POETRY “Figures of Speech”

POETRY  “Figures of Speech”

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Figurative speech is speech which employs various figures of speech. So, it is kind of expression in which
words are used out of  their ordinary use with the aim to add beauty or emotional strength and to transfer the poet's
sense impressions by comparing or identifying one thing with another that has a meaning familiar to the reader.
Some examples of figures of speech are: metaphor,simile, personification, hyperbole, understatement, metonymy,
paradox,and paronomasia.

Such as this example; “I will speak daggers to her, but use none,” says Hamlet, preparing to confront his
mother. His statement makes sense only because we realize that daggers is to be taken two ways: literally (denoting
sharp, pointed weapons) and nonliterally (referring to something that can be used like weapons-namely, words).
Sometimes also use figurative to exaggerate statements, to attribute qualities of an object, to indicate human
characteristic to non human,
In reading poetry, we often meet comparisons between two things whose similarity we have never noticed
before. Like imagery, figurative language refers us to the physical words. Use the figurative in poem will give the
poem power and they are more than just ways of playing with words.

CHAPTER II
CONTENT
         Metaphor
Metaphor is used to attribute qualities to an object not normally related with those qualities. Example:
Love is the wild card of existence
Oh, my love is a red, red rose.
         Simile
Simile is a similar can be a direct comparison between two things aren’t particularly similar in there essence. It
indicates by some connective, usually like, as, than, or a verb such asresembles. Here are examples:
Oh, my love is like a red, red rose.                             
Oh, my love resembles a red, red rose.                      
Oh, my love is redder than a rose.                             
If we are aware of the connotations of red rose (beauty, softness, freshness, etc), then the line “My love is like a red,
red rose” need not to call to mind a woman with a scarlet face and a thorny neck.
         Personification
It is a process of assigning human characteristic to non human objects, abstraction or ideas. See James Stephens’
poem in first stanza in his poem titled The Wind:
The wind stood up and gave a shout.             
He whistled on his fingers and           
 It means that the wind is a wild man, and evidently it is not just any autumn breeze but a hurricane or at least a stiff
gale.
         Hyperbole
Hyperbole is a figure of speech which employs exaggeration used for rhetorical effect. The effect of hyperbole in
this particular instance and in many other in fiction is a dramatic heightening. Example: “Vaster than empires, and
more slow”. Hyperbole can be used also for humorous purposes, as; “Every time I shake, some skinny gal loses her
home.”

         Metonymy
The substitution of a word closely associated with another word in place of that other word. Such as this example:
Is all the proud and mighty have
Between the cradle and the grave,
We know that cradle and grave signify birth and death. And between them is a life.
         Paradox
Paradox occurs in a statement that at first strikes us as self-contradictory but than just reflection makes some sense.
Example: “Lives in a larger world than the globe-trotter.” two different meanings of larger are contrasted: “greater
in spiritual values” versus “greater in miles”.

CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION
             Personifying objects can be an easy description of another thing. Through metonymy, a poet can focus our
attention on a particular detail in a larger object; using hyperbole make us see the physical actuality in back of
words. paradox cause us to realize this actuality and enjoyably at the same time. Poetry provides the one permissible
way of saying one thing and meaning another.

References
         How to analyze poetry. Christopher Russell Reaske. Monarch press.
         Steinmann, Martin and Gerald Willen. Literature for Writing(second edition. California: Wadsworth Publishing
Company, 2004

In this chapter, the writer wants to analyze the poem from unknown author that implied some figures of
speech.
Love is a dream
Love is a dream
Its gone as we wake up
Leaving some moments
To be cherished
Love is like a wind
It embraces us with passion
 leaving the scent of fresh flowers
tingling our mind
Love is like a water bubble
Beautiful to see from far
Even rainbows are visible
But a tender touch will break it
Leaving a refreshing sprinkle
Love resembles a shadow
We try to escape but it follow
At times it makes us hollow
It disappears with the sun
And leave us in the Nights 
To Haunt all over again
My love race along to your heart than water racing
Is all soft and strong
Between the mountain and beach

         Metaphor
The data: according to poem “Love Is a Dream”
a.       In stanza I: Love is a dream
Comment: in my analysis for love is a dream is that human usually doesn’t realize that the love has been coming to
their hearts. As dream that comes while people sleeping. It gone as we wake up and leave some moments
         Simile
The data:
a.       In stanza II: Love is like a wind
b.      In stanza III: Love is like a water bubble
c.       In stanza IV: Love resembles a shadow
Comment: according to the data above, the author describe love as wind means that wind blow and vestige some
senses of memories. And the author considers that love is beautiful by imagining it as rainbow that seems in water’s
flow.
         Personification
The data:
a.      In stanza II: It embraces us with passion
b.      In stanza III: But a tender touch will break it
Comment: based on the data that it refer to wind that imagined it can hold human with a strong feeling. Another
one described that love as air ball that broke if someone touches it.
         Hyperbole
The data:
a.       In stanza IV: At times it makes us hollow
Comment: in my analysis that love sometimes suddenly disappear by the time. So, the author uses the exaggeration
word to show the reader how it happened.
         Metonymy
The data:
a.       in stanza V: Between the mountain and beach
Comment: according to data, between the mountain and beach have meaning between them is a water flow.
         Paradox
The data:
a.       in stanza V: My love race along to your heart than water racing
Comment: according to data, it has some reflection to make some sense between two different meaning races along
the heart and the water racing.

By:Puput Putri Zakiyah

Questions and Answers
 1. 
He was as brave as a lion.

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 2. 
"All the world's a stage And all the men and women merely players; They have
their exits and their entrances;" William Shakespear: As you like it    
Discuss

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor
 o C. 

Personification
 

 3. 
"Death lays its icy hands on kings."
Discuss

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 4. 
"My love is like a red rose..."

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 5. 
"Death! where is thy sting? O Grave!  Where is thy victory?"
Discuss

o A. 

Simile

o B. 
 Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 6. 
He is a lion.

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 7. 
The wind wrapped its icy fingers around my body.

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 8. 
The boat was tossed like a cork on the waves.

o A. 

Simile

o B. 
 Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 9. 
"Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?  Thou art more lovely and more
temperate:" Sonnet 18: William Shakespeare

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor

o C. 

Personification
 

 10. 
Blind justice was not on his side.

o A. 

Simile

o B. 

Metaphor

o C. 

Personification

1. Figurative language: a technique poets (and others) use to

create strong imagery. Figurative language conveys meaning
beyond the literal meaning of the words.
2. Simile: a type of figurative language in which two seemingly
unlike things are compared using  like or as.
  Payday loans are like blight on one’s financial soul.
3. Metaphor: a type of figurative language that directly
compares two unlike objects.
 During the day it was a thunderous surge of cars, a great
insect rustling.
4. Personification: a type of figurative language in which
animals, inanimate objects, or ideas are given human
qualities.
 The wind howled its disapproval as we opened the front
door.
5. Synecdoche: a part of something substituted for the whole.
 Romeo, give me thy heart and we shall enjoy our love.

A Pizza the Size of the Sun

I’m making a pizza the size of
the sun, a pizza that’s sure to
weigh
more than a ton, a pizza too
massive to pick up and toss, a
pizza
resplendent with oceans of
sauce. I’m topping my
pizza with
mountains of cheese, with acres
of peppers, pimentos, and peas,
with mushrooms, tomatoes, and
sausage galore, with every last
olive they had at the store. My
pizza is sure to be one of a kind,
my
pizza will leave other pizzas
behind, my pizza will be a
delectable
treat that all who love pizza are
welcome to eat. The oven is hot,
I
believe it will take a year and a
half for my pizza to bake. I
hardly can
wait till my pizza is done, my
wonderful pizza is the size of
the sun. -
Jack Pretulsky A Pizza the Size
of the Sun
e. Analysis
Complete the story with the use
of the indicated figure of
speech. State
the answer to the class.
"Jack hopped (simile) down the
hill. He met Jill who
(hyperbole). The
two of them loved to go to the
park where (personification)."
IV. Evaluation
Identify the figurative language
used in the following lines.
1. The old stairway groaned
with every step we took.
2. I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3. You’re an ant, while I’m a
lion
4. The sky misses the sun at
night.
5. My heart has turned to stone
6. The squatters need roofs for
their heads
7. She was a spring flower
8. Milton! thou should'st be
living at this hour
V. Assignment
In a one-half sheet of paper,
write two examples for each
figurative language already
discussed.