, .

' ey are then cut with

!'-. \ilR ~H·k, .1 1c blu,Yll up \Vi th stick s ofd yna 1n_i_te .Th
nu "·/nt lt'~ nr \Yith ;1 l1;11n1ncr and chis~l.

ij Jt

Roc ks are used to n1ake 1nany thin gs .

~

~ -·
.... "' ~ ~-
Pencil
Bowl

Road Temple column

Grinding stone

Statue

Slate and chalk

Slate roof Temple carving

Wall

t. l
r,f
~
Diamond
Stone bench
Bridge necklace

V
I
-.,
';t' -
' <ti ~y.~ y1t :,:,~ , -H).l.,•.•IH'..,Wh1•'.,",';.·.;,\\\"',l'tll.._,'-U\
1o
1 1. , .
• 1'~ ~'\1 1\\,r.,1(l'l'h \ lt:.~1t•'6'l-)'
... .". . . . ..". .
l-i\~r)."'l.'.H'\M

J A. Mark the sentences ✓ or X.

1· Graphite is a hard rock . ·········••t-•• ··· ·
l ......
- " '.[...
2 · Rocks can be blow n up with dyn ami te. .. ... ...
3. Pl astic is found und ergr oun d. ... .. ....--l. ..
.,/..... .. .
47
 .. . . . .. . . . . .......
. e of fibre. .... .. . ., ... .. ... .
4. Jute is a typ , anima ls. - From wh
5 Wool comes trorn the thing
. . t each box. 1. a belt
B Put five things m o --- . dead (made into things 2. a shi r
. ------- never ahve by man)
alive · 3. a clo,
~--- ---- - 4. a per
.. .... ....... ... ..... .
~
5. a ty n
,-,
,
• • • • • • • • • ~,,. • • w • • • '
~·
• •• •••• 6. a va~
... ....... ... .... ... ... Think a
. ... ....•. •. ..• .•. t . ..... . 1. Wh E
.. ..-.,. ... . ..... . iJ... ..........
. .
~
f . GivE
. .... ..-: ... .... ···· ·· ·· .. .
..........·.( .-:.-Y ... ... . 2. Hov
teac
h d. in the given table?
C. HOW many things can you put under each ea mg
solids liquids
I

I
\ctiviti€
A stone Water . Choos1
,,,.- alive; c
~oY :
~,,, . . . . was o r
I 11
-- . ' n /

I
it.
. The ai
!

' ~-{ r;.

~
the sta
I

. don't I
r\ J
I
-r- • ✓ ,
First o
I
-

- r .. /
r ,: _,j
your ~
When you have finished, find out what the others in class have put in their Now I
tables. What
D. Answer these questions. . Make
1. What kind of material is clay? Whic
Also ,
2. ~;;~; ·;hi~~~..~-;~. ~~d~.f;~~. ~~; ~~ j.~k; ~~-?..................................... ......... . ti me,

3. ~~-~-~-;h·;~~-;h·i~~~-~-~d~-~~~-~/~j~~;;~: ...... ··. ·........... ·····........... ·........... . For the

......... . ................. .... .... ................ ...... ....... .......... ..... , .. .. • It is imr-
4. Where do most fibres come from? .... ... . · ...... ... · ..... ... .. m ateria

• In thee

s. ~~-~-~-;h-;~~- ;hi ~~~..~-~d~ ·

f;~ ~ ·~ ~ ;~ ;~ i·~;~~~; ~- ~: ·............................. ... · . ~0
;~~~
.. ....................................
1
······ ..•....... ... .... ........ ........................ ........... .. <.,.,•·
 From which materials might these things be made? (Remember that some of

t:t:~rS~:t~-at- ~!~to;~~~;::~-_;;~e:.'~L~:: :::: : ::::::::::::

• ./
3. a C IOC k.·, ·······.····· :: ·-··· · ·· ·•· ···· t? •·"J. ......... ...,'~ ... ;.... ,,..........................
1
I
\\-, ... .
4. a pencr: .. .... ..... \ ....7 ... ... ...... ;-... ,...... ;t ... 1 ........ )_................................ ····
• ,; ! .)

5. a tyre. ············ ···· ·················"········· :······················ ··· ············· ··· ····· · •

6. a vase: ....'.... .......:,........ ............ : ......................... .... ...... ~ .\ .......... C... 1 I, ., .
Think about it!
1. When a flo~er is plucked is it still alive? Tell your teacher what you think.
Give reasons for your answer.
2. How do you think pebbles and small grains of sand were formed? Tell your
teacher. · ·

1. Choose three things. One must be alive; one must be something that was never
alive; and the third must be an object that has been made from something that
was once alive. Draw a picture of each thing and write a few sentences about
it.
2. The air we breathe contains water vapour. Set up this experiment to show that
the statement is true. You will need a mirr.or or something made of glass. If you
don't have a mirror, what might you use?
First open your mouth and breathe hard out of your mouth onto the palm of
your hand. Is your breath warm or cold? 1

Now breathe out onto the mirror. What happens?

Wh@t happens to the surface of the mirror? What does this tell you?
. Make a collection of rocks of different colours. Disp·l ay these in the classroom.
Which ones can be broken easily? Which ones are too hard 'to break?
Also collect sand ana soil of different colours and pour them .carefully, one at a
time, into a glass jar.

For the Teacher

• It is i~portant to learn h~w to sort and classify . Practise sorting other groups too. Give other examples of how
materials change by heating or cooling '
• In the · h I .
contacetxp~trh1ment, lw at cfo lects on the mirror is vapour. Vapour forms drops of water when it comes into
w, a coo er sur ace (It co d u 1,· d
• Get the children to bring sam.pl e fn enkses. I set s's wolr. now, so that the children become fam ili ar with it.)
. s o roe to c ass. ay a 1ttle about ho k b k ·
pieces over a length of time by w th . d b . w roe s are ro en down 111to small er
. e~ ering an a_ ras,on. ·
 [xerc1ses ----- ~
--·------·--·- Revis 10

A. Fill in tfw blank~.

.1F f~\ <l 'V Pl .-.-c. n; '-<ir: · H~ i · ' i- ( I{ t\
l. l',>' .. .• dnd · c. ere nn, t • i1<Ht, ot '11ll( h
. . ,nd
1 Rn l k, ( ,1n hC h Ifl\ ·. n l.l n \ \ I i h I
r, : I ( \._ <.. , 1i

4. Pntter\ ,, m .H1f' trnm

; . \ t tHH lie ,, ·--1¥ic out n,
8. Find out!
1. The namec, 01 th rrr ga, r ,
. .. . . . -~.. . ' . \.

1 Th ree tf"\ 1n~'- ' " h1ch h,1 '- c ,11' 1• 1 :bcn"
.. . ......
' ,· ' . .. . . . . ~

-; Three d1ffcr ~n1 k f"\d<- o: rna1.e r ,,; .. u,!·rl rnr ,.,... 1:,. : 10...,

.... .
.. ' '
t, ► • P'';',t• •f't •r\
4 . Three 1, pc " ui p : ,_,t ,ou , .. ~, ,,.,, ~ Jq·~ I '
..,
. ..• •!' "' • ... f.. ... . . ... . . .
~

C. Answer these qu t.1.,t inn~.

1 . H O\ '\ are II\ m~ 1f ,r,~.; d1 ':i•!(·m :run '"' ,.. ,..,
q I ( ' tJ '-, l

• •· • \ • , • • '"' • • • • • • • • • a • • • • • •

} \\ hat are ~omt- 01 i 11~· thing) thd{ rh1\t.· fl t.' '.t' f ht·t'fl ..d ,,{.I
.. . . . ....
... ... . ········• · ... .
3. \\ hJt '"HC· , u r11e 0 1 th l~m atr r1JI~ ,,, e ge ~~ Jm Jrt ,md l~
.... ... . ......... ..... ... . ...... .........
➔ . \\ rat C..Hl \\ C do \\ .rt~ .J liquid ~har \'. t-' L.1.0 fhJ ' do v • . d a :lJl1rl
1

...... ... ...... ... .. .. .. ···· ··· ..... ........... ...... .. .... .
). \\ hJ' ,, (\\ \ ~er 1

O. ,find the mistakes and re\,rite the sentences correctl) .

1. P,ants g1,e u.., 11hn. ., ~ucn d-:, Jd ie ano iur
•• • • • • .. • • • • • r • 9 ♦ • ••• •• • • • 0 • • • • ••• • • •• • •• •••• • • • •' • • , • -
~

) The air around u~ 1s md dt up 0 1 O\ \ ~en

 \'Ve ca n po ur so lid s.

. ·.
i ~. ~a:~~i~ ~-
J.

~-~~·-~~~-~-~~~.; .; ~· · ·.~.~~~~~·. ~~ ~.~~

·h-~id·.· .... .......... ···························· 1~-~·
······ · .. ············
wo od an d -~-;~·~·i·t·~ ·. ······ ········· ·· ·· ··· ·· ··· ··· ····
s. ~ pe nc il is ma de fro m

······· ·· ····· ······ .. ·· ·· · ... ····· .... . ····

···· ·········· ··· ······
e na me s of ..h.... · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· · · ·· · ·· ·· ·· · ·· · · · ·· · · · ·· · · · · · · · ·
~. Under each heading write th so_me t mgs made by man .
1

. ,_·1f. -
me tal glass wood
- i- \ (_
r
. ', - .....
)
I'
- '
('
. , ;,
(
..... h :i ~

rr~
I
, I ,_' I ;
p
.- l , J n
/'
(
I l -'
,, ' _,
-:J{ '
' \r·. ·/ ,
=7
'L - Y ,.. 1 ,. /:'2 'il ti l I
....
-··1 . ,O~·, ,,.
(
'
I ✓
' J ..... "
" (, . ''\
"""' I
'
.... .
i I
,.
/" ', .. - J.
I ,_ -, ,' ' (
- I
, l

leather sto ne
plastic •
,__

,, f
j {~. - - .--- . ' I )
,

- _,. ~- -
I
.Ye
<...
. -
-- l
~

' ~ l
/ ' ~'\ .....

...-
,..... -
..
.....)
,
( . ,1
'
{ 'v ~'
'-
"- ,
.
., l
.....
t I
" r' ..,_;-.::
(
"t ' .1
. , /...., ,
' ,. I
, I
I ~
1 • ,
~. --.
\.

I
~

words. "
Tell your teacher in your ow n
s (m ine ra ls an d rocks) are taken ou t of the earth.
1. How solid
2. How a so lid can be tu rn ed
into a liquid and a gas.
The thi ng s in yo ur ho us e th at are made from stone.
3.
and non-I ivi ng th in gs.
4. The difference be tw ee n Iivi ng
S. About any rock carvings th at
you have seen .
 ; \

\ \ ' . - ( ½~. - f

6
/

') 1-J le ·
...- ---- ~
_ Chapter
Life in water ry·~; will learn that
\. • Fish es a n cI s~n:1c other
.,

There are many living things in water . I•

\ an .,m aIs live in Well e r.
1
Som e l ive i n fr ~s h .
water; oth ers I ,v e m
t sa lty sea w;:1ter.
. als rive in water.
Plants, fishes and some other an1m . h es breathe th ro ugh
! • F,s
gi ll s.
Here are some of the anin1als that live
in water.

.
.- .. ,,
Turtle
-~ lobs~ r
Starfish -; -:i. ) J.,;J t ..l ~ •'

~ --__ b. ·.t.~~- . ~ f\~ { ~

Jellyfish ~:.~ _, r

Shell

\) There are only three fishes in the picture. Can you find them'
36
 .h saw on page 36?
A. Which are the three f 1s es you ..... .... ....... .... .... .. .... .•••...... ..
• , ,_ !._,· .. . ...... .... .. ... . . . .......... ... . . .. .. .. .
.. .. ..,.. ··· ·· ..... ,. .. .... ... ..... ... . . . ·n with the following letters.
3. W . ... ... 1
B Name three sea creatures (not f1~h) begmm g
• .I ~ ... . . .. .. .. .
- .
1. d ...... }... ... .. .... 2 . s.. \ .... . . : .... .. ...
C. Answer these questions.

1. ~ ha~'!~~ rby
·········:.\.,~... ~ .. ...... ....... .....
f\sh ca lled?····· ·· ···· ····· ·· ········· ··· ···· ·..... ... ...... ..... ...... ...... ... ...... ..
2. What is an aquarium ? ·
~ ...... :................................................................••······························:·:········ ····
, ,; D. Look carefully at the picture on page 37. Then talk about these questions.
Do frogs Iive in water or out of water?
1.
2. What do frogs eat?
3. How does a frog get its food?
4 . Do frogs produce eggs? If so, where?
5. What do the eggs become? _
6. How does the young of a frog move?
7. How does a frog move on land?
8. How does a frog move through the water?
9. Do all frogs look alike?
10. What sound does a frog make?
E. Write the names of the animals in the table below in the correct columns.
Add at least three names of your own to both columns of the table.
crocodile lizard ant rabbit goldfish butterfly
tadpole eel crab whale scorpion seahorse
- t
octopus lobster .1e~tf~~de sora~ an
1t y-,:- rat
-
tortoise
jackal shark ~1J,gator C

fly
7v, ·,, n ~- ni g~t~Rial.e 1
/ \
} ' I I
- -1 '
I

·1

we live in water
we do not live in water
'
I ·r, _ ~
. ( (:'(.~ ' J y.J,, .. }

.(' \ -- {'
Ji
I

..... ,-\ /'1 I i0 \, { ( '-

."J r'

0' I
,
,..
~)

.
. ! \
'
\ ~.,.' •:_;"("".._.,(I
I
·-
'··
'
' /
- 'rh\.~ '. .;
i
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.t"'
,. ,., . /
·o 1n -
--\ (' L ,
'> 11 l~.
\c 1!, '
, j
~
._

i
.-
I ./

. '
\,
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I
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" \ ,.. j
" ,. . . . . -1 (' I
I
 t,.tl UH.' \ /\I HI \I IIU ·••'-••• · ··' " - -
r irtd old \\
f• ,.,.,,'v,, . "''"'" "· "~ ,, • ,.... .. " '" '"""" ,.. ,. _ ........, ....,,,•. ,,.,, ... ~.•·,~·· , . •.• , ,,.,.,.•,,. . ..., .~.,,.-·. , .,,.--
.l•t; and Pro;ccts ···· · . . . . . .
Adf\'I f l . ,·
. , i>i c tlrrcs ,1ncl vv ril<' the lltllfH s.
I . ( nln111 I 1H

oc/._.
·· ··· .
'-: .....:..~ ... ..

p, lI
···· ··· ···· ·· .. .. ....... .
• I /

··· ········7 ··· ···· .....

-, \)
..L.o..b.<~t f .~---
s (..,.\ ·,.. -,· ( - -,
: (f _./
2 . Draw a picture of a frog in your scrapbook. Take note of how its legs are
shaped, especially the rear legs . Why are they shaped like this?
3. Find a picture of a Blue Whale . (Your teacher might help!)
The Blue Whale is the largest animal in the world . It grows to about 35 metres
in length. It weighs up to 120 tonnes .
Find out how long a metre is . With a stick one metre long, measure 35 metres
in the playground . You will then discover how big a Blue Whale is . \tis many
times bigger than you are!
 A. Fill in the blanks.
1. The .. 1:.<:-l.J)J~.. is a large_. bird which is too heavy to fly.
2. The tuna-rs a kind of .:~.~•.').. ~.L ...
3. Sometimes, people keep small fish at home in an ....../.r.i.:-.,0~M
4. The kingfisher is a kind of t ... :.. ~~ ...... : . )
5. Animals kept at home as our friends are called .:../2. ,,........ ·
8. Underline the correct answer.
1. These animals give us milk.
a. cow and giraffe b. goat and buffalo · c. goat and cat
2. These animals eat grass.
a. cow and fish b. tiger and parrot c. goat and sheep
3. These are wild animals.
a. cat and zebra b. wolf and bear c. elephant and came\
C. Arrange the animals in order of size. Put the biggest first.
1. goat, giraffe, horse, tiger, rabbit, fox
••••,. •••••••• 1/1 ••••••••••••• / '. ••••••••• ·;-;-; •••••••••••••
~ 'l ,.,.., I> 7
·i ·......................................................... .
,
2. frog, crocodile, sn ail, gec~o, cat, mo se

3. deer, elephant, ~hark, ~onsoose, sguirrel,_~ippopotamus _

0 , -,. t r-- ~
• • • • e • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • . : . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . !•..................... ~; •••· ♦ \_,t eeee •• ee ♦ I •••• •• e • • e ••• e♦e ee I e eee • • e e e e e e I ee •II e I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,1

Compare your answers with those of your classmates. Were al I the ans\,vers the
same? Talk about the differences.
D. Answer these questions.
1. Why does a giraffe have a long neck?
e et e e ♦ t I I♦ e If♦ I♦ ♦
I• e e et
♦
I eat
I♦
I• It If I t t e et et e I. I I e e t I t e
I It t I I It e e I e t I e et t e I I t e e e e e • e I e I t I I e I I e e e e e t e t e
I I e e e • e e It It I
1

2. What do animals eat?

-
1 1
e • • • • e I ••I • ••I I•• t • I I • • • I I I I•. I • t t • I t • I • t I I• It • I • I• I•• I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I .. I I I I I I I I• 1
1

3. Which animals are scavengers?

4. C~ ~. ;~~.~;~~;ii~~~-;·,~~~~- :h~;~.b;;;;~· ·b·~·i,~i-;h·~-i~- .n.... ·t· .~- ··....... .... ..............

es s.
a. ............... b. ............... c........... .....
AO
 -.
:; ( 4 lll c1 baby bird see when it is born?

····••"''······················································································'·····················
- . \Nhich is bigger, an elephant or a blue whale? ......................................... .
8 _ Does a baby bird learn to walk before it c; n fly? ........................................ .
9_ Hovv many tentacles (arms) has an octopus? ............................................ .
1o. V\/hat is the difference between a goat and a sheep? Note down at least two
differences.
t I • f t t I • t t • ♦ I ♦ I t I ♦ ♦ ♦ I ♦ t I I ♦ ♦ ♦ I f I♦ t ♦ I I ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦I ♦ ♦ ♦ t I I I ♦ ♦ I ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ I ♦ I t ♦ It I♦ t ♦♦I♦ I♦ I ♦♦ It♦♦♦♦♦ t ♦I ♦♦♦ f I♦♦♦ I I♦ I I♦ f. I ♦♦ f ♦• ♦♦I♦♦ I

♦ ♦
1
1 I 1 • 1 1 f t I i, I I I ♦ I I ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ t ♦ I t I I t I ♦ ♦ ♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦ I ♦ ♦ I ♦ ♦ I t I ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦ I I ♦ I I I ♦ I ♦ t ♦ ♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ I ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ I ♦ ♦ I t ♦ I I ♦ ♦ ♦ I I ♦ I ♦ ♦ ♦ t • ♦ ♦ ♦ I I ♦ ♦ t I ♦ ♦ t I I I ♦ I

E. Draw a picture showing the three stages in a frog's life.

I
r

t:
/J (' I. ' I,//
'
I
'/

l
I
'✓ ,.
_--- ,. ._ _.c _I~ , / , __.1

- Tell your teacher in your o~n words.er clever things. .

1. About animals that do tricks or oth h . being done to protect it.
. . d
2. Abou~ one animal that is in an ger and w at ,s
3. About the most beautiful bird you have see~. humans.
4. How animals, birds and fishes are different rom