connection example with external protection device for 3-pole reclosure; AR control mode =
with TRIP
But if the internal automatic reclose function is controlled by the pickup (only possible for 3-pole tripping: 110
Trip mode = 3pole only), the phase-selective pickup signals of the external protection must be connected
if distinction shall be made between different types of fault. The general trip command then suffices for trip-
ping (No. 2746). Figure 2-12 shows a connection example.
[anschlussbsp-ext-schutzger-fehlerab-pause-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-12 Connection example with external protection device for fault detection dependent dead time
— dead time control by pickup signals of the protection device; AR control mode = with
PICKUP
• In order to prevent that a very quick response (1-pole) of a protection leads to an undesired 3-pole
coupling of a second protection, a “software filter time” for the binary inputs of the auxiliary contacts is to
be set (refer to Figure 2-15).
[anschlussbsp-2-schutzeinri-2-wes-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-13 Connection example for 2 protection devices with 2 automatic reclosure functions
BI Binary inputs
M Signal output
K Command
*) for all protection functions operating with AR.
[anschlussbsp-2-schutzger-int-awe-100413, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-14 Connection example for 2 protection devices with internal automatic reclosure function and
minimum cross connection
[digsi-einstellung-sw-filterzeit-090410-wlk, 1, en_GB]
General
If the internal automatic reclosure function is to be used, the type of reclosure must be selected during the
configuration of the functions (Section 2.1.1.2 Setting Notes) in address 133 Auto Reclose and in address
134 the AR control mode.
Up to 8 reclosure attempts are allowed with the integrated automatic reclosure function. Whereas the settings
in the addresses 3401 to 3441 are common to all reclosure cycles, the individual settings of the cycles are
made from address 3450 onwards. It is therefore possible to set different individual parameters for the first
four reclose cycles. From the fifth cycle onwards the parameters for the fourth cycle apply.
At address 3401 AUTO RECLOSE the automatic reclosure function can be turned ON or OFF.
A prerequisite for automatic reclosure taking place after a trip due to a short-circuit is that the circuit breaker is
ready for at least one OPEN-CLOSE-OPEN cycle at the time the automatic reclosure circuit is started, i.e. at the
time of the first trip command. The readiness of the circuit breaker is signaled to the device via the binary
input >CB1 Ready (No. 371). If no such signal is available, leave the setting under address 3402 CB?
1.TRIP = NO, as automatic reclosure function would otherwise not be possible at all. If circuit breaker inter-
rogation is possible, you should set CB? 1.TRIP = YES.
Furthermore, the circuit breaker ready state can also be interrogated prior to every reclosure. This is set when
setting the individual reclose cycles (see below).
To check that the ready status of the circuit breaker is regained during the dead times, you can set a circuit
breaker ready monitoring time under address 3409 CB TIME OUT. The time is set slightly longer than the
recovery time of the circuit breaker after an OPEN-CLOSE-OPEN cycle. If the circuit breaker is not ready again
by the time this timer expires, no reclosure takes place and the automatic reclosure function is blocked
dynamically.
Waiting for the circuit breaker to be ready can cause an increase of the dead times. Interrogation of a
synchronism check (if used) can also delay reclosure. To avoid uncontrolled prolongation, it is possible to set a
maximum prolongation of the dead time in this case in address 3411 T-DEAD EXT.. This prolongation is
unlimited if the setting ∞ is applied. This parameter can only be altered in DIGSI at Display Additional
Settings. Remember that longer dead times are only permissible after 3-pole tripping when no stability prob-
lems occur or a synchronism check takes place before reclosure.
The restraint time T-RECLAIM (address 3403) is the time after which the fault is considered eliminated
following erfolgreichenreclosure. If a protection function provokes a new trip before this time has elapsed, the
next reclosing cycle is started in case of multiple reclosure. If no further reclosing attempt is allowed, the last
reclosure will be considered failed in the event of a new trip. The reclaim time must therefore be longer than
the longest response time of a protection function which can start the automatic reclosure function. When
operating the AR in ADT mode, it is possible to deactivate the reclaim time by setting it to 0 s.
A few seconds are generally sufficient. In areas with frequent thunderstorms or storms, a shorter blocking
time may be necessary to avoid feeder lockout due to sequential lightning strikes or cable flashovers.
A longer reclaim time should be chosen where circuit breaker supervision is not possible (see above) during
multiple reclosures, e.g. because of missing auxiliary contacts and information on the circuit breaker ready
status. In this case, the reclaim time should be longer than the time required for the circuit breaker mecha-
nism to be ready.
The blocking duration following manual close detection T-BLOCK MC(address 3404) must guarantee the
circuit breaker to open and close reliably (0.5 s to 1 s). If a fault is detected by a protection function within this
time after closing of the circuit breaker was detected, no reclosure takes place and a final 3-pole trip command
is issued. If this is not desired, set address 3404 to 0.
The options for handling evolving faults are described in Section 2.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional)
at margin heading “Handling evolving faults”. The treatment of sequential faults is not necessary on line ends
where the adaptive dead time is applied (address 133 Auto Reclose = ADT). The addresses 3406 and 3407
are then of no consequence and therefore not accessible.
You can define recognition of an evolving fault at address 3406 EV. FLT. RECOG.. EV. FLT. RECOG.
with PICKUP means that during a dead time each pickup of a protection function will be interpreted as an
evolving fault. With EV. FLT. RECOG. with TRIP a fault during a dead time is only interpreted as an
evolving fault if it has led to a trip command by a protection function. The evolving fault detection with pickup
presupposes that a pickup signal of the external device is also connected to the 7VK61; otherwise an evolving
fault can only be detected with the external trip command even if with with PICKUP was set here.
The reaction in response to sequential faults can be selected at address 3407. EV. FLT. MODE blocks AR
means that no reclosure is performed after detection of a sequential fault. This is always useful when only 1-
pole reclosure is to take place or when stability problems are expected due to the subsequent 3-pole dead
time. If a 3-pole reclose cycle is to be initiated by tripping of the evolving fault, set EV. FLT. MODE =
starts 3p AR. In this case a separately adjustable 3-pole dead time is started with the 3-pole trip command
due to the sequential fault. This is only useful if 3-pole reclosure is also permitted.
Address 3408 T-Start MONITOR monitors the reaction of the circuit breaker after a trip command. If the CB
has not opened during this time (from the beginning of the trip command), the automatic reclosure is blocked
dynamically. The criterion for circuit breaker opening is the position of the circuit breaker auxiliary contact or
the disappearance of the trip command. If a circuit breaker failure protection (internal or external) is used on
the feeder, this time should be shorter than the delay time of the circuit breaker failure protection so that no
reclosure takes place if the circuit breaker fails.
NOTE
i If the circuit breaker failure protection (BF) should perform a 1-pole TRIP repetition, the time setting of
parameter 3408 T-Start MONITOR must be longer than the time set for parameter 3903 1p-RETRIP
(T1).
To enable that the busbar is tripped by the circuit breaker failure protection without preceding 3-pole
coupling of the trip command (by AR or BF), the time set for 3408 T-Start MONITOR also has to be
longer than the time set for 3906 T2. In this case, the AR must be blocked by a signal from the BF to
prevent the AR from reclosing after a busbar TRIP. It is recommended to connect the signal 1494 BF T2-
TRIP(bus) to the AR input 2703 >AR block via CFC.
If the reclosure command is transmitted to the opposite end, this transmission can be delayed by the time
setting in address 3410 T RemoteClose. This transmission is only possible if the device operates with adap-
tive dead time at the Gegenende (address133 Auto Reclose = ADT). This parameter is otherwise irrelevant.
On the one hand, this delay serves to prevent the remote end device from reclosing unnecessarily when local
reclosure is unsuccessful. On the other hand, it should be noted that the line is not available for energy trans-
port until the remote end has also closed. Therefore this delay must be added to the dead time for considera-
tion of the network stability.
For the functions which are to start the automatic reclosing function, the corresponding address is set to YES,
for the others to NO. The other functions cannot start the automatic reclosing function because reclosing is
not relevant here.
ping is allowed, 1- pole tripping will be prevented during the reclaim time. Each fault is thus disconnected in
three poles while the reclaim time is active.
Address 3403 T-RECLAIM allows disabling the reclaim time in ADT mode. In doing so, the ADT cycle including
its settings and release conditions is restarted after unsuccessful automatic reclosing. If the reclaim time is
activated, the 1-pole trip permission at address 3435 and the protection releases are disabled while the
reclaim time is running.
Under address 3436 ADT CB? CLOSE it can be determined whether circuit breaker ready is interrogated
before reclosure after an adaptive dead time. With the setting YES, the dead time may be extended if the
circuit breaker is not ready for a CLOSE–OPEN–cycle when the dead time expires. The maximum extension
that is possible is the circuit breaker monitoring time; this was set for all reclosure cycles under address 3409
(see above). Details about the circuit breaker monitoring can be found in the function description, Section
2.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional), at margin heading “Interrogation of the Circuit Breaker Ready
State”.
If there is a danger of stability problems in the network during a 3-pole reclosure cycle, set address 3437 ADT
SynRequest to YES. In this case a check is made before reclosure following a 3-pole trip whether the
voltages of feeder and busbar are sufficiently synchronous. This is only done on condition that either the
internal synchronism and voltage check functions are available, or that an external device is available for
synchronism and voltage check. If only 1-pole reclose cycles are executed or if no stability problems are
expected during 3-pole dead times (e.g. due to closely meshed networks or in radial networks), set address
3437 to NO.
Addresses 3438 and 3440 are only significant if the voltage-controlled adaptive dead time is used. 3440 U-
live> is the phase-to-earth voltage limit above which the line is considered to be fault-free. The setting must
be smaller than the lowest expected operating voltage. The setting is applied in volts secondary. This value
can be entered as a primary value when parameterising with a PC and DIGSI. Address 3438 T U-stable
defines the measuring time used to determine the voltage. It should be longer than any transient oscillations
resulting from line energization.
The adaptive dead time is only available if address 106 VT CONNECTION is set to dreiphasig.
If you only want to allow a 1-pole reclose cycle, set the dead time for 3-pole tripping to ∞. If you only want to
allow a 3-pole reclose cycle, set the dead time for 1-pole tripping to ∞, the protection then trips 3-pole for
each fault type.
The dead time after 1-pole tripping (if set) 1.AR Tdead1Trip (address 3456) should be long enough for the
short-circuit arc to be extinguished and the surrounding air to be de-ionized so that the reclosure promises to
be successful. The longer the line, the longer is this time due to the charging of the conductor capacitances.
Standard durations are between 0.9 s and 1.5 s.
For 3-pole tripping (address 3457 1.AR Tdead3Trip) the network stability is the main concern. Since the
disconnected line cannot transfer any synchronizing forces, only a short dead time is often permitted. Usual
values are 0.3 s to 0.6 s. If the device is operating with a synchronism check (compare Section
2.4 Synchronism and voltage check (optional)) a longer time may be tolerated under certain circumstances.
Longer 3-pole dead times are also possible in radial networks.
For AR control mode = TRIP ... it is possible to make the dead times dependent on the type of fault
detected by the initiating protection function(s).
3453 1.AR Tdead 1Flt is the dead time after 1-phase pickup.
3454 1.AR Tdead 2Flt is the dead time after 2-phase pickup.
3455 1.AR Tdead 3Flt is the dead time after 3-phase pickup.
If the dead time is to be the same for all fault types, set all three parameters the same. Note that these settings
only cause different dead times for different pickups. The tripping can only be 3-pole.
If, when setting the reaction to sequential faults (see above at “General”) you have set address 3407 EV.
FLT. MODE starts 3p AR you can set a separate dead time for the 3-pole dead time after clearance of the
sequential fault 1.AR: Tdead EV. (address 3458). Stability aspects are also decisive here. Normally the
setting constraints are similar to address3457 1.AR Tdead3Trip.
Under address 3459 1.AR: CB? CLOSE it can be determined whether the readiness of the circuit breaker
("circuit breaker ready") is interrogated before this first reclosure. With the setting YES, the dead time may be
extended if the circuit breaker is not ready for a CLOSE–OPEN–cycle when the dead time expires. The
maximum extension that is possible is the circuit breaker monitoring time; this was set for all reclosure cycles
under address 3409 CB TIME OUT (see above). Details about the circuit breaker monitoring can be found in
the function description, Section 2.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional), at margin heading “Interroga-
tion of the Circuit Breaker Ready State”.
If there is a danger of stability problems in the network during a 3-pole reclosure cycle, set address3460 1.AR
SynRequest to YES. In this case, it is verified before each reclosure following a 3-pole trip whether the
voltages of feeder and busbar are sufficiently synchronous. This is only done on condition that either the
internal synchronism and voltage check functions are available, or that an external device is available for
synchronism and voltage check. If only 1-pole reclose cycles are executed or if no stability problems are
expected during 3-pole dead times (e.g. due to closely meshed networks or in radial networks), set
address3460 to NO.
The automatic reclosure is blocked (e.g. circuit breaker not ready). This information indicates to the opera-
tional information system that in the event of an upcoming system fault there will be a final trip, i.e. without
reclosure. If the automatic reclosure has been started, this information does not appear.
AR not ready (No. 2784)
The automatic reclosure is not ready for reclosure at the moment. In addition to the AR is blocked
mentioned above (No. 2783)there are also obstructions during the course of the auto-reclosure cycles such as
“action time” elapsed or “last reclaim time running”. This information is particularly helpful during testing
because no protection test cycle with reclosure may be initiated during this state.
AR in progress (No. 2801)
This information appears following the start of the automatic reclosure function, i.e. with the first trip
command that can start the automatic reclosure function. If this reclosure was successful (or any in the case of
multiple cycles), the information is reset with the expiry of the last reclaim time. If no reclosure was successful
or if reclosure was blocked, it ends with the last – the final – trip command.
AR Sync.Request (No. 2865)
Measuring request to an external synchronism check device. The information appears at the end of a dead
time subsequent to 3-pole tripping if a synchronism request was parameterized for the corresponding cycle.
Reclosure only takes place when the synchronism check device has provided the release signal
>Sync.release (No. 2731.
>Sync.release (No. 2731)
Release of reclosure by an external synchronism check device if this was requested by the output information
AR Sync.Request (No. 2865).
2.2.3 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
Addr. Parameter Setting Options Default Setting Comments
3401 AUTO RECLOSE OFF ON Auto-Reclose function
ON
3402 CB? 1.TRIP YES NO CB ready interrogation at 1st trip
NO
3403 T-RECLAIM 0.50 .. 300.00 sec 3.00 sec Reclaim time after successful AR
cycle
3403 T-RECLAIM 0.50 .. 300.00 sec 3.00 sec Reclaim time after successful AR
cycle
3404 T-BLOCK MC 0.50 .. 300.00 sec 1.00 sec AR blocking duration after manual
close
3406 EV. FLT. RECOG. with PICKUP with TRIP Evolving fault recognition
with TRIP
3407 EV. FLT. MODE blocks AR starts 3p AR Evolving fault (during the dead
starts 3p AR time)
3408 T-Start MONITOR 0.01 .. 300.00 sec 0.20 sec AR start-signal monitoring time
3409 CB TIME OUT 0.01 .. 300.00 sec 3.00 sec Circuit Breaker (CB) Supervision
Time
3410 T RemoteClose 0.00 .. 300.00 sec 2147483647 sec Send delay for remote close
command
3411A T-DEAD EXT. 0.50 .. 300.00 sec 2147483647 sec Maximum dead time extension
3425 AR w/ BackUpO/C YES YES AR with back-up overcurrent
NO
3430 AR TRIP 3pole YES YES 3pole TRIP by AR
NO
2.3.1 General
The overcurent protection has a total of 4 stages for each phase current and four stages for the earth current,
these are:
• 2 overcurrent stages with a definite time characteristic (O/C with DT),
• 1 overcurrent stage with inverse time characteristic (IDMT),
• 1 additional overcurrent stage which is preferably used as a stub protection, but which can be applied as
an additional normal definite time delayed stage. With the device variants for the region Germany (10th
digit of ordering code = A) this stage is only available if the setting 126 TOC IEC /w 3ST is active.
These 4 stages are independent from each other and are freely combinable. Blocking by external criteria via
binary input is possible as well as rapid (non-delayed) tripping (e.g. by an external automatic reclose device).
During energization of the protected feeder onto a dead fault it is also possible to release any stage, or also
several, for non-delayed tripping. If you do not need all stages, each individual stage can be deactivated by
setting the pickup threshold to ∞.
Measured Values
The phase currents are fed to the device via the input transformers of the measuring input. Earth current 3·Ι0
is either measured directly or calculated depending on the ordered device version and usage of the fourth
current input Ι4 of the device.
If Ι4 is connected to the starpoint of the current transformer set, the earth current will be available directly as
measured quantity.
If the fourth current input Ι4 is not connected as earth current transformer, the device will calculate the earth
current from the phase currents. This requires, of course, all three phase currents from a set of three star-
connected current transformers to be available and connected to the device.
• I>> SOTF (address2615) whether during switching onto a fault tripping shall be instantaneous (YES) or
not (NO).
[logikdiagramm-i-vg-stufe-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
1) The output indications associated with the pickup signals can be found in Table 2-3
2) The output indications associated with the trip signals can be found in Table 2-4
The logic of the inverse overcurrent stage also operates chiefly in the same way as the remaining stages.
However, the time delay is calculated here based on the type of the set characteristic, the intensity of the
current and a time multiplier (following figure). A pre-selection of the available characteristics was already
carried out during the configuration of the protection functions. Furthermore, an additional constant time
delay T Ip Add (address 2646) or T 3I0p Add (address 2656) may be selected, which is added to the
inverse time. The possible characteristics are shown in the Technical Data.
The following figure shows the logic diagram. The setting addresses of the IEC characteristic curves are shown
by way of example. In the setting notes, the different setting addresses are described in detail.
[logikdia-ip-stufe-amz-iec-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-17 Logic diagram of the ΙP stage (inverse time overcurrent protection), for example IEC character-
istics
1) The output indications associated with the pickup signals can be found in Table 2-3
2) The output indications associated with the trip signals can be found in Table 2-4
[endfehler-eineinhalb-ls-wlk-0702, 1, en_GB]
If a short circuit current ΙA and/or ΙB flows while the line isolator 1 is open, this implies that a fault in the stub
range between the current transformers ΙA, ΙB and the line isolator exists. The circuit breakers CBA and CBC
that carry the short-circuit current can be tripped without delay. The two sets of current transformers are
connected in parallel such that the current sum ΙA + ΙB represents the current flowing towards the line isolator.
The stub protection is an overcurrent protection which is only in service when the state of the line isolator
indicates the open condition via a binary input >I-STUB ENABLE. The binary input must therefore be oper-
ated via an auxiliary contact of the isolator. In the case of a closed line isolator, the stub protection is out of
service. For more information see the next logic diagram.
If the stub protection stage is to be used as a normal definite time overcurrent stage, the binary input >BLOCK
I-STUB should be left without allocation or routing (matrix). However the release input >I-STUB ENABLE
must be continually activated (either via a binary input or via the user definable logic functions CFC).
[logikdiagramm-endfehlerschutz-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
1) The output indications associated with the pickup signals can be found in Table 2-3
2) The output indications associated with the trip signals can be found in Table 2-4
For the tripping signals (Table 2-4) the stage which caused the tripping is also output. If the device has the
option to trip single-pole and if this option has been activated, the pole which has been tripped is also indi-
cated in case of single-pole tripping (refer also to Section 2.8.1 Function Control “Tripping Logic of the Entire
Device”).
General
During configuration of the scope of functions for the device (address 126) the available characteristics were
determined. Depending on the configuration and the order variant, only those parameters that apply to the
selected characteristics are accessible in the procedures described below.
At address 2601 Operating Mode you switch time overcurrent protection ON- or OFF.
If not all stages are required, each individual stage can be deactivated by setting the pickup threshold to ∞.
But if you set only an associated time delay to ∞ this does not suppress the pickup signals but prevents the
timers from running.
One or several stages can be set as instantaneous tripping stages when switching onto a fault. This is chosen
during the setting of the individual stages (see below). To avoid a spurious pick-up due to transient overcur-
rents, the delay SOTF Time DELAY (address 2680) can be set. Typically, the presetting of 0s is correct. A
short delay can be useful in case of long cables for which high inrush currents can be expected, or for trans-
formers. This delay depends on the intensity and the duration of the transient overcurrents as well as on
which stages were selected for the fast switch onto fault clearance.
From that the line impedance ZL and the source impedance ZS are calculated:
[fo_7sa6_fkt-UMZ_bsp, 1, en_GB]
[formel-ueberstromzeit-hochstrom-1-oz-010802, 1, en_GB]
[formel-ueberstromzeit-hochstrom-2-oz-010802, 1, en_GB]
With a safety factor of 10%, the following primary setting value is calculated:
Setting value Ι>> = 1.1 · 2150 A = 2365 A
or the secondary setting value:
[formel-ueberstromzeit-hochstrom-3-oz-010802, 1, en_GB]
If short-circuit currents exceed 2365 A (primary) or 19.7 A (secondary), there is a short circuit on the line to be
protected. This fault can immediately be cleared by the time overcurrent protection.
Note: the calculation was carried out with absolute values, which is sufficiently precise for overhead lines. If
the angles of the source impedance and the line impedance vary considerably, a complex calculation must be
carried out.
A similar calculation must be carried out for earth faults, with the maximum earth current occurring at the line
end during a short-circuit being decisive.
The set time delays are pure additional delays, which do not include the operating time (measuring time).
The parameter I>> InstTrip BI (address 2614) determines, whether the time delays >O/C InstTRIP
(No 7110) or the automatic reclosure in ready state can be bypassed by the binary input T Iph>> (address
2611) and T 3I0>> (address2613) is possible. The binary input (if allocated) is applied to all stages of the
time-overcurrent protection. With I>> InstTrip BI = YES you define that the Ι>> stages trip without delay
after pickup if the binary input was activated. For I>> InstTrip BI = NO the set delays are always active
If the Ι>>-stage, when switching the line onto a fault, is to trip without delay or with a short delay, SOTF
Time DELAY (address 2680, see above under margin heading “General”) set the parameter I>> SOTF
(address 2615) to YES. Any other stage can be selected as well for this instantaneous tripping.
corresponding to
Ιmax = 630 A
Current Transformer 600 A/5 A
Safety factor 1.1
[formel-ueberstromzeit-ueberstrom-oz-310702, 1, en_GB]
The earth current stage 3I0> (address 2622), should be set to detect the smallest earth fault current to be
expected.
The settable time delay T Iph> (address 2621) results from the grading coordination chart defined for the
system.
The time T 3I0> (address 2623) can normally be set shorter, according to a separate time grading schedule
for earth currents.
The set times are mere additional delays for the independent stages, which do not include the inherent oper-
ating time of the protection. If only the phase currents are to be monitored, set the pickup value of the earth
fault stage to ∞.
The parameter I> Telep/BI (address 2624) defines whether the time delays T Iph> (address 2621) and T
3I0> (address 2623) can be bypassed by the binary input >O/C InstTRIP. The binary input (if allocated) is
applied to all stages of the time-overcurrent protection. With I> Telep/BI = YES you define that the Ι>
stages trip without delay after pickup if the binary input was activated. For I> Telep/BI = NO the set delays
are always active.
If the Ι> stage, when switching the line onto a fault, is to retrip without delay or with a short delay SOTF
Time DELAY (address 2680, see above under side title “General”), set parameter I> SOTF (address 2625) to
YES. We recommend, however, not to choose the sensitive setting for the fast tripping as switching onto a
fault typically causes a solid short circuit. It is important to avoid that the selected stage picks up due to transi-
ents during line energization.
Overcurrent Stages Ιp, 3Ι0p for Inverse-time Overcurrent Protection with IEC Characteristics
In the case of the inverse time overcurrent stages, various characteristics can be selected, depending on the
ordering version of the device and the configuration (address 126). With IEC characteristics (address 126
Back-Up O/C = TOC IEC) the following options are available in address 2660 IEC Curve:
Normal Inverse (inverse, type A according to IEC 60255-3),
Very Inverse (very inverse, type B according to IEC 60255-3),
Extremely Inv. (extremely inverse, type C according to IEC 60255-3) and
LongTimeInverse (longtime, type B according to IEC 60255-3).
The characteristics and equations they are based on are listed in the „Technical Data“.
For the setting of the current thresholds Ip> (address 2640) and 3I0p PICKUP (address 2650) the same
considerations as for the overcurrent stages of the definite time protection (see above) apply. In this case, it
must be noted that a safety margin between the pickup threshold and the set value has already been incorpo-
rated. Pickup only occurs at a current which is approximately 10 % above the set value.
The above example shows that the maximum expected operating current may directly be applied as setting
here.
Primary: Set value ΙP = 630 A,
Secondary: Set value ΙP = 5.25 A, d.h. (630 A/600 A) · 5 A.
The time multiplier to be set T Ip Time Dial (address 2642) results from the grading coordination chart
created for the system.
The time multiplier setting T 3I0p TimeDial (address 2652) can usually be set smaller according to a sepa-
rate earth fault grading plan. If only the phase currents are to be monitored, set the pickup value of the earth
fault stage to ∞.
In addition to the current-dependent delays, a time fixed delay can be set, if necessary. The settings T Ip
Add (address 2646 for phase currents) and T 3I0p Add (address 2656 for earth currents) are in addition to
the time delays resulting from the set curves.
The parameter I(3I0)p Tele/BI (address 2670) defines whether the time delays T Ip Time Dial
(address 2642), including the additional delay T Ip Add (address 2646), and T 3I0p TimeDial (address
2652), including the additional delay T 3I0p Add (address 2656), can be bypassed by the binary input >O/C
InstTRIP (No. 7110). The binary input (if allocated) is applied to all stages of the time-overcurrent protec-
tion. With I(3I0)p Tele/BI = YES you define that the IP stages trip without delay after pickup if the binary
input was activated. For I(3I0)p Tele/BI = NO the set delays are always active.
If the ΙP stage, when switching the line onto a fault, is to retrip without delay or with a short delay SOTF
Time DELAY (address 2680, see above under side title “General”), set parameter I(3I0)p SOTF (address
2671) to YES. We recommend, however, not to choose the sensitive setting for the fast tripping as switching
onto a fault typically causes a solid short circuit. It is important to avoid that the selected stage picks up due to
transients during line energization.
Overcurrent Stages Ιp, 3Ι0p for inverse-time O/C protection with ANSI characteristic
In the case of the inverse time overcurrent stages, various characteristics can be selected, depending on the
ordering version of the device and the configuration (address 126). With ANSI characteristics (address 126
Back-Up O/C = TOC ANSI) the following options are available in address 2661 ANSI Curve:
Inverse,
Short Inverse,
Long Inverse,
Moderately Inv.,
Very Inverse,
Extremely Inv. and
Definite Inv..
For the setting of the current thresholds Ip> (address 2640) and 3I0p PICKUP (address 2650) the same
considerations as for the overcurrent stages of the definite time protection (see above) apply. In this case, it
must be noted that a safety margin between the pickup threshold and the set value has already been incorpo-
rated. Pickup only occurs at a current which is approximately 10 % above the set value.
For the setting of the current thresholds Ip> (address 2640) and 3I0p PICKUP (address 2650), the same
considerations as for the overcurrent stages of the definite time protection (see above) apply. In this case, it
must be noted that a safety margin between the pickup threshold and the set value has already been incorpo-
rated. Pickup only occurs at a current which is approximately 10°% above the set value.
The above example shows that the maximum expected operating current may directly be applied as setting
here.
Primary: Set value ΙP = 630 A,
Secondary: Setting value ΙP = 5.25 A, d.h. (630 A/600 A) · 5 A.
The time multiplier to be set Time Dial TD Ip (address 2643) results from the grading coordination chart
created for the system.
The time multiplier setting TimeDial TD3I0p (address 2653) can usually be set smaller according to a sepa-
rate earth fault grading plan. If only the phase currents are to be monitored, set the pickup value of the earth
fault stage to ∞.
In addition to the inverse-time delays, a delay of constant length can be set, if necessary. The settings T Ip
Add (address 2646 for phase currents) and T 3I0p Add (address 2656 for ground current) are added to the
times of the set characteristic curves.
The parameter I(3I0)p Tele/BI (address 2670) defines whether the time delays Time Dial TD Ip
(address 2643), including the additional delay T Ip Add (address 2646), and TimeDial TD3I0p (address
2653), including the additional delay T 3I0p Add (address 2656), can be bypassed by the binary input >O/C
InstTRIP (No. 7110). The binary input (if allocated) is applied to all stages of the time-overcurrent protec-
tion. With I(3I0)p Tele/BI = YES you define that the IP stages trip without delay after pickup if the binary
input was activated. For I(3I0)p Tele/BI = NO the set delays are always active.
If the ΙP stage, when switching the line onto a fault, is to retrip without delay or with a short delay SOTF
Time DELAY (address 2680, see above under side title “General”), set parameter I(3I0)p SOTF (address
2671) to YES. We recommend, however, not to choose the sensitive setting for the fast tripping as switching
onto a fault typically causes a solid short circuit. It is important to avoid that the selected stage picks up due to
transients during line energization.
is set below the minimum single-phase current. If only the phase currents are to be monitored, set the pickup
value of the residual current stage to ∞ .
The times T Iph STUB (address 2631) and T 3I0 STUB (address 2633) are set to 0 s for this application, so
that the protection triggers with open isolator.
If this stage is applied differently, similar considerations as for the other overcurrent stages apply.
The parameter I-STUB Telep/BI (address 2634) determines, whether the time delays >O/C InstTRIP
can be bypassed by the binary input T Iph STUB (address 2631) and T 3I0 STUB (address 2633) is
possible. The binary input (if allocated) is applied to all stages of the time-overcurrent protection. With I-
STUB Telep/BI = YES you determine that the Ι>>>-stages trip without delay after pickup if the binary input
was activated. For I-STUB Telep/BI = NO the set delays are always active
If the Ι>>>-stage, when switching the line onto a fault, is to trip without delay or with a short delay, SOTF
Time DELAY (address 2680, see above under margin heading “General”) set the parameter I-STUB SOTF
(address 2635) to YES. When used as stub fault protection, select the setting NO since the effect of this protec-
tion function solely depends on the position of the isolator.
2.3.4 Settings
The table indicates region-specific presettings. Column C (configuration) indicates the corresponding secon-
dary nominal current of the current transformer.
Addr. Parameter C Setting Options Default Setting Comments
2601 Operating Mode ON ON Operating mode
OFF
2610 Iph>> 1A 0.05 .. 50.00 A 2.00 A Iph>> Pickup
5A 0.25 .. 250.00 A 10.00 A
2611 T Iph>> 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 0.30 sec T Iph>> Time delay
2612 3I0>> PICKUP 1A 0.05 .. 25.00 A 0.50 A 3I0>> Pickup
5A 0.25 .. 125.00 A 2.50 A
2613 T 3I0>> 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 2.00 sec T 3I0>> Time delay
2614 I>> InstTrip BI NO YES Instantaneous trip via BI
YES
2615 I>> SOTF NO NO Instantaneous trip after
YES SwitchOnToFault
2620 Iph> 1A 0.05 .. 50.00 A 1.50 A Iph> Pickup
5A 0.25 .. 250.00 A 7.50 A
2621 T Iph> 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 0.50 sec T Iph> Time delay
2622 3I0> 1A 0.05 .. 25.00 A 0.20 A 3I0> Pickup
5A 0.25 .. 125.00 A 1.00 A
2623 T 3I0> 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 2.00 sec T 3I0> Time delay
2624 I> Telep/BI NO NO Instantaneous trip via Tele-
YES prot./BI
2625 I> SOTF NO NO Instantaneous trip after
YES SwitchOnToFault
2630 Iph> STUB 1A 0.05 .. 50.00 A 1.50 A Iph> STUB Pickup
5A 0.25 .. 250.00 A 7.50 A
2631 T Iph STUB 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 0.30 sec T Iph STUB Time delay
2632 3I0> STUB 1A 0.05 .. 25.00 A 0.20 A 3I0> STUB Pickup
5A 0.25 .. 125.00 A 1.00 A
2633 T 3I0 STUB 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 2.00 sec T 3I0 STUB Time delay
General
For comparing the two voltages, the synchro check uses the voltages Usy1 and Usy2. If the voltage transformers
for the protection functions (Usy1) are connected to the feeder side, Usy2 has to be connected to a busbar
voltage. If, however, the voltage transformers for the protection functions Usy1 are connected to the busbar
side, the Usy2 has to be connected to a feeder voltage.
Usy2 can be any phase-to-earth or phase-to-phase voltage (see Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes margin heading
“Voltage Connection”).
[synchronkontr-einschalten-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
If a power transformer is located between the feeder voltage transformers and the busbar voltage trans-
formers (Figure 2-21), its vector group can be compensated for by the 7VK61 relay, so that no external
matching transformers are necessary.
[synchronkontr-trafo-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
The synchronism check function in the 7VK61 usually operates in conjunction with the integrated automatic
reclose, manual close, and the control functions of the relay. It is also possible to employ an external auto-
matic reclosing system. In such a case signal exchange between the devices is accomplished via binary inputs
and outputs (see Figure 2-22).
When closing via the integrated control function, the configured interlocking conditions may have to be veri-
fied before checking the conditions for synchronism. After the synchronism check grants the release, the inter-
locking conditions are not checked a second time.
Furthermore, switching is possible under synchronous or asynchronous system conditions or both.
Synchronous switching means that the closing command is issued as soon as the following critical values lie
within the set tolerances:
• Voltage magnitude difference AR maxVolt.Diff (address 3511) or MC maxVolt.Diff (address
3531)
• Request to execute a check synchronism measurement from an external automatic reclosure device. The
measuring request must be activated via the binary input >Sync. Start AR (No. 2906). The release
conditions for automatic reclosing apply (parameter AR...).
• Measuring request from the manual CLOSE detection. The manual CLOSE detection of the central func-
tion control (Section 2.8.1 Function Control) issues a measuring request provided that this was config-
ured in the power system data 2 (address 1151). This requires that the device is informed of the manual
closing via binary input >Manual Close (No. 356). The release conditions for manual closure apply
(parameter MC...).
• Request to execute a check synchronism measurement from an external closing command. Binary input
>Sync. Start MC (No. 2905) fulfills this purpose. Unlike >Manual Close (see previous paragraph),
this merely affects the measuring request to the synchronism check function, but not other integrated
manual CLOSE functions such as instantaneous tripping when switching onto a fault (e.g. accelerated
tripping of a time overcurrent stage). The release conditions for manual closure apply (parameter MC...).
• Measuring request from the integrated control function via control keys or via the serial interface using
DIGSI on a PC or from a control centre. The release conditions for manual closure apply (parameter
MC...).
The synchronism-check function gives permission for passage Sync. release (No. 2951) of the closing
command to the required function. Furthermore, a separate closing command is available as output indication
Sync.CloseCmd (No. 2961).
The check of the release conditions is limited by an adjustable synchronous monitoring time T-SYN. DURA-
TION. The configured conditions must be fulfilled within this time. If they are not, the synchronism will not be
checked. A new synchronism check sequence requires a new request.
The device generates messages if, after a request to check synchronism, the conditions for release are not
fulfilled, i.e. if the absolute voltage difference AR maxVolt.Diff or MC maxVolt.Diff, frequency differ-
ence AR maxFreq.Diff or MC maxFreq.Diff or angle difference AR maxAngleDiff or MC maxAngle-
Diff lie outside the permissible limit values. A precondition for these indications is that voltages within the
operating range of the relay are available. When a closing command originates from the integrated control
function and the conditions for synchronism are not fulfilled, the command is cancelled, i.e. the control func-
tion outputs “CO– ” (refer also to Section 2.10.1 Control Authorization).
[logik-synchrocheck-seite1, 1, en_GB]
[logik-synchrocheck-seite2-280404-st, 1, en_GB]
Operating modes
The closing check for automatic reclosing is possible in one of the following operating modes:
AR SYNC-CHECK Released at synchronism, that is when the critical
values AR maxVolt.Diff, AR maxFreq.Diff, AR
maxAngleDiff are within the set limits.
AR Usy1<Usy2> Released if measuring point Usy1< is de-energized
and the measuring point Usy2> is energized.
AR Usy1>Usy2< Released if measuring point Usy1> is energized and
the measuring point Usy2< is de-energized.
AR Usy1<Usy2< Released if measuring point Usy1< is de-energized
and the measuring point Usy2< is also de-energized.
AR OVERRIDE Released without any check.
The closing check for manual reclosing is possible in one of the following operating modes:
Each of these conditions can be enabled or disabled individually; combinations are also possible, e.g. release if
AR Usy1<Usy2> or AR Usy1>Usy2< are fulfilled). Combination of AR OVERRIDE with other parameters is,
of course, not reasonable (see also Figure 2-22).
The release conditions can be configured individually for automatic reclosing or for manual closing or for
closing via control commands. For example, manual closing and closing via control command can be allowed
in cases of synchronism or dead line, while, before an automatic reclose attempt dead line conditions are only
checked at one line end and after the automatic reclose attempt only synchronism at the other end.
Non-energized switching
To release the closing command to couple a dead overhead line to a live busbar, the following conditions are
checked:
• Is the feeder voltage below the set value Dead Volt. Thr.?
• Is the busbar voltage above the setting value Live Volt. Thr., but below the maximum voltage
Umax?
• Is the feeder voltage above the setting value Live Volt. Thr. but below the maximum voltage
Umax?
• Is the voltage difference |Usy1 – Usy2| within the permissible tolerance AR maxVolt.Diff or MC
maxVolt.Diff?
• Are the two frequencies fsy1 and fsy2 within the permitted operating range fN ± 3 Hz?
• Does the frequency difference |fsy1 – fsy2| lie within the permissible tolerance AR maxFreq.Diff or MC
maxFreq.Diff?
• Is the angle difference |φsy1 – φsy2| within the permissible tolerance AR maxAngleDiff or MC maxAn-
gleDiff?
To check whether these conditions are fulfilled for a certain minimum time, you can set this minimum time as
T SYNC-STAB Checking the synchronism conditions can also be confined to the a maximum monitoring time
T-SYN. DURATION. This implies that the conditions must be fulfilled within the time T-SYN. DURATION for
the duration of T SYNC-STAB. If this is the case, the closing release is granted.
• Is the feeder voltage above the setting value Live Volt. Thr. but below the maximum voltage
Umax?
• Are the two frequencies fsy1 and fsy2within the permitted operating range fN ± 3 Hz?
• Is the frequency difference |fsy1 – fsy2| within the permissible tolerance AR maxFreq.Diff or MC
maxFreq.Diff?
When the check has been terminated successfully, the device determines the next synchronizing time from
the angle difference and the frequency difference. The close command is issued at synchronization time
minus the operating time of the circuit breaker.
Measured values
The measured values of the synchronism check are displayed in separate boxes for primary and secondary
measured values and percentages.
The following is displayed:
• Value of reference voltage Usy1
• Value of the voltage to be synchronized Usy2
The primary measured values of the synchronism check are summarized in one of the preset default displays
(see Appendix D Default Settings and Protocol-dependent Functions).
Preconditions
When setting the general power system data a number of parameters regarding the measured quantities and
the operating mode of the synchronism check function must be applied.
This concerns the following parameters:
203 Unom PRIMARY primary rated voltage of the voltage transformers of
the protection functions (phase-to-phase) in kV,
measuring point Usy1;
204 Unom SECONDARY secondary rated voltage of the protection functions
(phase-to-phase) in V, measuring point Usy1;
210 U4 transformer voltage measurement input U4 must be set to Usy2
transf.;
212 Usy2 connection voltage connection of measuring point Usy2 (e.g. UL1–
L2),
230 Rated Frequency the operating range of the synchronism check refers
to the nominal frequency of the power system (fN±3
Hz);
1103 FullScaleVolt. nominal operational voltage of the primary power
system (phase-phase) in kV;
! WARNING
Switching under Asynchronous System Conditions!
Closing under asynchronous system conditions requires the closing time of the circuit breaker to be
set correctly in the Power System Data 1 (address 239).
² Otherwise, faulty synchronization may occur.
General
The synchronism check can only operate if during the configuration of the device scope (address 135) it has
been set to Enabled and the parameter U4 transformer (address 210) to Usy2 transf..
The measured values of the synchronism check (636 Udiff =, 637 Usy1=, 638 Usy2=, 647 F-diff=, 649
F-sy1 =, 646 F-sy2 = and 648 φdif=) are only available if the synchronism check is in service.
Different interrogation conditions can be parameterized for automatic reclosure on the one hand and for
manual closure on the other hand. Each closing command is considered a manual reclosure if it was initiated
via the integrated control function or via a serial interface.
The general limit values for synchronism check are set at address 3501 to 3508. Additionally, addresses 3510
to 3519 are relevant for automatic reclosure, addresses 3530 to 3539 are relevant for manual closure. More-
over, address 3509 is relevant for closure via the integrated control function.
At address 3501 FCT Synchronism you switch the entire synchronism check function ON- or OFF. If
switched off, the synchronism check does not verify the synchronization conditions and it finds keine Frei-
gabe. You can also set ON:w/o CloseCmd: The CLOSE command is in this case not included in the common
device alarm Relay CLOSE (No 510); but the alarm Sync.CloseCmd (No 2961) is issued.
Address 3502 Dead Volt. Thr. indicates the voltage threshold below which the feeder or the busbar can
safely be considered de-energized (for checking a de-energized feeder or busbar). The setting is applied in
Volts secondary. This value can be entered as a primary value when parameterising with a PC and DIGSI.
Depending on the VT connection these are phase-to-earth voltages or phase-to-phase voltages.
Address 3503 Live Volt. Thr. indicates the voltage above which the feeder or busbar is regarded as
being definitely energized (for energized line or busbar check and for the lower limit of synchronism check). It
must be set below the minimum operational undervoltage to be expected. The setting is applied in Volts
secondary. This value can be entered as a primary value when parameterising with a PC and DIGSI. Depending
on the VT connection these are phase-to-earth voltages or phase-to-phase voltages.
The maximum permissible voltage for the operating range of the synchronism check function is set in address
3504 Umax. The setting is applied in Volts secondary. This value can be entered as a primary value when
parameterising with a PC and DIGSI. Depending on the VT connection these are phase-to-earth voltages or
phase-to-phase voltages.
Verification of the release conditions via synchronism check can be limited to a configurable synchronous
monitoring time T-SYN. DURATION (address 3507). The configured conditions must be fulfilled within this
time. If not, closure will not be released. If this time is set to ∞ , the conditions will be checked until they are
fulfilled or the measurement request is cancelled.
For switching under synchronous conditions you can specify a delay time T SYNC-STAB (address 3508).
During this time the voltage criteria must at least be fulfilled before closing is released.
The five possible release conditions are independent of one another and can be combined.
allow asynchronous closing; the relay will then consider the circuit breaker closing time before determining
the correct instant for closing. Remember that closing under asynchronous system conditions is allowed only
if the circuit breaker closing time is set correctly (see above under “Preconditions”)! If you wish to permit
manual closure or closing via control command only under synchronous system conditions, set this address to
w/o T-CB close .
The permissible difference between the voltages is set in address 3531 MC maxVolt.Diff. The setting is
applied in Volts secondary. This value can be entered as a primary value when parameterising with a PC and
DIGSI. Depending on the VT connection these are phase-to-earth voltages or phase-to-phase voltages.
The permissible frequency difference between the voltages is set at address 3532 MC maxFreq.Diffthe
permissible phase angle difference at address 3533 MC maxAngleDiff.
The further release conditions for manual reclosing or reclosure via control command are set under addresses
3535 to 3539.
The following addresses mean:
3535 MC SYNCHR both measuring points Usy1 and Usy2 must be ener-
gized (Live Volt. Thr., address 3503); the
synchronism conditions are checked, i.e. MC
maxVolt.Diff (address 3531), MC maxFreq.Diff
(address 3532) and MC maxAngleDiff (address
3533). This parameter can only be altered in DIGSI at
Display Additional Settings;
3536 MC Usy1< Usy2> the measuring point Usy1 must be de-energized Dead
Volt. Thr., address 3502), the measuring point
Usy2 must be energized (Live Volt. Thr., address
3503) ;
3537 MC Usy1> Usy2< the measuring point Usy1 must be energized (Live
Volt. Thr., address 3503), the measuring point
Usy2 must be de-energized (Dead Volt. Thr.,
address 3502);
3538 MC Usy1< Usy2< both measuring points Usy1 and Usy2 must be de-ener-
gized ( Dead Volt. Thr., address 3502);
3539 MC OVERRIDE manual closing or closing via control command is
released without any check.
The five possible release conditions are independent of one another and can be combined.
NOTE
i The closing functions of the device issue individual output indications for the corresponding close
command. Be sure that the output indications are assigned to the correct output relays.
No 2851 AR CLOSE Cmd. for CLOSE via command of the automatic reclosure,
No 562 Man.Close Cmd for manual CLOSE via binary input,
No. 2961 Sync.CloseCmd for CLOSE via synchronism check (not required if synchronism check releases
the other CLOSE commands),
No 7329 CB1-TEST close for CLOSE by circuit breaker test
additionally CLOSE command via control, e.g. Brk Close
No 510 Relay CLOSE general CLOSE command. It comprises all CLOSE commands described above.
Connections
The 7VK61 provides three voltage inputs for connection of the reference voltage Usy1 and one voltage input
for the voltage Usy2to be synchronized (see example in Figure 2-23). If the connection is to all three phases,
the phase-to-earth voltages are always connected for Usy1 whereas all connection types (phase-to-earth,
phase-to-phase) are allowed for the single-phase connection of Usy1. The latter holds also for the voltage Usy2
to be synchronized. If the connections Usy1 and Usy2 differ with regard to the phase angle, parameter 214 φ
Usy2-Usy1 is to be set to adjust the angle.
Connection, multiple-phase
If the phase-to-earth voltages are connected to all three phases, parameter 106 is set to VT CONNECTION =
3phase during configuration. The following figure shows a connection example. In this example, the phase-
to-earth voltage UL1–E is the voltage to be synchronized. Accordingly for the parameter 212 Usy2 connec-
tion = L1-E must be selected, so that corresponding voltages will be compared.
[sync-dreiphasenanschluss-l-e-131102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Connection, single-phase
If only a single-phase voltage is available as reference voltage Usy1, parameter 106 is set to VT CONNECTION =
1phase during configuration. If this type of connection is used, the reference voltage Usy1 must always be
connected to the voltage input UL1 of the 7VK61, regardless of the phase actually used at the primary voltage
transformer. In this case, parameter 212 will be hidden since only two voltages are available. As the example
in the following figure shows, the reference voltage Usy1 does not necessarily have to assume the same phase
angle as the voltage Usy2 to be synchronized. The reference voltage on primary side is UL2–E, the voltage to be
synchronized on primary side is UL3–E. The necessary phase-angle adjustment is here accomplished via
parameter 214 φ Usy2-Usy1. Should also the amplitudes of the two voltages differ from each other, param-
eter 215 Usy1/Usy2 ratio can be set to adjust them.
[sync-einphasenanschluss-l-e-131102-kn, 1, en_GB]
2.4.3 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
Addr. Parameter Setting Options Default Setting Comments
3501 FCT Synchronism ON ON Synchronism and Voltage Check
OFF function
ON:w/o CloseCmd
3502 Dead Volt. Thr. 1 .. 100 V 5V Voltage threshold dead line / bus
3503 Live Volt. Thr. 20 .. 125 V 90 V Voltage threshold live line / bus
3504 Umax 20 .. 140 V 110 V Maximum permissible voltage
Phase-to-earth overvoltage
Figure 2-25 depicts the logic diagram of the phase voltage stages. The fundamental component is numerically
filtered from each of the three measuring voltages so that harmonics or transient voltage peaks are largely
eliminated. Two threshold stages Uph-e> (address3702) and Uph-e>> (address 3704) are compared with the
voltages. If a phase voltage exceeds these thresholds, it is indicated in a phase-segregated way. In addition
there is a general pickup indication for each stage Uph-e> Pickup and Uph-e>> Pickup. The drop out to
pick up ratio can be set (Uph-e>(>) RESET (address3709)).
Every stage starts a time delay which is common to all phases. Expiry of the respective time delay T Uph-e>
(address3703) or T Uph-e>> (address3705) is signaled and normally results in the trip command Uph-
e>(>) TRIP.
The phase-to-earth overvoltage protection can be blocked via a binary input >Uph-e>(>) BLK.
[logikdia-ueberspgschutz-phasenspg-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-25 Logic diagram of the overvoltage protection for phase voltage
Phase-to-phase overvoltage
The phase-to-phase overvoltage protection operates just like the phase-to-earth protection except that it
detects phase-to-phase voltages. Accordingly, phase-to-phase voltages which have exceeded one of the stage
thresholds Uph-ph> (address 3712) or Uph-ph>> (address3714 are also indicated. Beyond this, applies in
principle. Figure 2-25.
The phase-to-phase overvoltage protection can also be blocked via a binary input >Uph-ph>(>) BLK.
The device calculates the positive sequence system according to its defining equation
U1 = 1/3·(UL1 + a·UL2 + a2·UL3)
where a = ej120°.
The resulting positive sequence voltage is fed to the two threshold stages U1> (address 3732) and U1>>
(address 3734) (see Figure 2-26). Combined with the associated time delays T U1> (address 3733) and T
U1>> (address 3735), these stages form a two-stage overvoltage protection based on the positive sequence
system. Here too, the drop-out to pickup ratio can be set.
The overvoltage protection for the positive sequence system can also be blocked via a binary input >U1>(>)
BLK.
[logikdia-ueberspgschutz-spgmitsys-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-26 Logic diagram of the overvoltage protection for the positive sequence voltage system
Please bear in mind that the device is designed for a three-phase voltage connection. Single-phase connection
is also possible but no adjustments have been made in this respect. This must be taken into consideration
when setting the pickup value.
The device calculates the negative sequence system voltages according to its defining equation:
U2 = 1/3·(UL1 + a2·UL2 + a·UL3)
where a = ej120°.
The resulting negative sequence voltage is fed to the two threshold stages U2> (address 3742) and U2>>
(address 3744). Figure 2-27 shows the logic diagram. Combined with the associated time delays T U2>
(address 3743) and T U2>> (address 3745), these stages form a two-stage overvoltage protection for the
negative sequence system. Here too, the drop-out to pickup ratio can be set.
[logikdia-ueberspgschutz-u2-spggegsys-wlk-280802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-27 Logic diagram of the overvoltage protection for the negative sequence voltage system U2
The overvoltage protection for the negative sequence system can also be blocked via a binary input >U2>(>)
BLK. The stages of the negative sequence voltage protection are automatically blocked as soon as an asym-
metrical voltage failure was detected (“Fuse-Failure-Monitor”, also see Section 2.7.1 Measurement Supervi-
sion, margin heading “Fast Fuse Failure Monitor (Non-symmetrical Voltages)”)“ or when tripping of the MCB
for voltage transformers has been signalled via the binary input >FAIL:Feeder VT.
During the single-pole dead time, the stages of the negative-sequence overvoltage protection are automati-
cally blocked since the occurring negative sequence values are only influenced by the asymmetrical power
flow, not by the fault in the system. If the device cooperates with an external automatic reclosure function, or
if a singlepole tripping can be triggered by a different protection system (working in parallel), the overvoltage
protection for the negative sequence system must be blocked via a binary input during single-pole tripping.
Please bear in mind that the device is designed for a three-phase voltage connection. Single-phase connection
is also possible but no adjustments have been made in this respect. This must be taken into consideration
when setting the pickup value.
Figure 2-28 depicts the logic diagram of the zero-sequence voltage stage. The fundamental component is
numerically filtered from the measuring voltage so that the harmonics or transient voltage peaks remain
largely eliminated.
The triple zero-sequence voltage 3·U0 is fed to the two threshold stages 3U0> (address 3722) and 3U0>>
(address 3724). Combined with the associated time delays T 3U0> (address 3723) and T 3U0>> (address
3725), these stages form a two-stage overvoltage protection for the zero-sequence system. Here too, the
dropout to pickup ratio can be set (3U0>(>) RESET, address 3U0>(>) RESET). Furthermore, a restraint
delay can be configured which is implemented by repeated measuring (approx. 3 periods).
The overvoltage protection for the zero-sequence system can also be blocked via a binary input >3U0>(>)
BLK. The stages of the zero-sequence voltage protection are automatically blocked as soon as an asymmetrical
voltage failure was detected (“Fuse-Failure-Monitor”, also see Section 2.7.1 Measurement Supervision, margin
heading “Fuse Failure Monitor (Non-symmetrical Voltages)”) or when the trip of the mcb for voltage trans-
formers has been signalled via the binary input >FAIL:Feeder VT (internal indication “internal blocking”).
The stages of the zero-sequence voltage protection are automatically blocked during single-pole automatic
reclose dead time to avoid pickup with the asymmetrical power flow arising during this state. If the device
cooperates with an external automatic reclosure function, or if a single-pole tripping can be triggered by a
different protection system (working in parallel), the overvoltage protection for the zero-sequence system
must be blocked via a binary input during single-pole tripping.
This automatic blocking function requires the condition of the system to be detected without doubt. This
means that it is only active if all three current and voltage transformers are connected.
According to Figure 2-28 the device calculates the voltage to be monitored:
3·U0 = UL1 + UL2 + UL3.
This applies if no suitable voltage is connected to the fourth measuring input U4.
However, if the displacement voltage Udelta of the voltage transformer set is directly connected to the fourth
measuring input U4 of the device and this information was entered during configuration, the device will auto-
matically use this voltage and calculate the triple zero-sequence voltage.
3·U0 = Uph / Udelta ·U4
Since the voltage transformation ratio of the voltage transformer set is usually
[spguebersetz-spgwdlr-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
the factor is set to Uph / Udelta = 3/√3 = √3 = 1.73. For more details, refer to Power System Data 1 at
margin heading “Voltage Connections” via address 211.
[logikdia-ueberspgschutz-nullspg-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-28 Logic diagram of the overvoltage protection for zero sequence voltage
Undervoltage Phase-to-earth
Figure 2-29 depicts the logic diagram of the phase voltage stages. The fundamental component is numerically
filtered from each of the three measuring voltages so that harmonics or transient voltage peaks are largely
eliminated. Two threshold stages Uph-e< (address 3752) and Uph-e<< (address 3754) are compared with
the voltages. If the phase voltage falls below a threshold it is indicated in a phase-segregated way. Further-
more, a general pickup indication Uph-e< Pickup and Uph-e<< Pickup is given. The drop-out to pickup
ratio can be set (Uph-e<(<) RESET, address 3759).
Every stage starts a time delay which is common to all phases. The expiry of the respective time delay T Uph-
e< (address 3753) or T Uph-e<< (address 3755) is signalled and usually results in the trip commandUph-
e<(<) TRIP.
Depending on the configuration of the substations, the voltage transformers are located on the busbar side or
on the outgoing feeder side. This results in a different behaviour of the undervoltage protection when the line
is de-energised. While the voltage usually remains present or reappears on the busbar side after a trip
command and opening of the circuit breaker, it becomes zero on the outgoing side. For the undervoltage
protection, this results in a pickup state being present if the voltage transformers are on the outgoing side. If
this pickup must be reset, the current can be used as an additional criterion (current supervision CURR.SUP.
Uphe<, address 3758) to achieve this result. Undervoltage will then only be detected if, together with the
undervoltage condition, the minimum current PoleOpenCurrent of the corresponding phase is also
exceeded. This condition is communicated by the central function control of the device.
The undervoltage protection phase-to-earth can be blocked via a binary input Uph-e<(<) BLK. The stages of
the undervoltage protection are then automatically blocked if a voltage failure is detected (“Fuse-Failure-
Monitor”, also see Section 2.7.1 Measurement Supervision) or if the trip of the mcb of the voltage trans-
formers is indicated (internal blocking) via the binary input >FAIL:Feeder VT.
Also during a single-pole automatic reclose dead time the stages of the undervoltage protection are automati-
cally blocked in the pole open state. If necessary, the current criterion will be considered, so that the stages do
not respond to the undervoltage of the disconnected phase when voltage transformers are located on the
outgoing side. Only such stages are blocked during the single-pole dead time that can actually generate a trip
command according to their setting.
This automatic blocking function requires the condition of the system to be detected without doubt. This
means that it is only active if all three current and voltage transformers are connected.
[logikdia-unterspgschutz-phasenspg-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-29 Logic diagram of the undervoltage protection for phase voltages
Phase-to-phase undervoltage
Basically, the phase-to-phase undervoltage protection operates like the phase-to-earth protection except that
it detects phase-to-phase voltages. Accordingly, both phases are indicated during pickup of an undervoltage
stage the value fell below one of the stage thresholds Uph-ph< (address 3762) or Uph-ph<< (address 3764).
Beyond this, Figure 2-29 applies in principle.
It is sufficient for the current criterion that current flow is detected in one of the involved phases.
The phase-to-phase undervoltage protection can also be blocked via a binary input>Uphph<(<) BLK. There
is an automatic blocking if the measuring voltage failure was detected or voltage mcb tripping was indicated
(internal blocking of the phases affected by the voltage failure).
During single-pole dead time for automatic reclosure the stages of the undervoltage protection are automati-
cally blocked in the disconnected phase so that they do not respond to the undervoltage of the disconnected
phase provided that the voltage transformers are located on the outgoing side. Only such stages are blocked
during the single-pole dead time that can actually initiate tripping according to their setting.
This automatic blocking function requires the condition of the system to be detected without doubt. This
means that it is only active if all three current and voltage transformers are connected.
The device calculates the positive sequence system according to its defining equation
U1 = 1/3·(UL1 + a·UL2 + a2·UL3)
where a = ej120°.
The resulting positive sequence voltage is fed to the two threshold stages U1< (address 3772) and U1<<
(address 3774 (see Figure 2-30). Combined with the associated time delays T U1< (address 3773) and T
U1<< (address 3775). these stages form a two-stage undervoltage protection for the positive sequence
system.
The current can be used as an additional criterion for the undervoltage protection of the positive sequence
system (current supervision CURR.SUP.U1<, address 3778). An undervoltage is only detected if the current
flow is detected in at least one phase together with the undervoltage criterion.
The undervoltage protection for the positive sequence system can be blocked via the binary input >U1<(<)
BLK. The stages of the undervoltage protection are automatically blocked if voltage failure is detected (“Fuse-
Failure-Monitor”, also see Section 2.7.1 Measurement Supervision) or, if the trip of the mcb for the voltage
transformer is indicated via the binary input >FAIL:Feeder VT.
[logikdia-unterspgschutz-spgmitsys-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-30 Logic diagram of the undervoltage protection for positive sequence voltage system
During single-pole dead time for automatic reclosure, the stages of positive sequence undervoltage protection
are automatically blocked. In this way, the stages do not respond to the reduced positive sequence voltage
caused by the disconnected phase in case the voltage transformers are located on the outgoing side.
This automatic blocking function requires the condition of the system to be detected without doubt. This
means that it is only active if all three current and voltage transformers are connected.
Please bear in mind that the device is designed for a three-phase voltage connection. Single-phase connection
is also possible but no adjustments have been made in this respect. This must be taken into consideration
when selecting the stage and the pickup value.
General
The voltage protection can only operate if, when configuring the device scope (address 137), it has been set
to Enabled.
The overvoltage and undervoltage stages can detect phase-to-earth voltages, phase-to-phase voltages or the
positive sequence voltages; for overvoltage also the negative sequence voltage, zero-sequence voltage or a
different single-phase voltage can be used. Any combination is possible. Stages that are not required are
switched OFF.
NOTE
i For overvoltage protection it is particularly important to observe the setting notes: NEVER set an over-
voltage stage (UL-E, UL-L, U1)lower than an undervoltage stage. This would put the device immediately into a
state of permanent pickup which cannot be reset by any measured value operation. As a result, operation
of the device would be impossible!
Please bear in mind that the device is designed for a three-phase voltage transformer connection. If the
connection is only single-phase, internal matching of the measured quantities will not take place. The positive-
sequence component for example is only one third when the connection is to one phase as compared to the
three-phase symmetrical connection. Since it is the smallest of the connected voltages which is relevant for
the phase-earth or phase-phase stages of the undervoltage protection, these stages are not suitable for a
single-phase connection.
Phase-to-earth overvoltage
The phase voltage stages can be switched ON or OFF in address 3701 Uph-e>(>). In addition to this, you can
set Alarm Only, i.e. these stages operate and send alarms but do not generate any trip command. The
setting U>Alarm U>>Trip creates in addition also a trip command only for the U>> stage.
The settings of the voltage threshold and the timer values depend on the type of application. To detect steady-
state overvoltages on long lines carrying no load, set the Uph-e> stage (address 3702) to at least 5 % above
the maximum stationary phase-to-earth voltage expected during operation. Additionally, a high dropout to
pickup ratio is required (address 3709 Uph-e>(>) RESET = 0.98 presetting). This parameter can only be
changed in DIGSI at Display Additional Settings. The delay time T Uph-e> (address 3703) should be a few
seconds so that overvoltages with short duration do not cause tripping.
The Uph>> stage (address 3704) is provided for high overvoltages with short duration. Here an adequately
high pickup value is set, e.g. the 11/2-fold of the nominal phase-to-earth voltage. 0.1 s to 0.2 s are sufficient
for the delay time T Uph-e>> (address 3705).
Phase-to-phase overvoltage
Basically, the same considerations apply as for the phase voltage stages. These stages can be used instead of
the phase voltage stages or additionally. Depending on your choice, set address 3711 Uph-ph>(>) to ON,
OFF, Alarm Only or U>Alarm U>>Trip.
As phase-to-phase voltages are monitored, the phase-to-phase values are used for the settings Uph-ph>
(address 3712) and Uph-ph>> (address 3714).
For the delay times T Uph-ph> (address 3713) and T Uph-ph>> (address 3715) the same considerations
apply as above. The same is true for the pickup ratios (address 3719 Uphph>(>) RESET). The latter setting
can only be altered in DIGSI at Display Additional Settings.
You can use the positive sequence voltage stages instead of or in addition to previously mentioned over-
voltage stages. Depending on your choice, set address 3731 U1>(>) to ON, OFF, Alarm Only or U>Alarm
U>>Trip.
For symmetrical voltages an increase of the positive sequence system corresponds to an AND gate of the
voltages. These stages are particularly suited to the detection of steady-state overvoltages on long, weak-
loaded transmission lines (Ferranti effect). Here too, the U1> stage (address 3732) with a longer delay time T
U1> (address 3733) is used for the detection of steady-state overvoltages (some seconds), the U1>> stage
(address 3734) with the short delay time T U1>> (address 3735) is used for the detection of high overvol-
tages that may jeopardise insulation.
Note that the positive sequence system is established according to its defining equation
U1 = 1/3·|UL1 + a·UL2 + a2·UL3|. For symmetrical voltages this is equivalent to a phase-to-earth voltage.
The dropout to pickup ratio (address 3739 U1>(>) RESET) is set as high as possible with regard to the detec-
tion of even small steady-state overvoltages. This parameter can only be altered in DIGSI at Display Additional
Settings.
The negative sequence voltage stages detect asymmetrical voltages. If such voltages should cause tripping,
set address 3741 U2>(>) to ON. If such conditions will only be reported, set address 3741 U2>(>) to Alarm
Only. If only one stage is desired to generate a trip command, choose the setting U>Alarm U>>Trip. With
this setting a trip command is output by the 2nd stage only. If negative sequence voltage protection is not
required, set OFF.
This protection function also has two stages, one being U2> stage (address 3742) with a longer time delay T
U2> (address 3743) for steady-state asymmetrical voltages and the other being U2>> stage (address 3744)
with a short delay time T U2>> (address 3745) for high asymmetrical voltages.
Note that the negative sequence system is calculated according to its defining equation U2 = 1/3·|
UL1 + a2·UL2 + a·UL3|. For symmetrical voltages and two swapped phases this is equivalent to the phase-to-
earth voltage value.
The resetting ratio can be changed U2>(>) RESET using the address 3749. This parameter can only be
altered in DIGSI at Display Additional Settings.
• If U4 is connected with Uen voltage of the set of voltage transformers and this is set as with the Power
System Data 1 (see Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes at margin heading “Voltage Connection”, address 210
U4 transformer = Udelta transf.), the device multiplies this voltage by the matching ratio Uph /
Udelta (address 211), usually with 1.73. Therefore the voltage measured is √3·Uen = 3·U0. When the
voltage triangle is fully displaced, the voltage will be √3 times the phase-to-phase voltage.
• If any other voltage is connected to U4 which is not used for voltage protection, and if this was already
set in the Power System Data 1 (refer also to Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes at margin heading “Voltage
Connection”, e.g. U4 transformer = Usy2 transf. or U4 transformer = Not connected), the
device calculates the zero-sequence voltage from the phase voltages according to its definition 3·U0 = |
UL1 + UL2 + UL3|. When the voltage triangle is fully displaced, the voltage will thus be √3 times the phase-
to-phase voltage.
• If any other AC voltage is connected to U4 which is used for voltage protection, and if this was already set
in the Power System Data 1 (Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes at margin heading “Voltage Connection”, U4
transformer = Ux transformer), this voltage will be used for the voltage stages without any further
factors. This “zero-sequence voltage protection” is then, in reality, a single-phase voltage protection for
any kind of voltage at U4. Note that with a sensitive setting, i.e. close to operational values that are to be
expected, not only the time delay T 3U0> (address 3723) must be set high, but also the reset ratio
3U0>(>) RESET(address 3729) must be set as high as possible.
Phase-to-earth undervoltage
The phase voltage stages can be switched ON or OFF in address 3751 Uph-e<(<). In addition to this, you can
set Alarm Only, i.e. these stages operate and send alarms but do not generate any trip command. You can
generate a trip command for the 2nd stage only in addition to the alarm by setting U<Alarm U<<Trip.
This undervoltage protection function has two stages. The Uph-e< stage (address 3752) with a longer setting
of the time T Uph-e< (address 3753) operates in the case of minor undervoltages. However, the value set
here must not be higher than the undervoltage permissible in operation. In the presence of higher voltage
dips, the Uph-e<< stage (address 3754) with the delay T Uph-e<< (address 3755) becomes active.
The dropout to pickup ratio Uph-e<(<) RESET can be set in address 3759. This parameter can only be
altered in DIGSI at Display Additional Settings.
The settings of the voltages and times depend on the intended use; therefore no general recommendations
for the settings can be given. For load shedding, for example, the values are often determined by a priority
grading coordination chart. In case of stability problems, the permissible levels and durations of overvoltages
must be observed. With induction machines undervoltages have an effect on the permissible torque thresh-
olds.
If the voltage transformers are located on the line side, the measuring voltages will be missing when the line is
disconnected. To avoid that the undervoltage levels in these cases are or remain picked up, the current crite-
rion CURR.SUP. Uphe< (address 3758) is switched ON. With busbar side voltage transformers it can be
switched OFF. However, if the busbar is dead, the undervoltage protection will pick up and expire and then
remain in a picked-up state. It must therefore be ensured in such cases that the protection is blocked by a
binary input.
If the 7VK61 is operated without current transformer connection, the current criterion is of no use and associ-
ated parameters are hidden.
Phase-to-phase undervoltage
Basically, the same considerations apply as for the phase voltage stages. These stages may replace the phase
voltage stages or be used additionally. Depending on your choice, set address 3761 Uph-ph<(<)to ON, OFF,
Alarm Only or U<Alarm U<<Trip.
As phase-to-phase voltages are monitored, the phase-to-phase values are used for the settings Uph-ph<
(address 3762) and Uph-ph<< (address 3764).
The corresponding time delays are T Uph-ph< (address 3763) and T Uphph<< (address 3765).
The dropout to pickup ratio Uphph<(<) RESET can be set in address 3769. This parameter can only be
altered in DIGSI at Display Additional Settings.
If the voltage transformers are located on the line side, the measuring voltages will be missing when the line is
disconnected. To avoid that the undervoltage levels in these cases are or remain picked up, the current crite-
rion CURR.SUP.Uphph< (address 3768) is switched ON. With busbar side voltage transformers it can be
switched OFF. However, if the busbar is dead, the undervoltage protection will pick up and expire and then
remain in a picked-up state. It must therefore be ensured in such cases that the protection is blocked by a
binary input.
If the 7VK61 is operated without current transformer connection, the current criterion is of no use and associ-
ated parameters are hidden.
The positive sequence undervoltage stages can be used instead of or in addition to previously mentioned
undervoltage stages. Depending on your choice, set address 3771 U1<(<) to ON, OFF, Alarm Only or
U<Alarm U<<Trip.
Basically, the same considerations apply as for the other undervoltage stages. Especially in case of stability
problems, the positive sequence system is advantageous, since the positive sequence system is relevant for
the limit of the stable energy transmission.
To achieve the two-stage condition, the U1< stage (address 3772) is combined with a greater time delay T
U1< (address 3773), and the U1<< stage (address U1<<) with a shorter time delay TT U1<< (address 3775).
Note that the positive sequence system is calculated according to its defining equation
U1 = 1/3·|UL1 + a·UL2 + a2·UL3|. For symmetrical voltages this is equivalent to a phase-to-earth voltage.
The dropout to pickup ratio U1<(<) RESET can be set in address 3779. This parameter can only be altered in
DIGSI at Display Additional Settings.
If the voltage transformers are located on the line side, the measuring voltages will be missing when the line is
disconnected. To avoid that the undervoltage levels in these cases are or remain picked up, the current crite-
rion CURR.SUP.U1< (address 3778) is switched ON. With busbar side voltage transformers it can be switched
OFF. However, if the busbar is dead, the undervoltage protection will pick up and expire and then remain in a
pickedup state. It must therefore be ensured in such cases that the protection is blocked by a binary input.
If the 7VK61 is operated without current transformer connection, the current criterion is of no use and associ-
ated parameters are hidden.
2.5.4 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
Addr. Parameter Setting Options Default Setting Comments
3701 Uph-e>(>) OFF OFF Operating mode Uph-e over-
Alarm Only voltage prot.
ON
U>Alarm U>>Trip
3702 Uph-e> 1.0 .. 170.0 V 85.0 V Uph-e> Pickup
3703 T Uph-e> 0.00 .. 100.00 sec 2.00 sec T Uph-e> Time Delay
3704 Uph-e>> 1.0 .. 170.0 V 100.0 V Uph-e>> Pickup
3705 T Uph-e>> 0.00 .. 100.00 sec 1.00 sec T Uph-e>> Time Delay
3709A Uph-e>(>) RESET 0.30 .. 0.99 0.98 Uph-e>(>) Reset ratio
3711 Uph-ph>(>) OFF OFF Operating mode Uph-ph over-
Alarm Only voltage prot.
ON
U>Alarm U>>Trip
3712 Uph-ph> 2.0 .. 220.0 V 150.0 V Uph-ph> Pickup
3713 T Uph-ph> 0.00 .. 100.00 sec 2.00 sec T Uph-ph> Time Delay
3714 Uph-ph>> 2.0 .. 220.0 V 175.0 V Uph-ph>> Pickup
3715 T Uph-ph>> 0.00 .. 100.00 sec 1.00 sec T Uph-ph>> Time Delay
General
Whenever e.g. a short-circuit protection relay of a feeder issues a trip command to the circuit breaker, this is
repeated to the circuit breaker failure protection (Figure 2-31). A timer T–BF in the circuit breaker failure
protection is started. The timer runs as long as a trip command is present and current continues to flow
through the circuit breaker poles.
[funktionsschema-lvs-ueberwach-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-31 Simplified function diagram of circuit breaker failure protection with current flow monitoring
Normally, the circuit breaker will open and interrupt the fault current. The current monitoring stage quickly
resets (typical 10 ms) and stops the timer T–BF.
If the trip command is not carried out (circuit breaker failure case), current continues to flow and the timer
runs to its set limit. The circuit breaker failure protection then issues a command to trip the backup circuit
breakers and interrupt the fault current.
The reset time of the feeder protection is not relevant because the circuit breaker failure protection itself
recognizes the interruption of the current.
For protection functions where the tripping criterion is not dependent on current (e.g. Buchholz protection),
current flow is not a reliable criterion for proper operation of the circuit breaker. In such cases, the circuit
breaker position can be derived from the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker. Therefore, instead of moni-
toring the current, the position of the auxiliary contacts is monitored (Figure 2-32). For this purpose, the
outputs from the auxiliary contacts must be fed to binary inputs on the relay (refer also to Section 2.8.1 Func-
tion Control).
[funktionsschema-lvs-lshiko-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-32 Simplified function diagram of circuit breaker failure protection controlled by circuit breaker
auxiliary contact
[logik-strmflsueberw-plausibilitaet-110113, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-33 Current flow monitoring with plausibility currents 3·Ι0 and 3·Ι2
[logik-verriegel-hikos-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-34 Interlock of the auxiliary contact criterion - example for phase L1
On the other hand, current flow is not a reliable criterion for proper operation of the circuit breaker for faults
which do not cause detectable current flow (e.g. Buchholz protection). Information regarding the position of
the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts is required in these cases to check the correct response of the circuit
breaker. For this purpose, the binary input >BF Start w/o I No. 1439 (Figure 2-36 left). This input initiates
the circuit breaker failure protection even if no current flow is detected.
[logik-entsteh-signal-ls-hiko-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
If an internal protection function or an external protection device trips without current flow, the circuit
breaker failure protection is initiated by the internal input “Start internal w/o Ι”, if the trip signal comes from
the internal voltage protection or frequency protection, or by the external input >BF Start w/o I. In this
case the start signal is maintained until the circuit breaker is reported to be open by the auxiliary contact crite-
rion.
Initiation can be blocked via the binary input>BLOCK BkrFail (e.g. during test of the feeder protection
relay).
[logik-svs-phasengem-anwurf-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Phase-segregated initiation
Phase segregated initiation of the circuit breaker failure protection is necessary if the circuit breaker poles are
operated individually, e.g. if 1-pole automatic reclosure is used. This is possible if the device is able to trip 1-
pole.
If the circuit breaker failure protection is intended to be initiated by further external protection devices, it is
recommended, for security reasons, to connect two binary inputs to the device. Besides the three trip
commands of the external relay to the binary input >BF Start L1, >BF Start L2 and >BF Start L3 it
is recommended to connect also, for example, the general device pickup to binary input >BF release.
Figure 2-37 shows this connection.
Nevertheless, it is possible to initiate the circuit breaker failure protection in single-channel mode should a
separate release criterion not be available. The binary input >BF release must then not be assigned to any
physical input of the device during configuration.
If the external protection device does not provide a general fault detection signal, a general trip signal can be
used instead. Alternatively, the parallel connection of a separate set of trip contacts can produce such a
release signal as shown in Figure 2-38.
[svs-phasegetr-anwurf-ext-geraet-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-37 Breaker failure protection with phase segregated initiation — example for initiation by an
external protection device with release by a fault detection signal
[svs-phasegetr-anwurf-ext-geraet-frei-ausloese-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-38 Schalterversagerschutz mit phasengetrenntem Anwurf — Beispiel für Anwurf von externem
Schutzgerät mit Freigabe durch einen getrennten Satz Auslösekontakte
In principle, the starting condition logic for the delay time(s) is designed similar to that for the common phase
initiation, however, individually for each of the three phases (as shown in Figure 2-39). Thus, current and
initiation conditions are processed for each CB pole. Also during a 1-pole automatic reclosure, the current
interruption is reliably monitored for the tripped CB pole only.
Initiation of an individual phase, e.g. “Start L1”, is only valid if the starting signal (= tripping signal of the
feeder protection) appears for this phase and if the current criterion is met for at least this phase. If it is not
met, the circuit breaker auxiliary contact can be interrogated according to Figure 2-34 – if parameterised (Chk
BRK CONTACT = YES).
The auxiliary contact criterion is also processed for each individual circuit breaker pole. If, however, the circuit
breaker auxiliary contacts are not available for each individual circuit breaker pole, then a 1-pole trip
command is assumed to be executed only if the series connection of the normally open (NO) auxiliary
contacts is interrupted. This information is provided to the circuit breaker failure protection by the central
function control of the device (refer to Section 2.8.1 Function Control).
The 3-phase starting signal “Start L123” is generated if there are start signals for more than one phase. The
input "BF Start w/o I" (e.g. from Buchholz protection) operates only in 3-phase mode. The function is the same
as with common phase initiation.
The additional release-signal >BF release (if assigned to a binary input) affects all external initiation condi-
tions. Initiation can be blocked via the binary input >BLOCK BkrFail (e.g. during test of the feeder protec-
tion relay).
[logik-7vk61-anwurfbed-1-pol-ausloese, 1, en_GB]
Delay times
When the initiatiation conditions are fulfilled, the associated timers are started. The circuit breaker pole(s)
must open before the associated time has elapsed.
Different delay times are possible for 1-pole and 3-pole initiation. An additional delay time can be used for
twostage circuit breaker failure protection.
With single-stage circuit breaker failure protection, the trip command is relayed to the adjacent circuit breakers
which interrupt the fault current if the local feeder breaker fails (see Figure 2-31 and Figure 2-32). The adja-
cent circuit breakers are those located at the busbar or busbar section to which the feeder under consideration
is connected. The possible initiation conditions for the circuit breaker failure protection are those discussed
above. Depending on the application of the feeder protection, common phase or phase-segregated initiation
conditions may occur. The circuit breaker failure protection always trips 3-pole.
The simplest solution is to start the delay timer T2 (Figure 2-40). The phase-segregated initiation signals are
omitted if the feeder protection always trips 3-pole or if the circuit breaker is not capable of 1-pole tripping.
If different delay times are required after a 1-pole trip or 3-pole trip it is possible to use the timer stages
T1-3pole and T1-1pole according to Figure 2-41.
[logik-1-stufiger-svs-phgem-anwurf-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-40 Single-stage breaker failure protection with common phase initiation
[logik-1-stufiger-svs-unterscht-verz-t-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-41 Single-stage breaker failure protection with different delay times
With two-stage circuit breaker failure protection the trip command of the feeder protection is usually
repeated, after a first time stage, to the feeder circuit breaker, often via a second trip coil or set of trip coils, if
the circuit breaker has not responded to the original trip command. A second time stage monitors the
response to this repeated trip command and trips the circuit breakers of the relevant busbar section if the fault
has not yet been cleared after this second time.
For the first stage, a different delay T1-1pole can be set for 1-pole trip than for 3-pole trip by the feeder
protection. Additionally, you can select (by setting parameter 1p-RETRIP (T1)) whether this repeated trip
should be 1-pole or 3-pole. In case of a multi-pole tripping of the feeder protection, T1-1pole and T1-3pole
are started simultaneously. By means of T1-3pole, the tripping of the circuit breaker failure protection can
be accelerated in comparison to T1-1pole.
Address 3913 T2StartCriteria is used to set whether the delay time T2 will be started after expiry of T1
(T2StartCriteria = With exp. of T1) or simultaneously with it (T2StartCriteria = Parallel
withT1). The time T2 can also be initiated via a separate binary input 1424 >BF STARTonlyT2.
[logik-7vk61-2-stufiger-svs-phgem-anwurf, 1, en_GB]
[logik-ls-gestoert-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
[endfehler-ls-strwdlr-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-44 End fault between circuit breaker and current transformers
The end fault protection has the task to recognize this situation and to transmit a trip signal to the remote
end(s) of the protected object to clear the fault. For this purpose, the output command BF EndFlt TRIP is
available to trigger a signal transmission device (e.g. power line carrier, radio wave, or optical fibre) — if appli-
cable, together with other commands that need to be transferred.
The end fault is recognized when the current continues flowing although the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts
indicate that the circuit breaker is open. An additional criterion is the presence of any circuit breaker failure
protection initiate signal. Figure 2-45 illustrates the functional principle. If the circuit breaker failure protection
is initiated and current flow is detected (current criteria “L*> current criterion” according to Figure 2-33), but
no circuit breaker pole is closed (auxiliary contact criterion “any pole closed”), then the timer T-EndFault is
started. At the end of this time an intertrip signal is transmitted to the opposite end(s) of the protected object.
[funktionsschema-endfehlerschutz-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
[logikschema-schalt-gleichlfueberwch-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
General
The circuit breaker failure protection and its ancillary functions (end fault protection, pole discrepancy supervi-
sion) can only operate if they were set during configuration of the scope of functions (address 139 BREAKER
FAILURE) to Enabled or enabled w/ 3I0>.
If the circuit breaker failure protection is configured with zero sequence current threshold (address 139 =
vorh. mit 3I0>), the pickup threshold for the zero sequence current 3I0> BF (address 3912) can be set
independently of I> BF.
Normally, the circuit breaker failure protection evaluates the current flow criterion as well as the position of
the circuit breaker auxiliary contact(s). If the auxiliary contact(s) status is not available in the device, this crite-
rion cannot be processed. In this case, set address 3909 Chk BRK CONTACT to NO.
• for 3-pole trip repetition to the local feeder circuit breaker after 3-pole trip of the feeder protection
T1-3pole (address 3905),
• for trip of the adjacent circuit breakers (busbar zone and remote end if applicable) T2 at address 3906.
NOTE
i In case of multi-phase tripping of the feeder protection, T1-1pole and T1-3pole are started in parallel.
T1-3pole therefore allows accelerating the tripping of the breaker failure protection compared to
T1-1pole. Therefore, you should set T1-1pole equal to or longer than T1-3pole.
The delay times are set dependant on the maximum operating time of the feeder circuit breaker and the reset
time of the current detectors of the circuit breaker failure protection, plus a safety margin which allows for any
tolerance of the delay timers. Figure 2-47 illustrates the timing of a typical circuit breaker failure scenario. The
dropout time for sinusoidal currents is ≤ 15 ms. If current transformer saturation is anticipated, the time
should be set to 25 ms.
NOTE
i If the breaker failure protection is to perform a single-pole TRIP repetition, the time set for the AR,
address3408 T-Start MONITOR, has to be longer than the time set for address 3903 1p-RETRIP (T1)
to prevent 3-pole coupling by the AR before T1 expires.
To prevent AR after BF T2-TRIP(bus), the time 3408T-Start MONITOR can be set to expire together
with T2.
[ls-versag-zeitabl-2stuf-versag-oz-020802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-47 Time sequence example for normal clearance of a fault, and with circuit breaker failure, using
two-stage breaker failure protection
[ls-versag-zeitabl-1stuf-versag-oz-020802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-48 Time sequence example for normal clearance of a fault, and with circuit breaker failure, using
single-stage breaker failure protection
2.6.3 Settings
The table indicates region-specific presettings. Column C (configuration) indicates the corresponding secon-
dary nominal current of the current transformer.
Addr. Parameter C Setting Options Default Setting Comments
3901 FCT BreakerFail ON ON Breaker Failure Protection
OFF
3902 I> BF 1A 0.05 .. 20.00 A 0.10 A Pick-up threshold I>
5A 0.25 .. 100.00 A 0.50 A
3903 1p-RETRIP (T1) NO YES 1pole retrip with stage T1
YES (local trip)
3904 T1-1pole 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 0.00 sec T1, Delay after 1pole start
(local trip)
The device is monitored from the measuring inputs up to the command relays. Monitoring circuits and the
processor check the hardware for malfunctions and inadmissible conditions.
Buffer battery
The buffer battery, which ensures the operation of the internal clock and the storage of counters and indica-
tions if the auxiliary voltage fails, is periodically checked for charge status. On its undershooting a minimum
admissible voltage, the indication Fail Battery (no.177) is issued.
If the device is not supplied with auxiliary voltage for more than 1 or 2 days, the internal clock is switched off
automatically, i.e. the time is not registered any more. The data in the event and fault buffers, however,
remain stored.
Memory Components
The main memory (RAM) is tested when the system starts up. If a fault is detected during this process, the
startup is aborted. Error LED and LED 1 light up and the remaining LEDs start flashing simultaneously. During
operation the memory is checked by means of its checksum.
A checksum of the program memory (EPROM) is cyclically generated and compared with the stored program
checksum.
A checksum for the parameter memory (FLASH-EPROM) is cyclically generated and compared with the
checksum which is computed after each change of the stored parameters.
If a malfunction occurs, the processor system is restarted.
Sampling frequency
The sampling frequency and the synchronism of the analog-digital converters is continuously monitored. If
any deviations cannot be removed by remedied synchronization, then the processor system is restarted.
NOTE
i Current sum monitoring can operate properly only when the residual current of the protected line is fed to
the fourth current input (Ι4) of the relay.
[stromsummenueberwachung-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
NOTE
i Voltage sum monitoring is only effective if an external displacement voltage is connected to the displace-
ment voltage measuring input.
Watchdog
For continuous monitoring of the program sequences, a time monitor is provided in the hardware (watchdog
for hardware) that expires upon failure of the processor or an internal program, and causes a reset of the
processor system with complete restart.
An additional software watchdog ensures that malfunctions during the processing of programs are discov-
ered. This also initiates a restart of the processor system.
If the fault is not eliminated by the restart, a second restart attempt is initiated. If the fault is still present after
three restart attempts within 30 s, the protection system will take itself out of service, and the red LED
“ERROR” lights up. The device ready relay drops out and alarms the device malfunction with its normally closed
contact(“Life-Contact”).
Interruptions or short circuits in the secondary circuits of the current and voltage transformers, as well as
faults in the connections (important for commissioning!), are detected and reported by the device. To this
end, the measured values are cyclically checked in the background as long as no fault detection is present.
Current Symmetry
During normal system operation the currents are assumed to be largely symmetrical. The symmetry is moni-
tored in the device by magnitude comparison. The smallest phase current is compared to the largest phase
current. Asymmetry is recognized if:
|Ιmin| / |Ιmax| < BAL. FACTOR I as long as Ιmax > BALANCE I LIMIT
Ιmax is the highest, Ιmin the lowest of the three phase currents. The symmetry factor BAL. FACTOR I
(address 2905) represents the allowable asymmetry of the phase currents while the limit value BALANCE I
LIMIT (address 2904) is the lower limit of the operating range of this monitoring (see Figure 2-50). The
dropout ratio is about 97 %.
After a settable time (5 s -100 s), this malfunction is signaled as Fail I balance (No. 163).
[stromsymmetrieueberwachung-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
Broken Conductor
A broken wire of the protected line or in the current transformer secondary circuit can be detected, if the
minimum current PoleOpenCurrent flows via the feeder. If the minimum phase current is below this limit
while the other phase currents are above this limit, an interruption of this conductor may be assumed. If
current asymmetry is also detected (see margin heading “Current Symmetry”), the device issues the message
Fail Conductor (No. 195).
Voltage Symmetry
During normal system operation the voltages are assumed to be largely symmetrical. The symmetry is moni-
tored in the device by magnitude comparison. The smallest phase voltage is compared to the largest. Asym-
metry is recognized if:
|Umin| / |Umax| < BAL. FACTOR U as long as |Umax| > BALANCE U-LIMIT
Thereby Umax is the largest of the three phase-to-phase voltages and Umin the smallest. The symmetry factor
BAL. FACTOR U (address 2903) represents the allowable asymmetry of the voltages while the limit value
BALANCE U-LIMIT (address 2902) is the lower limit of the operating range of this monitoring (see
Figure 2-51). The dropout ratio is about 97 %.
After a settable time, this malfunction is signaled as Fail U balance (no.167).
[spannungssymmetrieueberwachung-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
[lo-ffm-mcl-01-20101014, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-52 Fuse failure monitoring Part 1: Detection of asymmetrical measuring voltage failure
The asymmetrical measured voltage failure is characterized by its voltage asymmetry with simultaneous
current symmetry. If there is substantial voltage asymmetry of the measured values, without asymmetry of
the currents being registered at the same time, this indicates the presence of an asymmetrical failure in the
voltage transformer secondary circuit.
The asymmetry of the voltage is detected by the fact that either the zero sequence voltage or the negative
sequence voltage exceed a settable value FFM U>(min) (address 2911). The current is assumed to be suffi-
ciently symmetrical if both the zero sequence as well as the negative sequence current are below the settable
threshold FFM I< (max) (address 2912).
In non-earthed systems (address 207 SystemStarpoint), the zero-sequence system quantities are no reli-
able criterion since a considerable zero sequence voltage occurs also in case of a simple earth fault where a
significant zero sequence current does not necessarily flow. Therefore, the zero sequence voltage is not evalu-
ated in these systems but only the negative sequence voltage and the ratio between negative sequence and
positive sequence voltage.
The immediate effect of the “Fuse failure monitor” is signaled by means of the indication VT FuseFail
(No. 170). To detect an asymmetrical measuring voltage failure, at least one phase current must exceed the
value FFM I< (max) (address 2912).
In case that zero sequence or negative sequence current arise within 10 s after detecting an asymmetrical
measuring voltage failure, a short-circuit in the network is assumed and the signal VT FuseFail is immedi-
ately reset. If the zero-sequence voltage or the negative-sequence voltage exceed the presettable value FFM
U>(min) (address 2911) for more than 10 s, the signal VT FuseFail>10s (No. 169) will be generated. In
this status, a reset of the signal VT FuseFail will no longer be effected by means of an increase of the zero-
sequence current or the negative-sequence current, but only through the fact that the voltages in the zero-
sequence system and in the negative-sequence system fall below the threshold value. The signal VT Fuse-
Fail can also be generated independently from the quantity of the phase currents.
During a single-pole automatic reclose dead time, the “Fuse failure monitor” does not detect an asymmetrical
measuring voltage failure. Due to the de-energization in one phase, an operational asymmetry is caused on
the primary side which cannot be distinguished from a measuring voltage failure in the secondary circuit (not
represented in the logic diagram).
[lo_7vk6-ffm-mcl-02, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-53 Fuse failure monitoring Part 2: Detection of three-phase measuring voltage failure
A 3-phase failure of the secondary measured voltages can be distinguished from an actual system fault by
the fact that the currents have no significant change in the event of a failure in the secondary measured
voltage. For this reason, the current values are routed to a buffer so that the difference between present and
stored current values can be analyzed to recognize the magnitude of the current differential (current differen-
tial criterion), see Figure 2-53.
A three-pole measuring voltage failure is detected if:
• All 3 phase-to-earth voltages are smaller than the threshold FFM U<max (3ph) (address 2913.
• The current differential in all 3 phases is smaller than the threshold FFM Idelta (3p) (Adresse 2914).
A three-pole measuring voltage failure is also detected without the mentioned criteria if the signal VT Fuse-
Fail (No. 170) previously has been generated by an asymmetrical measuring voltage failure. The measuring
voltage failure is still detected in this state if the three phase-to-earth voltages subsequently fall below the
threshold value FFM U<max (3ph) (address 2913 ).
The effect of the signals VT FuseFail (No. 170) and VT FuseFail>10s (No. 169) on the protection func-
tions is described in the following section “Effect of the measuring voltage failure”.
Figure 2-54 showa the logic diagram of the measured voltage failure monitoring. A failure of the measured
voltage is detected if the following conditions are met at the same time:
• All 3 phase-to-earth voltages are less than FFM U<max (3ph)
• At least 1 phase current is larger than PoleOpenCurrent or at least 1 breaker pole is closed (can be
set),
[logikdia-zusaetzl-messspgausfall-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-54 Logic diagram of the additional measuring-voltage failure detection Fail U absent
[lo-ffm-mcl-20101014, 1, en_GB]
This monitoring function allows determining the direction of power flow. You can monitor the phase angle of
the complex power, and generate an indication when the power phasor is inside a settable segment.
One example of this application is the indication of capacitive reactive power. The monitoring indication can
then be used to control the overvoltage protection function. For this purpose, two angles must be set, as
shown in Figure 2-56 . In this example, φA = 200° and φB = 340° have been set.
If the measured phase angle φ(S1) of the positive sequence power is innerhalb the area of the P-Q plane
delimited by the angles φA and φB, the indication φ(PQ Pos. Seq.) (No. 130) is output. The angles φA and
φB can be freely set in the range between 0° and 359°. The area starts at φA and extends in a mathematically
positive sense as far as the angle φB. A hysteresis of 2° is provided to prevent erroneous indications which
might emerge at the threshold limits.
[blindleistung-ind-kap-wlk040602, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-56 Characteristic of the Positive Sequence System Phase Angle Monitoring
The monitoring function can also be used for the display of negative active power. In this case the areas must
be defined as shown in Figure 2-57 .
[wirkleistung-ind-kap--wlk040602, 1, en_GB]
The two angles must be at least 3° apart; if they are not, monitoring is blocked, and the indicationφ Set
wrong (No. 132 is output.
The following conditions must be fulfilled for measurement to be enabled:
• The positive sequence current Ι1is higher than the value set in parameter 2943 I1>.
• The positive sequence voltage U1 is higher than the value set in parameter 2944 U1>.
• The angles set in address 2941 φA and 2942 φB must be at least 3° apart. Incorrect parameter settings
cause the indication 132 φ Set wrong to be output.
• The “Fuse-Failure-Monitor” and the measured voltage failure monitoring must not have responded, and
binary input indication 361 >FAIL:Feeder VT must not be present.
If monitoring is not active, this fact is signaled by the indication φ(PQ Pos) block (No. 131).
Figure 2-58 shows the logic of the positive sequence system phase angle monitoring.
[logikphasenwinkelueberwachung-wlk-040514, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-58 Logic of the Positive Sequence System Phase Angle Monitoring
Depending on the kind of fault detected, an alarm is given, the processor is restarted or the device is taken out
of operation. After three unsuccessful restart attempts, the device is taken out of service. The device ready
relay drops out and indicates the device failure with its NC contact (“life contact”). The red LED “ERROR” on the
device front lights up, provided that there is an internal auxiliary voltage, and the green LED “RUN” goes off. If
the internal auxiliary voltage supply fails, all LEDs are dark. Table 2-5 shows a summary of the monitoring
functions and the malfunction responses of the device.
General
The sensitivity of the measured value monitoring can be changed. Experiential values set ex works are
adequate in most cases. If particularly high operational asymmetries of the currents and/or voltages are
expected, or if one or more monitoring functions pick up sporadically during normal operation, the sensitivity
settings should be made less sensitive..
At address 2901 MEASURE. SUPERV measurement supervision can be switched ON or OFF.
Symmetry monitoring
Address2902 BALANCE U-LIMIT determines the limit voltage (phase-to-phase), above which the voltage
symmetry monitoring is effective. Address 2903 BAL. FACTOR U is the associated balance factor, i.e. the
gradient of the balance characteristic. The indication Fail U balance (No 167) can be delayed under
address 2908 T BAL. U LIMIT. These settings can only be changed via DIGSI at Display Additional
Settings.
Address2904 BALANCE I LIMIT determines the limit current above which the current symmetry monitoring
is effective. Address 2905 BAL. FACTOR I is the associated balance factor, i.e. the gradient of the balance
characteristic. The indication Fail I balance (No 163) can be delayed under address 2909 T BAL. I
LIMIT. These settings can only be changed via DIGSI at Display Additional Settings.
Sum Monitoring
Address 2906 ΣI THRESHOLD determines the limit current above which the current sum monitoring is acti-
vated (absolute portion, only relative to ΙN). The relative portion (relative to the maximum phase current) for
activating the current sum monitoring is set at 2907 ΣI FACTOR. These settings can only be changed via
DIGSI at Display Additional Settings.
NOTE
i Current sum monitoring can operate properly only when the residual current of the protected line is fed to
the fourth current input (Ι4) of the relay.
φB must be at least 3° apart. Incorrect parameter settings cause the indication 132 φ Set wrong to be
output.
2.7.1.7 Settings
Addresses which have an appended “A” can only be changed with DIGSI, under “Additional Settings”.
The table indicates region-specific presettings. Column C (configuration) indicates the corresponding secon-
dary nominal current of the current transformer.
Addr. Parameter C Setting Options Default Setting Comments
2901 MEASURE. SUPERV ON ON Measurement Supervision
OFF
2902A BALANCE U-LIMIT 10 .. 100 V 50 V Voltage Threshold for
Balance Monitoring
2903A BAL. FACTOR U 0.58 .. 0.95 0.75 Balance Factor for Voltage
Monitor
2904A BALANCE I LIMIT 1A 0.10 .. 1.00 A 0.50 A Current Balance Monitor
5A 0.50 .. 5.00 A 2.50 A
2905A BAL. FACTOR I 0.10 .. 0.95 0.50 Balance Factor for Current
Monitor
2906A ΣI THRESHOLD 1A 0.05 .. 2.00 A 0.10 A Summated Current Moni-
5A 0.25 .. 10.00 A 0.50 A toring Threshold
2907A ΣI FACTOR 0.00 .. 0.95 0.10 Summated Current Moni-
toring Factor
2908A T BAL. U LIMIT 5 .. 100 sec 5 sec T Balance Factor for
Voltage Monitor
2909A T BAL. I LIMIT 5 .. 100 sec 5 sec T Current Balance Monitor
2910 FUSE FAIL MON. ON ON Fuse Failure Monitor
OFF
2911A FFM U>(min) 10 .. 100 V 30 V Minimum Voltage
Threshold U>
2912A FFM I< (max) 1A 0.10 .. 1.00 A 0.10 A Maximum Current
5A 0.50 .. 5.00 A 0.50 A Threshold I<
2913A FFM U<max (3ph) 2 .. 100 V 15 V Maximum Voltage
Threshold U< (3phase)
2914A FFM Idelta (3p) 1A 0.05 .. 1.00 A 0.10 A Delta Current Threshold
5A 0.25 .. 5.00 A 0.50 A (3phase)
2915 V-Supervision w/ CURR.SUP w/ CURR.SUP Voltage Failure Supervision
w/ I> & CBaux
OFF
2916A T V-Supervision 0.00 .. 30.00 sec 3.00 sec Delay Voltage Failure
Supervision
2941 φA 0 .. 359 ° 200 ° Limit setting PhiA
2942 φB 0 .. 359 ° 340 ° Limit setting PhiB
2943 I1> 1A 0.05 .. 2.00 A 0.05 A Minimum value I1>
5A 0.25 .. 10.00 A 0.25 A
2944 U1> 2 .. 70 V 20 V Minimum value U1>
[prinzip-ausloesekrueb-2-be-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-59 Principle of the trip circuit supervision with two binary inputs
Supervision with two binary inputs not only detects interruptions in the trip circuit and loss of control voltage,
it also supervises the response of the circuit breaker using the position of the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts.
Depending on the conditions of the trip contact and the circuit breaker, the binary inputs are activated (logical
condition “H” in the following table), or short-circuited (logical condition “L”).
A state in which both binary inputs are not activated (“L”) is only possible in intact trip circuits for a short tran-
sition period (trip relay contact closed but circuit breaker not yet open).
A continuous state of this condition is only possible when the trip circuit has been interrupted, a short-circuit
exists in the trip circuit, a loss of battery voltage occurs, or malfunctions occur with the circuit breaker mecha-
nism. Therefore, it is used as supervision criterion.
Table 2-6 Condition table for binary inputs, depending on RTC and CB position
No Trip Contact Circuit Breaker Aux 1 Aux 2 BI 1 BI 2 Dynamic State Static State
.
1 open ON closed open H L Normal operation with circuit
breaker closed
2 open OFF open closed H H Normal operation with circuit
breaker open
3 closed ON closed open L L Transition or Malfunction
malfunction
4 closed OFF open closed L H TR has tripped successfully
The conditions of the two binary inputs are checked periodically. A query takes place about every 500 ms. If
three consecutive conditional checks detect an abnormality, a fault indication is output (see Figure 2-60). The
repeated measurements determine the delay of the alarm message and avoid that an alarm is output during
short transition periods. After clearance of the failure in the trip circuit, the failure alarm automatically resets
with the same time delay.
[logikdiagramm-auskruebrwchg-2-be-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-60 Logic diagram of the trip circuit supervision with two binary inputs
[prinzip-ausloesekrueb-1-be-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-61 Principle of the trip circuit supervision with one binary input
During normal operation, the binary input is activated (logical condition “H”) when the trip contact is open and
the trip circuit is intact, because the supervision circuit is closed either by the circuit breaker auxiliary contact
(if the circuit breaker is closed) or through the bypass resistor R. Only as long as the trip contact is closed, the
binary input is short-circuited and thereby deactivated (logical condition “L”).
If the binary input is permanently deactivated during operation, an interruption in the trip circuit or a failure of
the (trip) control voltage can be assumed.
The trip circuit supervision does not operate during system faults. A momentary closed tripping contact does
not lead to a fault indication. If, however, other trip relay contacts from different devices are connected in
parallel in the trip circuit, the fault indication must be delayed by Alarm Delay (see also Figure 2-62). After
clearance of the failure in the trip circuit, the fault message automatically resets with the same time delay.
[logikdiagramm-auskruebrwchg-1-be-wlk-310702, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-62 Logic diagram for trip circuit supervision with one binary input
General
The number of circuits to be supervised was set during the configuration in address 140 Trip Cir. Sup.
(Section 2.1.1.2 Setting Notes). If the trip circuit supervision is not used at all, the setting Disabled must be
applied there.
The trip circuit supervision can be switched in address 4001 FCT TripSuperv. ON- or OFF. The number of
binary inputs that shall be used in each of the supervised circuits is set in address 4002 No. of BI. If the
routing of the required binary inputs does not comply with the selected monitoring mode, an alarm is issued
(TripC ProgFAIL... with identification of the non-compliant circuit).
2.7.2.3 Settings
The function control is the control centre of the device. It coordinates the sequence of the protection and
ancillary functions, processes their decisions and the information coming from the power system.
Applications
• Tripping logic.
[logik-7vk61-hand-ein, 1, en_GB]
Reclosure via the integrated control functions - on-site control, control via DIGSI, control via serial interface -
can have the same effect as manual closure, see parameter 1152 Section 2.1.5.1 Setting Notes at margin
heading “Circuit Breaker Status”.
If the device has an integrated automatic reclosure, the integrated manual closure logic of the 7VK61 auto-
matically distinguishes between an external control command via the binary input and an automatic reclosure
by the internal automatic reclosure so that the binary input >Manual Close can be connected directly to the
control circuit of the close coil of the circuit breaker (Figure 2-64). Each closing operation that is not initiated
by the internal automatic reclosure function is interpreted as a manual closure, even it has been initiated by a
control command from the device.
[hand-ein-mit-we-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
LS Circuit breaker
LSS Circuit breaker close coil
LS-HiKo Circuit breaker auxiliary contact
If, however, external close commands which should not activate the manual close function are possible (e.g.
external reclosure device), the binary input >Manual Close must be triggered by a separate contact of the
control switch (Figure 2-65).
If in the latter case a manual close command can also be given by means of an internal control command from
the device, such a command must be combined with the manual CLOSE function via parameter 1152
Man.Clos. Imp. (Figure 2-63).
[hand-ein-mit-ext-we-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
LS Circuit breaker
LSS Circuit breaker close coil
LS-HiKo Circuit breaker auxiliary contact
[logik-ls-stellung-wlk-020802, 1, en_GB]
• the trip circuit check with the help of the TRIP–CLOSE–test cycle (refer to Section 2.8.2 Circuit breaker
trip test).
When using 11/2 or 2 circuit breakers in each feeder, the automatic reclosure function and the circuit breaker
test refer to one circuit breaker. The feedback information of this circuit breaker can be connected separately
to the device.
For this, separate binary inputs are available, which should be treated the same and configured additionally if
necessary. These have a similar significance as the inputs described above for protection applications and are
marked with “CB1 ...” to distinguish them, i.e.:
• >CB1 3p Closed (No. 410) for the series connection of the NO auxiliary contacts of the CB,
• >CB1 3p Open (No. 411) for the series connection of the NC auxiliary contacts of the CB,
• >CB1 Pole L1 (No. 366) for the auxiliary contact of pole L1,
• >CB1 Pole L2 (No. 367) for the auxiliary contact of pole L2,
• >CB1 Pole L3 (No. 368) for the auxiliary contact of pole L3,
[logik-open-pole-detek-wlk-120902, 1, en_GB]
while current flow is detected in both other phases. In this case, one of the indications will only be maintained
while the condition is met. This enables a single-pole automatic reclosure to be detected on an unloaded line.
Specially for applications with busbar side voltage transformers the indication 1pole open Lx is additionally
transmitted if the phase-selective CB auxiliary contacts clearly show a single-pole open circuit breaker, and the
current of the affected phase falls below the parameter 1130 PoleOpenCurrent.
Depending on the setting of parameter 1136 OpenPoleDetect.the Open Pole Detector evaluates all avail-
able measured values including the auxiliary contacts (default setting w/ measurement) or it processes only
the information from the auxiliary contacts including the phase current values (setting Current AND CB). To
disable the Open Pole Detector, set parameter 1136 to OFF.
General Pickup
The pickup signals are combined with OR and lead to a general pickup of the device. It is signalled with Relay
PICKUP. If no function of the device is picked up any longer, Relay PICKUP disappears (indication “OFF”).
General device pickup is a precondition for a series of internal and external functions that occur subsequently.
The following are among the internal functions controlled by general device pickup:
• Opening of a trip log: from general device pickup to general device dropout, all fault indications are
entered in the trip log.
• Initialization of fault record: the storage and maintenance of fault values can also be made dependent on
the occurrence of a trip command.
• Generation of spontaneous indications: Certain fault indications can be displayed as spontaneous indica-
tions (see margin heading “Spontaneous Indications”). In addition, this indication can be made
dependent on the general device trip.
Spontaneous Displays
Spontaneous indications are fault indications which appear in the display automatically following a general
fault detection or trip command of the device. For the 7VK61, these indications include:
“Relay PICKUP”: Protection function that picked up;
PU Time: Operating time from the general pickup to the dropout of the device, in ms;
TRIP Time: the operating time from general pickup to the first trip command of the device, in ms;
General Trip
All trip signals for the functions are connected by OR and generate the message Relay TRIP. This can be
allocated to LED or output relay.
[logik-speich-absteuer-ausloese-wlk-020802, 1, en_GB]
Reclosure Interlocking
When a protection function has tripped the circuit breaker, it is often desired to prevent reclosing until the
tripping cause has been found. 7VK61 enables this via the integrated reclosure interlocking.
The interlocking state (“LOCKOUT”) will be realized by an RS flipflop which is protected against auxiliary
voltage failure (Figure 2-69). The RS flipflop is set via binary input >Lockout SET (No. 385). With the output
alarm LOCKOUT (No. 530), if interconnected correspondingly, a reclosure of the circuit breaker (e.g. for auto-
matic reclosure, manual close signal, synchronization, closing via control) can be blocked. Only once the cause
for the protection operation is known, should the interlocking be reset by a manual reset via binary input
>Lockout RESET (No. 386).
[logik-we-verriegelung-wlk-020802, 1, en_GB]
Conditions which cause reclosure interlocking and control commands which have to be interlocked can be set
individually. The two inputs and the output can be wired via the correspondingly allocated binary inputs and
outputs or be linked via user-defined logic functions (CFC).
If, for example, each trip by the protection function has to cause a closing lock-out, then combine the tripping
command Relay TRIP (No. 511) with the locking input >Lockout SET. If automatic reclosure is used, only
the final trip of the protection function should activate reclosing lock-out. Remember that the indication
Definitive TRIP (No. 536) only continues 500 ms. Then c Definitive TRIP (No. 536) with the inter-
locking input >Lockout SET, so that the interlocking is not activated if an automatic reclosure is still
expected.
You can configure the output indication LOCKOUT (No 530) in the simplest case without other links to the
same output that operated the trip of the circuit breaker. Then the tripping command is maintained until the
interlock is reset via the reset input. This requires the close coil at the circuit breaker to be blocked as usual for
as long as a tripping command is maintained.
The output indication LOCKOUT can also be applied to interlock certain closing commands (externally or via
CFC), e.g. by combining the output alarm with the binary input >Blk Man. Close (No. 357) or by
connecting the inverted alarm with the bay interlocking of the feeder.
The reset input>Lockout RESET (No. 386) resets the interlocking state. This input is initiated by an external
device which is protected against unauthorized or unintentional operation. The interlocking state can also be
controlled by internal sources using CFC, e.g. a function key, operation of the device or using DIGSI on a PC.
For each case please ensure that the corresponding logic operations, security measures, etc. are taken into
account when routing the binary inputs and outputs and may have to be considered when creating the user-
defined logic functions. See also the SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
[schalterfall-meldeunterdrueck-wlk-020802, 1, en_GB]
If the device issues a final trip command, the contact remains closed. This is the case, during the reclaim time
of the automatic reclosure cycle, when the automatic reclosure is blocked or switched off or, due to other
reasons is not ready for automatic reclosure (e.g. tripping only occurred after the action time expired).
Figure 2-71 shows time diagrams for manual trip and close as well as for short-circuit tripping with a single,
failed automatic reclosure cycle.
[schalterfall-meldeunterdrueck-ablauf-wlk-020802, 1, en_GB]
The 7VK61 breaker management relay allows for convenient testing of the trip circuits and the circuit
breakers.
[ein-aus-pruefzyklus-wlk-170902, 1, en_GB]
After the occurrence of a system fault, data regarding the response of the protection relay and the measured
quantities should be saved for future analysis. For this reason message processing is done in three ways:
[beispiel-grundb-4-zeil-disp-wlk-210802, 1, en_GB]
Default display 3 shows the measured power values and the measured values UL1-L2 and ΙL2 dargestellt.
[grundb-3-4-zeil-displ-wlk-230802, 1, en_GB]
Moreover, the device has several event buffers for operational indications, fault indications, switching statis-
tics, etc., which are protected against loss of auxiliary supply by means of a backup battery. These indications
can be displayed on the LCD at any time by selection using the keypad or transferred to a personal computer
via the serial service or operator interface. Reading out indications during operation is described in detail in
the SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
After a system fault, for example, important information about the progression of the fault can be retrieved,
such as the pickup of a protection stage or the initiation of a trip signal. The system clock accurately provides
the absolute time when the fault first occurred. The fault progression is output with a relative time referred to
the instant of pickup so that the time until tripping and until reset of the trip command can be recognized. The
resolution of the time information is 1 ms.
With a PC and the DIGSI protection data processing software, it is also possible to retrieve and display the
events with the convenience of visualisation on a monitor and a menu-guided dialog. The data can either be
printed out or stored elsewhere for later evaluation.
The protection device stores the messages of the last eight system faults; in the event of a ninth fault, the
oldest is erased.
A system fault starts with the detection of the fault by the fault detection of any protection function and ends
with the reset of the fault detection of the last protection function or after the expiry of the auto-reclose
reclaim time, so that several unsuccessful reclose cycles are also stored cohesively. Accordingly a system fault
may contain several individual fault events (from fault detection up to reset of fault detection).
Classification of Indications
Indications are classified as follows:
• Operational indications: messages generated while the device is in operation: They include information
about the status of device functions, measurement data, system data, and similar information.
• Fault indications: messages from the last eight system faults that were processed by the device.
• Indications on Statistics: they include counters for the switching actions of the circuit breakers initiated
by the device, maybe reclose commands as well as values of interrupted currents and accumulated fault
currents.
A complete list of all indications and output functions generated by the device with the associated information
number (No.) can be found in the Appendix. This list also indicates where each indication can be sent. If
certain functions are not avaiable in a device version with reduced function scope or if they are configured as
in the function scope, then the associated indications will not appear.
Operational Indications
Operational indications contain information generated by the device during operation about operational
conditions.
Up to 200 operational indications are recorded in chronological order in the device. Newly generated indica-
tions are added to those already present. If the maximum capacity of the memory has been exceeded, the
oldest indication will be overwritten.
Operational indications arrive automatically and can be read out from the device display or a personal
computer at any time. Faults in the power system are indicated with “Network Fault” and the present fault
number. The fault indications contain detailed information on the response during system faults.
Fault Indications
Following a system fault it is possible to retrieve important information regarding its progress, such as pickup
and trip. The system clock accurately provides the absolute time when the fault first occurred. The fault
progression is output with a relative time referred to the instant of pickup so that the time until tripping and
until reset of the trip command can be recognized. The resolution of the time information is 1 ms.
A system fault starts with the recognition of a fault by the fault detection, i.e. first pickup of any protection
function, and ends with the reset of the fault detection, i.e. dropout of the last protection function. Where a
fault causes several protection functions to pick up, the fault is considered to include all that occurred
between pickup of the first protection function and dropout of the last protection function.
Spontaneous Displays
After a fault, the device displays automatically and without any operator action on its LCD display the most
important fault data from the general device pickup in the sequence shown in the following figure.
[anzeig-spontan-meld-displ-oz-251102, 1, en_GB]
Retrievable Indications
The indications of the last eight system faults can be retrieved and read out. A total of 600 indications can be
stored. The oldest indications are erased for the newest fault indications when the buffer is full.
Spontaneous Indications
Spontaneous indications contain information that new indications have arrived. Each new incoming indication
appears immediately, i.e. the user does not have to wait for an update or initiate one. This can be a useful help
during operation, testing and commissioning.
Spontaneous indications can be read out via DIGSI. For more information see the SIPROTEC 4 System Descrip-
tion.
General Interrogation
The present condition of the SIPROTEC 4 device can be retrieved via DIGSI by viewing the contents of the
General Interrogation. It shows all indications that are subject to general interrogation with their current
value.
2.9.2 Statistics
Counting includes the number of trips initiated by 7VK61, the accumulated breaking currents resulting from
trips initiated by protection functions, the number of close commands initiated by the auto-reclosure function.
Number of trips
The number of trips initiated by the device 7VK61 is counted. If the device is capable of single-pole tripping, a
separate counter for each circuit breaker pole is provided.
Interrupted currents
Furthermore, for each trip command the interrupted current for each pole is acquired, output in the trip log
and accumulated in a memory. The maximum interrupted current is stored as well. The indicated measured
values are indicated in primary values.
Reading/Setting/Resetting
The SIPROTEC 4 System Description describes how to read out the statistical counters via the device front
panel or DIGSI. Setting or resetting of these statistical counters takes place under the menu item INDICA-
TIONS -> STATISTICS by overwriting the counter values displayed.
2.9.3 Measurement
he computation of the operational measured values is also executed during an existent system fault in inter-
vals of approx. 0.5s
2.9.4 Energy
Metered values for active and reactive power are determined in the background by the processor system. They
can be called up at the front of the device, read out via the operating interface using a PC with DIGSI, or trans-
ferred to a central master station via the system interface.
Retrieving Parameters
The SIPROTEC System Description describes in detail how to read out the statistical counters via the device
front panel or DIGSI. The values are added up in direction of the protected object Provided the direction was
configured as “forward” (address 201).
• Remote operation using a substation automation and control system (e.g. SICAM),
• Setpoint commands with configurable time settings, e.g. to control arc-suppression coils.
Device-internal Commands
These commands do not directly operate binary outputs. They serve for initiating internal functions, communi-
cating the detection of status changes to the device or for acknowledging them.
• Manual override commands for “manual update”of information on process-dependent objects such as
annunciations and switching states, e.g. if the communication with the process is interrupted. Manually
overridden objects are marked as such in the information status and can be displayed accordingly.
• Tagging commands (for “setting”) the information value of internal objects, such as switching authority
(remote/local), parameter changeovers, blocking of transmission and deletion/presetting of metered
values.
• Acknowledgment and resetting commands for setting and resetting internal buffers or data stocks.
• Information status commands to set/delete the additional “Information Status” item of a process object,
such as
– Acquisition blocking,
– Output blocking.
Safety mechanisms in the command sequence ensure that a switch command can only be released after a
thorough check of preset criteria has been successfully concluded. Additionally, user-defined interlocking
conditions can be configured separately for each device. The actual execution of the command is also moni-
tored after its release. The entire sequence of a command is described briefly in the following list:
• Fixed commands:
– Internal process time (software watch dog which checks the time for processing the control action
between initiation of the control and final close of the relay contact);
– Configuration in process (if setting modification is in process, commands are rejected or delayed);
– Equipment present as output;
– Output block (if an output block has been programmed for the circuit breaker, and is active at the
moment the command is processed, then the command is rejected);
– Component hardware malfunction;
– Command in progress (only one command can be processed at a time for each circuit breaker or
switch);
– 1–of–n check (for multiple allocations such as common contact relays or multiple protection
commands configured to the same contact it is checked if a command procedure was already initi-
ated for the output relays concerned or if a protection command is present. Superimposed
commands in the same switching direction are tolerated).
2.10.1.3 Interlocking
Interlocking can be executed by the user-defined logic (CFC). Switchgear interlocking checks in a SICAM/
SIPROTEC 4 system are normally divided in the following groups:
• System interlocking checked by a central control system (for interbay interlocking),
• Zone controlled/bay interlocking checked in the bay device (for the feeder).
• Cross-bay interlocking via GOOSE messages directly between bay controllers and protection relays (with
rollout of IEC 61850; inter-relay communication by GOOSE messaging is performed via the EN100
module)
System interlocking is based on the process image in the central device. Zone controlled/bay interlocking relies
on the object database (feedback information) of the bay unit (here the SIPROTEC 4 relay) as was determined
during configuration (see SIPROTEC 4 System Description).
The extent of the interlocking checks is determined by the configuration and interlocking logic of the relay.
For more information on GOOSE messaging, please refer to the SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
Switching objects that require system interlocking in a central control system are marked by a specific param-
eter inside the bay unit (via configuration matrix).
For all commands, operation with interlocking (normal mode) or without interlocking (test mode) can be
selected:
• For local commands by reprogramming the settings with password check,
• For automatic commands, via command processing by CFC and Deactivated Interlocking Recognition,
• For local/remote commands, using an additional interlocking disable command via PROFIBUS.
Interlocked/non-interlocked Switching
The configurable command checks in the SIPROTEC 4 devices are also called “standard interlocking”. These
checks can be activated via DIGSI (interlocked switching/tagging) or deactivated (non-interlocked).
De-interlocked or non-interlocked switching means that the configured interlock conditions are not tested.
Interlocked switching means that all configured interlocking conditions are checked within the command
processing. If a condition could not be fulfilled, the command will be rejected by an indication with a minus
added to it, e.g. “CO–”, followed by an operation response information. The command is rejected if a
synchronism check is carried out before closing and the conditions for synchronism are not fulfilled.
Table 2-10 shows some types of commands and indications. The indications marked with *) are displayed only
in the event logs on the device display; for DIGSI they appear in spontaneous indications.
The plus sign in the indication is a confirmation of the command execution: The command output has a posi-
tive result, as expected. A minus sign means a negative, i.e. an unexpected result. The command was rejected.
Figure 2-76 shows an example for successful switching of the circuit breaker in the Event Log (command and
feedback).
The check of interlocking can be programmed separately for all switching devices and tags that were set with
a tagging command. Other internal commands such as overriding or abort are not tested, i.e. are executed
independently of the interlockings.
[leistungsschalterbetriebsmeldung-020315-wlk, 1, en_GB]
Figure 2-76 Example of an operational indication for switching circuit breaker (Q0)
Standard Interlocking
The standard interlocking includes the checks for each switchgear which were set during the configuration of
inputs and outputs, see SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
An overview for processing the interlocking conditions in the relay is shown in Figure 2-77.
[standardveriegelungen-wlk-020802, 1, en_GB]
The display shows the configured interlocking reasons. They are marked by letters as explained in Table 2-11 .
Figure 2-78 shows all interlocking conditions (which usually appear in the display of the device) for three
switchgear items with the relevant abbreviations explained in Table . Table 2-11 explained abbreviations. All
parameterized interlocking conditions are indicated.
[verriegelungsbed-020315-wlk, 1, en_GB]
Switchgear can be controlled via the device operator panel, PC interface and the serial interface as well as a
connection to the control system for switchgear with single and double busbars.
The number of switchgear devices to be controlled is limited by the number of binary inputs and outputs.
During the processing of commands, independently of the further allocation and processing of indications,
command and process feedbacks are sent to the indication processing. These indications contain information
on the cause. With the corresponding allocation (configuration) these indications are entered in the event log,
thus serving as a report.
A listing of possible operational indications and their meaning, as well as the command types needed for trip-
ping and closing the switchgear or for raising and lowering transformer taps and detailed information are
described in the SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
Feedback monitoring
Command processing time monitors all commands with feedback. Parallel to the command, a monitoring time
period (command runtime monitoring) is started which checks whether the switchgear has achieved the
desired final state within this period. The monitoring time is stopped as soon as the feedback information
arrives. If no feedback information arrives, a responseTime Limit Expired appears and the process is
terminated.
Commands and their feedbacks are also recorded as operational indications. Normally the execution of a
command is terminated as soon as the feedback information (FB+) of the relevant switchgear arrives or, in
case of commands without process feedback information, the command output resets.
In the feedback, the plus sign means that a command has been positively completed. The command was as
expected, in other words positive. The "minus" is a negative confirmation and means that the command was
not executed as expected.
2.10.4 Protocol
During the processing of the commands, independent of the further message routing and processing,
command and process feedback information are sent to the message processing centre. These messages
contain information on the cause. With the corresponding allocation (configuration) these messages are
entered in the event list, thus serving as a report.
Prerequisites
A listing of possible operating messages and their meaning as well as the command types needed for tripping
and closing of the switchgear or for raising and lowering of transformer taps are described in the SIPROTEC 4
System Description.
This chapter is primarily intended for experienced commissioning engineers. The commissioning engineer
must be familiar with the commissioning of protection and control systems, with the management of power
systems and with the relevant safety rules and guidelines. Under certain circumstances adaptations of the
hardware to the particular power system data may be necessary. The primary tests require the protected
object (line, transformer etc.) to carry load.
3.1 Mounting and Connections 178
3.2 Checking Connections 203
3.3 Commissioning 208
3.4 Final Preparation of the Device 223
! WARNING
Warning of improper transport, storage, installation, and application of the device.
Non-observance can result in death, personal injury or substantial property damage.
² Trouble free and safe use of this device depends on proper transport, storage, installation, and appli-
cation of the device according to the warnings in this instruction manual.
² Of particular importance are the general installation and safety regulations for work in a high-voltage
environment (for example, VDE, IEC, EN, DIN, or other national and international regulations). These
regulations must be observed.
Prerequisites
For installation and connections the following conditions must be met:
The rated device data has been tested as recommended in the SIPROTEC 4 System Description and their
compliance with the Power System Data is verified.
Connection Variants
General Diagrams are shown in Appendix B Terminal Assignments. Connection examples for current trans-
former and voltage transformer circuits are provided in Appendix C Connection Examples. It must be checked
that the setting of the P.System Data 1, Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes, was made in accordance to the
device connections.
Currents
Appendix C Connection Examples shows current transformer connection examples in dependence on network
conditions.
For normal connection, address 220 I4 transformer = In prot. line must be set and furthermore,
address 221 I4/Iph CT = 1.000.
When using separate earth current transformers, address 220 I4 transformer = In prot. line must be
set. The setting value of the address 221 I4/Iph CT may deviate from 1. For information on the calculation,
please refer to section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes.
Please observe that 2 CT-connection is permitted only for isolated or compensated networks.
Voltages
Connection examples for current and voltage transformer circuits are provided in Appendix C Connection
Examples.
For the normal connection the 4th voltage measuring input is not used; correspondingly the address must be
set to 210 U4 transformer = Not connected.
For an additional connection of an e-n-winding of a set of voltage transformers, the address 210 U4 trans-
former = Udelta transf. must be set. The setting value of the address Uph / Udelta depends on the
transformation ratio of the e–n-winding. For additional hints, please refer to Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes
under “Transformation Ratio”.
In further connection examples also the e–n winding of a set of voltage transformers is connected, in this
case, however of a central set of transformers at a busbar. For more information refer to the previous para-
graph.
Further figures show examples for the additional connection of a different voltage, in this case the busbar
voltage (e.g. for voltage protection or synchronism check). For the voltage protection the address 210 U4
transformer = Ux transformer has to be set, U4 transformer = Usy2 transf. for the synchronism
check. The address 215 Usy1/Usy2 ratio is only then not equal to 1 when feeder transformer and busbar
transformer have a different transformation ratio. .
If there is a power transformer between the set of busbar voltage transformers and the set of feeder voltage
transformers, the phase displacement of the voltage caused by the power transformer must be compensated
for the synchronism check if used. In this case also check the addresses 212 Usy2 connection, 214 φ
Usy2-Usy1 and 215 Usy1/Usy2 ratio. You will find detailed notes and an example in Section
2.1.3.1 Setting Notes under “Voltage connection”.
• To control two setting groups, one binary input set for >Set Group Bit0 is sufficient since the binary
input >Set Group Bit1“, which is not assigned, is considered to be not controlled.
• The status of the signals controlling the binary inputs to activate a particular setting group must remain
constant as long as that particular group is to remain active.
The following Table shows the relationship between binary inputs and the setting groups A to D. Principal
connection diagrams for the two binary inputs are illustrated in the following figure. The Figure illustrates an
example in which both Set Group Bits 0 and 1 are configured to be controlled (actuated) when the associated
binary input is energized (high).
[einstellgruppenumschalt-7sa-ueber-binaere-240702-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-1 Connection diagram (example) for setting group switching with binary inputs
[prinzip-ausloesekrueb-1-be-wlk-010802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-2 Principle of the trip circuit supervision with one binary input
This results in an upper limit for the resistance dimension, Rmax and a lower limit Rmin, from which the optimal
value of the arithmetic mean R should be selected:
[formel-mittelwert-r-260602-kn, 1, en_GB]
In order that the minimum voltage for controlling the binary input is ensured, Rmax is derived as::
[formel-rmax-260602-kn, 1, en_GB]
To keep the circuit breaker trip coil not energized in the above case,Rmin is derived as:
[formel-rmin-260602-kn, 1, en_GB]
If the calculation results that Rmax < Rmin then the calculation must be repeated, with the next lowest switching
threshold UBE min and this threshold must be implemented in the relay using plug-in jumpers (see Section
“Hardware Modifications”).
For the power consumption of the resistance the following applies:
[formel-leistungvon-r-260602-kn, 1, en_GB]
Example:
[beispiel-rmax-150502-kn, 1, en_GB]
[beispiel-rmin-150502-kn, 1, en_GB]
[beispiel-rmittelwert-150502-kn, 1, en_GB]
[beispiel-leistungvonr-150502-kn, 1, en_GB]
3.1.2.1 General
A subsequent adaptation of hardware to the power system conditions can be necessary for example with
regard to the control voltage for binary inputs or termination of bus-capable interfaces. Follow the procedure
described in this section, whenever hardware modifications are carried out.
Auxiliary Voltage
There are different ranges of input voltage for the auxiliary voltage A Ordering Information and Accessories).
The power supplies of the variants for DC 60 V/110 V/125 V and DC 110 V/125 V/220 V/250 V and AC 115 V
are largely interchangeable by modifying the position of the jumpers. The assignment of these jumpers to the
nominal voltage ranges and their spatial arrangement on the PCB are described further below at “Processor
Board C-CPU-2” Location and ratings of the miniature fuse and the buffer battery are also shown. When the
device is delivered, these jumpers are set according to the name-plate sticker. Generally, they do not need to
be altered.
Life contact
The life contact of the device is a changeover contact from which either the NC contact or the NO contact can
be connected to the device terminals via a plug-in jumper (X40). Assignments of the jumpers to the contact
type and the spatial layout of the jumpers are described in the following Section at margin heading “Processor
Board C-CPU-2”.
Rated Currents
The input transformers of the device are set to a nominal current of 1 A or 5 A with jumpers. The position of
the jumpers are set according to the name-plate sticker. The assignments of the jumpers to the nominal
current and the spatial layout of the jumpers are described in the following section “Board C-I/O-2” or “Board C-
I/O-11”. All jumpers must be set for one nominal current, i.e. one jumper (X61 to X64) for each input trans-
former and additionally the common jumper X60.
NOTE
i If in exceptional cases the current ratings are changed, you have to inform the device of these changes by
entering the new values in address 206 CT SECONDARY in the Power System Data.
NOTE
i If binary inputs are used for trip circuit supervision, please note that two binary inputs (or a binary input
and a bypass resistance) are connected in series. The switching threshold must lie clearly below half the
nominal control voltage.
Exchanging Interfaces
The serial interfaces can only be replaced in devices designed for panel flush and cubicle mounting The
following section under margin heading “Replacing Interface Modules” describes which interfaces can be
exchanged, and how this is done.
Spare Parts
Spare parts can include the backup battery that maintains the data in the battery-buffered RAM when the
voltage supply fails, and the miniature fuse of the internal power supply. Their spatial arrangement is shown
in the figure of the processor module. The ratings of the fuse are printed on the board next to the fuse. When
replacing the fuse, please observe the guidelines given in the SIPROTEC 4 System Description in the chapter
“Maintenance” and “Corrective Maintenance”.
3.1.2.2 Disassembly
NOTE
i It is assumed for the following steps that the device is not operative.
! CAUTION
Caution when changing jumper settings that affect nominal values of the device:
As a consequence, the ordering number (MLFB) and the ratings on the name plate no longer match
the actual device properties.
² Where such changes are necessary in exceptional cases, they MUST be marked clearly and visibly on
the device. Self-adhesive stickers are available that can be used as supplementary name plate.
To perform work on the printed circuit boards, such as checking or moving switching elements or exchanging
modules, proceed as follows:
• Prepare your workplace: provide a suitable pad for electrostatically sensitive devices (ESD). Also the
following tools are required:
– screwdriver with a 5 to 6mm wide tip,
– a crosstip screwdriver for Pz size 1,
– a 5 mm socket wrench.
• Unfasten the screw-posts of the D-subminiature connectors on the back panel at location “A” and “C”. This
activity is not necessary if the device is designed for surface mounting.
• If there is an additional interface on location "B" next to the interfaces at location "A" and "C", remove the
screws located diagonally to the interfaces. This activity is not necessary if the device is designed for
surface mounting.
• Remove the covers on the front panel and loosen the screws which can then be accessed.
! CAUTION
Mind electrostatic discharges:
Non-observance can result in minor personal injury or property damage.
² In order to avoid electrostatic discharges when handling plug connectors, first touch an earthed metal
surface.
² Do not plug or unplug interface connectors under voltage!
For the assembly of the boards for the housing size 1/3 refer to Figure 3-3, and for the housing size 1/2 in
Figure 3-4.
• Disconnect the plug connector of the ribbon cable between the front cover and the processor board C-
CPU-2 at the front cover itself. This is done by pushing apart the plug connector's top and bottom latches
so that the ribbon cable connector is pressed out.
• Disconnect the ribbon cables between the processor board C-CPU-2 (No. 1) and the input/output boards
I/O (according to order variant No. 2 to No. 4).
• Remove the boards and put them on the earth mat to protect them from ESD damage. In the case of the
device variant for panel surface mounting, please be aware of the fact that a certain amount of force is
required in order to remove the C-CPU-2 module due to the existing plug connectors.
• Check the jumpers according to Figures C-CPU-2 processor board, Page 186 to Figure 3-13 and the
following information. Change or remove the jumpers if necessary.
[frontansicht-geh-drittel-o-frontkappe7vk610-240702-oz, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-3 Front view with housing size 1/3 after removal of the front cover (simplified and scaled down)
[frontansicht-geh-einhalb-o-frontkappe7vk611-131102-oz, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-4 Front view with housing size 1/2 after removal of the front cover (simplified and scaled down)
[prozbgr-c-cpu-2-160502-wlk, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-5 Processor printed circuit board C-CPU-2 with jumpers settings required for the board configura-
tion
Table 3-2 Jumper setting of the rated voltage of the integrated Power Supply on the C-CPU-2 processor
board
Table 3-3 Jumper setting of the quiescent state of the Life Contact on the processor board C-CPU-2
Jumper Open in the quiescent state Closed in the quiescent state Presetting
X40 1-2 2-3 2-3
Table 3-4 Jumper setting of the Control Voltages of the binary inputs BI1 to BI5 on the C-CPU-2
processor board
By repositioning jumpers the interface RS485 can be modified into a RS232 interface and vice versa.
Jumpers X105 to X110 must be set to the same position.
Table 3-5 Jumper settings of the integrated RS232/485 Interface on the C-CPU-2 processor board
The jumpers are preset at the factory according to the configuration ordered.
With interface RS232 jumper X111 is needed to activate CTS which enables the communication with the
modem.
Table 3-6 Jumper setting for CTS (Clear To Send, flow control) on the C-CPU-2 processor board
NOTE
i For a direct connection to DIGSI with interface RS232 jumper X111 must be plugged in position 2-3.
If there are no external terminating resistors in the system, the last devices on a RS485 bus must be config-
ured via jumpers X103 and X104.
Table 3-7 Jumper settings of the Terminating Resistors of the RS485 interface on the C-CPU-2 processor
board
[externe-terminierung-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
[ein-ausgabebgr-c-io-4-191102-oz, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-7 C-I/O–4 input/output board with representation of jumper settings required for checking
configuration settings
Table 3-8 Jumper settings of Control Voltages of the binary inputs BI6 to BI20 on the input/output board
C-I/O-4
Jumpers X71, X72 and X73 on the input/output board C-I/O-4 are used for setting the bus address and must
not be changed. The following Table lists the jumper presettings.
Table 3-9 Jumper setting of the module addresses of the input/output board C-I/O-4
[ein-ausgabebgr-c-io-2-240702-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-8 Input/output module C-I/O-2 up to release 7VK61.../DD, with representation of the jumper
settings required for checking the configuration settings
Table 3-10 Jumper setting for the contact mode of binary output BO6
Jumper Normally-open contact (NO) Closed in quiescent state (NC) Factory setting
X41 1-2 2-3 1-2
The nominal current of the current input transformers are checked on the input/output board C-I/O-2. All
jumpers must be set for one nominal current, i.e. one jumper (X61 to X64) for each input transformer and
additionally the common jumper X60. The position of jumper X64 is not relevant.
Jumpers X71, X72 and X73 on the input/output board C-I/O-2 are used for setting the bus address and must
not be changed. The following Table lists the jumper presettings.
Table 3-11 Jumper settings of the module address of the input/output module C-I/O-2
[ein-ausgabebgr-c-io-2-ab-ausgabe7-251103-oz, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-9 Input/output module C-I/O-2 up to release 7VK61**.../FF, with representation of the jumper
settings required for checking the configuration settings
Contacts of relays for binary outputs BO6, BO7 and BO8 can be configured as normally open or normally
closed (see also General Diagrams in the Appendix).
Table 3-13 Jumper setting for the Contact Type of the relays for BO6, BO7 and BO8
For Jumper Open in quiescent state (NO) 1) Closed in quiescent state (NC)
BO6 X41 1-2 2-3
BO7 X42 1-2 2-3
BO8 X43 1-2 2-3
1) delivery condition
The relays for binary outputs BO1 through BO5 can be connected to common potential, or configured individ-
ually for BO1, BO4 and BO5 (BO2 and BO3 are without function in this context) (see also General Diagrams in
the Appendix).
Table 3-14 Jumper settings for the configuration of the Common Potential of BO1 through BO5 or for
configuration of BO1, BO4 and BO5 as Single Relays
Jumper BO1 through BO5 connected to BO1, BO4, BO5 configured as single relays (BO2, BO3
common potential 1) without function)
X80 1-2, 3-4 2-3, 4-5
X81 1-2, 3-4 2-3, 4-5
X82 2-3 1-2
1) delivery condition
Jumpers X71, X72 and X73 serve for setting the bus address. Their position must not be changed. The
following Table lists the jumper presettings.
Table 3-15 Jumper setting of the module addresses of the input/output board C-I/O-2
[ein-ausgabebgr-c-io-11-160502-wlk, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-10 C-I/O-11 input/output board with representation of jumper settings required for checking
configuration settings
Table 3-16 Jumper settings for Pickup Voltages of the binary inputs BI6 and BIG7 on the input/output
board C-I/O-11
BI6 X21 L M H
BI7 X22 L M H
1) Factory settings for devices with power supply voltages of DC 24 to 125 V
2) Factory
settings for devices with power supply voltages of DC 110 to 250 V and
AC 115/230 V
3) Only use for control voltages DC 220 to 250 V and AC 230 V
The set nominal current of the current input transformers are checked on the input/output board C-I/O-11. The
jumpers X60 to X63 must be set for one nominal current, i.e. one jumper (X61 to X63) for each input trans-
former and additionally the common jumper X60. The jumper X64 determines the rated current for the input
IE and may thus have a setting that deviates from that of the phase currents. Jumper X64 is not relevant.
Jumper X64 is plugged in position "IE".
Jumpers X71, X72 and X73 on the input/output board C-I/O-11 are used for setting the bus address and must
not be changed. The following Table lists the jumper presettings.
Table 3-17 Jumper settings of Bus Address of the input/output board C-I/O-11
[aufsicht-c-cpu-2-mit-schnittstellen-131102-oz, 1, en_GB]
• Devices in surface mounting housings with double-level terminals can only be changed in our manufac-
turing centre. Use only interface modules that can be ordered ex-factory via the ordering code (see also
Appendix A Ordering Information and Accessories).
• You may have to ensure the termination of the interfaces featuring bus capability according to the
margin heading “RS485 Interface”.
The order numbers of the exchange modules can be found in the Appendix in Section A Ordering Information
and Accessories Accessories.
RS232 Interface
Interface RS232 can be modified to interface RS485 and vice versa (see Figures Figure 3-12 and Figure 3-13).
Figure 3-11 shows the C-CPU-2 PCB with the layout of the modules.
The following figure shows the location of the jumpers of interface RS232 on the interface module.
Surface-mounted devices with fiber optics connection have their fiber optics module fitted in the console
housing on the case bottom. The fiber optics module is controlled via an RS232 interface module at the associ-
ated CPU interface slot. For this application type the jumpers X12 and X13 on the RS232 module are plugged
in position 2-3.
[steckbruecken-rs232-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
Terminating resistors are not required for RS232. They are disconnected.
Jumper X11 is used to activate the flow control which is important for the modem communication.
Table 3-19 Jumper setting for CTS (Clear To Send, flow control) on the interface module.
NOTE
i For a direct connection to DIGSI with interface RS232 jumper X11 must be plugged in position 2-3.
RS485 Interface
The following figure shows the location of the jumpers of interface RS485 on the interface module.
Interface RS485 can be modified to Figure 3-12 interface RS232 and vice versa.
[steckbruecken-rs485-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-13 Position of terminating resistors and the plug-in jumpers for configuration of the RS485 inter-
face
Profibus/DNP Interface
[steckbruecken-profibus-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-14 Location of the jumpers for configuring the terminating resistors of the active electrical
module (PROFIBUS and DNP 3.0 interface)
Termination
For bus-capable interfaces, a termination is necessary at the respective last device on the bus, i.e. termination
resistors must be connected. On the 7VK61 device, this concerns the variants with RS485 or PROFIBUS7/DNP
interfaces.
The terminating resistors are located on the RS485 or PROFIBUS interface module, which is on the C-CPU-2
board (Serial no.1 in Figures Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4), or directly on the PCB of the processor board C-CPU-2
(see margin heading "Processor Board C-CPU-2“, C-CPU-2 processor board, Page 186).
Figure 3-11 shows the C-CPU-2 PCB with the layout of the modules.
The board with configuration as RS485 interface is shown in Figure 3-13, the module for the Profibus/DNP
interface in Figure 3-14.
For the configuration of the terminating resistors both jumpers have to be plugged in the same way.
On delivery the jumpers are set so that the terminating resistors are disconnected.
The terminating resistors can also be implemented outside the device (e.g. at the terminal block), see
Figure 3-15. In this case, the terminating resistors located on the interface module or directly on the PCB of
the processor board C-CPU-2 must be disconnected.
[externe-terminierung-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
3.1.2.5 Reassembly
The device is assembled in the following steps:
• Carefully insert the boards into the case. The mounting locations are shown in Figures Figure 3-3 and
Figure 3-4. For the model of the device designed for surface mounting, use the metal lever to insert the
processor board C-CPU-2. Installation is easier with the lever.
• First plug in the plug connectors of the ribbon cable onto the input/output board I/O and then onto the
processor board C-CPU-2. Be careful that no connector pins are bent! Do not apply force!
• Connect the plug connectors of the ribbon cable between processor board C-CPU-2 and the front panel to
the front panel plug connector.
• Re-fasten the interfaces on the rear of the device housing. This activity is not necessary if the device is
designed for surface mounting.
3.1.3 Mounting
• Remove the 4 covers at the corners of the front cover. Thus, 4 elongated holes in the mounting bracket
are revealed and can be accessed.
• Insert the device into the panel cut out and fasten it with 4 screws. For dimensions refer to section
4.10 Dimensions.
• Connect a solid low-impedance protective earthing at the rear of the device with at least one M4 screw.
The cross-section of the earth wire must be equal to the cross-section of any other control conductor
connected to the device. The cross-section of the earth wire must be at least 2.5 mm2.
• Connections are realized via the plug terminals or screw terminals on the rear side of the device
according to the circuit diagram.
When using screwed connections with forked lugs or direct connection, before inserting wires the screws
must be tightened so that the screw heads are flush with the outer edge of the connection block.
A ring lug must be centred in the connection chamber, in such a way that the screw thread fits in the
hole of the lug.
The SIPROTEC 4 System Description has pertinent information regarding wire size, lugs, bending radii,
etc. Installation notes are also given in the brief reference booklet attached to the device.
[schalttafeleinbau-gehaeuse-4zeilig-display-drittel-st-040403, 1, en_GB]
[schalttafeleinbau-gehaeuse-4zeilig-display-halb-st-040403, 1, en_GB]
• Tighten fast the 8 screws of the angle brackets in the rack or cabinet.
• Connect a solid low-impedance protective earthing at the rear of the device with at least one M4 screw.
The cross-section of the earth wire must be equal to the cross-section of any other control conductor
connected to the device. The cross-section of the earth wire must be at least 2.5 mm2.
• Make the connections on the device's back panel using the plug or screw terminals as shown in the
wiring diagram.
For screw connections with forked lugs or direct connection, before inserting wires the screws must be
tightened so that the screw heads are flush with the outer edge of the connection block.
A ring lug must be centred in the connection chamber so that the screw thread fits in the hole of the lug.
The SIPROTEC 4 System Description has pertinent information regarding wire size, lugs, bending radii,
etc. Installation notes are also given in the brief reference booklet attached to the device.
[montage-gehause-4zeilig-display-drittel, 1, en_GB]
[montage-gehaeuse-4zeilig-display-halb-st-040403, 1, en_GB]
• Connect the low-resistance operational and protective earth to the ground terminal of the device. The
crosssectional area of the ground wire must be equal to the cross-sectional area of any other control
conductor connected to the device. It must thus be at least 2.5 mm2.
• Alternatively, there is the possibility to connect the aforementioned earthing to the lateral earthing
surface with at least one M4 screw.
• Make the connections according to the circuit diagram via screw terminals, connections for optical fibres
and electrical communication modules via the console housings. The specifications concerning the
maximum cross-section, tightening torques, bending radii and strain relief given in the SIPROTEC 4
System Description must be observed. Installation notes are also given in the brief reference booklet that
comes with the device.
The tables in the following sections list the pin assignments for the different serial interfaces, the time
synchronization interface and the Ethernet interface of the device. The position of the connectors is depicted
in the following figures.
[dsub-buchsen-020313-kn, 1, en_GB]
[ethernet-anschlussbuchsen-101103-kn, 1, en_GB]
Operator Interface
When the recommended communication cable is used (for order designation see Appendix A Ordering Infor-
mation and Accessories) correct connection between the SIPROTEC 4 device and the PC or Laptop is automati-
cally ensured
Service Interface
Check the data connection if the service interface is used to communicate with the device via hard wiring or
modem.
System Interface
For versions equipped with a serial interface to a control center, the user must check the data connection. The
visual check of the assignment of the transmission and reception channels is of particular importance. With
RS232 and fiber optic interfaces, each connection is dedicated to one transmission direction. Therefore the
output of one device must be connected to the input of the other device and vice versa.
With data cables, the connections are designated according to DIN 66020 and ISO 2110:
• TxD = Data Transmit
• RxD = Data Receive
Table 3-20 The assignments of the D-subminiature and RJ45 connector for the various interfaces
Pin No. Operator RS232 RS485 PROFIBUS FMS Slave, RS485 DNP3.0 RS485 Ethernet
interface PROFIBUS DP Slave, RS485 EN 100
1 Shield (with shield ends electrically connected) Tx+
2 RxD RxD - - - Tx-
3 TxD TxD A/A’ (RxD/TxD-N) B/B’ (RxD/TxD-P) A Rx+
4 - - - CNTR-A (TTL) RTS (TTL level) -
5 GND GND C/C’ (GND) C/C’ (GND) GND1 -
6 - - - +5 V (max. load < 100 mA) VCC1 Rx-
7 RTS RTS - 1) - - -
8 CTS CTS B/B’ (RxD/TxD-P) A/A’ (RxD/TxD-N) B -
9 - - - - - Non Exis-
tent
1) Pin 7 also carries the RTS signal with RS232 level when operated as RS485 Interface. Pin 7 must therefore
not be connected!
RS485-Termination
The RS485 interface is capable of half-duplex service with the signals A/A' and B/B' with a common relative
potential C/C' (GND). Make sure that only the terminating resistors at the last device on the bus are connected,
but not for all other devices on the bus. The jumpers for the terminating resistors are on the interface module
(see Figure 3-12 or Figure 3-13) of directly on the C-CPU-2 (see Figure 3-5 and Table 3-7). Terminating resis-
tors can also be connected externally (e.g. to the terminal block, see Figure 3-6). In this case, the terminating
resistors located on the module must be disabled.
If the bus is extended, make sure again that only the terminating resistors at the last device on the bus are
connected.
Optical Fibres
! WARNING
Do not look directly into the fiber-optic elements, not even with optical devices! Laser class 1
according to EN 60825-1.
²
Further Connections
For further connections a visual inspection is sufficient for the time being. Electrical and functional controls
are performed during commissioning (see the following main section).
! WARNING
Warning of dangerous voltages
Non-observance of the following measures can result in death, personal injury or substantial prop-
erty damage.
² Therefore, only qualified people who are familiar with and adhere to the safety procedures and
precautionary measures shall perform the inspection steps.
! CAUTION
Be careful when operating the device on a battery charger without a battery
Non-observance of the following measure can lead to unusually high voltages and consequently, the
destruction of the device.
² Do not operate the device on a battery charger without a connected battery. (For limit values see also
Technical Data, Section 4.1 General).
Before the device is energized for the first time, it should be in the final operating environment for at least 2
hours to equalize the temperature, to minimize humidity and avoid condensation. Connections are checked
with the device at its final location. The plant must first be switched off and earthed.
Proceed as follows in order to check the system connections:
• Protective switches for the power supply and the measured voltages must be switched off.
• Check the continuity of all current and voltage transformer connections against the system and connec-
tion diagrams:
– Are the current transformers earthed properly?
– Are the polarities of the current transformers the same?
– Is the phase relationship of the current transformers correct?
– Are the voltage transformers earthed properly?
– Are the polarities of the voltage transformers correct?
– Is the phase relationship of the voltage transformers correct?
– Is the polarity for current input Ι4 correct (if used)?
– Is the polarity for voltage input U4 correct (if used, e.g. with open delta winding or busbar voltage)?
• Check the functions of all test switches that are installed for the purposes of secondary testing and isola-
tion of the device. Of particular importance are test switches in current transformer circuits. Be sure these
switches short-circuit the current transformers when they are in the “test mode”.
• The short circuit links of the connectors for the current circuits have to be checked. This can be done
using secondary test equipment or other test equipment for checking continuity. Make sure that terminal
continuity is not wrongly simulated in reverse direction via current transformers or their short-circuiters.
– Remove the front cover.
– Remove the ribbon cable connected to the input/output board with the measured current inputs (on
the front side it is the right PCB, for housing size 1/3 see Figure 3-3 slot 19, for housing size 1/2 see
Figure 3-4 slot 33) and remove the PCB so that there is no more contact with the plug-in terminal.
– At the terminals of the device, check continuity for each pair of terminals that receives current from
the CTs.
– Firmly re-insert the I/O board. Carefully connect the ribbon cable. Be careful that no connector pins
are bent! Don't apply force!
– At the terminals of the device, again check continuity for each pair of terminals that receives current
from the CTs.
– Attach the front panel and tighten the screws.
• Connect an ammeter in the supply circuit of the power supply. A range of about 2.5 A to 5 A for the
meter is appropriate.
• Switch on m.c.b. for auxiliary voltage (supply protection), check the voltage level and, if applicable, the
polarity of the voltage at the device terminals or at the connection modules.
• The measured steady-state current should correspond to the quiescent power consumption of the device.
Transient movement of the ammeter merely indicates the charging current of capacitors.
• Remove the voltage from the power supply by opening the protective switches.
• Disconnect the measuring test equipment; restore the normal power supply connections.
• Verify that the voltage phase rotation at the device terminals is correct.
• Open the miniature circuit breakers for the transformer voltage (VT mcb)
• Verify that the control wiring to and from other devices is correct.
3.3 Commissioning
! WARNING
Warning of dangerous voltages when operating an electrical device
Non-observance of the following measures can result in death, personal injury or substantial prop-
erty damage.
² Only qualified people shall work on and around this device. They must be thoroughly familiar with all
warnings and safety notices in this instruction manual as well as with the applicable safety steps,
safety regulations, and precautionary measures.
² Before making any connections, the device must be earthed at the protective conductor terminal.
² Hazardous voltages can exist in the power supply and at the connections to current transformers,
voltage transformers, and test circuits.
² Hazardous voltages can be present in the device even after the power supply voltage has been
removed (capacitors can still be charged).
² After removing voltage from the power supply, wait a minimum of 10 seconds before re-energizing
the power supply. This wait allows the initial conditions to be firmly established before the device is
re-energized.
² The limit values given in Technical Data must not be exceeded, neither during testing nor during
commissioning.
For tests with a secondary test equipment ensure that no other measurement voltages are connected and the
trip and close commands to the circuit breakers are blocked, unless otherwise specified.
! DANGER
Hazardous voltages during interruptions in secondary circuits of current transformers
Non-observance of the following measure will result in death, severe personal injury or substantial
property damage.
² Short-circuit the current transformer secondary circuits before current connections to the device are
opened.
During the commissioning procedure, switching operations must be carried out. The tests described require
that they can be done without danger. They are accordingly not meant for operational checks.
! WARNING
Warning of dangers evolving from improper primary tests
Non-observance of the following measure can result in death, personal injury or substantial property
damage.
² Primary tests may only be carried out by qualified persons who are familiar with commissioning
protection systems, with managing power systems and the relevant safety rules and guidelines
(switching, earthing etc.).
If external time synchronization sources are used, the data of the time source (antenna system, time gener-
ator) are checked (see Section 4 under „Time Synchronization“). A correct function (IRIG B, DCF77) is recog-
nized in such a way that 3 minutes after the startup of the device the clock status is displayed as synchron-
ized, accompanied by the indication Alarm Clock OFF. For further information please refer to the
SIPROTEC System Description.
Prefacing Remarks
If the device features a system interface and uses it to communicate with the control centre, the DIGSI device
operation can be used to test if messages are transmitted correctly. This test option should however definitely
“not”“ be used while the device is in service on a live system.
! DANGER
The sending or receiving of indications via the system interface by means of the test function is a
real information exchange between the SIPROTEC 4 device and the control centre. Connected oper-
ating equipment such as circuit breakers or disconnectors can be switched in this way!
Non-observance of the following measure will result in death, severe personal injury or substantial
property damage.
² Equipment used to allow switching such as circuit breakers or disconnectors is to be checked only
during commissioning. Do not under any circumstances check them by means of the testing mode
during “real” operation performing transmission and reception of messages via the system interface.
NOTE
i After termination of the hardware test, the device will reboot. Thereby, all annunciation buffers are erased.
If required, these buffers should be extracted with DIGSI prior to the test.
The interface test is carried out using DIGSI in the Online operating mode:
• Open the Online directory by double-clicking; the operating functions for the device appear.
• Click on Test; the function selection appears in the right half of the window.
• Double-click on Testing Messages for System Interface shown in the list view. The dialog box Generate
Indications is opened (see Figure 3-22).
[schnittstelle-testen-110402-wlk, 1, en_GB]
Figure 3-22 System interface test with dialog box: Generating indications – Example
• Click on Send and check whether the transmitted information reaches the control centre and shows the
desired reaction. Data which are normally linked via binary inputs (first character “>”) are likewise indi-
cated to the control centre with this procedure. The function of the actual binary inputs is tested sepa-
rately.
Prefacing Remarks
The binary inputs, outputs, and LEDs of a SIPROTEC 4 device can be individually and precisely controlled in
DIGSI. This feature is used to verify control wiring from the device to plant equipment (operational checks)
during commissioning. This test option should however definitely “not”“ be used while the device is in service
on a live system.
! DANGER
A changing of switching states by means of the test function causes a real change of the operating
state at the SIPROTEC 4 device. Connected operating equipment such as circuit breakers or discon-
nectors will be switched in this way!
Non-observance of the following measure will result in death, severe personal injury or substantial
property damage.
² Equipment used to allow switching such as circuit breakers or disconnectors is to be checked only
during commissioning. Do not under any circumstances check them by means of the testing mode
during “real” operation performing transmission and reception of messages via the system interface.
NOTE
i After termination of the hardware test the device will reboot. Thereby, all annunciation buffers are erased.
If required, these buffers should be extracted with DIGSI prior to the test.
The hardware test can be carried out using DIGSI in the Online operating mode:
• Open the Online directory by double-clicking; the operating functions for the device appear.
• Click on Test; the function selection appears in the right half of the window.
• Double-click in the list view on Device inputs and outputs. The dialog box with this name is opened (see
Figure 3-23).
[ein-ausgabe-testen-110402-wlk, 1, en_GB]
coming from a protection function or a control command from the operator panel to an output relay cannot
be executed.
Proceed as follows in order to check the output relay:
• Make sure that the switching operations caused by the output relays can be executed without any danger
(see above under DANGER!).
• Each output relay must be tested via the corresponding Scheduled field of the dialog box.
• Finish the testing (see margin heading below “Exiting the Procedure”), so that during further testings no
unwanted switchings are initiated.
• Finish the test sequence (see margin heading below “Exiting the Procedure”).
If, however, the effect of a binary input must be checked without carrying out any switching in the system, it
is possible to trigger individual binary inputs with the hardware test function. As soon as the first state change
of any binary input is triggered and the password No. 6 has been entered, all binary inputs are separated from
the system and can only be activated via the hardware test function.
• For all hardware components with cyclical updating (cycle time is 20 sec) if the Automatic Update (20
sec) field is marked.
General
If the device is equipped with the breaker failure protection and this function is used, the integration of this
protection function into the system must be tested under practical conditions.
Because of the manifold applications and various configuration possibilities of the plant it is not possible to
give a detailed description of the necessary test steps. It is important to consider the local conditions and the
protection and plant drawings.
Before starting the circuit tests it is recommended to isolate the circuit breaker of the feeder to be tested at
both ends, i.e. line disconnectors and busbar disconnectors should be open so that the breaker can be oper-
ated without risk.
! CAUTION
Also for tests on the local circuit breaker of the feeder a trip command to the surrounding circuit breakers
can be issued for the busbar.
Non-observance of the following measure can result in minor personal injury or property damage.
² First disable the trip commands to the adjacent (busbar) breakers, e.g. by interrupting the associated
control voltages.
Before the breaker is closed again for normal operation the trip command of the feeder protection routed to
the circuit breaker must be disconnected so that the trip command can only be initiated by the breaker failure
protection.
Although the following list does not claim to be complete, it may also contain points which are to be ignored
in the current application.
• Start by 3-pole trip command of the external protection via all three binary inputs L1, L2 and L3:
Binary input functions >BF Start L1, >BF Start L2 and >BF Start L3 and if necessary >BF
release (in spontaneous or fault indications). 3-pole trip command.
For 3-pole initiation:
Busbar tripping
The most important thing is the check of the correct distribution of the trip commands to the adjacent circuit
breakers in case of breaker failure.
The adjacent circuit breakers are those of all feeders which must be tripped in order to ensure interruption of
the fault current should the local breaker fail. These are therefore the circuit breakers of all feeders which feed
the busbar or busbar section to which the feeder with the fault is connected.
A general detailed test guide cannot be specified because the layout of the adjacent circuit breakers largely
depends on the system topology.
In particular with multiple busbars the trip distribution logic for the surrounding circuit breakers must be
checked. Here check for every busbar section that all circuit breakers which are connected to the same busbar
section as the feeder circuit breaker under observation are tripped, and no other breakers.
≥ 10 % of Load current
The connections of the current and voltage transformers are tested using primary quantities. Load current of
at least 10 % of the nominal current of the device is necessary. The line is energized and will remain in this
state during the measurements.
With proper connections of the measuring circuits, none of the measured-values supervision elements in the
device should pick up. If an element detects a problem, the causes which provoked it may be viewed in the
Event Log.
If current or voltage summation errors occur, then check the matching factors (see Section 2.1.3.1 Setting
Notes).
Messages from the symmetry monitoring could occur because there actually are asymmetrical conditions in
the network. If these asymmetrical conditions are normal service conditions, the corresponding monitoring
functions should be made less sensitive (see Section 2.7.1.6 Setting Notes).
Quantities
Currents and voltages can be viewed in the display field on the front of the device or the operator interface via
a PC. They can be compared to the actual measured values, as primary and secondary quantities.
If the measured values are not plausible, the connection must be checked and corrected after the line has
been isolated and the current transformer circuits have been short-circuited. The measurements must then be
repeated.
Phase Rotation
The phase rotation must correspond to the configured phase rotation, in general a clockwise phase rotation. If
the system has an anti-clockwise phase rotation, this must have been considered when the power system data
was set (address 235 PHASE SEQ.). Incorrect direction of rotation is indicated Fail Ph. Seq. (No. 171.
The measured value phase allocation must be checked and corrected, if required, after the line has been
isolated and current transformers have been short-circuited. The phase rotation check must then be repeated.
≥ 10 % of Load Current
The correct connection of the current and voltage transformers is tested via the protected line using the load
current. For this purpose, connect the line. The load current the line carries must be at least 0.1·ΙN. The load
current should be in-phase or lagging the voltage (resistive or resistive-inductive load). The direction of the
load current must be known. If there is a doubt, network or ring loops should be opened. The line remains
energized during the test.
The direction can be derived directly from the operational measured values. Initially the correlation of the
measured load direction with the actual direction of load flow is checked. In this case the normal situation is
assumed whereby the forward direction (measuring direction) extends from the busbar towards the line (see
the following Figure).
P positive, if active power flows into the line,
P negative, if active power flows towards the busbar,
Q positive, if reactive power flows into the line,
Q negative, if reactive power flows toward the busbar.
[lastscheinleistung-110402-wlk, 1, en_GB]
The power measurement provides an initial indication as to whether the measured values have the correct
polarity. If both the active power as well as the reactive power have the wrong sign, the polarity in address
201 CT Starpoint must be checked and rectified.
Finally, switch off the protected power line.
Depending on the application of the voltage measuring input U4, a polarity check may be necessary. If no
measuring voltage is connected to this input, this section is irrelevant.
If the input U4 is used for measuring a voltage for overvoltage protection (P.System Data 1 address 210 U4
transformer = Ux transformer), no polarity check is necessary because the polarity is irrelevant here.
The voltage magnitude was checked before.
If the input U4 is used for the measurement of the displacement voltage Uen (P.System Data 1 address 210
U4 transformer = Udelta transf.), the polarity together with the current measurement is checked (see
below).
If input U4 is used for measuring a voltage for synchronism check (P.System Data 1 address 210 U4
transformer = Usy2 transf.), the polarity must be checked as follows using the synchronism check func-
tion.
• Circuit breaker is open. The feeder is isolated (zero voltage). The VTmcb's of both voltage transformer
circuits must be closed.
• For the synchronism check the program AR OVERRIDE = YES (address 3519) is set; the other programs
(addresses 3515 to 3518) are set to NO.
• Via binary input (No.2906 >Sync. Start AR) initiate the measuring request. The synchronism check
must release closing (message Sync. release, No. 2951). If not, check all relevant parameters again
(synchrocheck configured and enabled correctly, see Sections 2.1.1.2 Setting Notes, 2.1.3.1 Setting
Notes and 2.4.2 Setting Notes).
• Then the circuit breaker is closed while the line isolator is open (see Figure 3-25). Both voltage trans-
formers therefore measure the same voltage.
• The programAR SYNC-CHECK = YES (address 3515) is set for synchronism check.
• Via binary input (No.2906 >Sync. Start AR) initiate the measuring request. The synchronism check
must release closing (message Sync. release, No.2951).
[synchronkontrolle-messspannungen-250702-kn, 1, en_GB]
• If not, first check whether one of the before named messages 2947 Sync. Udiff> or 2949 Sync. φ-
diff> is available in the spontaneous messages.
The indication Sync. Udiff> indicates that the magnitude (ratio) adaptation is incorrect. Check
address 215 Usy1/Usy2 ratio and recalculate the adaptation factor, if necessary.
The indication Sync. φ-diff> indicates that the phase relation, in this example of the busbar voltage,
does not match the setting at address 212 Usy2 connection (see Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes).
When measuring across a transformer, address 214 φ Usy2-Usy1 must also be checked; this must
adapt the vector group (see Section2.1.3.1 Setting Notes). If these are correct, there is probably a reverse
polarity of the voltage transformer terminals forUsy2.
• The program AR Usy1>Usy2< = YES (address 3517) and AR SYNC-CHECK = YES (address 3515) is set
for synchronism check.
• Open the VT mcb of the measuring point Usy2 (No. 362 >FAIL:U4 VT).
• Via binary input (No.2906 >Sync. Start AR) a measuring request is entered. There is no close release.
If there is, the VT mcb for the measuring point Usy2 is not allocated. Check whether this is the required
state, alternatively check the binary input >FAIL:U4 VT (No. 362).
• The program AR Usy1<Usy2> = YES (address 3516) and AR Usy1>Usy2< = NO (address 3517) is set
for synchronism check.
• Via binary input (No.2906>Sync. Start AR) initiate the measuring request. The synchronism check
must release closing (message Sync. release, No. 2951). If not, check all voltage connections and
the corresponding parameters again carefully as described in Section 2.1.3.1 Setting Notes.
• Open the VT mcb of the measuring pointUsy1 (No. 361 >FAIL:Feeder VT).
• Via binary input (No. 2906 >Sync. Start AR) initiate the measuring request. No close release is given.
Addresses 3515 to 3519must be restored as they were changed for the test. If the allocation of the LEDs or
signal relays was changed for the test, this must also be restored.
If the standard connection of the device is used whereby current input Ι4 is connected in the starpoint of the
set of current transformers (refer also to the connection circuit diagram in the Appendix C Connection Exam-
ples), then the correct polarity of the earth current path in general automatically results.
If, however, the current Ι4 is supplied by a separate summation CT, an additional direction check for this
current is necessary.
Apart from that the test is carried out with a disconnected trip circuit and primary load current. It must be
noted that during all simulations not exactly corresponding with cases that occur in practice, the asymmetry of
measured values may cause the measured value monitoring to pick up. They must therefore be ignored during
such tests.
! DANGER
Hazardous voltages during interruptions in secondary circuits of current transformers
Non-observance of the following measure will result in death, severe personal injury or substantial
property damage.
² Short-circuit the current transformer secondary circuits before current connections to the device are
opened.
NOTE
i If parameters were changed for this test, they must be returned to their original state after completion of
the test!
Set the calculated time under address 239 als T-CB close (under P.System Data 1). Select the next
lower settable value.
NOTE
i The operating time of the accelerated output relays for command tripping is taken into consideration by
the device itself. The trip command is to be allocated to such a relay. If this is not the case, then add 3 ms
to the measured circuit breaker operating time for achieving a greater response time of the “normal” output
relay.
[messung-der-ls-eigenzeit-260602-kn, 1, en_GB]
3.3.11 Check of the Signal Transmission for Breaker Failure Protection and/or End
Fault Protection
If the transfer trip command for breaker failure protection or stub fault protection is to be transmitted to the
remote end, this transmission must also be checked.
To check the transmission the breaker failure protection function is initiated by a test current (secondary) with
the circuit breaker in the open position. Make sure that the correct circuit breaker reaction takes place at the
remote end.
Each transmission path must be checked on lines with more than two ends.
The device has a vast capability for allowing functions to be defined by the user, especially with the CFC logic.
Any special function or logic added to the device must be checked.
A general procedure cannot in the nature of things be specified. Configuration of these functions and the set
value conditions must be actually known beforehand and tested. Especially, possible interlocking conditions of
the switching devices (circuit breakers, isolators, grounding electrodes) must be observed and checked.
The circuit breaker and tripping circuits can be conveniently tested by the device 7VK61.
The procedure is described in detail in the SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
If the check does not produce the expected results, the cause may be established from the text in the display
of the device or the PC. If necessary, the connections of the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts must be checked:
It must be noted that the binary inputs used for the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts must be assigned sepa-
rately for the CB test. This means it is not sufficient that the auxiliary contacts are allocated to the binary
inputs No. 351 to 353, 379 and/or 380 (according to the possibilities of the auxiliary contacts); additionally,
the corresponding No. 366 to 368 or 410 and/or 411 must be allocated (according to the possibilities of the
auxiliary contacts). In the CB test only the latter ones are analyzed. See also Section 2.8.2 Circuit breaker trip
test. Furthermore, the ready state of the circuit breaker for the CB test must be indicated to the binary input
with No. 371.
In order to verify the reliability of the protection relay even during inrush processes, closing tests can be
carried out to conclude the commissioning process. Oscillograhpic records provide the maximum information
about the behavior of the protection relay.
Prerequisite
Along with the capability of storing fault recordings via pickup of the protection function, the 7VK61 also has
the capability of capturing the same data when commands are given to the device via the DIGSI software, the
serial interface, or a binary input. For the latter, the information >Trig.Wave.Cap. must be allocated to a
binary input. In this case, a fault record is triggered e.g. via binary input when the protected object is ener-
gized.
Such a test fault record triggered externally (i.e. not caused by pickup of a protection function) is processed
like a normal oscillographic record, i.e. a fault log with number is generated which univocally identifies an
oscillographic record. However, these recordings are not displayed in the trip log as they are not fault events.
[7sa-testmessschrieb-starten-310702-kn, 1, en_GB]
Oscillographic recording is immediately started. During the recording, an annunciation is output in the left
area of the status line. Bar segments additionally indicate the progress of the procedure.
The SIGRA or the Comtrade Viewer program is required to view and analyze the oscillographic data.
! CAUTION
Do not apply force!
The tightening torques must not be exceeded as the threads and terminal chambers may otherwise
be damaged!
²
The setting values should be checked again if they were changed during the tests. Check if protection,
control and auxiliary functions to be found with the configuration parameters are set correctly (Section
2.1.1 Functional Scope, Functional Scope). All desired functions must be switched ON. Ensure that a copy of
the setting values is stored on the PC.
Check the internal clock of the device. If necessary, set the clock or synchronize the clock if the element is not
automatically synchronized. Further details on this subject are described in /1/ SIPROTEC 4 System Description.
The indication buffers are deleted under Main Menu → Annunciation → Set/Reset, so that in the future they
only contain information on actual events and states. The numbers in the switching statistics should be reset
to the values that were existing prior to the testing.
The counters of the operational measured values (e.g. operation counter, if available) are reset under Main
Menu → Measurement → Reset.
Press theESC key, several times if necessary, to return to the default display.
Clear the LEDs on the front panel by pressing the LED key, so that they only show real events and states. In
this context, saved output relays are reset, too. Pressing the LED key also serves as a test for the LEDs on the
front panel because they should all light when the button is pressed. If the LEDs display states relevant by that
moment, these LEDs, of course, stay lit.
The green “RUN” LED must light up, whereas the red “ERROR” must not light up.
Close the protective switches. If test switches are available, then these must be in the operating position.
The device is now ready for operation.
This chapter presents the technical data of SIPROTEC 4 7VK61 device and its individual functions, including the
limit values that must not be exceeded under any circumstances. The electrical and functional data of fully
equipped devices are followed by the mechanical data, with dimensional drawings.
4.1 General 226
4.2 Automatic reclosure function (optional) 235
4.3 Overcurrent protection (optional) 236
4.4 Synchronism and voltage check (optional) 243
4.5 Under and over-voltage protection (optional) 244
4.6 Circuit breaker failure protection (optional) 247
4.7 Monitoring Functions 248
4.8 User-defined Functions (CFC) 250
4.9 Auxiliary Functions 254
4.10 Dimensions 256
4.1 General
Current Inputs
Voltage Inputs
Direct Voltage
AC Voltage
Power input
- quiescent approx. 7 VA
- energized 7VK610 approx.12 VA
7VK611 approx. 17 VA
plus approx. 1.5 VA per interface module
Bridging time for failure/short circuit of alternating auxiliary ≥ 50 ms
voltage
Binary Inputs
Variant Quantity
7VK610 7 (configurable)
7VK611 20 (configurable)
Rated voltage range DC 24 V to 250 V, in 3 ranges, bipolar
Switching Thresholds pluggable via jumpers
- for rated voltages DC 24 V/48 V Uin ≥ DC 19 V
DC 60 V/110 V/125 V Uout ≤ DC 14 V
- for rated voltages DC 110 V/125 V/220 V/250 V Uin ≥ DC 88 V
Uout ≤ DC 66 V
- for rated voltages DC 220 V/250 V Uin ≥ DC 176 V
Uout ≤ DC 117 V
Current consumption, energized Approx. 1.8 mA
independent of the control voltage
Maximum admissible voltage DC 300 V
Input Impulse suppression 220 nF coupling capacitance at 220 V with a recovery time
> 60 ms
Output Relay
Operator Interface
Service/Modem Interface
Permissible optical signal attenuation Max. 8 dB, with glass fibre 62.5/125 μm
Transmission distance between two 2 m with plastic fibre
modules with redundant optical ring 500 kBit/s max. 1.6 km
topology and glass fibre 62.5/125 m 1500 kBit/s 530 m
Character idle state (status for “No Light OFF
character”)
Max. number of modules in optical 41
rings with 500 kB/s or 1500 kB/s
DNP3.0 RS485
Connection for flush-mounted housing rear panel, slot “B”,
9-pole D-subminiature female connector
Connection for surface-mounted in console housing
housing
Test voltage 500 V; 50 Hz
Transmission rate up to 19200 Baud
Transmission distance max. 1 km
DNP3.0 FO
FO connector type ST connector receiver/transmitter
Connection for flush-mounted housing rear panel, slot “B”
Connection for surface-mounted in console housing
housing
Transmission rate up to 19200 Baud
Optical wavelength λ = 820 nm
Laser class 1 according to Using glass fibre 50/125 μm or
EN60825-1/-2 Using glass fibre 62.5/125 μm
Permissible optical signal attenuation max. 8 dB, with glass fibre 62.5/125 μm
Transmission distance max. 1.5 km
Ethernet electrical (EN 100) for IEC 61850 and DIGSI
Connection for flush-mounted housing rear panel, slot “B”
2 x RJ45 female connector
100BaseT acc. to IEEE802.3
Connection for surface-mounted in console housing
housing
Test voltage (female connector) 500 V; 50 Hz
Transmission rate 100 MBit/s
Transmission distance 20 m
Ethernet optical (EN100) for IEC 61850 and DIGSI
FO connector type ST connector receiver/transmitter
Connection for flush-mounted housing rear panel, slot “B”
Connection for surface-mounted not available
housing
Transmission rate λ = 1310 nm
Optical wavelength 100 MBit/s
Laser class 1 according to Using glass fibre 50 μm/125 μm or Using glass fibre 62,5 μm/125 μm
EN60825-1/-2
Permissible optical signal attenuation max. 5 dB, with glass fibre 62,5 μm/125 μm
Transmission distance max. 800 m
Specifications
Insulation Test
– Analog measuring inputs, binary inputs, relay outputs common mode: 2 kV; 42 Ω; 0,5 µF
diff. mode: 1 kV; 42 Ω; 0,5 µF
Line conducted HF, amplitude modulated 10 V; 150 kHz to 80 MHz; 80 % AM; 1 kHz
IEC 61000-4-6, Class III
Power system frequency magnetic field
IEC 60255-6 0,5 mT; 50 Hz,
IEC 61000-4-8, Class IV 30 A/m continuous; 300 A/m for 3 s; 50 Hz
Oscillatory Surge Withstand Capability 2.5 kV (Peak); 1 MHz; τ = 15 μs; 400 Surges per s; test duration
IEEE Std C37.90.1 2 s; Ri = 200 Ω
Fast Transient Surge Withstand Cap. 4 kV; 5 ns/50 ns; 5 kHz; burst length = 15 ms; repetition rate
IEEE Std C37.90.1 300 ms; both polarities; Ri = 50 Ω; test duration 1 min
Radiated Electromagnetic Interference 35 V/m; 25 MHz to 1000 MHz
IEEE Std C37.90.2
Damped oscillations IEC 60694, IEC 61000-4-12 2.5 kV (peak value), polarity alternating 100 kHz, 1 MHz, 10
MHz and 50 MHz Ri = 200 Ω
Temperatures
Humidity
The protection device is designed for installation in normal relay rooms and plants, so that electromagnetic immunity is
ensured if installation is done properly.
In addition the following is recommended:
• Contacts and relays operating within the same cabinet or on the same relay board with digital protection equip-
ment, should be in principle provided with suitable surge suppression components.
• For substations with operating voltages of 100 kV and above, all external cables shall be shielded with a conductive
shield earthed at both ends. For substations with lower operating voltages, no special measures are normally
required.
• For substations with lower operating voltages, no special measures are normally required. When removed, many
components are electrostatically endangered; when handling the EEC standards (standards for Electrostatically
Endangered Components) must be observed. The modules, boards, and device are not endangered when the
device is completely assembled.
4.1.9 Construction
Case 7XP20
Dimensions See dimensional drawings, Section 4.10 Dimensions
Characteristic Curves
[td-kennl-amz-n-iec-oz-060802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 4-1 Trip time characteristics of inverse time overcurrent stage, acc. IEC (phases and earth)
[td-kennl-amz-n-ansi-1-oz-060802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 4-2 Trip time characteristics of inverse time overcurrent stage, acc. ANSI/IEEE (phases and earth)
[td-kennl-amz-n-ansi-2-oz-060802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 4-3 Trip time characteristics of inverse time overcurrent stage, acc. ANSI/IEEE (phases and earth)
Overcurrent Stages
Additional time delays TΙP delayed (phases) 0.00 s to 30.00 s Increments 0.01 s
T3Ι0P delayed (earth) 0.00 s to 30.00 s Increments 0.01 s
Characteristics see Figure 4-1
Tolerances
Pickup/dropout thresholds Ιp, 3Ι0p 3% of set value, or 1% nominal current
Pickup time for 2 ≤ Ι/ΙP ≤ 20 and TIP ≥ 1 s 5% of set value ± 15 ms
Pickup time for 2 ≤ Ι/3Ι0P ≤ 20 and T3I0P ≥ 1 s 5% of set value ± 15 ms
Voltages
ΔU measurement
Times
Phase-to-phase overvoltages
Phase-to-earth undervoltage
Undervoltages phase-to-phase
Initiation conditions
Times
NEG Negator X X X X
NOR NOR - Gate X X X X
OR OR - Gate X X X X
REAL_TO_DINT Real after DoubleInt, adapter X X X X
REAL_TO_UINT Real after U-Int, adapter X X X X
RISE_DETECT Rising edge detector X X X X
RS_FF RS- Flipflop – X X X
RS_FF_MEMO Status memory for restart X X X X
SI_GET_STATUS Information status single point X X X X
indication, decoder
SI_SET_STATUS Single point indication with X X X X
status, encoder
SQUARE_ROOT Root Extractor X X X X
SR_FF SR- Flipflop – X X X
SR_FF_MEMO Status memory for restart X X X X
ST_AND AND gate with status X X X X
ST_NOT Negator with status X X X X
ST_OR OR gate with status X X X X
SUB Substraction X X X X
TIMER Timer – X X –
TIMER_SHORT Simple timer – X X –
UINT_TO_REAL U-Int to real, adapter X X X X
UPPER_SETPOINT Upper Limit X – – –
X_OR XOR - Gate X X X X
ZERO_POINT Zero Supression X – – –
General limits
Device-specific Limits
Additional Limits
device, i.e. 5 ms, otherwise the blocks will not start with the starting impulse issued.
Operational measured values for currents ΙL1; ΙL2; ΙL3; 3Ι0; Ι1; Ι2; ΙY; ΙP; ΙEE;
in A primary and secondary and in % ΙNperation
Tolerance 0.5 % of measured value or 0.5 % o ΙN
Operational measured values for voltages UL1-E, UL2-E, UL3-E; 3U0, U0, U1, U2, U1Ko, Usy2 (phase-to-earth
connection)
in kV primary, in V secondary or in % of UNOperation/√3
Tolerance 0.5 % of measured value, or 0.5 % of UN
Operational measured values for voltages Ux, Uen
in V secondary
Tolerance 0.5 % of measured value, or 0.5 % of UN
Operational measured values for voltages UL1-L2, UL2-L3, UL3-L1, Usy2 (LL-Anschluss)
in kV primary, in V secondary or in % of UNBetrieb
Tolerance 0.5 % of measured value or 0.5 % of UN
Operational measured values for power S; P; Q (apparent, active and reactive power)
in MVA; MW; Mvar primary and %N
(operational nominal power) = √3 · UN · ΙN
Tolerance 1 % of SN atΙ/ΙN and U/UN in range 50 to 120 %
1 % of PN at Ι/ΙN and U/UN in range 50 to 120 % and ABS(cos ϕ) in
range 0.7 to 1
1 % of QN at Ι/ΙN and U/UN in range 50 to 120 % and ABS(cos ϕ) in
range 0.7 to 1
Operating measured value for power factor cos φ
Tolerance 0.02
Counter values for energy Wp+, Wq+; Wp-; Wq- (real and reactive energy)
in kWh (MWh or GWh) or
in kVARh (MVARh or GVARh)
Tolerance 1) 5 % for Ι > 0,5 ΙN, U > 0,5 UN and | cosφ | ≥ 0,707
Operating measured values for frequency f in Hz and % fN
Range 94 % to 106 % of fN
10 mHz or 0.02 % of fN
Operational measured values for synchro check Usy1; Usy2; Udiff in kV primär
fsy1; fsy2; fdiff in Hz;
φdiff in °
1) at Nominal Frequency
Fault Logging
Capacity 8 faults with a total of max. 600 messages and up to 100 binary signal traces (marks)
Fault Recording
Switching Statistics
Number of trip events caused by the device Separately for each breaker pole (if single-pole tripping is
possible)
Number of automatic reclosures initiated by the device Separate for 1-pole and 3-pole AR;
Separately for 1st AR cycle
and for all further cyles
Total of interrupted currents Pole segregated
Maximum interrupted current Pole segregated
The GOOSE communication service of IEC 61850 is qualified for switchgear interlocking. The runtime of GOOSE
messages with the protection relay picked up depends on the number of connected IEC 61850 clients. For the devices
applications with protective functions have to be checked in terms of their required runtime. In each case, the manufac-
turer has to be consulted to define the requirements that ensure that the application functions safely.
4.10 Dimensions
[massbild-schrankeinbau-gr-1-3-oz-050802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 4-4 Dimensional drawing of a 7VK610 for panel flush or cubicle mounting (housing size 1/3)
[massbild-schrankeinbau-gr-1-2-oz-050802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 4-5 Dimensional drawing of a 7VK611 for panel flush or cubicle mounting (housing size 1/2)
[massbild-schalttafelaufbau-gr-1-3-oz-050802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 4-6 Dimensional drawing of a 7VK610 for panel surface mounting (housing size 1/3)
[massbild-schalttafelaufbau-gr-1-2-oz-050802, 1, en_GB]
Figure 4-7 Dimensional drawing of a 7VK611 for panel surface mounting (housing size 1/2)
Case Pos. 9
In housing with screw terminals A
Surface-mounted housing with screw terminals E
1) with plug-in jumper one of the 2 voltage ranges can be selected
2) for each binary input the pickup threshold ranges are interchangeable via plug-in jumpers
Region-Specific Default/Language Settings and Function Versions Pos. 10
Region GE, 50 Hz, German language (language can be changed) A
Region World, 50/60 Hz, English language (language can be changed) B
Region US, 60 Hz, American English language (language can be changed) C
Region FR, 50/60 Hz, French language (language can be changed) D
Region World, 50/60 Hz, Spanish language (language can be changed) E
Region World, 50/60 Hz, Italian language (language can be changed) F
Functions Pos. 15
Automatic reclosing function and Breaker failure protection and Overvoltage/Undervoltage Protec-
synchronism check Backup overcurrent tion
without with without C
without with with D
with without without N
with without with P
with with without Q
with with with R
A.2 Accessories
Voltage Transformer Miniature Circuit Breaker
External Converters
Optical interfaces for Profibus and DNP 3.0 are not possible with panel mounted housings. Please order in this
case a device with the appropriate electrical RS485 interface, and the additional OLM converters listed below .
Note: The OLM converter 6GK1502-3CB10 requires an operating voltage of DC 24 V. If the operating voltage
is > DC 24 V the additional power supply 7XV5810-0BA00 is required.
Interface used Order device with additional module/OLM converter
Profibus DP/FMS double ring Profibus DP/FMS RS485/ 6GK1502-3CB01
DNP 3.0 820 nm DNP 3.0 RS485/ 7XV5650-0BA00
Interface Modules
Short-Circuit Links
Plug-in Connector
Buffer battery
Interface Cable
An interface cable and the DIGSI operating software are required for the communication between the
SIPROTEC 4 device and a PC or laptop.
Name Order No.
Interface cable between PC and SIPROTEC, Cable with 7XV5100-4
9-pin male/female connectors
[schrankeinbau-7vk610-a-111102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure B-1 General diagram for 7VK610*-*A (panel flush mounted or cubicle mounted)
7VK611*-*A
[schrankeinbau-7vk611-a-111102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure B-2 General diagram for 7VK611*-*A (panel flush mounted or cubicle mounted)
[schalttafelaufbau-7vk610-e-111102-kn, 1, en_GB]
7VK611*-*E
[schalttafelaufbau-7vk611-e-111102-kn, 1, en_GB]
[anschl-beisp-3stromwandl-sternpkt-121102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure C-1 Current connections to three current transformers and a starpoint connection (normal circuit
layout, for breaker failure protection and operational measurement)
[anschl-beisp-2stromw-erdstromw-121102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure C-2 Current connections to 2 current transformer (for circuit breaker failure protection and opera-
tional measurement)— not permitted for earthed system
[spgw-anschl-und-beliebige-ss-spg-121102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure C-3 Voltage connections to three star-connected voltage transformers and additionally to any
phase-to-phase voltage (for example for the control of synchronism check with three-phase
dead line check, for voltage protection, operational measurement) – preferred for voltage
connection
Irrespective of the connection type of the primary side, a single-phase voltage transformer must always be
connected on secondary side to the first of the three-phase voltage inputs (R15/16) of the 7VK61!
[spgw-anschluss-einphasig-ll-spg-121102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure C-4 Connection circuit for single-phase voltage transformers with phase-to-phase voltages (for the
control of synchronism check with single-phase dead-line check, limited operational measure-
ment)
[anschl-beisp-spgw-anschl-normalanschl-121102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure C-5 Voltage connections to three star-connected voltage transformer (normal circuit layout, for
voltage protection, operational measurement) – not available for Synchronism check applica-
tions
[anschl-beisp-spgw-anschl-mit-e-n-wickl-121102-kn, 1, en_GB]
Figure C-6 Voltage connections to three star-connected voltage transformers with additional open-delta
windings (da–dn–winding, for voltage protection, voltage sum monitoring – not available for
synchronism check applications
When the device leaves the factory, a large number of LED indicators, binary inputs and outputs as well as
function keys are already preset. They are summarized in the following table.
D.1 LEDs 278
D.2 Binary input default settings 279
D.3 Binary output default settings 280
D.4 Function key default settings 281
D.5 Default Display 282
D.6 Pre-defined CFC Charts 283
D.7 Protocol-dependent Functions 284
D.1 LEDs
Table D-1 LED Indication Presettings
4-line Display
The following selection is available as start page which may be configured. Parameter 640 Start image DD
allows to select which of the available default displays will be displayed in normal mode.
[vk61-alle-grundbilder-261102-kn, 1, en_GB]
[cfc-mm-sperre-211002-kn, 1, en_GB]
E.2 Settings
Addresses which have an appended "A" can only be changed with DIGSI, under Additional Settings.
The table indicates region-specific presettings. Column C (configuration) indicates the corresponding secon-
dary nominal current of the current transformer.
Addr. Parameter Function C Setting Options Default Setting Comments
201 CT Starpoint P.System Data towards Line towards Line CT Starpoint
1 towards Busbar
203 Unom PRIMARY P.System Data 1.0 .. 1200.0 kV 400.0 kV Rated Primary Voltage
1
204 Unom SECONDARY P.System Data 80 .. 125 V 100 V Rated Secondary Voltage
1 (Ph-Ph)
205 CT PRIMARY P.System Data 10 .. 5000 A 1000 A CT Rated Primary Current
1
206 CT SECONDARY P.System Data 1A 1A CT Rated Secondary
1 5A Current
207 SystemStarpoint P.System Data Solid Earthed Solid Earthed System Starpoint is
1 Peterson-Coil
Isolated
210 U4 transformer P.System Data Not connected Not connected U4 voltage transformer is
1 Udelta transf.
Usy2 transf.
Ux transformer
211 Uph / Udelta P.System Data 0.10 .. 9.99 1.73 Matching ratio Phase-VT
1 To Open-Delta-VT
212 Usy2 connection P.System Data L1-E L1-L2 VT connection for Usy2
1 L2-E
L3-E
L1-L2
L2-L3
L3-L1
214A φ Usy2-Usy1 P.System Data 0 .. 360 ° 0° Angle adjustment Usy2-
1 Usy1
215 Usy1/Usy2 ratio P.System Data 0.50 .. 2.00 1.00 Matching ratio Usy1 /
1 Usy2
220 I4 transformer P.System Data Not connected In prot. line I4 current transformer is
1 In prot. line
221 I4/Iph CT P.System Data 0.010 .. 5.000 1.000 Matching ratio I4/Iph for
1 CT's
230 Rated Frequency P.System Data 50 Hz 50 Hz Rated Frequency
1 60 Hz
235 PHASE SEQ. P.System Data L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3 Phase Sequence
1 L1 L3 L2
239 T-CB close P.System Data 0.01 .. 0.60 sec 0.06 sec Closing (operating) time
1 of CB
240A TMin TRIP CMD P.System Data 0.02 .. 30.00 sec 0.10 sec Minimum TRIP Command
1 Duration
241A TMax CLOSE CMD P.System Data 0.01 .. 30.00 sec 0.10 sec Maximum Close
1 Command Duration
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
information number
Data Unit
Marked in Oscill. Record
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Data Unit
Marked in Oscill. Record
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
information number
Data Unit
Marked in Oscill. Record
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Data Unit
Marked in Oscill. Record
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
information number
Data Unit
Marked in Oscill. Record
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
2975 SYNC voltage Usy2 < U> Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(P.3503) (SYNC Usy2<<) N OFF
OF
F
2976 SYNC voltage Usy1 Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
>Umax (P.3504) (SYNC N OFF
Usy1>>) OF
F
2977 SYNC voltage Usy1 < U> Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(P.3503) (SYNC Usy1<<) N OFF
OF
F
2978 SYNC Udiff too large Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(Usy2>Usy1) (SYNC N OFF
Usy2>Usy1) OF
F
2979 SYNC Udiff too large Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(Usy2<Usy1) (SYNC N OFF
Usy2<Usy1) OF
F
2980 SYNC fdiff too large Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(fsy2>fsy1) (SYNC N OFF
fsy2>fsy1) OF
F
2981 SYNC fdiff too large Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(fsy2<fsy1) (SYNC N OFF
fsy2<fsy1) OF
F
2982 SYNC PHIdiff too large Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(PHIsy2>PHIsy1) (SYNC N OFF
φsy2>φsy1) OF
F
2983 SYNC PHIdiff too large Sync. Check OUT O ON * LED BO
(PHIsy2<PHIsy1) (SYNC N OFF
φsy2<φsy1) OF
F
6854 >Trip circuit superv. 1: Trip- SP O * * LED BI BO
Trip Relay (>TripC1 Circ.Superv N
TripRel) OF
F
6855 >Trip circuit superv. 1: Trip- SP O * * LED BI BO
Breaker Relay (>TripC1 Circ.Superv N
Bkr.Rel) OF
F
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Function Key
Relay
Type
information number
Data Unit
Binary Input
Chatter Suppression
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
7221 Backup O/C TRIP I>> (O/C Back-Up O/C OUT * ON * LED BO 64 12 2 No
TRIP I>>) 1
7222 Backup O/C TRIP I> (O/C Back-Up O/C OUT * ON * LED BO 64 12 2 No
TRIP I>) 2
7223 Backup O/C TRIP Ip (O/C Back-Up O/C OUT * ON * LED BO 64 12 2 No
TRIP Ip) 3
7235 O/C I-STUB TRIP (I-STUB Back-Up O/C OUT * ON * LED BO 64 13 2 No
TRIP) 5
7325 CB1-TEST TRIP command - Testing OUT O * * LED BO 15 25 1 Yes
Only L1 (CB1-TESTtrip L1) N 3
OF
F
7326 CB1-TEST TRIP command - Testing OUT O * * LED BO 15 26 1 Yes
Only L2 (CB1-TESTtrip L2) N 3
OF
F
7327 CB1-TEST TRIP command - Testing OUT O * * LED BO 15 27 1 Yes
Only L3 (CB1-TESTtrip L3) N 3
OF
F
7328 CB1-TEST TRIP command Testing OUT O * * LED BO 15 28 1 Yes
L123 (CB1-TESTtrip123) N 3
OF
F
7329 CB1-TEST CLOSE Testing OUT O * * LED BO 15 29 1 Yes
command (CB1-TEST N 3
close) OF
F
7345 CB-TEST is in progress Testing OUT O * * LED BO 15 45 1 Yes
(CB-TEST running) N 3
OF
F
7346 CB-TEST canceled due to Testing OUT O *
Power Sys. Fault (CB- _Ev N
TSTstop FLT.)
7347 CB-TEST canceled due to Testing OUT O *
CB already OPEN (CB- _Ev N
TSTstop OPEN)
7348 CB-TEST canceled due to Testing OUT O *
CB was NOT READY (CB- _Ev N
TSTstop NOTr)
7349 CB-TEST canceled due to Testing OUT O *
CB stayed CLOSED (CB- _Ev N
TSTstop CLOS)
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
information number
Data Unit
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
No. Description Function Typ Log Buffers Configurable in Matrix IEC 60870-5-103
e of
LED
Event Log ON/OFF
Trip (Fault) Log ON/OFF
information number
Data Unit
Marked in Oscill. Record
Binary Input
Function Key
Relay
Chatter Suppression
Type
General Interrogation
Info
rma
tion
information number
Control Display
Default Display
Compatibility
Data Unit
Position
Type
CFC
601 I L1 (IL1 =) Measurement 94 148 No 9 1 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 1
602 I L2 (IL2 =) Measurement 94 148 No 9 2 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 2
603 I L3 (IL3 =) Measurement 94 148 No 9 3 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 3
610 3I0 (zero sequence) (3I0 =) Measurement 134 124 No 9 14 CFC CD DD
619 I1 (positive sequence) (I1 =) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
620 I2 (negative sequence) (I2 =) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
621 U L1-E (UL1E=) Measurement 94 148 No 9 4 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 4
622 U L2-E (UL2E=) Measurement 94 148 No 9 5 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 5
623 U L3-E (UL3E=) Measurement 94 148 No 9 6 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 6
624 U L12 (UL12=) Measurement 134 124 No 9 10 CFC CD DD
625 U L23 (UL23=) Measurement 134 124 No 9 11 CFC CD DD
626 U L31 (UL31=) Measurement 134 124 No 9 12 CFC CD DD
627 Uen (Uen =) Measurement 134 118 No 9 1 CFC CD DD
631 3U0 (zero sequence) (3U0 =) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
632 Measured value Usy2 (Usy2=) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
633 Ux (separate VT) (Ux =) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
634 U1 (positive sequence) (U1 =) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
635 U2 (negative sequence) (U2 =) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
636 Measured value U-diff (Usy1- Measurement 130 1 No 9 2 CFC CD DD
Usy2) (Udiff =)
637 Measured value Usy1 (Usy1=) Measurement 130 1 No 9 3 CFC CD DD
638 Measured value Usy2 (Usy2=) Measurement 130 1 No 9 1 CFC CD DD
641 P (active power) (P =) Measurement 94 148 No 9 7 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 7
642 Q (reactive power) (Q =) Measurement 94 148 No 9 8 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 8
643 Power Factor (PF =) Measurement 134 124 No 9 13 CFC CD DD
644 Frequency (Freq=) Measurement 94 148 No 9 9 CFC CD DD
134 124 No 9 9
645 S (apparent power) (S =) Measurement - - - - - CFC CD DD
646 Frequency fsy2 (F-sy2 =) Measurement 130 1 No 9 4 CFC CD DD
647 Frequency difference (F-diff=) Measurement 130 1 No 9 5 CFC CD DD
information number
Control Display
Default Display
Compatibility
Data Unit
Position
Type
CFC
648 Angle difference (φ-diff=) Measurement 130 1 No 9 6 CFC CD DD
649 Frequency fsy1 (F-sy1 =) Measurement 130 1 No 9 7 CFC CD DD
684 U0 (zero sequence) (U0 =) Measurement 134 118 No 9 2 CFC CD DD
888 Pulsed Energy Wp (active) Energy 133 55 No 205 - CFC CD DD
(Wp(puls))
889 Pulsed Energy Wq (reactive) Energy 133 56 No 205 - CFC CD DD
(Wq(puls))
924 Wp Forward (Wp+=) Energy 133 51 No 205 - CFC CD DD
925 Wq Forward (Wq+=) Energy 133 52 No 205 - CFC CD DD
928 Wp Reverse (Wp-=) Energy 133 53 No 205 - CFC CD DD
929 Wq Reverse (Wq-=) Energy 133 54 No 205 - CFC CD DD
Bay controllers
Bay controllers are devices with control and monitoring functions without protective functions.
BP_xx
→ Bit pattern indication (Bitstring Of x Bit), x designates the length in bits (8, 16, 24 or 32 bits).
Buffer battery
The buffer battery ensures that specified data areas, flags, timers and counters are retained retentively.
C_xx
Command without feedback
CF_xx
Command with feedback
CFC
Continuous Function Chart. CFC is a graphical editor with which a program can be created and configured by
using ready-made blocks.
CFC blocks
Blocks are parts of the user program delimited by their function, their structure or their purpose.
Chatter ON
A rapidly intermittent input (for example, due to a relay contact fault) is switched off after a configurable
monitoring time and can thus not generate any further signal changes. The function prevents overloading of
the system when a fault arises.
Combination devices
Combination devices are bay devices with protection functions and a control display.
Combination matrix
From DIGSI V4.6 onward, up to 32 compatible SIPROTEC 4 devices can communicate with one another in an
Inter Relay Communication combination (IRC combination). Which device exchanges which information is
defined with the help of the combination matrix.
Communication branch
A communications branch corresponds to the configuration of 1 to n users that communicate by means of a
common bus.
Communication reference CR
The communication reference describes the type and version of a station in communication by PROFIBUS.
Component view
In addition to a topological view, SIMATIC Manager offers you a component view. The component view does
not offer any overview of the hierarchy of a project. It does, however, provide an overview of all the SIPROTEC
4 devices within a project.
COMTRADE
Common Format for Transient Data Exchange, format for fault records.
Container
If an object can contain other objects, it is called a container. The object Folder is an example of such a
container.
Control Display
The display which is displayed on devices with a large (graphic) display after you have pressed the control key
is called the control display. It contains the switchgear that can be controlled in the feeder with status display.
It is used to perform switching operations. Defining this display is part of the configuration.
Data pane
The right-hand area of the project window displays the contents of the area selected in the → navigation
window, for example indications, measured values, etc. of the information lists or the function selection for
the device configuration.
DCF77
The extremely precise official time is determined in Germany by the "Physikalisch-Technische-Bundesanstalt
PTB" in Braunschweig. The atomic clock station of the PTB transmits this time via the long-wave time-signal
transmitter in Mainflingen near Frankfurt/Main. The emitted time signal can be received within a radius of
approx. 1,500 km from Frankfurt/Main.
Device container
In the Component View, all SIPROTEC 4 devices are assigned to an object of type Device container. This object
is a special object of DIGSI Manager. However, since there is no component view in DIGSI Manager, this object
only becomes visible in conjunction with STEP 7.
Double command
Double commands are process outputs which indicate 4 process states at 2 outputs: 2 defined (for example
ON/OFF) and 2 undefined states (for example intermediate positions)
Double-point indication
Double-point indications are items of process information which indicate 4 process states at 2 inputs: 2
defined (for example ON/OFF) and 2 undefined states (for example intermediate positions).
DP
→ Double-point indication
DP_I
→ Double point indication, intermediate position 00
Earth
The conductive earth whose electric potential can be set equal to zero at every point. In the area of earth elec-
trodes the earth can have a potential deviating from zero. The term "Earth reference plane" is often used for
this state.
Earth (verb)
This term means that a conductive part is connected via an earthing system to the → earth.
Earthing
Earthing is the total of all means and measures used for earthing.
Electromagnetic compatibility
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the ability of an electrical apparatus to function fault-free in a specified
environment without influencing the environment unduly.
EMC
→ Electromagnetic compatibility
ESD protection
ESD protection is the total of all the means and measures used to protect electrostatic sensitive devices.
EVA
Limiting value, user-defined
ExBPxx
External bit pattern indication via an ETHERNET connection, device-specific → Bit pattern indication
ExC
External command without feedback via an ETHERNET connection, device-specific
ExCF
Command with feedback via an ETHERNET connection, device-specific
ExDP
External double point indication via an ETHERNET connection, device-specific → Double point indication
ExDP_I
External double point indication via an ETHERNET connection, intermediate position 00, device-specific →
Double point indication
ExMV
External metered value via an ETHERNET connection, device-specific
ExSI
External single point indication via an ETHERNET connection, device-specific → Single point indication
ExSI_F
External single point indication via an ETHERNET connection, Spontaneous event, device-specific → Fleeting
indication, → Single point indication
Field devices
Generic term for all devices assigned to the field level: Protection devices, combination devices, bay control-
lers.
Fleeting Indication
Fleeting indications are single-point indications present for a very short time, in which only the coming of the
process signal is logged and further processed time-correctly.
Folder
This object type is used to create the hierarchical structure of a project.
GOOSE message
GOOSE messages (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) according to IEC 61850 are data packets which
are transferred event-controlled via the Ethernet communication system. They serve for direct information
exchange among the relays. This mechanism implements cross-communication between bay units.
GPS
Global Positioning System. Satellites with atomic clocks on board orbit the earth twice a day on different paths
in approx. 20,000 km. They transmit signals which also contain the GPS universal time. The GPS receiver
determines its own position from the signals received. From its position it can derive the delay time of a satel-
lite signal and thus correct the transmitted GPS universal time.
Hierarchy level
Within a structure with higher-level and lower-level objects a hierarchy level is a container of equivalent
objects.
HV field description
The HV project description file contains details of fields which exist in a ModPara-project. The actual field infor-
mation of each field is stored in a HV field description file. Within the HV project description file, each field is
allocated such a HV field description file by a reference to the file name.
HV project description
All the data is exported once the configuration and parameterization of PCUs and sub-modules using ModPara
has been completed. This data is split up into several files. One file contains details about the fundamental
project structure. This also includes, for example, information detailing which fields exist in this project. This
file is called a HV project description file.
ID
Internal double point indication → Double point indication
ID_S
Internal double point indication, intermediate position 00 → Double point indication
IEC
International Electrotechnical Commission, international standardization body
IEC61850
International communication standard for communication in substations. The objective of this standard is the
interoperability of devices from different manufacturers on the station bus. An Ethernet network is used for
data transfer.
IEC address
Within an IEC bus a unique IEC address has to be assigned to each SIPROTEC 4 device. A total of 254 IEC
addresses are available for each IEC bus.
Initialization string
An initialization string comprises a range of modem-specific commands. These are transmitted to the modem
within the framework of modem initialization. The commands can, for example, force specific settings for the
modem.
IntSP
Internal single point indication → Single point indication
IntSP_Ev
Internal indication Spontaneous event → Fleeting indication, → Single point indication
IRC combination
Inter Relay Communication, IRC, is used for directly exchanging process information between SIPROTEC 4
devices. You require an object of type IRC combination to configure an inter relay communication. Each user
of the combination and all the necessary communication parameters are defined in this object. The type and
scope of the information exchanged between the users is also stored in this object.
IRIG B
Time signal code of the Inter-Range Instrumentation Group
ISO 9001
The ISO 9000 ff range of standards defines measures used to assure the quality of a product from the develop-
ment stage to the manufacturing stage.
LFO-Filter
(Low-Frequency-Oscillation) Filter for low frequency oscillations
Link address
The link address gives the address of a V3/V2 device.
List view
The right window section of the project window displays the names and icons of objects which represent the
contents of a container selected in the tree view. Because they are displayed in the form of a list, this area is
called the list view.
LPS
Line Post Sensor
LV
Limiting value
Master
Masters may send data to other users and request data from other users. DIGSI operates as a master.
Metered value
Metered values are a processing function with which the total number of discrete similar events (counting
pulses) is determined for a period, usually as an integrated value. In power supply companies the electrical
work is usually recorded as a metered value (energy purchase/supply, energy transportation).
MLFB
MLFB is the abbreviation for "MaschinenLesbare FabrikateBezeichnung" (machine-readable product designa-
tion). This is the equivalent of an order number. The type and version of a SIPROTEC 4 device is coded in the
order number.
Modem connection
This object type contains information on both partners of a modem connection, the local modem and the
remote modem.
Modem profile
A modem profile consists of the name of the profile, a modem driver and may also comprise several initializa-
tion commands and a user address. You can create several modem profiles for one physical modem. To do so
you need to link various initialization commands or user addresses to a modem driver and its properties and
save them under different names.
Modems
Modem profiles for a modem connection are stored in this object type.
MV
Measured value
MVMV
Metered value which is formed from the measured value
MVT
Measured value with time
MVU
Measured value, user-defined
Navigation pane
The left pane of the project window displays the names and symbols of all containers of a project in the form
of a folder tree.
Object
Each element of a project structure is called an object in DIGSI.
Object properties
Each object has properties. These might be general properties that are common to several objects. An object
can also have specific properties.
Off-line
In offline mode a connection to a SIPROTEC 4 device is not required. You work with data which are stored in
files.
On-line
When working in online mode, there is a physical connection to a SIPROTEC 4 device. This connection can be
implemented as a direct connection, as a modem connection or as a PROFIBUS FMS connection.
OUT
Output Indication
OUT_Ev
Output indication Spontaneous event→ Fleeting indication
Parameterization
Comprehensive term for all setting work on the device. The parameterization is done with DIGSI or sometimes
also directly on the device.
Parameter set
The parameter set is the set of all parameters that can be set for a SIPROTEC 4 device.
Phone book
User addresses for a modem connection are saved in this object type.
PMV
Pulse metered value
Process bus
Devices with a process bus interface allow direct communication with SICAM HV modules. The process bus
interface is equipped with an Ethernet module.
PROFIBUS
PROcess FIeld BUS, the German process and field bus standard, as specified in the standard EN 50170, Volume
2, PROFIBUS. It defines the functional, electrical, and mechanical properties for a bit-serial field bus.
PROFIBUS address
Within a PROFIBUS network a unique PROFIBUS address has to be assigned to each SIPROTEC 4 device. A total
of 254 PROFIBUS addresses are available for each PROFIBUS network.
Project
Content-wise, a project is the image of a real power supply system. Graphically, a project is represented as a
number of objects which are integrated in a hierarchical structure. Physically, a project consists of a number of
directories and files containing project data.
Protection devices
All devices with a protective function and no control display.
Reorganizing
Frequent addition and deletion of objects results in memory areas that can no longer be used. By reorganizing
projects, you can release these memory areas again. However, a cleanup also reassigns the VD addresses. The
consequence is that all SIPROTEC 4 devices have to be reinitialized.
RIO file
Relay data Interchange format by Omicron.
RSxxx-interface
Serial interfaces RS232, RS422/485
Service interface
Rear serial interface on the devices for connecting DIGSI (for example, via modem).
SICAM WinCC
The SICAM WinCC operator control and monitoring system displays the state of your network graphically, visu-
alizes alarms, interrupts and indications, archives the network data, offers the possibility of intervening
manually in the process and manages the system rights of the individual employee.
Single command
Single commands are process outputs which indicate 2 process states (for example, ON/OFF) at one output.
SIPROTEC
The registered trademark SIPROTEC is used for devices implemented on system base V4.
SIPROTEC 4 device
This object type represents a real SIPROTEC 4 device with all the setting values and process data it contains.
SIPROTEC 4 Variant
This object type represents a variant of an object of type SIPROTEC 4 device. The device data of this variant
may well differ from the device data of the original object. However, all variants derived from the original
object have the same VD address as the original object. For this reason they always correspond to the same
real SIPROTEC 4 device as the original object. Objects of type SIPROTEC 4 variant have a variety of uses, such
as documenting different operating states when entering parameter settings of a SIPROTEC 4 device.
Slave
A slave may only exchange data with a master after being prompted to do so by the master. SIPROTEC 4
devices operate as slaves.
SP
→ Single point indication
SP_W
→ Single point indication Spontaneous event → Fleeting indication, → Single point indication
System interface
Rear serial interface on the devices for connecting to a substation controller via IEC or PROFIBUS.
TI
Transformer Tap Indication
Time stamp
Time stamp is the assignment of the real time to a process event.
Topological view
DIGSI Manager always displays a project in the topological view. This shows the hierarchical structure of a
project with all available objects.
Tree view
The left pane of the project window displays the names and symbols of all containers of a project in the form
of a folder tree. This area is called the tree view.
Ungrounded
Without any electrical connection to → ground.
User address
A user address comprises the name of the user, the national code, the area code and the user-specific phone
number.
Users
From DIGSI V4.6 onward , up to 32 compatible SIPROTEC 4 devices can communicate with one another in an
Inter Relay Communication combination. The individual participating devices are called users.
VD
A VD (Virtual Device) includes all communication objects and their properties and states that are used by a
communication user through services. A VD can be a physical device, a module of a device or a software
module.
VD address
The VD address is assigned automatically by DIGSI Manager. It exists only once in the entire project and thus
serves to identify unambiguously a real SIPROTEC 4 device. The VD address assigned by DIGSI Manager must
be transferred to the SIPROTEC 4 device in order to allow communication with DIGSI Device Editor.
VFD
A VFD (Virtual Field Device) includes all communication objects and their properties and states that are used
by a communication user through services.
VI
VI stands for Value Indication.
Symbols C
(Fail Conductor) 133 C-I/O-4 Input/Output Board
188
Change Group 36
Changing Setting Group 179
1,2,3 ... Check:
Direction 216
26, 37, 149, 235, 236, 248, 254 Polarity of the Voltage Input 217
Switching Test of Operating Equipment 221
Checking:
Time Synchronisation Interface 209
A Checking: System Connections 205
Circuit breaker
AC Voltage 226 Closing time 35
Acknowledgement of Commands 174 Malfunction 123
Adaptive Dead Time 235 position logic 151
Adaptive dead time (ADT) 60 Test 35
ADC offset 131 Tripping check 221
Analogue Inputs 226 Circuit Breaker
Asymmetrical measuring voltage failure 142 Detection Position 151
Automatic reclosing commands 164 Measuring the Operating Time 219
Automatic reclosure Test Program 159
1-pole reclose cycle 49 Circuit breaker auxiliary contacts 117
1-pole/3-pole Reclose Cycle 49 Circuit breaker failure protection 115, 125
Circuit breaker auxiliary contacts 48 End fault protection 247
Circuit breaker test 152 Pole discrepancy supervision 247
Automatic Reclosure 44 Times 247
Automatic reclosure function Circuit Breaker Failure Protection 247
3-pole reclose cycle 48 Circuit breaker monitoring 247
Action Times 46 Initiation conditions 247
Control 52 Circuit breaker not operational 128
Initiation 46 Circuit breaker status 38
Operating modes 47 Climatic Stress Tests 233
Auxiliary and Reference Voltages 131 Closing under asynchronous system conditions 89
Auxiliary Voltage 182, 226 Closing under synchronous system conditions 88
Closure Detection 149
Command Execution 170, 170
Command Output 175
B
Command Path 169
Common phase initiation 118
Binary Inputs 227
Communication 21
Binary Outputs 161
Communication Interfaces 228
Buffer battery 131
Configuring the Automatic Reclosing Function 59
Busbar tripping 215
Configuring the functional scope 26
Construction 234
Control Device 173
Control Logic 173
Fault Annunciations 29
Fault Indications 163
Fault Logging 254 M
Fault record 162
Fault recording 41 Malfunction Reaction 140
Fault Recording 20, 255 Measured Value Acquisition
Feedback monitoring 175 Currents 132
Final Preparation of the Device 223 Voltages 132
Forced three-pole trip 59 Measured values 69, 248
Function Blocks 250 Measured voltage failure monitoring 136, 142
Fuse-Failure-Monitor 134, 142 Mechanical Tests 233
Memory Components 131
Monitoring Phase Angle 138
Mounting: Panel Mounting 202