Open Source, Real-Time

Temperature Monitoring & Control using

Scilab & Arduino

A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by

Mr. AVINASH SHETTY

Miss. FARHEEN ANSARI
Mr. MOIZ FADNIS
Mr. SHOEB QURAISHI

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree B.E EXTC

Under The Guidance Of

Mrs. CHAYA S

At

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING
ANJUMAN-I-ISLAM‘S KALSEKAR TECHNICAL CAMPUS
PANVEL
MAY2016
1
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project entitled “Open Source Real-Time

Temperature Monitoring & Control using Scilab & Arduino” submitted for the
B.E Degree is our original work and the project has not formed the basis for
the award of any degree, associate ship, fellowship or any other similar titles.

Signature of the Students:

Mr. Avinash Shetty ____________________

Miss. FarheenAnsari ____________________

Mr. Moiz Fadnis ____________________

Mr. Shoeb Quraishi ____________________

Place:

Date:

2
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “Open Source, Real-Time

Temperature Monitoring & Control using Scilab & Arduino” is the
bonafide work carried out by the above mentioned students of B.E,
KALSEKAR Technical Campus, Panvel, during the year 2015-2016, in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of B.E EXTC and
that the project has not formed the basis for the award previously of any degree,
diploma, associate ship, fellowship or any other similar title.

(Prof.Mujib Tamboli) (Prof. Chaya S )

H.O.D Asst.Prof.

(External)

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The completion of any project brings with it a sense of satisfaction,

but it is never complete without thanking those people who made it possible
and whose constant support has crowned our efforts with success. One
cannot even imagine the power of the force that guides us all and neither can
we succeed without acknowledging it. Our deepest gratitude to Almighty
God for holding our hands and guiding us throughout our lives.
We owe a deep sense of gratitude to our project guide Mrs. Chaya S,
Dept. Electronics Engineering for her expert guidance, encouragement,
valuable suggestions at every step and for stimulating our interest in the
subject. Her involvement right from conceptualization of the study through
its execution and meticulous perusal of the manuscript ensured its timely
completion.
We would also like to express our gratitude and thank Mr. Mujib
Tamboli (Head of the Department), Electronics Engineering for encouraging
and inspiring us to carry out the project in the department lab and for his
thought provoking comments, valuable suggestions constant motivation,
encouragement and support.
We are extremely happy to acknowledge and express our sincere
gratitude and heartfelt thanks to our parents and family members for their
constant support and encouragement and last but not the least, to our friends
and well-wishers for their help and cooperation and solutions to problems
during the course of the project.
Also our friends at Engineers Academy who provided solutions at
times when we were against the wall in need of help.

4
 ABSTRACT

Our project is a working model which incorporates temperature

sensors to measure temperature. “Temperature Monitoring System”, is a
system that can be used in an industrial like factory or inside the main
distribution frame room for industries. Here we are using two open source
platforms Arduino and Scilab for temperature monitoring. The Arduino and
Scilab communicated with the help of serial port connection “USB-UART”.
The main issues in a temperature monitoring system are how the system
communicates with the user, if the temperature is beyond the stable
temperature defined by the user. It is a system that is applied to detect
temperature and display the value of temperature on the monitor, as well as
it will be displayed on the LDC screen. The graph of the temperature
variation with respect to time will be displayed on the monitor, which will
give the value of temperature every second. While the monitoring system
uses a computer system to monitoring the temperature data.

5
 Table of Contents

Title
Page………………………….……………1
Declaration……………………….…….….2
Certificate……………...................................3
Acknowledgement....……………………...4
Abstract…………………………………....6

1. INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8
i. BLOCK DIAGRAM ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------9
ii. SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT -----------------------------------------------------------------10
i. ARDUINO --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
ii. SCILAB ARDUINO TOOLBOX ----------------------------------------------------------------14

2. GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI) ---------------------------------------------------------------------16

i. SCILAB AS A SUBSTITUTE OF MATLAB ---------------------------------------------------18
ii. ARDUINO & SCILAB FIRMWARE ------------------------------------------------------------20

3. DEVELOPING FRONT-END USING GUI -------------------------------------------------------------------21

4. HARDWARE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23

i. LM35-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24

ii. LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)-----------------------------------------------------------------27

iii. POTENTIOMETER----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------31

5. WORKING -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32

6. APPLICATION, CONCLUSION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------36

 APPENDIX

i. FUTURE SCOPE-------------------------------------------------------------------------38

ii. REFERENCE------------------------------------------------------------------------------39

6
 List of Figures
Fig 1.1: Proposed block diagram --------------------------------------------------------------------------9
Fig 1.2: Arduino UNO board-------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
Fig 1.3: GUI sample---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16
Fig 1.4: Radio buttons in MATLAB--------------------------------------------------------------------18
Fig 1.5: Check box in scilab--------------------------------------------------------------------------------19
Fig 1.6: Front-End for monitoring & control purpose-----------------------------------------21
Fig 1.7: LM35------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24
Fig 1.8: LCD display---------------------------------------------------------------------27
Fig 1.9: LCD module interface---------------------------------------------------------30
Fig 2.0: potentiometer-------------------------------------------------------------------31
Fig 2.1: GUI front-end-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32
Fig 2.2: Graph on monitor ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------33
Fig 2.3: Pin connection for LCD with arduino----------------------------------------------------34
Fig 2.4: Message displayed on LCD---------------------------------------------------35

LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1: Arduino Uno hardware specifications------------------------------------13
Table 2.2: Pin description of LM35----------------------------------------------------25

7
 CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION

Monitoring & Controlling temperature has been a prime objective in

various applications including refrigerators, air conditioners, air coolers,
heaters, industrial temperature conditioning and so on. Temperature
controllers vary in their complexities and algorithms. Some of these use
simple monitoring and control techniques like simple on-off control while
others use complex Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) or fuzzy logic
algorithms.
Our project is a working model which incorporates temperature
sensors to measure temperature. “Temperature Monitoring & Control
System”, is a system that can be used in an industrial like factory or inside
the main distribution frame room for industries. Here we are using two open
source platforms Arduino and Scilab for temperature monitoring. The
Arduino and Scilab communicated with the help of serial port connection
“USB-UART”
The main issues in a temperature monitoring system are how the
system communicates with the user, if the temperature is beyond the stable
temperature defined by the user. It is a system that is applied to detect
temperature and display the value of temperature on the monitor, as well as
it will be displayed on the LDC screen. The graph of the temperature
variation with respect to time will be displayed on the monitor, which will
give the value of temperature every second. While the monitoring system
uses a computer system to monitoring the temperature data.

8
 i- BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig 1.1: Proposed block diagram

9
 ii- Software Environment

Scilab:

Scilab is an open source cross platform numerical computational

package and a high level, numerically oriented programming language. It
can be used for signal processing, statistical analysis, image enhancement,
fluid dynamic simulations, numerical optimization, modeling, simulation of
explicit and implicit dynamical systems and symbolic manipulations (if the
corresponding toolbox is installed).
Scilab is one of the two major open-source alternatives to MATLAB.
Scilab is similar enough to MATLAB that some book authors argue that it is
easy to transfer skills between the two systems. Scilab how ever puts less
emphasis on syntactic compatibility with MATLAB than octave does.
Scilab is a high-level, numerically oriented programming language.
The language provides an interpreted environment, with matrices as the
main data type. By using matrix based computation, dynamic typing, and
automatic memory management, many numerical problems may be
expressed in a reduced number of code lines, as compared to similar
solutions using traditional languages, such as Fortan, C, C++.This allows
users to rapidly construct models for a range of mathematical problems.
While the language provides a library of high-level operations such as
correlation and complex multidimensional arithmetic.
The software can be used for signal processing, statistical analysis,
image enhancement, fluid dynamics simulations, and numerical
optimization.

10
 As the syntax of scilab is similar to MATLAB, scilab includes a
source code translator for assisting the conversion of code from MATLAB to
scilab. Scilab is available free of cost under an open source license. Due to
the open source nature of the software, some user contributions have been
integrated into the main program.

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 iii-ARDUINO

Fig. 1.2: Arduino UNO board

Arduino is an open source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use

hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs – light on a
sensor and turn it into an output – activating a motor, turning on a LED,
publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending
a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board.
The Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14
digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog
inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP
header and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power
it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

12
ARDUINO UNO SPECIFICATIONS:

parameter value
Microcontroller 2
Operating voltage 5V
Input voltage(recommended) 7-12V
Digital I/O pins 14(of which 6 provide PWM o/p)
Analog I/O pins 6
DC current per I/O pin 40mA
DC current for 3.3V pin 50mA
Flash memory 32 KB (ATmega328)
SRAM 2KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1KB (ATmega328)
Clock speed 16 Mhz
Length 68.6mm
Width 53.4mm
Weight 25g

Table 2.1: Arduino Uno hardware specifications

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 iv- SCILAB ARDUINO TOOLBOX

Scilab and arduino cannot be connected with each other by default.

This connection is possible only with the help of scilab arduino toolbox. We
have different toolboxes for different operating systems. We are using scilab
arduino toolbox according to our need. This tool box helps in serial
communication of scilab and arduino. We can make scilab arduino toolbox
by normal scilab coding also, but scilab coding for toolbox is really bulky
and time taking process. For the same purpose we have GUI buider.
Here is the code for GUI builder which will be helpful in building of
scilab arduino toolbox.

14
15
 CHAPTER-2

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)

In computer science, a graphical user interface or GUI is a type of

interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through
graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, as opposed
to text-based interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.

Fig. 1.3: GUI sample

Typically, the user interacts with information by manipulating
visual widgets that allow for interactions appropriate to the kind of data they
hold. The widgets of a well-designed interface are selected to support the
actions necessary to achieve the goals of the user.
16
A model-view-controller allows for a flexible structure in which the interface is
independent from and indirectly linked to application functionality, so the
GUI can be easily customized. This allows the user to select or design a
different skin at will, and eases the designer's work to change the interface as
the user needs evolve. Good user interface design relates to the user, not the
system architecture.

A GUI may be designed for the requirements of a vertical market as

application-specific graphical user interfaces. Examples of application-
specific GUIs include automated teller machines (ATM), point-of-sale
touchscreens at restaurants, self-service checkouts used in a retail store, airline
self-ticketing and check-in, information kiosks in a public space, like a train
station or a museum, and monitors or control screens in an embedded
industrial application which employ a real time operating system (RTOS).

In our project we used GUI Builder which is a Graphic User Interface

Builder under Scilab. The program allowed us to build our GUI quickly, and
the code for the GUI was generated automatically. We are using scilab 5.5,
which includes the features like:
1. Ask confirmation before create a new GUI or open an existing one
2. Possibility to move by 4 buttons a group of buttons.

17
 i. SCILAB AS A SUBSTITUTE OF MATLAB

In MATLAB, the user can click the run button, or a slider control
multiple times. This calls multiple instances of the function, with bizarre
results. In a couple cases enough functions are called to crash MATLAB.

Also, if user presses any one button or selects any option, then user is
restricted to that option only. User cannot press other radio button
simultaneously.

Fig. 1.4 : radio buttons in MATLAB

MATLAB is paid software which would make our project pretty much
expensive.

18
 On the other hand if we use scilab, then there will not be any issues
regarding radio buttons. Because in scilab there exists CHECK BOX instead
of radio buttons. If user wants to select more than one option then he is free
for that.

Fig. 1.5 : check box in scilab

In scilab, matrices and vectors can be created easily – no typing, or

storage allocation is needed. I Matrix-vector product, scalar-vector/matrix
products are written without any fuss - like the mathematicians do. Scilab is
extensively used for linear algebra and simulation, control system design.
Scilab has good graphics capability as well. Because of all these features we
have chosen scilab as the programming language for our project.

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 ii. ARDUINO & SCILAB FIRMWARE

ARDUINO FIRMWARE:

Arduino firmware is important parameter when we have to deal with

the interfacing of Scilab and Arduino. It is always required whenever scilab
code is being run.

SCILAB FIRMWARE:

Scilab firmware is for user test purpose. User can confirm by using
this firmware that the program has been successfully executed and it is
ready for further use. Basically, scilab and arduino firmwares are used as
language converter which are very much essential while serial
communication of arduino and scilab and also while interfacing these
functionalities with hardware. This is used only for checking whether the
connection between arduino and scilab is established or not

SCILAB FIRMWARE CODES:

mode(0)
h=open_serial(1,2,115200);
for i=1:3
write_serial(1,"v",1);
read_serial(1,3)
endclose_serial(1)

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 CHAPTER-3

DEVELOPING FRONT-END USING GUI

Fig. 1.6 : Front-End for monitoring & control purpose

The front-end we have developed, consists of push buttons for start

and stop operations. There is a block which will give current temperature
value in degree Celsius. Threshold values can be selected whose values are
21
prior set inside the main program. For the manual setting there are two
additional blocks to control the speed of the fan as well as the temperature.
The front-end is formed using drag and drop operation with the help of GUI
toolbox. There is option where we can change the color of each block for
simplification purpose or to make front-end more attractive.

22
 CHAPTER –4
HARDWARE

This part explains about the hardware design and construction involves
in this system.

 Arduino UNO board

 Arduino ARK

 Fan (to reduce temperature)

 LCD screen (16*2)

 Motor driver (to run motor)

 Battery source (for power supply)

 LM35 (temperature sensor IC)

 Potentiometer (10k)

 Jumper wires

23
  LM35

Fig. 1.7: LM35

The LM35 is precision integrated-circuit temperature devices with an

output voltage linearly-proportional to the Centigrade temperature. The
LM35 device has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in
Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from
the output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 device does
not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical
accuracies of ±¼°C at room temperature and ±¾°Cover a full −55°C to 150°C
temperature range The low-output impedance, linear output, and precise
inherent calibration of the LM35 device makes interfacing to readout or
control circuitry especially easy. It has very low self-heating of less than
0.1°C in still air. The LM35 device is rated to operate over a −55°C to 150°C
temperature range.

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  PIN DISCRIPTION:
Pin Function Name
No

1 Supply voltage; (5V) Vcc

2 Output voltage (+6V to -1V) Output

3 Ground (0V) Ground

Table 2.2: Pin description of LM35

 FEATURES:
 Calibrated directly in ˚ Celsius (Centigrade)
 Linear + 10.0 mV/˚C scale factor n 0.5˚C accuracy (at +25˚C)
 Rated for full −55˚ to +150˚C range
 Suitable for remote applications
 Low cost due to wafer-level trimming
 Operates from 4 to 30 volts n Less than 60 µA current drain
 Low self-heating, 0.08˚C in still air
 Nonlinearity only ±1⁄4˚C typical
 Low impedance output, 0.1 Ω for 1 mA load

 APPLICATIONS:
The LM35 can be applied easily in the same way as other integrated-
circuit temperature sensors. It can be glued or cemented to a surface and its
temperature will be within about 0.01˚C of the surface temperature. This
presumes that the ambient air temperature is almost the same as the surface
25
temperature; if the air temperature were much higher or lower than the
surface temperature, the actual temperature of the LM35 die would be at an
intermediate temperature between the surface temperature and the air
temperature. This is especially true for the TO-92 plastic package, where the
copper leads are the principal thermal path to carry heat into the device, so
its temperature might be closer to the air temperature than to the surface
temperature. To minimize this problem, be sure that the wiring to the LM35,
as it leaves the device, is held at the same temperature as the surface of
interest. The easiest way to do this is to cover up these wires with a bead of
epoxy which will insure that the leads and wires are all at the same
temperature as the surface, and that the LM35 die’s temperature will not be
affected by the air temperature.
The TO-46 metal package can also be soldered to a metal surface or
pipe without damage. Of course, in that case the V− terminal of the circuit
will be grounded to that metal. Alternatively, the LM35 can be mounted
inside a sealed-end metal tube, and can then be dipped into a bath or screwed
into a threaded hole in a tank. As with any IC, the LM35 and accompanying
wiring and circuits must be kept insulated and dry, to avoid leakage and
corrosion. This is especially true if the circuit may operate at cold
temperatures where condensation can occur. Printed-circuit coatings and
varnishes such as Humiseal and epoxy paints or dips are often used to insure
that moisture cannot corrode the LM35 or its connections. These devices are
sometimes soldered to a small light-weight heat fin, to decrease the thermal
time constant and speed up the response in slowly-moving air. On the other
hand, a small thermal mass may be added to the sensor, to give the steadiest
reading despite small deviations in the air temperature.

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  LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)

Fig. 1.8: LCD display

 Part to be Required:

1. LCD
2. Arduino board
3. Potentiometer
4. Jumper wires

 What is LCD?
LCD (liquid crystal display) is the technology used for displays
in notebook and other smaller computers. Like light-emitting diode
(LED) and gas-plasma technologies, LCDs allow displays to be much
thinner than cathode ray tube (CRT) technology. LCDs consume much
27
 less power than LED and gas-display displays because they work on
the principle of blocking light rather than emitting it.

An LCD is made with either a passive matrix or an active

matrix display grid. The active matrix LCD is also known as a thin
film transistor (TFT) display. The passive matrix LCD has a grid of
conductors with pixels located at each intersection in the grid. A
current is sent across two conductors on the grid to control the light
for any pixel. An active matrix has a transistor located at each pixel
intersection, requiring less current to control the luminance of a
pixel. For this reason, the current in an active matrix display can be
switched on and off more frequently, improving the screen refresh
time.

 The name and functions of each pin of the LCD module:

Pin1 (Vss): Ground pin of the LCD module.

Pin2 (Vcc): +5V supply is given to this pin

Pin3 (VEE): Contrast adjustment pin. This is done by connecting

the ends of a 10K potentiometer to +5V and ground and then
connecting the slider pin to the VEE pin. The voltage at the VEE
pin defines the contrast. The normal setting is between 0.4 and
0.9V.

Pin4 (RS): Register select pin. The JHD162A has two registers
namely command register and data register. Logic HIGH at RS pin
selects data register and logic LOW at RS pin will select command

28
register. If we make the RS pin HIGH and put a data on the data lines
(DB0 to DB7) it will be recognized as a data. If we make the RS pin
LOW and put a data on the data lines, then it will be taken as a
command.

Pin5 (R/W): Read/Write modes. This pin is used for selecting

between read and write modes. Logic HIGH at this pin activates read
mode and logic LOW at this pin activates write mode.

Pin6 (E): This pin is meant for enabling the LCD module. A HIGH
to LOW signal at this pin will enable the module.

Pin7 (DB0) to Pin14 (DB7): These are data pins. The commands
and data are put on these pins.

Pin15 (LED+): Anode of the back light LED. When operated on 5V,
a 560 ohm resistor should be connected in series to this pin. In arduino
based projects the back light LED can be powered from the 3.3V
source on the arduino board.

Pin16 (LED-): Cathode of the back light LED.

29
 Steps to be followed:

Step 1: Make a Breadboard circuit and Set contrast with

potentiometer:

Fig. 1.9: LCD module interface

30
  Potentiometer (10k):

Fig. 2.0: potentiometer

A potentiometer, informally a pot, is a three-terminal resistor with a

sliding or rotating contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider. If only two
terminals are used, one end and the wiper, it acts as a variable
resistor or rheostat.
The measuring instrument called a potentiometer is essentially a voltage divider
used for measuring electric potential (voltage); the component is an
implementation of the same principle, hence its name.
Potentiometers are commonly used to control electrical devices such as
volume controls on audio equipment. Potentiometers operated by a
mechanism can be used as position transducers, for example, in a joystick.
Potentiometers are rarely used to directly control significant power (more
than a watt), since the power dissipated in the potentiometer would be
comparable to the power in the controlled load.
31
 CHAPTER – 5

WORKING

LM35 is connected to arduino uno. Fan and motor drivers are also
connected to arduino uno. Arduino uno will serially communicate with GUI,
which is programmed in scilab. First arduino is connected to second arduino
ARK. LCD screen is connected via Arduino ARK. Also the program for graph
is done in arduino ARK itself. As the temperature will increase and reach to
its threshold value, the fan will automatically switched on. We can see the
current temperature value in front-end.

Fig. 2.1 : GUI front-end

32
 Arduino UNO is connected to arduino ARK. There will be graph of
temperature v/s time which will give the accurate variation in temperature
every second. Temperature can be monitor more precisely and accurately
with the help of the graph present on the monitor of computer.

Fig. 2.2 : Graph on monitor

33
LCD is connected via arduino 2. The temperature value will be displayed on
the LCD screen. The pin connection for LCD with arduino is:

Pin 1 to GND
Pin 2 to 5V
Pin 3 to wiper
Pin 4 to Arduino pin 12
Pin 5 to GND
Pin 6 to Arduino pin 11
Pin 11 to Arduino pin 5
Pin 12 to pin 4
Pin 13 to pin 3
Pin 14 to pin 2

Fig. 2.3: Pin connection for LCD with arduino

34
If the temperature goes beyond its threshold value it will be displayed on
the LCD screen.

Fig. 2.4 : Message displayed on LCD

35
 CHAPTER – 6

APPLICATION

Temperature monitoring & control system is essential in areas where

the greatest variability in temperature is expected to occur within the
qualified storage volume and they should be positioned so as to be
minimally affected by transient events. Temperature monitoring systems
should be installed in all temperature controlled rooms, cold rooms, freezer
rooms, refrigerators and freezers
 The system can be used in industries like factory or main frame
distribution where it is required to maintain constant
temperature.
 It can be used in main frame room of telecommunication
companies.
 It can be used in infant baby incubator where temperature is to
be kept constant i.e. 39oC as inside the mother’s womb.
 This system can be used in Poultry management.
 The system can be used in server rooms, labs, ICUs and ATM
machine room.

36
 CONCLUSION

Thus when the temperature crosses the set temperature value, the fan
will be automatically switch on. The scilab and arduino software will be
used in monitoring & controlling the temperature. We can have the
current value of temperature. We can change threshold value any time we
wish or whenever require. We can analyze variation in temperature via
graph which will be obtained in new pop-up window. If the temperature
will cross its threshold, it will be displayed on the LCD screen connected
via arduino ARK. It is the simple and efficient in maintaining the
temperature irrespective of the outside temperature. It is the low cost
solution for monitoring and controlling temperature as scilab and arduino
both are open source platform and hardware part is not so complex as
well.

37
  APPENDIX

i- FUTURE SCOPE

 Controlling parameters like:

 Humidity

 Moisture content

 Connecting Bluetooth

 Connecting GSM

 Speech control system

 Can be used in blood PH monitoring system

38
 ii- REFERENCES

I. Real time temperature of oven using matlab-simulink, 11th WSEAS

international conference on 23-25 July 2007

II. A resistive furnace published in Applied and Theoretical Electricity

(ICATE), 2014 International conference on 23-25 October 2014

III. System using DSP technique published in multimedia, Signal

Processing and Communication Technologies(IMPACT), 2011
international conference on 17-19 December.2011

IV. Real-time temperature monitoring using multiple wireless sensor

networks published in sensors, 2005 IEE. Conference on 30
November 2005

V. TEMPERATURE MONITORING SYSTEM: Report by faculty of

Electronics and Computer Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia
Melaka May 2011

39