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    ISONIAZID

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    Xerxes Dejito
    This document summarizes information about the drug Isoniazid (INH) including its classification as an anti-infective and antituberculosis agent. It is usually taken once daily or 2-3 times per week for 6 months to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis and disrupting the bacterial cell wall. Common side effects include nausea and vomiting while rare but serious adverse effects include neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Nursing responsibilities involve educating patients on monitoring for side effects, avoiding alcohol/certain foods, continuing medical checkups and taking pyridoxine supplements if needed.

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    ISONIAZID

    Uploaded by

    Xerxes Dejito
    490 views2 pages
    This document summarizes information about the drug Isoniazid (INH) including its classification as an anti-infective and antituberculosis agent. It is usually taken once daily or 2-3 times per week for 6 months to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis and disrupting the bacterial cell wall. Common side effects include nausea and vomiting while rare but serious adverse effects include neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Nursing responsibilities involve educating patients on monitoring for side effects, avoiding alcohol/certain foods, continuing medical checkups and taking pyridoxine supplements if needed.

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    This document summarizes information about the drug Isoniazid (INH) including its classification as an anti-infective and antituberculosis agent. It is usually taken once daily or 2-3 times per week for 6 months to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis and disrupting the bacterial cell wall. Common side effects include nausea and vomiting while rare but serious adverse effects include neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Nursing responsibilities involve educating patients on monitoring for side effects, avoiding alcohol/certain foods, continuing medical checkups and taking pyridoxine supplements if needed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    490 views2 pages

    ISONIAZID

    Uploaded by

    Xerxes Dejito
    This document summarizes information about the drug Isoniazid (INH) including its classification as an anti-infective and antituberculosis agent. It is usually taken once daily or 2-3 times per week for 6 months to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis and disrupting the bacterial cell wall. Common side effects include nausea and vomiting while rare but serious adverse effects include neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Nursing responsibilities involve educating patients on monitoring for side effects, avoiding alcohol/certain foods, continuing medical checkups and taking pyridoxine supplements if needed.

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    DRUG STUDY

    DRUG NAME: Isoniazid (Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide)


    BRAND NAME: Isotamine, Laniazid
    Classification: Antiinfective, Antituberculosis agent
    Dosage: 5 mg/kg (up to 300 mg) IM or orally once a day,
    or 15 mg/kg (up to 900 mg) 2 to 3 times a week for 6
    months
    Mechanism of Action:
    Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis. Causes disruption of bacterial cell wall, loss of acid-fast
    properties in susceptible mycobacteria. Active only during bacterial cell division. Therapeutic
    Effect: Bactericidal against actively growing intracellular, extracellular susceptible
    mycobacteria.
    Indications: Treatment of susceptible mycobacterial infection due to Mycobacterium
    tuberculosis. Drug of choice in tuberculosis prophylaxis. Used in combination with one or
    more other antitubercular agents for treatment of active tuberculosis.
    Contraindications:
    Contraindications: Acute hepatic disease, history of hypersensitivity reactions, hepatic injury
    or severe adverse reactions with previous isoniazid therapy. Cautions: Chronic hepatic disease,
    alcoholism, severe renal impairment. May be crosssensitive with nicotinic acid, other
    chemically related medications.
    Side Effects:
    Frequent: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain. Rare: Pain at injection site,
    hypersensitivity reaction.
    Adverse Effects:
    Neurotoxicity (ataxia, paresthesia), optic neuritis, hepatotoxicity occur rarely.
    Nursing Responsibilities:
    1. Inform to avoid eating tyramine-containing foods (e.g., aged cheeses, smoked fish) as
    it may cause palpitation, flushing, and blood pressure elevation.
    2. Withhold medication and notify physician if S&S of hepatotoxicity develop (e.g., dark
    urine, jaundice, clay-colored stools).
    3. Advise to avoid or at least reduce alcohol intake while on isoniazid therapy because of
    increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
    4. Instruct not to breast feed while taking this drug without consulting physician.
    5. Give in an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 after meals; may be given with food if GI
    upset occurs.
    6. Educate the patient to have periodic medical check-ups, including an eye examination
    and blood test, to evaluate the drug effects.
    7. Teach the patient to report for weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, n/v, yellowing of
    skin or eyes, darkening of the urine, numbness or tingling in hands or feet,
    8. Evaluate if the patient has had a previous allergic reaction to the drug
    9. Inform to have regular consultations with the doctor and arrange for daily pyridoxine
    in diabetic, alcoholic or malnourished patient also for patient that develops peripheral
    neuritis, and those with HIV.
    10. Ensure that the drug is taken in a single daily dose.

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