15-09-2021

Save Water

Water Conservation
Indian Green Building Council

Speaker: Ar. Praveen Soma, IGBC

Save Water

7 Billion of us share this precious resource

2

WWW.igbc.in 1
 15-09-2021

Traditional Save Water

Water
Conservation

Today

Save Water

WWW.igbc.in 2
 15-09-2021

Design Standards ? Save Water

Baseline for
Plumbing Fixtures

Water Conservation – 3 R Approach Save Water

REDUCE RECHARGE RECYCLE

WWW.igbc.in 3
 15-09-2021

Rainwater Harvesting Save Water

 Intent
Enhance ground water table & reduce municipal water
demand through effective RWH systems

 Compliance Option
 Design rainwater harvesting system to capture atleast
‘One-day Rainfall’ runoff volume from roof & non-roof
areas.

KONKAN, Save Water

MAHARASTRA

Annual Rainfall
1400 mm

EAST KHASI HILLS,

CHEERAPUNJEE

Annual Rainfall MALABAR COAST

11,430mm Annual Rainfall
2000 mm

WWW.igbc.in 4
 15-09-2021

LEH Save Water

Annual Rainfall
102mm

JAISALMER DELHI
Annual Rainfall 209mm Annual Rainfall 400mm
2019 year
9

1. Criteria to arrive at ‘One-day Rainfall’ Save Water

Average Peak Month Rainfall in “One-day Rainfall”

S.No.
mm (% of Average Peak Month Rainfall)

1 Upto 250 9%

2 251 – 350 7.5%

3 351 – 500 6%

4 501 – 700 4.5%

5 701 & above 3%

Higher the rainfall – Lower the harvesting volume

Lower the rainfall – Higher the harvesting volume

10

WWW.igbc.in 5
 15-09-2021

Criteria to arrive at Save Water

‘One-day Rainfall’

IMD Weather Data File : Mumbai

Average Peak Month Rainfall = (1241.7+1362.5+624.9+1029.8+1468.7) / 5
= 1145.52 mm or 1.1452 m

Criteria for One-day Rainfall for 700 mm and above = 3%

One day rainfall @ 3 % = 1.1452m * 3 % = 0.034 m
http://hydro.imd.gov.in/hydrometweb/(S(uzhgp5450xrxin45krdmrk55))/DistrictRaifall.aspx

11

2. Runoff Coefficients for Typical Surface Types

Save Water

Surface type Runoff Coefficient

Cemented / Tiled Roof 0.95
Roof Garden 0.5 – 0.1
Turf, Flat-to-steep 0.25 – 0.45
Mixed Vegetation, Flat-to-Steep 0.1 – 0.3
Concrete Pavement 0.95
Gravel Pavement 0.75
Open-grid Grass Pavement 0.5
Water Bodies (lined) Eg: Swimming pool 0.95
Water Bodies (un-lined) Eg: Harvesting pond 0

12

WWW.igbc.in 6
 15-09-2021

 Example 1: Tiled Surface

Save Water

 Example 2: Sand Surface

13

Rainwater Harvesting Calculation

Save Water

Runoff on Roof areas (Arrive at Impervious areas)

Roof Area: 5,000 x 0.95 = 4,750 sq.ft
Runoff on Non-Roof areas
Road Area : 4,000x0.75 (gravel): 3,000 sq.ft
Lawn Area: 6,000 x 0.5 ( Vegetation) : 3,000 sq.ft
Open Ground: 5000x0.5 (Vegetation) : 2,500 sq.ft
Total on Non-Roof Impervious Area: 8,500 sq.ft
Total Runoff : 1230 sq.m (roof & non-roof)
Site Area: 20,000 sq.ft,
City: Mumbai, Rainfall >700mm Runoff Volume = 1230 sq.m x 0.034M = 41 Cu.M
Break Up:
A. Roof Area : 5,000 sq.ft
B. Non-Roof Area (excluding building footprint)
Road Area: 4,000 sq.ft
Lawn Area : 6,000 sq.ft
Vegetation Open Ground: 5,000 sq.ft

Runoff Volume = Surface area x Runoff Coefficient x Rainfall

14

WWW.igbc.in 7
 15-09-2021

Rainwater Harvesting- Strategies

Save Water

Rainwater Harvesting
Green Schools

Percolating Rainwater to
Collecting Rainwater
Ground

Collection Pond Percolation Pit

Storage Tank Collecting to Bore Well

15

 Compliance Options Rainwater

Harvesting
Save Water

 Case: High Ground Water Table

 If the Central/ State Ground Water Board does not recommend artificial
rainwater recharge

 If the groundwater table is less than 8 meters

 Hydrogeological report to be submitted

16

WWW.igbc.in 8
 15-09-2021

Water Efficient Fixtures

Save Water

 Intent
 Minimise dependence on municipal and bore water,
thereby conserving water resources

 Compliance
 Use water efficient plumbing fixtures

 Flow rates to meet the baseline criteria in aggregate

17

Baseline for Water Fixtures

Save Water

* Reporting pressure for these fixtures shall be at 4 bar.

18

WWW.igbc.in 9
 15-09-2021

Old Closet 10 to 15 liters per Flush Dual Flush 6 / 3 liters per Flush
Save Water

Every Flush 30 to 40 % Water Savings

19

Conventional Sensor based

Save Water

Water Less

4 Liters Per Flush < 1 Liter per Flush

Replace cartridge after 7,000 uses

20

WWW.igbc.in 10
 15-09-2021

Conventional Taps Taps with Aerators

8 to 10 liters per minute 2 to 4 liters per minute Save Water

Opportunity to save 20 to 30 % Water

21

Select shower head with flow rates < 10 liters per minute
Save Water

Opportunity to save 20 to 30 % Water in Shower heads

22

WWW.igbc.in 11
 15-09-2021

Full Time Equivalent (FTE)

Save Water

 FTE represents a regular  Office Space

building occupant who  Permanent Occupants: 100
spends 8 hours/ day in the
 Transit Occupant:20
building
 Avg Time spent : 2 hrs
 Part-time or overtime
 FTE= [(20*2)/8]+
occupants have FTE values
based on their hours per day [(100*8)/8] =105

23

Landscape Design
Save Water

24

WWW.igbc.in 12
 15-09-2021

Landscape Design
Save Water

 Intent
 Design landscape to ensure minimum water consumption

 Compliance
 Select Native, Drought tolerant & Adaptive Species

Peepal Neem Jamun

25

Native Plants Drought Tolerant Adaptive Species

Save Water

Peepal Bougainvillea Fragnipani

Magnolia champaca
Golden champa
Mango Hibiscus Weeping bottle brush

26

WWW.igbc.in 13
 15-09-2021

Xeriscaping – Dry landscape

Save Water

KANHA Shantivanam, Hyderabad KANHA Shantivanam, Hyderabad

27

Management of Irrigation Systems

Save Water

 Intent
 Reduce water demand for irrigation through water efficient
management systems and techniques

 Compliance Options:
 Provide/ install highly efficient irrigation systems (minimum four
features)
 Central shut-off valve
 Soil moisture sensors & Timer based controls
 Segregate landscape areas, based on watering needs
 Drip irrigation system, to reduce evaporation
 Any other innovative methods for watering

28

WWW.igbc.in 14
 15-09-2021

Save Water

29

Sprinkler System : 60 % Efficient

Save Water

DRIP Irrigation: 90 % Efficient

30

WWW.igbc.in 15
 15-09-2021

WasteWater Treatment & Reuse

Save Water

 Intent
 Treat wastewater generated on-site
 To avoid polluting the receiving streams by safe disposal
 Use treated wastewater
 To reduce dependence on potable water

 Compliance Option

 Install on-site treatment system to handle 100% of

wastewater generated in the building
 Quality standards should comply with CPCB/State Pollution
Control Board norms

31

Save Water

32

WWW.igbc.in 16
 15-09-2021

Phytoremediation Save Water

 Investment Rs 50,000 per m3  Application

 No operating cost  Domestic sewage
 Payback: 3 to 5 yrs  Industrial wastewater
 Municipal wastewater

CII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre KANHA Shantivanam, Hyderabad

33

WasteWater REUSE
Save Water

Shrubs Flushing Cooling tower make-up

6 to 8 Lt/ Sq.mt 6/3 Baseline 8 Lt /Ton /Hour

34

WWW.igbc.in 17
 15-09-2021

Net Zero Water Building Save Water

‘Net Zero Water Buildings are those that

consume minimum raw water & produce
alternate water to meet the balance
requirement (and) give back such
quantities to the original sources for use,
so that the net annual water consumption
is zero’

35

Net Zero Water Building – Basic Criteria

Save Water

36

WWW.igbc.in 18
 15-09-2021

We never know the Save Water

worth of water
till the well is dry –
Thomas Fuller
Save Water

Ar. Praveen Soma,

Indian Green Building Council
email: praveen.soma@cii.in

37

WWW.igbc.in 19