The document discusses several key concepts in database management systems including:
DBMS is software that stores and retrieves user data with security measures and acts as an interface between data and applications. RDBMS uses relational databases that store data in tables that can relate to other data. Entity relationship diagrams show relationships among entity sets which represent tables and attributes. Common relationships include one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many. A data dictionary stores metadata about the database. Constraints like NOT NULL, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, CHECK, and DEFAULT specify rules for data within tables.
The document discusses several key concepts in database management systems including:
DBMS is software that stores and retrieves user data with security measures and acts as an interface between data and applications. RDBMS uses relational databases that store data in tables that can relate to other data. Entity relationship diagrams show relationships among entity sets which represent tables and attributes. Common relationships include one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many. A data dictionary stores metadata about the database. Constraints like NOT NULL, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, CHECK, and DEFAULT specify rules for data within tables.
The document discusses several key concepts in database management systems including:
DBMS is software that stores and retrieves user data with security measures and acts as an interface between data and applications. RDBMS uses relational databases that store data in tables that can relate to other data. Entity relationship diagrams show relationships among entity sets which represent tables and attributes. Common relationships include one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many. A data dictionary stores metadata about the database. Constraints like NOT NULL, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, CHECK, and DEFAULT specify rules for data within tables.
The document discusses several key concepts in database management systems including:
DBMS is software that stores and retrieves user data with security measures and acts as an interface between data and applications. RDBMS uses relational databases that store data in tables that can relate to other data. Entity relationship diagrams show relationships among entity sets which represent tables and attributes. Common relationships include one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many. A data dictionary stores metadata about the database. Constraints like NOT NULL, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, CHECK, and DEFAULT specify rules for data within tables.
Database Management System (DBMS) is a software for storing and retrieving users' data while considering appropriate security measures. It consists of a group of programs which manipulate the database. The DBMS accepts the request for data from an application and instructs the operating system to provide the specific data. In large systems, a DBMS helps users and other third-party software to store and retrieve data.
DBMS allows users to create their own databases as per their requirement. The term “DBMS” includes the user of the database and other application programs. It provides an interface between the data and the software application.
------------------------ RDBMS
A relational database management system (RDBMS or just RDB) is a common type of database that stores data in tables, so it can be used in relation to other stored datasets. Relational databases have the muscle to handle multitudes of data and complex queries. Multiple tables are standard usage for modern databases. The data is often stored in many tables, also called ‘relations’. These tables are divided into rows, also called records and columns (fields).
An ER diagram shows the relationship among entity sets. An entity set is a group of similar entities and these entities can have attributes. In terms of DBMS, an entity is a table or attribute of a table in database. So by showing relationship among tables and their attributes, ER diagram shows the complete logical structure of a database.
------------------------ Types of relationships
1. One to One relationship : each record in one entity is related to only record in other entity eg : Employee -> Passport
2. one to Many relationship : each record in one entity is related to many record in other entity, but not the other way round. eg: University : student
3. Many to Many relationship : each record in one entity is related to many record in other entity, and same the other way round. ------------------------ Data Dictionary
It basically stores all the data related to database. Therfore it provides the metadata about the database.
------------------------ Types of Constraints
1.NOT NULL : it restricts the feild to have NULL values.
2.UNIQUE : it restricts the feild to have duplicate values. Many feilds can have this constraints 3.PRIMARY KEY : it restricts the feild to have duplicate and NULL values. So it's a combination of NOT NULL + UNIQUE. And also only one attribute can have this constraint. 4.FOREIGN KEY : Reference to the Primary key of another table / or same table as well. It can contain only the values present in primary key column or it can contain null 5.CHECK : User defined contraint. User can define what all checks he wants to impose. 6.Default : It specify a default value in case if there is a NULL.
