Technical Drawing 8 (Q1-Week 2)

Technical Drawing 8
1st Quarter, Week 2

S.Y. 2021-2022
Name: ____________________________________ Date: _____________________
Section: ___________________________________ Score: ____________________
Topic: Drafting Materials and Measuring Tools, Its Uses/Functions

Learning Competency: Perform Mensuration and Calculation
Learning Targets: a) To identify and select drafting materials and measuring tools applicable to a specific job
b) To familiarize the proper maintenance of drafting materials and measuring tools
c) To draw basic geometrical figures using the drafting materials and measuring tools
References: Competency-Based Learning Material (Second Year) – Drafting Technology, page 12-16
Concept Notes:
There are a great variety of drafting materials and measuring tools used in technical drawing. These are
the most of the basic ones but sufficient enough for your initial understanding about technical drawing.
Drafting Materials:
 Drawing paper
- Various types of drawing papers are available for use but hard and soft surface drawing papers are
highly recommended to be the best. This type does not groove easily when pressure is applied to the
pencil. Oslo paper is commonly used but bond paper is also recommended.
 Drawing pencil
- This is one of the most important tools in drawing. It comes in various grades. The grade of pencil to be
used depends on the quality of paper to be used. You have to take into consideration also the type of line
work required.
 Hard pencils – are used where extreme accuracy is required especially working on graphs, diagrams
and charts.
 Medium pencils – are used for general purpose work in drawing.
 Soft pencils – are too soft to be used in mechanical drafting. They are very useful for art work of
various kinds.
 Erasing Shield
- This tool is made up of metal with irregular holes. It is a useful tool to protect the
rest of the drawing when clearing up smudges, unnecessary pencil lines and other
erasures.
 Masking tape
- This is used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table or drawing board because it does not
damage the board and it will not damage the paper if it is removed by pulling it off.
 Pencil sharpener
- Pencils should be sharpened whenever they show sign of dullness. Various types and designs are
available in the store for use.
 Eraser
- This is used to clean the dirt off the drawing. A soft eraser is advantageous in removing smudges and
pencil marks, whereas, a harder eraser is useful for making changes and correcting errors in the
drawing.
Measuring Tools
Measuring tools used for the purpose of measuring dimensions. These are imperative for implementing
any work with precision. These are used largely for carrying out different types of measurement.
Importance of measuring tools

Measuring tools are essential for examining a finished or semi-finished product. The inspection or
examination operations include checking or testing an object based on the required dimensions given on a
diagram or a sketch. The use of measuring tools can assure that the measurements taken are accurate.
Types of Measuring Tools:
1. T-Square
- is used as a guide in drawing horizontal lines and in measuring up to
48” straight line.
- is also used for guiding triangles when drawing vertical lines.
- It is made of wood, plastic or the combination of both.
- There are three (3) types of T-square, namely:
a) Fixed Head - The head is fastened to the blade. It is used for ordinary work.
b) Movable Head or Adjustable Head - It has one fixed and one adjustable head and used only for
occasional drawing.
c) Detachable Head or Removable Head - It is designed for comfort when carrying the T-square.
2. Triangles
- It is a three-sided ruler, which typically has two
equal sides meeting at a 90 degree angle and to a
third side at 45, 30, including 60 degree angles.
- Used for drawing vertical lines.
- It is usually made of plastic and comes in different
sizes. If in use, the base of the triangle must rest on
the blade of the T-square. Drawing a line always
starts from the point near the base going upward.
- Commonly used triangles are:
a) 30 degrees by 60 degrees
b) 45 degrees by 45 degrees
3. Triangular Scales
- This is a tool generally used when reproducing a drawing in an enlarged or
reduced form to some regular proportion. The architect’s scale is the most
commonly used for general drawing. Its main function is to reproduce the
measurements of an object in full size, reduced size, and enlarged size.
4. Ruler
- It is the most popular type of measuring tool. It is usually 6 or 12 inches in length. It is needed for
measuring sizes and distances.
5. Protractor
- It is a semi-circular instrument divided into 180 equal parts, each of which
is called a degree.
- It is used to determine gradations of the degrees when measuring arcs,
angles and circles.
6. Compass
- It is used when drawing arcs and circles. It is used in a similar way to a divider.
- It is composed of one with the pen leg and the needle point leg being held together with a
handle.
- This can be used for both penciling and inking.
7. Divider
- It is used when transferring measurements, dividing lines and arcs into the
desired number of equal parts. It can easily transfer accurate measurements
by adjusting the divider points. Constant correct practice is necessary before
doing an actual work for a quick and easy control when use.
8. Tape or tape ruler
- It is a concave, spring-steel blade ranging from 1/4" to 1" wide and 6 to about
300 feet in length, coiled inside a carrying case. Metric tape ruler comes in
comparable widths and lengths up to 10 meters. It provides an easy means for
accurately measuring curved surfaces.
How to take care of Drafting Materials and Measuring Tools?

Tools will last longer when properly kept and maintained. A good worker or draftsman keeps and takes
care of these tools. The following are some pointers.
1. Be sure to inspect tools before using them. This is to check if they are in working condition. This can be
detected when there is ease and speed when in use.
2. After using a tool, clean it thoroughly with a damp cloth. Wipe it dry with another piece of cloth before
keeping it.
3. When not in use, the T-square is preferably hung by inserting the hole to a nail (attached to a wall) at the
end of its blade.
4. Do not abuse or misuse any piece of drawing instruments.
5. Avoid throwing a tool to anybody; instead, hand it over to him carefully.
6. Avoid setting off the distances individually by moving the scale to a new position from time to time,
because slight errors in the measurements may accumulate and give rise to a large error.
7. Avoid unnecessary sliding of T-square or triangles protect the drawing. Pick up the triangle by its tip
and tilt the T-square blade upward slightly before moving.
8. Do not pull too much the steel tape of pull-push rule to the coil spring to avoid damage.
9. Oil the movable parts of the measuring tools such as zigzag rules, calipers, dividers, and compasses to
avoid stock-up.
10. Report defective measuring tools and any hazard to instructor immediately
Activity 1:
Direction: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer.
Column A Column B
______1. It is used to determine graduations of the degrees when measuring arcs, a. T-square
angles and circles.
______2. It is the most popular type of measuring tools, usually 6 or 12 inches in b. Protractor
length.
______3. It is used as a guide in drawing horizontal lines c. Triangle
______4. It is used for drawing vertical lines d. Triangular Scale
______5. It is used when reproducing a drawing in an enlarged or reduced form to e. Ruler
some regular proportion.
Activity 2:
Direction: Write T if the statement is true, otherwise, F if the statement is false.
__________1. Abuse or misuse any piece of drawing instruments.
__________2. Oil the movable parts of the measuring tools such as zigzag rules, calipers, dividers, and
compasses avoid stock-up.
__________3. After using a tool, clean it thoroughly with a wet and dirt cloth.
__________4. Be sure to inspect tools before using them to check if they are in working condition.
__________5. Avoid unnecessary sliding of T-square or triangles protect the drawing.
Performance Task:
Direction: By using the correct drafting materials and measuring tools, draw the geometrical figures below in a
short bondpaper. Be sure to make a border layout the same as what you have used in previous school
year (the same as what have shown below). Kindly attach your drawing in this activity sheet to avoid getting
lost.
1 in
Criteria for Assessment:

Criteria 5 points 3 points 1 point
Accuracy The output is very The output is The output is
satisfactorily and satisfactorily done with unsatisfactorily done
accurately done. some little inaccurate with mostly inaccurate
measurement. measurement.
Layout/Presentation The output is properly The output is laid out and The output is laid out but
laid out and very satisfactorily presented. unsatisfactorily
satisfactorily presented. presented.
Neatness The output is free from The output has one to The output has four or
any erasures. three erasures. more erasures.

Technical Drawing 8 (Q1-Week 2)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Technical Drawing 8 (Q1-Week 2)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Technical Drawing 8 (Q1-Week 2)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Technical Drawing 8

1st Quarter, Week 2

Topic: Drafting Materials and Measuring Tools, Its Uses/Functions

Importance of measuring tools

How to take care of Drafting Materials and Measuring Tools?

Criteria for Assessment:

You might also like