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Arduino - Analogue Input and Output

This document discusses reading analog sensor values and writing analog output values using an Arduino. It explains that analog sensors can output a range of values rather than just on or off like digital inputs. It shows how to connect a potentiometer and phototransistor sensor to an Arduino analog input pin and read the sensor values. It also demonstrates using the map() and constrain() functions to scale analog readings. Finally, it covers connecting an LED to an analog output pin and fading the LED brightness using the analogWrite() function.

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Asma Ali
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71 views17 pages

Arduino - Analogue Input and Output

This document discusses reading analog sensor values and writing analog output values using an Arduino. It explains that analog sensors can output a range of values rather than just on or off like digital inputs. It shows how to connect a potentiometer and phototransistor sensor to an Arduino analog input pin and read the sensor values. It also demonstrates using the map() and constrain() functions to scale analog readings. Finally, it covers connecting an LED to an analog output pin and fading the LED brightness using the analogWrite() function.

Uploaded by

Asma Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IDMT

Arduino: Analogue input and output

Prof. Nick Bryan-Kinns


Learning Objectives
Read analogue values from sensors
Understand different kinds of sensors
Write analogue values to Arduino output pins
Arduino
Digital inputs/ outputs

USB

Power & Analog inputs


ground
Digital, Analogue
Digital: ON or OFF
e.g. button

Analogue: range of values


e.g. a dimmer switch
Connect a Potentiometer
a.k.a. a “pot” or knob

The pot has 3 pins


5V and GND on the outside
Arduino A0 in the middle

pin A0

5V
GND (ground)
Circuit diagram
Connect a Potentiometer
a.k.a. a “pot” or knob

The pot has 3 pins


5V and GND on the outside
Arduino A0 in the middle

pin A0

5V
GND (ground)
Using analog sensors

Open AnalogReadSerial sketch


Reading values

Serial monitor
(after you’ve uploaded
your sketch!)
Readingand
Sensors values
LEDs
Serial monitor
(after you’ve uploaded
your sketch!)

Open AnalogInput sketch


What happens to the LED when you turn the knob?
Connect a phototransistor
Back to this sketch...

Open AnalogReadSerial sketch


What is the range of possible values?
map() and constrain()
In here add:
int newValue = map(sensorValue, ??, ??, 0, 1023);

the minimum the maximum


In here add:
int newValue = map(sensorValue,
And change:
[...], [...], 0, 1023);
Serial.println(newValue);

and change:
Serial.println(newValue);
map() and constrain()
You could also constrain the value:

int newValue = map(sensorValue, 300, 700, 0, 1023);

newValue = constrain(newValue, 0, 1023);

In here add:
Serial.println(newValue);
int newValue = map(sensorValue,
[...], [...], 0, 1023);

and change:
Serial.println(newValue);
Analogue Output
Connect an LED** Light-Emitting Diode

Long lead goes


to the resistor
pin 9 560Ω
resistor

GND (ground)
Fading sketch

analogWrite()
What is the range of values?

for(start; finish; increment) {


// stuff in the loop
}
Learning Objectives
Read analogue values from sensors
Understand different kinds of sensors
Write analogue values to Arduino ouput pins

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