1.

Mr Wang had a total of $37 000 in his savings accounts with Action Bank, Bonus
Bank and Champion Bank at the beginning of 2007. Saving accounts at Action Bank,
Bonus Bank and Champion Bank enjoy interest rates of 1%, 0.5% and 0.3% per
annum respectively. He had a total of $37 240 in the three banks at the end of 2007
and $37 481.89 at the end of 2008. Assuming that he did not deposit or withdraw any
money in 2007 and 2008, find the amount of money he had in his Action Bank
account at the end of 2008. [4]

2. Solve  x cos  ln x  dx . [5]

x
3. Solve the inequality  ln x . Deduce the solution of x > 2ln x. [5]
2

4. A curve is defined by the parametric equations x  t 2 and y  sin t , for   t   .

(i) Sketch the curve, indicating clearly the axial intercepts. [2]
(ii) Find the equation of the normal to the curve that is parallel to the y-axis. [4]

5. The first three terms of a geometric progression are (a  ln b) , ( a  ln b ) and

1
( a  ln 3 b ) , where b > 1. Show that a =  ln b . Find the common ratio and deduce
4
that the geometric progression is convergent. Given that b = e2, find the sum to
infinity of the progression. [6]

6. Express in partial fractions.

Hence find the series expansion of in ascending powers of x, up to and including the
term in x4. Find the coefficient of x2008. [6]

x
7. Find the distance between a point (x, y) on the curve y  e 2 and the point (1, 1) in

x
terms of x. Hence find the coordinates of the point on the curve y  e 2 that is closest

to the point (1, 1), giving your answer correct to 3 decimal places. [6]

1
8. A communicable disease is spreading within a small community with a population of
1000 people. A scientist proposes that the infected population, x, at time t days after
the start of the spread of the disease, satisfies the differential equation

dx
 kx(1000  x ) , where k is a positive constant.
dt
Initially one person in this community is infected and five days later, 12% of the
population is infected. Find the time taken for half the population to contract the
disease. State an assumption made by the scientist. [7]

9. A sequence is defined by u1 = 0 and (1  n)u n 1  n  u n for n   .

1
Prove by mathematical induction that un  1  for n   . [5]
n!

1  ur
Hence find the exact value of 
r 1 2
r . [2]

The sequence ur , r = 1, 2, 3, …, is defined by ur   r (r  1)    (r  1)r  .

2 2
10.
n
Find u
r 1
r . [2]
2
n
 n(n  1) 
(i) By simplifying ur , deduce that 
r 1
r3  
 2 
. [2]
n n
1
By considering  (r  1) , show that r  n(n  1)(2n  1) .
3 2
(ii) [5]
r 1 r 1 6

11. The diagram shows the graph of y = f(x):

y
y=x

(1, 2)
y=

x
(–1, 0)

On separate clearly labelled diagrams, sketch the graphs of

(i) y=,
(ii) y = f(– | x | ),
(iii) y = f (x). [9]

2
 d2 y dy
12. Given that y  x tan 1 x , prove that  1  x 2  2
 2x  2 y  2  0 .
dx dx
By repeated differentiation, show that the first 2 non-zero terms of the Maclaurin’s

1 4 x  tan 1 x
series for y is x  x . Hence evaluate lim
2
. [9]
3 x 0 x3

13. (i) Use the substitution u  2 x  1 to find x 2 x  1 dx . [3]

1
The region R is bounded by the curve y  x 2 x  1 , the y-axis and line y  .
2
(ii) Find the exact area of region R using your result in part (i). [3]
(iii) Find the volume of the solid generated when R is rotated through four right
angles about the x–axis. [3]

14. The functions f and g are defined as follows:

f : x  3  2 x  x 2 , x  , x  k ,
4 x
g:x  e , 0  x  4.
State the largest value of k such that f 1 exists, and find f 1 in a similar form. [4]
(i) Show that the composite function gf does not exist. [1]
(ii) If h is a restriction of f, write down the maximal domain of h such that the
composite function gh exists. Define gh in a similar form and state its range.
[4]
(iii) Find the set of values of x such that g–1g(x + 1) = g g–1(x + 1). [3]

END OF PAPER

3
 2008 C1 H2 Mathematics Promotional Examination Solution:
1 Let a, b, c be the amount in his Action Bank, Bonus Bank and Champion Bank accounts at
the beginning of 2007.
a + b + c = 37 000 –––(1)
1.01a + 1.005b + 1.003c = 37 240 –––(2)
1.012a + 1.0052b + 1.0032c = 37 481.89 –––(3)
From GC, a = 15 000, b = 12 000, c = 10 000.
So at the end of 2008, he had 1.012  15 000 = $15 301.50 in his Action Bank account.
2 u  cos  ln x  v'  x
1 1 2
u '   sin  ln x  v x
x 2
 x cos  ln x  dx
1 2 1
 x cos  ln x    x sin  ln x  dx
2 2
u  sin  ln x  v'  x
1 1 2
u'  cos  ln x  v x
x 2
 x cos  ln x  dx
1 2 1 1 1 
 x cos  ln x    x 2 sin  ln x    x cos  ln x  dx 
2 2 2 2 
5 1 1
 x cos  ln x  dx  x 2 cos  ln x   x 2 sin  ln x 
4 2 4
2 2 1 2
 x cos  ln x  dx  5 x cos  ln x   5 x sin  ln x   C
3

From GC, 0 < x < 4.42806 or x > 13.706

i.e. 0 < x < 4.42 or x > 13.8
Replacing x by x2: > ln x2
x > 2ln x
From above, 0 < x2 < 4.42806 or x2 > 13.706
0 < x < 2.1043 or x > 3.702
0 < x < 2.10 or x > 3.71
4(i)

O 2

4
4(ii) dx dy
 2t  cos t
dt dt
dy dy dt cos t
  
dx dt dx 2t
dy
Normal // y-axis  Tangent // x-axis  0
dx
cos t
 0  cos t  0
2t
 
 t   or
2 2
  2
When t   , x 
2 4
2
Equation of normal is x 
4
5 1 1
Since the 1st 3 terms are in G.P., ( a  ln b)  (a  ln b)(a  ln b)
2

2 3
1 4 1
a 2  a ln b  (ln b) 2  a 2  a ln b  (ln b) 2
4 3 3
1 1 1
a   ln b  a   ln b
3 12 4
1 1
a  ln b ln b
2 1
Common ratio, r = 4 
a  ln b 3
ln b 3
4
1
Since r   1 , the G.P. is convergent.
3
1 1 1
Given that b = e2, a   ln e   2 ln e  
2

4 4 2
a  ln e 2
3 1 9
S   (  2) 
1 2 2 4
1
3
6 Let = +
2x2 + 3x – 1 = A(x2 + 1) + (Bx + C)(x – 1)
Let x = 1: 4 = 2A  A = 2
Let x = 0: –1 = 2 – C  C = 3
Compare coefficients of x2 : 2 = 2 + B  B = 0
=+
= –2(1 – x)–1 + 3(1 + x2)–1
= –2(1 + x + x2 + x3 + x4 + ...) + 3(1 – x2 + x4 – ...)
= 1 – 2x – 5x2 – 2x3 + x4 +...
Coefficient of x2008 = –2 + 3 = 1
7
 x  1   y  1
2 2
Distance between (1, 1) and (x, y), W 
x
Since (x, y) lies on the curve, then y  e 2

5
  
x 2
 x  1  e 2  1
2
Thus, W 

 
x 2
 W 2   x  1  e 2  1
2

dW
Differentiating w.r.t. x, 2
dx
x x
 2  x  1  e 2 e 2  1  
dW
dx
1 x
2
x
  x  1  e 2 e 2  1  
When
dW
dx
1 x
2
x
 0,  x  1  e 2 e 2  1  0  

From GC, x = 0.70160785

0.70160785- 0.70160785 0.70160785+
dW
-ve 0 +ve
dx
\ – /
Thus, W is minimum when x = 0.70160785
0.70160785
When x = 0.70160785, y  e 2
 1.4202
The point is (0.702, 1.420) [to 3 d.p.]
8 dx
 kx(1000  x )
dt
1
 x(1000  x) dx   kdt
1 1
Method 1(Partial Fraction):  + dx  kt  C
1000 x 1000(1000  x )
1
[ln x  ln(1000  x)]  kt  C
1000
1  x 
ln    kt  C
1000  1000  x 
1
Method 2(Complete the sq.):  dx  kt  C
(500)  ( x  500) 2
2

1  x 
ln    kt  C
1000  1000  x 
x
 Ae1000 kt
1000  x
x  A(1000  x)e1000 kt

6
 1
When t = 0, x = 1, A 
999
1  2997 
When t = 5, x = 120, k  ln  
5000  22 
When x = 500, 999  e1000 kt
ln 999
t  7.03 days = 168 hrs 39 mins
1000k
Assumption: No one leaves and enters the community; birth rate = death rate.
9 1
Let Pn be the statement: un  1  for n   .
n!
To prove that P1 is true:
When n = 1, LHS = u1 = 0
1
RHS = 1– = 0 = LHS
1!
 P1 is true.
1
Assume that Pk is true for some k   , i.e. uk  1  .
k!
1
To prove that Pk+1 is true, i.e. to prove uk 1  1 
(k  1)!
k u
When n = k + 1, LHS = u k 1   k
1 k 1 k
1  1
=  k 1 
1 k  k !
1  (k  1)k ! 1 
=
1  k  k! 
( k  1)! 1 1
=  1 = RHS
(k  1)! (k  1)!
Thus, Pk is true  Pk+1 is true
Since P1 is true and Pk is true  Pk+1 is true, by the Principle of Mathematical Induction, the
statement is true for all n   .
1
 1  (1  )

1  ur
r 1 2
r

r 1 2r
r !


1
 r
r 1 2 r !

 e1/ 2  1
10 n

u
r 1
r  12 (22 )  0

22 (32 )  12 (22 )

32 (42 )  22 (32 )
...
 n 2 (n  1) 2  (n  1) 2 n 2

7
 =  n( n  1) 2
10i Now, u r  r 2 (r  1) 2  (r  1) 2 r 2
= r 2 (r  1  r  1)[ r  1  ( r  1)]  r 2 (2r )(2)  4r 3
n n
Thus,  u r  4 r   n(n  1)
3 2

r 1 r 1
2
 n(n  1) 
n
 r3  
r 1  2 
10ii Method 1:
n n

 (r  1) 3   (r 3  3r 2  3r  1)
r 1 r 1
n 1 n n n

r
r 1
3
= r
r 1
3
 3 r  3 r  n
r 1
2

r 1
2 2
n
 n(n  1)   (n  1)n  3n
3 r   2
  (n  1)  n
r 1  2   2  2
3n
 n3  (n  1)  n
2
n n
= (2n 2  3n  1)  (n  1)(2n  1)
2 2
n
1
r
r 1 6
2

n(n  1)(2n  1)

Method 2:
n n

 (r  1) 3   (r 3  3r 2  3r  1)
r 1 r 1
n n n n
= r
r 1
3
 3 r 2  3 r  1
r 1 r 1 r 1
n n n
3 r 2   [r 3  (r  1) 3 ]  3 r  n
r 1 r 1 r 1
3 3
= [1 – 0
+ 23 – 13
:
3n
+ n3 – (n – 1)3 ] + (n  1)  n
2
3n
 n3  (n  1)  n
2
n n
= (2n 2  3n  1)  (n  1)(2n  1)
2 2
n
1
r
r 1 6
2

n(n  1)(2n  1)

Method 3:
n n

 (r  1)
r 1
3
  ( r 3  3r 2  3r  1)
r 1

8
 n n n n
(  r 3 )  n3 = r 3
 3 r 2  3 r  n
r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1
n
3n
3 r 2  n3  ( n  1)  n
r 1 2
n n
= (2n 2  3n  1)  (n  1)(2n  1)
2 2
n
1
r
r 1
2

6
n(n  1)(2n  1)

11i y=

y=2
(1, ½)
(0, 0)
x = –1
11ii

y = f(– | x | )

y=

(–1, 0) (1, 0)

11iii y = f (x)

y=1
–1
1

12 y  x tan 1 x
dy x
 tan 1 x 
dx 1  x2

 1  x 2  ddyx   1  x 2  tan 1 x  x
dy d2 y
2 x   1  x 2  2  2 x tan 1 x  1  1
dx dx
2

 1  x 2  ddxy2  2 x ddyx  2 y  2  0

9
 3 2 2

 1  x  ddxy  2 x ddxy  2 x ddxy  2 ddyx  2 ddxy  0

2
3 2 2

3 2

 1  x  ddxy  4 x ddxy  0
2
3 2

d4 y d3 y d2 y
 1  x2 
dx 4
 6 x
dx 3
 4
dx 2
0
When x = 0, y = 0
dy
0
dx
d2 y
2
dx 2
d3 y
0
dx 3
d4 y
 8
dx 4
Maclaurin’s Series for y is y  x 2 
2  8 x 4  ...  x 2  1 x 4  ...
2! 4! 3
Method 1:
x  tan 1 x x 2  x tan 1 x
lim  lim
x 0 x3 x 0 x4
 1 
x 2   x 2  x 4  ... 
 lim  3 
4
x 0 x
1
 lim  ...
x 0 3

1

3
Method 2:
 1 
1 x   x  x 3  ... 
x  tan x  3 
lim 3
 lim 3
x 0 x x 0 x
1 1
 lim  ... 
x 0 3 3
13i du
u  2x  1  2
dx
u 1 1
 x 2 x  1 dx   2 u 2 du
1 3 1
  u 2  u 2 du
4
5 3
1u 2 1u 2
  C
4 52 4 32
1 5 1 3
 (2 x  1) 2  (2 x  1) 2  C
10 6

10
13ii 1 1
Let x 2 x  1  . From GC, x =
2 2
y
y  x 2x  1

x
1
2

Area of R
1 1 1/2
   x 2 x  1 dx
2 2 0

1/2
2   2 x  1 5 2  2 x  1 3 2 
   
4  10 6 
 0
2 2 2 2 1 1 
    (  )
4  5 3 10 6 
11 2 1 1
   (11 2  4) units 2
60 15 60
13iii  1  1
2
1
Volume of solid     2    x  2 x  1 dx
2 2

 2   0

1/2
  x 4 x3 
    
4  2 3 0
17
 = 0.556 units3
96
14 f(x) = 3 – 2x – x2
= 4 – (x + 1)2 (1, 4)
For f 1 to exist, f must be one–one.
 k = 1
To find f 1 : 3 1
Let y = 4 – (x + 1)2
 x  1  4  y
Since x  1, x  1  4  y
Thus, f 1 : x   1  4  x , x  (, 4]
14i Range of f = (, 4], domain of g = [0, 4]
Since range of f / domain of g, gf does not exist.
14ii Maximal range of h for gh to exist is [0, 4],
therefore maximal domain of h is [3, 1]
gh(x) = e 44 ( x 1) = e ( x 1) = e| x 1| = e  x 1 since x  [ –3, –1]
2 2

 gh : x  e  x 1 , x  [3, 1]
Range of gh = [1, e2] = [1, 7.39]
14iii Dg 1g ( x 1) = [ -1, 3] and Dgg 1 ( x 1) = [0, e2 –1]

11
Hence set of values of x = [0, 3]

12