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    SCOPE. 2. Site Condition

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    Mayank Sharma
    This document details the calculation of an earthing system for a crude oil tank. It provides site conditions like design temperature and soil resistivity. It then outlines the calculation method and formulas used to determine the size of earthing conductors, resistance of pipe and strip electrodes, and total equivalent earth resistance of the grid. The calculations show the selected earth conductor size is 75x12 mm square and the total earth resistance is less than the permissible limit of 1 ohm.

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    SCOPE. 2. Site Condition

    Uploaded by

    Mayank Sharma
    65 views4 pages
    This document details the calculation of an earthing system for a crude oil tank. It provides site conditions like design temperature and soil resistivity. It then outlines the calculation method and formulas used to determine the size of earthing conductors, resistance of pipe and strip electrodes, and total equivalent earth resistance of the grid. The calculations show the selected earth conductor size is 75x12 mm square and the total earth resistance is less than the permissible limit of 1 ohm.

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    This document details the calculation of an earthing system for a crude oil tank. It provides site conditions like design temperature and soil resistivity. It then outlines the calculation method and formulas used to determine the size of earthing conductors, resistance of pipe and strip electrodes, and total equivalent earth resistance of the grid. The calculations show the selected earth conductor size is 75x12 mm square and the total earth resistance is less than the permissible limit of 1 ohm.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    65 views4 pages

    SCOPE. 2. Site Condition

    Uploaded by

    Mayank Sharma
    This document details the calculation of an earthing system for a crude oil tank. It provides site conditions like design temperature and soil resistivity. It then outlines the calculation method and formulas used to determine the size of earthing conductors, resistance of pipe and strip electrodes, and total equivalent earth resistance of the grid. The calculations show the selected earth conductor size is 75x12 mm square and the total earth resistance is less than the permissible limit of 1 ohm.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 4

    1. SCOPE.

    This document details the Earthing system calculation for the Tank of Crude Oil.
    2. SITE CONDITION
    Equipment design temp : 46 deg C
    Relative Humidity : Maximum 100%
    Altitude above mean sea level : [ 1000M
    3. BASIS FOR CALCULATION

    Resistively of soil : 6.10 Ohm-m


    Depth of laying of Earth strip : 500mm below ground
    Main Earth Strip Material : GI Flat
    Main Earth Electrode : GI Pipe
    Main earth Electrode Dimension : 10cm diameter, 300cm long
    4. EARTHING CALCULATION

    4.1 Calculation Method


    4.1.1 Calculation of Earthing Conductor Size:
    The earthing conductor size is calculated by the following equation taken from Code of practice for
    Earthing, IS-3043-1987 section 12.2.2.1

    S = (Ixªt) / k (mm2)
    Where

    S : Cross sectional area of earth conductor size


    I : AC rms value of fault Current (Amp)
    T : Operating time of disconnecting device (Sec)
    K : A factor for the circuit protective conductors’ material From (table-6 of IS 3043)
    K=56
    4.1.2 PIPE ELECTRODE
    The resistance of a Pipe Electrode (Re) is calculated based on IS-3043 section 9.2.2
    Where
    Re= (100ρ) / (2xπxI) xlog; (4xI /d) (ohms)
    Re : Resistance of one Pipe Electrode
    ρ : Soil resistivity (Ohm-m)
    I : Length of pipe electrode (cm)
    d : Diameter of pipe electrode (cm)
    4.1.3 STRIP ELECTRODES
    The Strip Electrode resistance (RS) is calculated by following formula taken from
    Code of practice for earthing IS 3043 section 9.2.3
    Where

    RS= (100ρ) / (2xπxI) x logè; (2xI ²/wt) (ohms)

    RS : Resistance of Strip Electrode


    ρ : Soil resistivity (Ohm-m)
    I : Length of the strip (cm)
    w : Depth of burial of the electrode (cm)
    t : Width of the Strip (cm)
    4.1.4 EQUIVALENT EARTH RESISTANCE OF THE GRID

    Total earth resistance RT=RE II RS


    RT= Total Earth Resistance
    RS= Resistance of the Strip Electrode
    RE= Total Resistance of the Earth Electrode
    RE=Re / n
    Where,
    Re= resistance of one Pipe Electrode
    n= Total number of Earth Electrodes
    Required number of Earth Electrodes shall be interconnected with GI Strip to get the value of
    resistance to earth less than 1 ohm for process area.
    RS= (100 ρ) / (2xπxI) x logè; (2xI ²/wt) (ohms)

    Re : Resistance of Strip Electrode


    ρ : Soil resistivity (Ohm-m)
    I : Length of the strip (cm)
    w : Depth of burial of the electrode (cm)
    t : Width of the Strip (cm)
    ANNEXURE

    1) CALCULATION OF MAIN EARTHING CONDUCTOR SIZE

    Formula Used

    S = (Ixªt ) / k

    Minimum Earth Conductor size required to meet the short circuit requirement is

    calculated as below

    However, due to cable impedance, the maximum fault current at down stream load

    terminals in process area will be very less

    I : 50KA

    t : 1 Sec

    K : 56

    S = (Ixªt) / k

    =50000 xª1 / 56

    = 892.85

    Since 75x12mm = 900 Sq.mm

    So, selected earth Conductor size is 75x12 Sq.mm

    2) CALCULATION OF RESISTANCE OF PIPE ELECTRODE

    Formula Used

    ! : 6.10 Ohm-m (As Per Mail dtd:-22.03.07 of Indus project Ltd. )


    I : 300cm (As per doc No. LI-OEE-STD-0177)

    d : 10 cm (As per doc No. LI-OEE-STD-0177)

    Re= (100!) / (2xxI) x log; (4xI /d) (ohms)

    = (100x6.10) / (2x3.14x300) x log; (4x300 /10)

    = 1.549

    Calculation of Total resistance of Pipe Electrodes (RE)

    Re= 1.549

    n = 2 Nos

    Since Resistance calculated for each electrode is 2 Ohms. So, No of earth

    electrode required 2 to bring resistance less than 1 Ohms.

    RE =Re / n

    = 1.549/ 2

    = 0.7745

    3) CALCULATION OF RESISTANCE OF STRIP ELECTRODE

    Formula Used

    ! : 6.10 Ohm-m (As per mail dtd:-22.03.07 of Indus project Ltd. )

    I : 30000 Cms

    w : 50

    t : 7.5

    RS :

    RS= (100!) / (2xxI) x log; (2xI ²/wt) (ohms)

    = (100x6.10) / (2 x 3.14 x 30000) x log; (2 x 30000 ² / 50x7.5)

    = 0.0498

    4) CALCULATION OF TOTAL EARTH RESISTANCE

    Formula Used

    RT=RE II RS

    RS= 0.0498

    RE= 0.7745

    RT=
    RT = RS x RE / RS + RE

    = 0.0498x 0.7745/ 0.0498+ 0.7745

    = 0.0385701/ 0.8243

    = 0.04679 ohms

    = < 1 ohms

    5) CONCLUSION

    As earth resistance value (RT) is within permissible limits of 1 Ohm.

    6) NOTES

    1. Earth Electrodes shall be connected to each other by GI strip of size 75x12 Sq.mm

    (1Run)

    2. New earthing shall be connected to existing earthing system at the nearest point by

    GI Strip of size 75 x 12 Sq.mm

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