UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

International General Certificate of Secondary Education

*8949215965*

CHEMISTRY (US) 0439/33

Paper 3 (Extended) May/June 2013
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Center number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 12.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page.

IB13 06_0439_33/FP
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1 Substances can be classified as: Examiner’s
Use
elements mixtures compounds

Elements can be divided into:

metals non-metals

(a) Define each of the following terms.

(i) element

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) compound

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(iii) mixture

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Classify each of the following as either an element, compound or mixture.

(i) brass .................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) carbon dioxide ..................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) copper .................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Which physical property is used to distinguish between metals and non-metals?
It is possessed by all metals but by only one non-metal.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 9]

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2 One of the factors which determine the reaction rate of solids is particle size. Examiner’s
Use
(a) A mixture of finely powdered aluminum and air may explode when ignited.
An explosion is a very fast exothermic reaction. This causes a large and sudden increase
in temperature.

Explain each of the following in terms of collisions between reacting particles.

(i) Why is the reaction between finely powdered aluminum and air very fast?

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) Explain why for most reactions the rate of reaction decreases with time.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(iii) Suggest an explanation why the rate of reaction in an explosion could increase
rather than decrease with time.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) (i) Give another example of a substance other than a metal which, when finely
powdered, might explode when ignited in air.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Describe a simple test-tube reaction which shows the effect of particle size on the
rate at which a solid reacts with a solution.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 11]

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3 Iron from the blast furnace is impure. It contains 5% of impurities, mainly carbon, sulfur, Examiner’s
silicon and phosphorus. Almost all of this impure iron is converted into the alloy, mild steel. Use

(a) (i) State a use of mild steel.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Name and give a use of another iron-containing alloy.

name ..........................................................................................................................

use ....................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) The oxides of carbon and sulfur are gases. The oxides of silicon and phosphorus are not.
Explain how these impurities are removed from the impure iron when it is converted into
mild steel.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [5]

[Total: 8]

4 Germanium is an element in Group IV. The electron distribution of a germanium atom is

2 + 8 + 18 + 4. It has oxidation states of +2 and +4.

(a) Germanium forms a series of saturated hydrides similar to the alkanes.

(i) Draw the structural formula of the hydride which contains three germanium atoms
per molecule.

[1]

(ii) Predict the general formula of the germanium hydrides.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

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(b) Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of the valency electrons in one molecule of Examiner’s
the covalent compound germanium(IV) chloride, GeCl 4. Use

Use o to represent an electron from a chlorine atom.

Use x to represent an electron from a germanium atom.

[2]

(c) Describe the structure of the giant covalent compound germanium(IV) oxide, GeO2.
It has a similar structure to that of silicon(IV) oxide.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [3]

(d) Is the change GeCl 2 to GeCl 4 reduction, oxidation or neither? Give a reason for your
choice.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 9]

5 All metal nitrates decompose when heated. A few form a nitrite and oxygen. Most form the
metal oxide, oxygen and a brown gas called nitrogen dioxide.

(a) (i) Name a metal whose nitrate decomposes to form the metal nitrite and oxygen.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Complete the equation for the action of heat on lead(II) nitrate.

......Pb(NO3)2 → ......... + ......NO2 + O2 [2]

(iii) Suggest why the nitrate of the metal, named in (a)(i), decomposes less readily than
lead(II) nitrate.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

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(b) Almost all samples of nitrogen dioxide are an equilibrium mixture of nitrogen dioxide, Examiner’s
NO2, and dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4. Use

forward reaction
2NO2(g) N2O4(g)
reverse reaction
dark brown colourless

In the forward reaction, a bond forms between the two nitrogen dioxide molecules.

NO2 + NO2 → O2N – NO2

(i) Explain the term equilibrium mixture.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) The syringe contains a sample of the equilibrium mixture. The plunger was pulled
back reducing the pressure.
How would the color of the gas inside the syringe change? Give an explanation for
your answer.

equilibrium mixture

sealed end

gas syringe

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [3]

(iii) A sealed tube containing an equilibrium mixture of nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen
tetroxide was placed in a beaker of ice cold water.
The color of the mixture changed from brown to pale yellow.

Is the forward reaction exothermic or endothermic? Give an explanation for your

choice.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(iv) What other piece of information given in the equation supports your answer to (iii)?

NO2 + NO2 → O2N–NO2

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 12]

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6 Sulfuric acid and malonic acid are both dibasic acids. One mole of a dibasic acid can form Examiner’s
two moles of hydrogen ions. Use

H2SO4 → 2H+ + SO42–

Dibasic acids can form salts of the type Na2X and CaX.

(a) Malonic acid is a white crystalline solid which is soluble in water. It melts at 135 °C.
The structural formula of malonic acid is given below. It forms salts called malonates.

CH2(COOH)2 or HOOC – CH2 – COOH

(i) How could you determine if a sample of malonic acid is pure?

technique used ..........................................................................................................

result if pure ......................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) What is the molecular formula of malonic acid?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) When malonic acid is heated there are two products, carbon dioxide and a simpler
carboxylic acid. Deduce the name and molecular formula of this acid.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(iv) Malonic acid reacts with ethanol to form a colorless liquid which has a ‘fruity’ smell.
Its structural formula is given below.

O O

C CH2 C

CH3 CH2 O O CH2 CH3

What type of compound contains the group which is circled?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

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(b) (i) Suggest why a solution of malonic acid, concentration 0.2 mol / dm3, has a higher pH Examiner’s
than one of sulfuric acid of the same concentration. Use

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Describe a test, other than measuring pH, which can be carried out on both acid
solutions to confirm the explanation given in (b)(i) for the different pH values of the
two acids.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Complete the following equations for reactions of these two acids.

(i) sodium hydroxide + malonic acid → .................... + .................... [1]

....................

(ii) CuO + H2SO4 → .................... + .................... [2]

(iii) Mg + CH2(COOH)2 → .................... + .................... [2]

(iv) K2CO3 + H2SO4 → .................... + .................... + .................... [2]

[Total: 16]

7 Alkanes and alkenes are both series of hydrocarbons.

(a) (i) Explain the term hydrocarbon.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) What is the difference between these two series of hydrocarbons?

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) Alkenes and simpler alkanes are made from long-chain alkanes by cracking.
Complete the following equation for the cracking of the alkane C20H42.

C20H42 → 2C4H8 + 2C2H4 + ............... [1]

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(c) Alkenes such as butene and ethene are more reactive than alkanes. Examiner’s
Alkenes are used in the petrochemical industry to make a range of products, which Use
includes polymers and alcohols.

(i) Dibromoethane is used as a pesticide. Complete the equation for its preparation
from ethene.

H H

C C + Br2 →

H H
[1]

(ii) The structural formula of a poly(alkene) is given below.

CH3 CH3

C C

H H n

Deduce the structural formula of its monomer.

[2]

(iii) How is butanol made from butene, CH3 – CH2 – CH = CH2? Include an equation in
your answer.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(iv) Cracking changes alkanes into alkenes. How could an alkene be converted into an
alkane? Include an equation in your answer.

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

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(d) 20 cm3 of a hydrocarbon was burnt in 175 cm3 of oxygen. After cooling, the volume of Examiner’s
the remaining gases was 125 cm3. The addition of aqueous sodium hydroxide removed Use
carbon dioxide leaving 25 cm3 of unreacted oxygen.

(i) volume of oxygen used = .......... cm3 [1]

(ii) volume of carbon dioxide formed = .......... cm3 [1]

(iii) Deduce the formula of the hydrocarbon and the balanced equation for the reaction.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 15]

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BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2013 0439/33/M/J/13

© UCLES 2013
DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements
Group
I II III IV V VI VII 0
1 4
H He
Hydrogen Helium
1 2

7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
12

85 88 89 91 93 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

0439/33/M/J/13
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
55 56 57 * 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

226 227
Fr Ra Ac

Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
Francium Radium Actinium
87 88 89

140 141 144 150 152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175
*58-71 Lanthanoid series
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
90-103 Actinoid series Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
a a = relative atomic mass 232 238
Key X X = atomic symbol Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
b b = proton (atomic) number 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
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