PASCUA, JOSHUA MATTHEW S.

M2 SEU #1

Perspective, Grd Flr Plan, 2nd Flr Plan, 3rd Flr Plan, and Roof Deck Plan depict
one building structure

1. Provide the Structural Framing Plans

2. Design the Slab
3. Design the Beam
4. Provide the Cost of Reinforcement and Concrete needed per cubic meter
STRUCTURAL FRAMING PLAN
LONGITUDINAL FRAME
FROM LONGITUDINAL FRAME ANALYSIS
Given
Unit Weight of Concrete = 23.54 KN/m3
Unit Weight of Masonry = 19.20 KN/m3
Live Load = 4.80 KN/m3

Assumed Dimensions
Beams = 200mm x 300mm
Columns = 200mm x 300mm
Roof Slab = 100 mm thick
Slabs = 120 mm - thick
Partitions wall - CHB = 150 mm thick

DEAD LOADS
Roof Deck
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 200𝑚𝑚 𝑥 300𝑚𝑚)/1000000 = 1.41𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 200𝑚𝑚 𝑥 300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 6)/(1000000 𝑥 10.59)
= 0.80𝐾𝑁/𝑚𝑆𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑠 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 100𝑚𝑚 𝑥 2.5)/1000
= 5.89𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 150𝑚𝑚 𝑥 1)/1000 = 3.53𝐾𝑁/𝑚
10% 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 (𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙, 𝑒𝑡𝑐) = (0.1)(1.41 + 0.80 + 5.89 + 3.53)
= 1.16𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝑅𝐷 = 1.41𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 0.80𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 5.89𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 3.53𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 1.16𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑇 = 12.79 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
Second and Third Floor
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 200𝑚𝑚 𝑥 300𝑚𝑚)/1000000 = 1.41𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 200𝑚𝑚 𝑥 300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 4 𝑥 3)/1000000 𝑥 10.59
= 1.60𝐾𝑁/𝑚𝑆𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑠 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 120𝑚𝑚 𝑥 2.5)/1000
= 7.06𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 = (23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 𝑥 150𝑚𝑚 𝑥 2.7)/1000 = 9.53𝐾𝑁/𝑚
10% 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 (𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙, 𝑒𝑡𝑐) = (0.1)(1.41 + 1.60 + 7.06 + 9.53)
= 1.96𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝑅𝐷 = 1.41𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 1.60𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 7.06𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 9.53𝐾𝑁/𝑚 + 1.96𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑇 = 21.57 𝐾𝑁/𝑚

LIVE LOADS
For all levels
𝑊𝑇 = 4.8(2.5) = 12.00𝐾𝑁/𝑚
For roof level
𝑊𝑇 = 2.5(2.45) = 6.13𝐾𝑁/𝑚
DESIGN OF SLABS: 2nd AND 3rd FLOOR LEVELS
Design Data
Thickness of slab = 120 mm
Concrete strength, f’c = 21 MPa
Rebars Yield Strength, fy = 414 MPa
Service Live Load, LL = 4.80 KPa
Dead Load, DL = 2.8248 KPa
La = 4.50 m
Lb = 4.00 m
Factored Loads
𝑊𝑈 = 1.2𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝐿𝐿 = 1.2(2.8248) + 1.6(4.80) = 11.06976 𝐾𝑃𝑎
Consider 1.0 m strip
𝑚 = 𝐿𝑎 /𝐿𝑏 (if m>0.50, analyze as two way slab)
𝑚 = 4.50/4.00
𝑚 = 1.25 > 0.50 2 way slab

𝑃
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 = (If min/ thk < 120mm, OK!)
180
(2(4.50𝑚)+2(4.00))(1000)
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 = = 94.44𝑚𝑚
180
94.44𝑚𝑚 < 120𝑚𝑚 adequate

Middle Strip for Both Direction

a. Continuous Edge
ca = 0.0655
𝑀𝑁𝐸𝐺 = 𝐶𝑎 𝑊𝑇 𝐿𝑎 2 = 0.0655(11.06976)(4.50)2 = 14.6826539 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
b. Midspan
+𝑀𝐷𝐿 = 𝐶𝑎 𝑊𝐷𝐿 𝐿𝑎 2 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐶𝑎 = 0.0245
= 0.0245(1.2)(2.8428)(4.50)2 = 1.68174468 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
+𝑀𝐿𝐿 = 𝐶𝑎 𝑊𝐿𝐿 𝐿𝑎 2 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐶𝑎 = 0.0325
= 0.0325(1.6)(4.80)(4.50)2 = 5.0544 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
𝑀𝑃𝑂𝑆 = 𝑀𝐷𝐿 + 𝑀𝐿𝐿 = 1.68174468 + 5.0544
𝑀𝑃𝑂𝑆 = 6.73614468 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
c. Discontinuous Edge
𝑀𝑁𝐸𝐺 = 14.6826529 𝐾𝑁 𝑚

Reinforcements
a. Continuous Edge
Data
MNEG= 14.6826529 KN m
f’c = 21 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90
Base, b = 1000mm
Thickness, t = 120 mm
d = 95 mm
Using 10 mm reinforcing bars
Ab = 78.54 mm2
 Mu=MNEG
𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢 /⌀𝑏𝑑 2 = (14.6826529 𝑥 106 )/(0.90 𝑥 1000 𝑥 952 ) = 1.80765194
2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦(1 − √1 − )
0.85𝑓′𝑐

2(1.80765194)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 21)/414 (1 − √1 − )
0.85(21)
𝑝 = 0.0046131
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙
0.85(0.85)(21)(600)
𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = (0.85 𝑥 𝛽 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐 𝑥 600)/(𝑓𝑦(600 + 𝑓𝑦) =
414(600 + 414)
𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.02168553
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75(0.02168553) = 0.01626415

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.046131

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
= 0.046131(1000𝑚𝑚)95𝑚𝑚 = 438.243812𝑚𝑚2 /1𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝
1000𝐴𝑏 1000(78.54𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 179.215308𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 175 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 438.243812𝑚𝑚2

Check for maximum spacing: Smax>S,OK!

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑡 = 2(120) = 240𝑚𝑚 > 175𝑚𝑚, 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝑢𝑠𝑒 180 𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

Therefore, provide 10 mm ⌀ rebars at 175 mm⌀ on center

 b. Midspan
Data
MPOS = 6.73614468 KN m
f’c = 21 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90
Base, b =1000 mm
t = 120 mm
d = 95 mm
Using 10 mm reinforcing bars
Ab = 78.54 mm2

Mu=MPOS
𝑀𝑢
𝑅𝑛 = = (6.73614468 𝑥 106 )/(0.90 𝑥 1000 𝑥 952 ) = 0.82931914
⌀𝑏𝑑 2
2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 (1 − √1 − )
0.85𝑓′𝑐

2(1.80765194)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 21)/414 (1 − √1 − )
0.85(21)
𝑝 = 0.0046131
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙
0.85𝛽 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑥 600 0.85(0.85)(21)(600)
𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = =
𝑓𝑦(600 + 𝑓𝑦) 414(600 + 414)
𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.0216553
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75(0.02168553) = 0.01626415

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0020520

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
= 0.0020520(1000𝑚𝑚)95𝑚𝑚 = 194.941629𝑚𝑚2 /1𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝
1000𝐴𝑏 1000(78.54 𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 402.88983 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 400 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 194.941629𝑚𝑚2
Check for maximum spacing: Smax>S, OK!
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑡 = 2(120) = 240𝑚𝑚 > 175𝑚𝑚, 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑆 = 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 240𝑚𝑚
Therefore, provide 10 mm⌀rebars at 240mm⌀on center
 c. Discontinuous Edge
Data
MNEG= 2.24538 KN-m
f’c = 21 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90
Base, b = 1000mm
Thickness, t = 120 mm
d = 95 mm
Using 10 mm reinforcing bars
Ab = 78.54 mm2

Mu=MNEG
𝑀𝑢 2.24538 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 0.27643971
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 1000 𝑥 952

0.85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐

0.85 𝑥 21 2(0.27643971)
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
414 0.85(21)
𝑝 = 0.0006730
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018 since 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 > 𝑝, use 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
= 0.0018(1000𝑚𝑚)95𝑚𝑚 = 171 𝑚𝑚2 /1𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝
1000𝐴𝑏 1000(78.54 𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 459.298246 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 450 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 171 𝑚𝑚2

Check for maximum spacing:

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑡 = 2(120) = 240𝑚𝑚 < 𝑠 = 450𝑚𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑆 = 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 240𝑚𝑚

Therefore, provide 10 mm ⌀ rebars at 240mm⌀ on center

DESIGN OF SLABS: ROOF SLAB
Design Data
Thickness of slab = 100 mm
Concrete strength, f’c = 21 MPa
Rebars Yield Strength, fy = 414 MPa
Service Live Load, LL = 4.80 KPa
Dead Load, DL = 2.354 KPa
La = 4.50 m
Lb = 4.00 m
Factored Loads
𝑊𝑈 = 1.2𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝐿𝐿 = 1.2(2.354) + 1.6(4.80) = 11.06976 𝐾𝑃𝑎
Consider 1.0 m strip
𝑚 = 𝐿𝑎 /𝐿𝑏 (if m>0.50, analyze as two way slab)
𝑚 = 4.50/4.00
𝑚 = 1.125 > 0.50 2 way slab

𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃/180(if min/ thk < 120mm, OK!)

𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 = ((2(4.50𝑚) + 2(4.00))(1000))/180 = 94.44𝑚𝑚
94.44𝑚𝑚 < 120𝑚𝑚, adequate!

Middle Strip for Both Direction

a. Continuous Edge
ca = 0.0655
𝑀𝑁𝐸𝐺 = 𝐶𝑎 𝑊𝑇 𝐿𝑎 2 = 0.0655(10.5048)(4.50)2 = 13.9333041 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
b. Midspan
+𝑀𝐷𝐿 = 𝐶𝑎 𝑊𝐷𝐿 𝐿𝑎 2 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐶𝑎 = 0.0245
= 0.0245(1.2)(2.354)(4.50)2 = 1.4014539 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
+𝑀𝐿𝐿 = 𝐶𝑎 𝑊𝐿𝐿 𝐿𝑎 2 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐶𝑎 = 0.0325
= 0.0325(1.6)(4.80)(4.50)2 = 5.0544 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
𝑀𝑃𝑂𝑆 = 𝑀𝐷𝐿 + 𝑀𝐿𝐿 = 1.4014539 + 5.0544
𝑀𝑃𝑂𝑆 = 6.4558539 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
c. Discontinuous Edge
𝑀𝑃𝑂𝑆
𝑀𝑁𝐸𝐺 = = 2.1519513 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
3

Reinforcements
a. Continuous Edge
Data
MNEG = 13.9333041 KN m
f’c = 21 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90
Base, b = 1000mm
Thickness, t = 100 mm
d = 75 mm
Using 10 mm reinforcing bars
Ab = 78.54 mm2
 Mu=MNEG
𝑀u 13.9333041 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 2.7522576
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 1000 𝑥 75
0.85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐

0.85 𝑥 21 2(2.7522576)
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
414 0.85(21)
𝑝 = 0.0072590
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙
0.85 𝑥 𝛽 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑥 600 0.85(0.85)(21)(600)
𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = =
𝑓𝑦(600 + 𝑓𝑦) 414(600 + 414)
𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.02168553
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75(0.02168553) = 0.01626415

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0072590

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
= 0.0072590(1000𝑚𝑚)75𝑚𝑚 = 544.42751 𝑚𝑚2 /1𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝
1000𝐴𝑏 1000(78.54𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 144.26163𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 140 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 544.42751 𝑚𝑚2
Check for maximum spacing: Smax>S, OK!
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑡 = 2(100) = 200𝑚𝑚 > 140𝑚𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 140 𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

Therefore, provide 10 mm rebars at 140 mm on center.

 b. Midspan
Data
MPOS= 6.4558539 KN m
f’c = 21 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90
Base, b =1000 mm
t = 100 mm
d = 75 mm
Using 10 mm reinforcing bars
Ab = 78.54 mm2

Mu=MPOS
6.4558539 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢 /⌀𝑏𝑑 2 = = 1.2752304
0.90 𝑥 1000 𝑥 752
0.85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐

0.85 𝑥 21 2(1.2752304)
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
414 0.85(21)
𝑝 = 0.0031989
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.01626415

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0031989

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
= 0.0031989(1000𝑚𝑚)75𝑚𝑚 = 239.920305𝑚𝑚2 /1𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝
1000𝐴𝑏 1000(78.54 𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 327.358704 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 300 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 239.920305 𝑚𝑚2

Check for maximum spacing:

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑡 = 2(100) = 200𝑚𝑚 < 𝑠 = 300𝑚𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑆 = 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 200𝑚𝑚

Therefore, provide 10 mm ⌀rebars at 200mm⌀ on center

 c. Discontinuous Edge
Data
MNEG= 2.1519513 KN-m
f’c = 21 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90
Base, b = 1000mm
Thickness, t = 100 mm
d = 75 mm
Using 10 mm reinforcing bars
Ab = 78.54 mm2

Mu=𝑀𝑁𝐸𝐺
𝑀𝑢 2.1519513 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 0.4250768
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 1000 𝑥 97
0.85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐

0.85 𝑥 21 2(0.4250768)
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
414 0.85(21)
𝑝 = 0.0010393
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018

since 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 > 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 , use 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
= 0.0018(1000𝑚𝑚)75𝑚𝑚 = 135 𝑚𝑚2 /1𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝
1000𝐴𝑏 1000(78.54 𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 581.778 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 550 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 135 𝑚𝑚2

Check for maximum spacing:

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑡 = 2(100) = 200𝑚𝑚 < 𝑠 = 550 𝑚𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑆 = 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 200𝑚𝑚

Therefore, provide 10 mm ⌀ rebars at 200mm on center

DESIGN OF BEAMS: 2ND FLOOR LEVEL
Design Data:
Concrete strength, f’c = 20.6 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90

Dimensions:
b = 200 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 240 mm
d’ = 60 mm

Reinforcements:
Longitudinal = 16 mm ⌀
Transverse = 10 mm ⌀

Flexural Design
a. At support:
Mu = 67 KN - m
Vu = 94 KN

67 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢 /⌀𝑏𝑑 2 = = 6.462191
0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2402
0.85 𝑥 𝑓′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(6.462191)
𝑝= [1 − √1 − ) ] = [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)

𝑝 = 0.0206505
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.003382
𝑓𝑦
0.85𝛽 𝑓′𝑐 600
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.75 [ ] = 0.75 (0.021272) = 0.015954
𝑓𝑦 (600 + 𝑓𝑦)

Since 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 >𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , design as Doubly Reinforced Beam

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑑 = 0.015954(200)(240) = 765.809 𝑚𝑚2

𝑎
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠(𝑑 − ), 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦
2
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠 765.809 𝑥 414
𝑎= = = 90.53254 𝑚𝑚
0.85𝑓′𝑐𝑏 0.85 𝑥 20.6 𝑥 200
𝑎 90.53254
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠(𝑑 − ) = 765.809(414)(240 − ) = 61.74 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
2 2
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝑀𝑢 − 𝑀𝑛1 = 67 − 61.74 = 5.261 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝐴𝑠′𝑓𝑠′(𝑑 − 𝑑′), 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠′ = 𝑓𝑦

𝑀𝑛2 5.261 𝑥 106

𝐴𝑠′ = = = 70.594 𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑠′ [𝑑−𝑑′] 414 [240−60]
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠𝑎 + 𝐴𝑠′ = 765.809 + 70.594 = 863.403 𝑚𝑚2
Check whether compression steel yield:
𝐴𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓′𝑐𝑎𝑏
𝑎 90.533 𝑚𝑚
𝑎 = 𝛽𝑐 = 𝑐 = = = 106.509𝑚𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐−𝑑′ 106.509 − 60
Ɛ𝑠 ′ = 0.003 = 0.003 = 0.0013100
𝑐 106.509
Ɛ𝑦 = 0.0020700 > Ɛ𝑠′ , 𝑓𝑠′ ≠ 𝑓𝑦
𝑐−𝑑′ 106.509 − 60
𝑓𝑠′ = 600 = 600 = 262 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑐 106.509

Therefore, compression steel ≠ yield

Check whether tension steel yield:

[ℎ − 𝑐 − 𝑑′] 0.002 [ 300 −106.509 − 60]
Ɛ𝑠 = 0.002 = =
𝑐 106.509
Ɛ𝑠 = 0.0025067 > Ɛ𝑦 = 0.0020700

Therefore, fs = fy tension steel yields!

For tension bars:

𝐴𝑠 𝜋(16)²
No. of Rebars = , Ab = = 201.0619 mm²
𝐴𝑏 4
836.403 𝑚𝑚²
= = 4.15993 say 5 pcs
201.0619 𝑚𝑚²

For compression bars:

𝐴𝑠′𝑟𝑒𝑣 𝐴𝑠′𝑓𝑦
No. of Rebars = , As’rev = = 111.549 mm²
𝐴𝑏 𝑓𝑠′
111.549
= = 0.5548 say 2 pcs
201.0619

USE : 5 pcs - 16 mm ⌀ tops bars and

2 pcs - 16 mm ⌀ bot bars at support

b. At Midspan
Mu = 40 KN - m
Vu = 94 KN - m

𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢 /⌀𝑏𝑑 2 = (40 𝑥 106 )/(0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 240 2) = 3.858025

2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(3.858025)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 [1 − √1 − ) ] = [ 1 − √1 − ]
0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)

𝑝 = 0.0106630
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.0033816, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.0159544
𝑓𝑦
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 , 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0106630

𝐴𝑠
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = (0.106630)(200)(240) =
𝐴𝑏
511.8263 𝑚𝑚2
𝜋(16)2
𝐴𝑏 = = 201.06 𝑚𝑚2
4
 𝐴𝑠 511.8263
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = = = 2.54562, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 3 𝑝𝑐𝑠
𝐴𝑏 201.06

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 3 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 16 𝑚𝑚 ⌀ 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 16 𝑚𝑚 ⌀ 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑚𝑖𝑑 −
𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛

Shear Design: ⌀=0.85

Vu = 94 KN
𝑉𝑐 = 𝑏𝑑√ 𝑓′𝑐 / 6 = (200)(240)√ 20.6 / 6(1000) = 36.30978
⌀𝑉𝑐 = (0.85)(36.30978) = 30.86331

Since Vu > ⌀Vc, provide web reinforcements

𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑑 2𝐴𝑏𝑓𝑦𝑑 2(201.06)(414)(240)
𝑆= = 𝑉𝑢 = 94 = 210.1211, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 210 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑠 −𝑉𝑐 −36.30978
⌀ 0.85

Check for maximum spacing of stirrups:

1. Smax = 600 mm
𝑑
2. Smax = = 120 mm
2
3𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦 3(157.08)(414)
3. Smax = = = 975.4668 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 200

Use S = Smax = 120 mm

Provide Spacing of Stirrups as follows:

1 @ 50 mm
2 @ 100 mm
Rest @ 120 mm
DESIGN OF BEAMS 3RD FLOOR LEVEL
Design Data:
Concrete strength, f’c = 20.6 MPa
Fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90

Dimensions:
b = 200 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 240 mm
d’ = 60 mm

Reinforcements:
Longitudinal = 16 mm ⌀
Transverse = 10 mm ⌀

Flexural Design
a. At support:
Mu = 67 KN-m
Vu = 98 KN

𝑀𝑢 67 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 6.462191
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2402

0.85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐

0.85 𝑥 21 2(6.462191)
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
414 0.85(20.6)
𝑝 = 0.0206505
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.0033382
𝑓𝑦
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.015954

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚

𝐴𝑠𝑎 = 𝑝 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑑 = 0.015954(200)(240) = 765.809 𝑚𝑚2

𝑎
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠(𝑑 − ), 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦
2
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠
765.809 𝑥 414
𝑎 = = = 90.53254 𝑚𝑚
0.85𝑓′𝑐𝑏
0.85 𝑥 20.6 𝑥 200
90.53254 1
𝑀𝑛1 = 765.809(414)(240 − )( 6 ) = 61.74 𝐾𝑁 −𝑚
2 10
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝑀𝑢 − 𝑀𝑛1 = 67 − 61.74 = 5.261 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝐴𝑠′𝑓𝑠′(𝑑 − 𝑑′)
𝑀𝑛2
𝐴𝑠′ = , 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠′ = 𝑓𝑦
𝑓𝑠′(𝑑−𝑑′)
5.261(106)
𝐴𝑠′ = = 70.594 𝑚𝑚2
414(240−60)
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠𝑎 + 𝐴𝑠′ = 765.809 + 70.594 = 836.403 𝑚𝑚2
Check whether compression steel yield:
𝐴𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓′𝑐𝑎𝑏
𝑎 90.533 𝑚𝑚
𝑐= = = 106.509 𝑚𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐−𝑑′ 106.509 − 60
Ɛ𝑠′ = 0.003 = 0.003 = 0.0013100
𝑐 106.509
Ɛ𝑦 = 0.0020700 > Ɛ𝑠′ , 𝑓𝑠′ ≠ 𝑓𝑦
𝑐−𝑑′ 106.509 − 60
𝑓𝑠′ = 600 = 600 = 262 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑐 106.509

Check whether tension steel yield:

ℎ−𝑐−𝑑′ 300−106.509−60
Ɛ𝑠 = 0.002 = 0.002
𝑐 106.509
= 0.0025067 > Ɛ𝑦, OK! fs=fy
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠

Tension Bars:
𝐴𝑠 𝜋(16)2
No. of bars = , 𝐴𝑏 = = 201.0619 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑏 4
𝐴𝑠 836.403
= = 4.15993 ≈ 5 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠
𝐴𝑏 201.0619

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 5 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 − 16 𝑚𝑚 ⌀ 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠

− 16 𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 ⌀ 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡

b. At midspan:
𝑀𝑢 = 40 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 98 𝐾𝑁

𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢 /⌀𝑏𝑑 2 = (44 𝑥 106 )/(0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 240 2) = 3.858025

2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(3.858025)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 [1 − √1 − ) ] = [ 1 − √1 − ]
0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)
𝑝 = 0.0106630
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.003382, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.0159544
𝑓𝑦
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 , 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0106630

𝐴𝑠
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = (0.106630)(200)(240) =
𝐴𝑏
511.8263 𝑚𝑚2
𝜋(16)2
𝐴𝑏 = = 201.06 𝑚𝑚2
4
𝐴𝑠 511.8263
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = = = 2.54562 ≈ 3 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠
𝐴𝑏 201.06

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 3 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 16 𝑚𝑚 ⌀ 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 16 𝑚𝑚 ⌀ 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑚𝑖𝑑 −
𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛
Shear Design:
⌀=0.85
Vu = 98 KN
Vc = 0.85(36.30978) = 30.68331 KN
Since Vu > ⌀Vc, provide web reinforcements
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑑 2𝐴𝑏𝑓𝑦𝑑 2(201.06)(414)(240)
𝑆= = 𝑉𝑢 = 98 = 197.6021 𝑠𝑎𝑦 198 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑠 −𝑉𝑐 −36.30978
⌀ 0.85

Check for maximum spacing of stirrups:

4. Smax = 600 mm
𝑑
5. Smax = = 120 mm
2
3𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦 3(157.08)(414)
6. Smax = = = 975.4668 𝑚𝑚
𝑏 200
Use Smax = 120 mm < S=198 mm
Use S = Smax = 176 mm say 170 mm

Provide Spacing of Stirrups as follows:

1 @ 50 mm
2 @ 100 mm
Rest @ 170 mm
DESIGN OF BEAMS: ROOF FLOOR BEAM - 1
Design Data:
Concrete strength, f’c = 20.6 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90

Dimensions:
b = 200 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 252 mm
L = 4280 mm

Reinforcements:
Longitudinal = 16 mm ⌀
Transverse = 10 mm ⌀

Flexural Design
a. At support:
𝑀𝑢 = 54 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 77 𝐾𝑁

𝑀𝑢 54 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 4.7241119
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2522
2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(4.7241119)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 [1 − √1 − ) ] = [ 1 − √1 − ]
0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)

𝑝 = 0.0135963
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.0033816, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.0159544
𝑓𝑦

since 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , Adequate! (Singly Reinforced Beam)

use 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0135963

𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,

where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.135963(200)(252) = 685.2514 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 685.2514𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 3.408161, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 4 𝑝𝑐𝑠

Therefore, use 4 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 2 pcs - 16 mm⌀ bottom bars at
support.
 b. at midspan:
𝑀𝑢 = 44 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 77 𝐾𝑁

𝑀u 44 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 3.8492763
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2522
2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(3.8492763)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 [1 − √1 − ) ] = [ 1 − √1 − ]
0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)

𝑝 = 0.0106348
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.0033816, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.0159544
𝑓𝑦

since 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , Adequate! (Singly Reinforced Beam)
use 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0106348

𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,

where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.0106348(200)(252) = 535.9942 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 535.9942 𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 2.66582, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 3 𝑝𝑐𝑠

Therefore, use 3 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 3 pcs - 16 mm ⌀ bottom bars at
mid-span

Shear Design: ⌀= 0.85

𝑉𝑢 = 77 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑐 = 𝑏𝑑√ 𝑓′𝑐 / 6 = (200)(252)√ 20.6 / 6(1000) = 38.125267
⌀ of 𝑉𝑐 = 0.85(38.125267) = 32.406477 𝐾𝑁

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑢 > ⌀ 𝑉𝑐 , 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑏 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝑆 = 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / 𝑉𝑠 = 2𝐴𝑏 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / (𝑉𝑠 /⌀) - 𝑉𝑐

= 2(201.06)(414)(252)/((77/0.85) − 38.125267) = 312.36971 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 312 𝑚𝑚

Check for maximum spacing of stirrups:

1. 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 600 𝑚𝑚
2. 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑑/2 = 126 𝑚𝑚 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑠 = 125 𝑚𝑚
3. 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 / 𝑏 = 975.4668 𝑚𝑚
.
Provide spacing of stirrups as follows:
1 @ 50 mm
2 @ 100 mm
rest @ 125 mm
From TRANSVERSE FRAME ANALYSIS
Data:
unit weight of concrete = 23.54 KN/𝑚3
unit weight of masonry = 19.20 KN/𝑚3
live load (LL) = 4.80 KN/𝑚3

Assume Dimensions as:

Beams: 200 mm x 300 mm
Columns: 200 mm x 300 mm
Roof Slabs: 100 mm - thick
Floor Slabs: 120 mm - thick
Partition Wall - CHB: 150 mm - thick

DEAD LOADS:
Roof Level:
23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (200𝑚𝑚)(300𝑚𝑚)
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚𝑠 = = 1.41 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000000
23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (200𝑚𝑚)(300𝑚𝑚)(6)
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠 = = 1.88 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000000(4.5)
23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (100𝑚𝑚)(3.14)
𝑆𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑠 = = 7.39 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000
19.20 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (150𝑚𝑚)(2)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 = = 5.76 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000

10% allowance = 0.1(1.41+1.88+7.39+5.76) = 1.64 KN/m

(For plumbing, electrical, ect.)

𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹𝐿𝑉𝐿 = 1.41 + 1.88 + 7.39 + 5.76 + 1.64 = 18.09 𝐾𝑁/𝑚

2nd and 3rd floor Level:

23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (200𝑚𝑚)(300𝑚𝑚)
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚𝑠 = = 1.41 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000000
23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (200𝑚𝑚)(300𝑚𝑚)(6)
𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠 = = 1.88 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000000(4.5)
23.54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (120𝑚𝑚)(3.14)
𝑆𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑠 = = 8.87 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000
19.20 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 (150𝑚𝑚)(2.7)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 = = 7.78 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
1000

10% allowance = 0.1(1.41+1.88+8.87+7.78) = 1.99 KN/m

(For plumbing, electrical, ect.)

𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 2𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑟𝑑 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝐿𝑉𝐿 = 1.41 + 1.88 + 8.87 + 7.78 + 1.99 = 21.94 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
LIVE LOADS:
For 2nd and 3rd Floor:
𝑊𝑇 = 4.80 𝐾𝑁/𝑚2 (3.14) = 15.07 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
For Roof Level:
𝑊𝑇 = 7.69 KN/m

DESIGN OF BEAMS: ROOF FLOOR LEVEL

Design Data:
Concrete strength, f’c = 20.6 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90

Dimensions:
b = 200 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 240 mm
d’ = 60 mm

Reinforcements:
Longitudinal = 16 mm ⌀
Transverse = 10 mm ⌀

Flexural Design
c. At support:
𝑀𝑢 = 67 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 117 𝐾𝑁

𝑀𝑢 67 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 6.462191
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2402
2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(6.462191)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 [1 − √1 − ) ] = [ 1 − √1 − ]
0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)

𝑝 = 0.0206505
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.003382, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.0159544
𝑓𝑦

since 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , design as Doubly Reinforced Beam

𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑑 = 0.015954(200)(240) = 765.809 𝑚𝑚2

𝑎
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠(𝑑 − ), 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦
2
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠 765.809 𝑥 414
𝑎= = = 90.53254 𝑚𝑚
0.85𝑓′𝑐𝑏 0.85 𝑥 20.6 𝑥 200
𝑎 90.53254
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠(𝑑 − ) = 765.809(414)(240 − ) = 61.74 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
2 2
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝑀𝑢 − 𝑀𝑛1 = 67 − 61.74 = 5.261 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝐴𝑠′𝑓𝑠′(𝑑 − 𝑑′), 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠′ = 𝑓𝑦

𝑀𝑛2 5.261 𝑥 106

𝐴𝑠′ = = = 70.594 𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑠′ [𝑑−𝑑′] 414 [240−60]
 𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠𝑎 + 𝐴𝑠′ = 765.809 + 70.594 = 863.403 𝑚𝑚2

Check whether compression steel yield:

𝑎 90.533 𝑚𝑚
𝑎 = 𝛽𝑐 = 𝑐 = = = 106.509𝑚𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐−𝑑′ 106.509 − 60
Ɛ𝑠′ = 0.003 = 0.003 = 0.0013100
𝑐 106.509
𝑓𝑦
Ɛ𝒚 = = 0.0020700 > Ɛ𝑠′, fs’ ≠ fy
𝐸𝑠
(𝑐−𝑑′) 106.509 − 60
𝑓𝑠′ = 600 = 600 = 262 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑐 106.509

Check whether tension steel yield:

0.002 (ℎ−𝑐−𝑑′) 0.002 (300−106.509−60)
Ɛ𝑠 = = = 0.0025067
𝑐 106.509
Ɛ𝑠>Ɛ𝑦, OK! fs = fy Tension Steel does yield!

Tension bars:
𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,
where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.0206505(200)(240) = 991.224 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 991.224𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 4.9299, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 5 𝑝𝑐𝑠

Therefore, use 5 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 2 pcs - 16 mm⌀ bottom bars at
support.

d. at midspan:
𝑀𝑢 = 77 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 117 𝐾𝑁

𝑀u 77 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 7.426698
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2402
2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(7.426698)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 [1 − √1 − ) ] = [ 1 − √1 − ]
0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)

𝑝 = 0.0258204
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.003382, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.015954
𝑓𝑦

since 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , design as Doubly Reinforced Beam)

use 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.02058204

𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,

where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.02058204(200)(240) = 1239.38 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 1239.38 𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 6.16417, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 7 𝑝𝑐𝑠

Therefore, use 7 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 3 pcs - 16 mm ⌀ bottom bars at
mid-span
Shear Design: ⌀ = 0.85
𝑉𝑢 = 117 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑐 = 𝑏𝑑√ 𝑓′𝑐 / 6 = (200)(240)√ 20.6 / 6 = 36.30978
⌀ of 𝑉𝑐 = 0.85(36.30978) = 30.86331 𝐾𝑁
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑢 > ⌀ 𝑉𝑐 , 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑏 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝑆 = 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / 𝑉𝑠 = 2𝐴𝑏 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / (𝑉𝑠 /⌀) - 𝑉𝑐

= 2(201.06)(414)(240)/((117/0.85) − 36.30978) = 154.0151 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 154 𝑚𝑚

Check for maximum spacing of stirrups (spacings):

𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑑/2 = 120 𝑚𝑚 < 𝑠 = 154 𝑚𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑠 = 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 120

Provide spacing of stirrups as follows:

1 @ 50 mm
2 @ 100 mm
rest @ 120 mm
DESIGN OF BEAMS: 3RD FLOOR LEVEL
Design Data:
Concrete strength, f’c = 20.6 MPa
Fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90

Dimensions:
b = 200 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 240 mm
d’ = 60 mm

Reinforcements:
Longitudinal = 16 mm ⌀
Transverse = 10 mm ⌀

Flexural Design
a. At support:
Mu = 81 KN-m
Vu = 114 KN

𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢 /⌀𝑏𝑑 2 = ( 81 𝑥 106 )/(0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2402 ) = 7.8125

2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 (1 − √1 − )
0.85𝑓′𝑐

2(7.8125)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 21)/414 (1 − √1 − )
0.85(20.6)
𝑝 = 0.0284176
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 1.4/𝑓𝑦 = 0.0033382
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.015954

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚

𝐴𝑠𝑎 = 𝑝 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑑 = 0.015954(200)(240) = 765.809 𝑚𝑚2

𝑎
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠(𝑑 − ), 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦
2
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠 765.809 𝑥 414
𝑎 = = = 90.53254 𝑚𝑚
0.85𝑓′𝑐𝑏 0.85 𝑥 20.6 𝑥 200
90.53254 1
𝑀𝑛1 = 765.809(414)(240 − )( ) = 61.74 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
2 106
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝑀𝑢 − 𝑀𝑛1 = 81 − 61.74 = 19.261 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝐴𝑠′𝑓𝑠′(𝑑 − 𝑑′)
𝑀𝑛2
𝐴𝑠′ = , 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠′ = 𝑓𝑦
𝑓𝑠′(𝑑−𝑑′)
19.261(106)
𝐴𝑠′ = = 258.463 𝑚𝑚2
414(240−60)
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠𝑎 + 𝐴𝑠′ = 765.809 + 258.463 = 1024.272 𝑚𝑚2
Check whether compression steel yield:
𝑎 90.533 𝑚𝑚
𝑎 = 𝛽𝑐 = 𝑐 = = = 106.509𝑚𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐−𝑑′ 106.509 − 60
Ɛ𝑠′ = 0.003 = 0.003 = 0.0013100
𝑐 106.509
𝑓𝑦
Ɛ𝒚 = = 0.0020700 > Ɛ𝑠′, fs’ ≠ fy
𝐸𝑠
(𝑐−𝑑′) 106.509 − 60
𝑓𝑠′ = 600 = 600 = 262 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑐 106.509

Check whether tension steel yield:

0.002 (ℎ−𝑐−𝑑′) 0.002 (300−106.509−60)
Ɛ𝑠 = = = 0.0025067
𝑐 106.509
Ɛ𝑠>Ɛ𝑦, OK! fs = fy Tension Steel does yield!

Tension bars:
𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,
where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.0206505(200)(240) = 991.224 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 991.224𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 4.9299, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 5 𝑝𝑐𝑠

Therefore, use 5 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 2 pcs - 16 mm⌀ bottom bars at
support.

b. at midspan:
𝑀𝑢 = 53 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 114 𝐾𝑁

𝑀𝑢
𝑅𝑛 = = (53 𝑥 106 )/(0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2402 ) = 5.111883
⌀𝑏𝑑 2
0.85 𝑥 𝑓′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(5.111883)
𝑝= [1 − √1 − ) ] = [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)
𝑝 = 0.0150115
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.003382, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.015954
𝑓𝑦

since 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 , Adequate!

use 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0150115

𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,

where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.0150115(200)(240) = 720.5543 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 720.5543 𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 3.58374, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 4 𝑝𝑐𝑠

Therefore, use 4 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 3 pcs - 16 mm ⌀ bottom bars at
mid-span
Shear Design: ⌀ = 0.85
𝑉𝑢 = 114 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑐 = 𝑏𝑑√ 𝑓′𝑐 / 6 = (200)(240)√ 20.6 / 6 = 36.30978
⌀ of 𝑉𝑐 = 0.85(36.30978) = 30.86331 𝐾𝑁
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑢 > ⌀ 𝑉𝑐 , 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑏 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝑆 = 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / 𝑉𝑠 = 2𝐴𝑏 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / (𝑉𝑠 /⌀) - 𝑉𝑐

= 2(201.06)(414)(240)/((114/0.85) − 36.30978) = 159.5727 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 160 𝑚𝑚

Check for maximum spacing of stirrups (spacings):

𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑑/2 = 120 𝑚𝑚 < 𝑠 = 160 𝑚𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑠 = 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 120

Provide spacing of stirrups as follows:

1 @ 50 mm
2 @ 100 mm
rest @ 120 mm
DESIGN OF BEAMS: 2ND FLOOR LEVEL
Design Data:
Concrete strength, f’c = 20.6 MPa
Fy = 414 MPa
⌀ = 0.90

Dimensions:
b = 200 mm
h = 300 mm
d = 240 mm
d’ = 60 mm

Reinforcements:
Longitudinal = 16 mm ⌀
Transverse = 10 mm ⌀

Flexural Design
c. At support:
Mu = 78 KN-m
Vu = 114 KN

𝑀u 78 𝑥 106
𝑅𝑛 = = = 7.523148
⌀𝑏𝑑 2 0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 2402

0.85 𝑥 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓′𝑐

0.85 𝑥 21 2(7.523148)
𝑝= (1 − √1 − )
414 0.85(20.6)
𝑝 = 0.0264298
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 1.4/𝑓𝑦 = 0.0033382
𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75𝑝𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.015954

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 , 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚

𝐴𝑠𝑎 = 𝑝max 𝑏𝑑 = 0.015954(200)(240) = 765.809 𝑚𝑚2

𝑎
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠(𝑑 − ), 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦
2
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠 765.809 𝑥 414
𝑎= = = 90.53254 𝑚𝑚
0.85𝑓′𝑐𝑏 0.85 𝑥 20.6 𝑥 200
90.53254 1
𝑀𝑛1 = 765.809(414)(240 − )( ) = 61.74 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
2 106
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝑀𝑢 − 𝑀𝑛1 = 78 − 61.74 = 16.261 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑛2 = 𝐴𝑠′𝑓𝑠′(𝑑 − 𝑑′)
𝑀𝑛2
𝐴𝑠′ = , 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑠′ = 𝑓𝑦
𝑓𝑠′(𝑑−𝑑′)
16.261(106)
𝐴𝑠′ = = 218.205 𝑚𝑚2
414(240−60)
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠𝑎 + 𝐴𝑠′ = 765.809 + 218.205 = 984.014 𝑚𝑚2
Check whether compression steel yield:
𝑎 90.533 𝑚𝑚
𝑎 = 𝛽𝑐 = 𝑐 = = = 106.509𝑚𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐−𝑑′ 106.509 − 60
Ɛ𝑠′ = 0.003 = 0.003 = 0.0013100
𝑐 106.509
𝑓𝑦
Ɛ𝒚 = = 0.0020700 > Ɛ𝑠′, fs’ ≠ fy
𝐸𝑠
(𝑐−𝑑′) 106.509 − 60
𝑓𝑠′ = 600 = 600 = 262 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑐 106.509

Check whether tension steel yield:

0.002 (ℎ−𝑐−𝑑′) 0.002 (300−106.509−60)
Ɛ𝑠 = = = 0.0025067
𝑐 106.509
Ɛ𝑠>Ɛ𝑦, OK! fs = fy Tension Steel does yield!

Tension bars:
𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,
where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.0264298(200)(240) = 984.014 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 984.014𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 4.89409, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 5 𝑝𝑐𝑠

Compression bars:
𝐴𝑠′𝑟𝑒𝑣 𝐴𝑠′𝑓𝑦
𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠= , As’rev =
𝐴𝑏 𝑓𝑠′
344.7975
= = 1.71488, say 2 pcs
201.0619

Therefore, use 5 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 2 pcs - 16 mm⌀ bottom bars at
support.

d. at midspan:
𝑀𝑢 = 53 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 114 𝐾𝑁

𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢 /⌀𝑏𝑑 2 = (53 𝑥 106 )/(0.90 𝑥 200 𝑥 240 2) = 5.111883

2𝑅𝑛 0.85(20.6) 2(5.111883)
𝑝 = (0.85 𝑥 𝑓′𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 [1 − √1 − ) ] = [ 1 − √1 − ]
0.85𝑓′𝑐 414 0.85(414)
𝑝 = 0.0150115
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 0.003382, 𝑝𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.015954
𝑓𝑦

since 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 , Adequate!

use 𝑝 = 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 0.0150115

𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 /𝐴𝑏 ,

where 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑 = 0.0150115(200)(240) = 720.5543 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐴𝑏 = 𝜋(16)2 /4 =
201.0619𝑚𝑚2
= 720.5543 𝑚𝑚2 /201.0619𝑚𝑚2 = 3.58374, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 4 𝑝𝑐𝑠
Therefore, use 4 pcs - 16mm ⌀ top bars and 3 pcs - 16 mm ⌀ bottom bars at
mid-span

Shear Design: ⌀ = 0.85

𝑉𝑢 = 114 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑉𝑐 = 𝑏𝑑√ 𝑓′𝑐 / 6 = (200)(240)√ 20.6 / 6 = 36.30978
⌀ of 𝑉𝑐 = 0.85(36.30978) = 30.86331 𝐾𝑁
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑢 > ⌀ 𝑉𝑐 , 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑏 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝑆 = 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / 𝑉𝑠 = 2𝐴𝑏 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 / (𝑉𝑠 /⌀) - 𝑉𝑐

= 2(201.06)(414)(240)/((114/0.85) − 36.30978) = 159.5727 𝑚𝑚, 𝑠𝑎𝑦 160 𝑚𝑚

Check for maximum spacing of stirrups (spacings):

𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑑/2 = 120 𝑚𝑚 < 𝑠 = 160 𝑚𝑚
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑠 = 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 120

Provide spacing of stirrups as follows:

1 @ 50 mm
2 @ 100 mm
rest @ 120 mm