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    Class IX His CH 1 Notes SQs - HOTS

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    The document provides sample questions and answers about the French Revolution from a Social Science textbook for Class 9 students. It includes 13 short answer questions about key events and impacts of the French Revolution, such as the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille, and the introduction of rights like freedom of speech. The answers describe the revolutionary changes brought about in French society in areas like politics, economy, social equality and abolition of slavery.

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    Class IX His CH 1 Notes SQs - HOTS

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    The document provides sample questions and answers about the French Revolution from a Social Science textbook for Class 9 students. It includes 13 short answer questions about key events and impacts of the French Revolution, such as the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille, and the introduction of rights like freedom of speech. The answers describe the revolutionary changes brought about in French society in areas like politics, economy, social equality and abolition of slavery.

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    The document provides sample questions and answers about the French Revolution from a Social Science textbook for Class 9 students. It includes 13 short answer questions about key events and impacts of the French Revolution, such as the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille, and the introduction of rights like freedom of speech. The answers describe the revolutionary changes brought about in French society in areas like politics, economy, social equality and abolition of slavery.

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    72 views5 pages

    Class IX His CH 1 Notes SQs - HOTS

    Uploaded by

    TEAM SYNERGY
    The document provides sample questions and answers about the French Revolution from a Social Science textbook for Class 9 students. It includes 13 short answer questions about key events and impacts of the French Revolution, such as the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille, and the introduction of rights like freedom of speech. The answers describe the revolutionary changes brought about in French society in areas like politics, economy, social equality and abolition of slavery.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    ACADEMIC SESSION: 2021-2022

    CLASS: IX
    SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE (HISTORY)
    NOTES
    CHAPTER 1- THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
    SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

    Q1. “Ideas of liberty and democratic rights were the most important legacy of the French
    Revolution”.Explain the statement in the light of French Revolution.
    Ans. It can be explained as follows:
    (a) People of Third Estate demanded a society based on freedom and opportunities to all.
    (b) The National Assembly was formed in 1791 with an object to limit the powers of the monarch.
    (c) The Constitution framed in 1791 began with a Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens.
    (d) Censorship was abolished in 1789.

    Q2. Explain the impact of the French Revolution on the life of people of France.
    Ans. It can be explained as follows:
    (a) (i) Divorce was made legal, and could be applied by both women and men.
    (ii) Women could be now trained for jobs, could become artists or run small businesses.
    (b) (i) The Constitution of 1791 began with a Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
    (ii) It proclaimed that Freedom of speech and opinion and equality before law were natural
    rights of each human being by birth.
    (iii) These could not be taken away.
    (c) (i) Newspapers, pamphlets and printed pictures appeared steadily in the towns of French.
    (ii) From there, they travelled into the countryside.
    (iii) These publications described and discussed the events and changes taking place in the
    country.
    (All these points will be written in a three mark question… it is divided into points
    for easy learning)

    Q3. What compelled Louis XVI to raise taxes in France?


    Ans. The following situations were behind it:
    (a) Wars and Economic Crisis:
    (i) In 1774, when Louis XVI ascended the throne, he found an empty treasure.
    (ii) As the nation has been fighting wars for past seven years they have fallen into deep debt.
    (iii) In the Revolutionary War in America, France helped the 13 colonies to gain their
    independence from Britain.
    (iv) The war added more than a billion livers to a debt that was already huge.
    (b) Debt Trap:
    (i) Lenders, who gave credit to the state, now began to charge 10 per cent interest on loans.
    (ii) So the French government was obliged to spend an increasing percentage of its budget on
    interest payments alone.
    (iii) To meet its regular expenses, such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, running
    government offices or universities the state was forced to increase taxes.
    (c) Extravagant Court:
    (i) France under various kings had a extravagant court at the immense palace of Versailles.
    (ii) Its maintenance demanded huge money.
    (All these points will be written in a three mark question… it is divided into points for
    easy learning)

    Q4. How was the French society organized?


    Ans. The society was divided into three Estates:
    (a) The First Estate: It consisted of the clergymen and church-fathers.
    (b) The Second Estate: It consisted of landlords, men of noble birth and aristocrats.
    (c) The Third Estate: It consisted of the vast majority of the common masses, the landless
    peasants, servants, etc.

    Q5. Describe the status of the nobles in France before the revolution.
    Ans. The clergy and the nobles led a life of luxury and enjoyed numerous privileges. On the other hand,
    the peasants and workers lived a wretched life. They groaned under heavy taxes and forced labour. The
    middle- class comprising of lawyers, doctors, teachers, etc also suffered humiliation at the hands of the
    clergy and the nobles. This state of social inequality was the chief cause of the French Revolution.

    Q6. “The inequality that existed in the French Society in the Old Regime became the cause of
    French Revolution”. Justify the statement by giving three suitable examples.
    Ans. The examples are:
    (a) French Society was divided into three Estates.
     The First Estate comprised of clergy.
     The Second Estate comprised of nobility.
     The Third Estate comprised of businessmen, traders, merchants, artisans, peasants and
    servants.
    (b) The members of Church and nobility enjoyed certain privileges by birth, the most important
    being the exemption from paying taxes to the State.
    (c) Feudal dues were extracted by nobles from peasants and one-tenth of the agricultural produce
    of peasants, in the form of Tithes came to the share of clergy. All members of the Third Estate
    including peasants paid taxes, thus, the burden of financing activities of the state through
    taxes was borne by the Third Estate alone creating heavy discontentment.

    Q7. How did philosophers influence the thinking of the people of France?
    Ans. Philosophers influence the thinking of the people of France as:
    (a) Major changes were introduced in the Russian economy and agriculture after the revolution.
     Private property was abolished and land became a state property.
     Peasants had the freedom to cultivate on state – controlled land.
    (b) A proper system of centralized planning was introduced with the help of five year plans. It helped in
    bringing about technological improvements, economic growth and helped in removing the
    inequalities in the society.
    (c) The revolution acknowledged right to work and identified dignity of labour. Socialist economy
    added a new dimension to democracy, by attributing it as a socio-economic system.

    Q8. What was the role of philosophers and thinkers in the French Revolution? Explain by giving
    three examples.
    Ans. Their role can be explained as follows:
    (a) The philosophers and thinkers believed that no group in a society should be privileged by
    birth. They supported a society based on freedom and equal laws.
    (b) In his Two Treatises of government, John Locke sought to refute the doctrine of the divine
    and absolute right of the monarch.
    (c) Rousseau carried the idea forward, proposing a form of government based on a social
    contract between people and their representatives.
    (d) In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu proposed a division of power within the
    government between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary.

    Q9. Trace the event which led to the fall of Bastille.


    Ans. It can be described as follows:
    (a) On 20th June the representatives of the Third Estate assembled in the hall.
    (b) While the National Assembly was busy at Versailles drafting a constitution.
    (c) After spending hours in long queues at the bakery, crowds of angry women stormed into the
    shops. At the same time, the king ordered troops to move into Paris.
    (d) On 14 July, the agitated crowd stormed and destroyed the Bastille.

    Q10. Write three main features of the French Constitution of 1971.


    Ans. The three main features of the French Constitution of 1971 can be described as follows:
    (a) Powers of the National Assembly: The Constitution of 1791 vested the power to make laws in
    the National Assembly, which was indirectly elected. That is, citizens voted for a group of
    electors, who in turn chose the Assembly.
    (b) Right to Vote: Not all citizens, however, had the right to vote. Only men above 25 years of age
    who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourer’s wage were given the status of active
    citizens, that is they were entitled to vote. The remaining men and all women were classed as
    passive citizens.
    (c) Basic Rights: All the citizens were given some basic rights such as right to life, freedom of
    speech, freedom of opinion, equality before law. It was the duty of the state to protect each
    citizen’s natural rights.
    Q11. What was the Convention? Describe its role in France.
    Ans. The elected assembly formed in France in 1792 was called Convention.
    Role in France:
    (a) It abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic.
    (b) Hereditary monarch Louis XVI and his wife were sentenced to death Robespierre was elected
    President of the National Convention. He followed the policy of severe control and punishment.
    The French Revolution 19.

    Q12. Describe how abolition of slavery became possible in France.


    Ans. Abolition of slavery became possible in France by the following ways:
    (a) The slave trade began in the 18th century. The National Assembly held long debates about the
    rights of man should be extended to all French subjects including those in the colonies.
    (b) Convention legislated to free all slaves in the French overseas possessions.
    (c) However, Napoleon reintroduced slavery. Finally slavery was abolished in 1848.

    Q13. Trace rights which we are enjoying today had origin in the French Revolution.
    Ans. The following fundamental rights, given in the Indian constitution can be traced to the French
    Revolution :
    (d) The right to equality.
    (e) The right to freedom of speech and expression.
    (f) The right to freedom from exploitation.
    (g) The right to constitutional remedies.
    HOTS

    Q1. What measures were taken by Robespierre to bring equality in the French Society?
    Ans.: Measures are:
    (a) Robespierre government issued laws placing a maximum ceiling on wages and prices.
    (b) Peasants were forced to transport their grain to the cities and sell it at prices fixed by the
    government.
    (c) The use of more expensive white flour was forbidden; all citizens were required to eat the quality
    bread, a loaf made of whole wheat.
    (d) Equality was also sought to be practiced through forms of speech and address.
    (e) Churches were shut down and their buildings converted into barracks or offices.
    (f) Equality was also sought to be practiced through forms of speech and address.

    Q2. How did the peasants contribute to the outbreak of the French Revolution?
    Ans. Contribution of the peasants to the outbreak of the French Revolution:
    (a) The peasants had to pay various taxes to the government, to the nobles and to the Church.
    (b) They were subjected to forced labour, they had to work for free in the land of the nobles for three
    days in a week.
    (c) Crops were trampled by hunting parties of the nobles. As a whole, the administration was
    corrupt.

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