What Is Data

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What is data ?

Data is a collection of raw, unorganized facts and details like text, observations, figures, symbols and
description of things etc. In other words, data does not carry any specific purpose and has no significance by
itself. Moreover, data is measured in terms of bits and bytes – which are basic units of information in the
context of computer storage and processing.

Data can be defined as a representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner, which


should be suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by human or electronic machine.

Data is represented with the help of characters such as alphabets (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9) or special
characters (+,-,/,*,<,>,= etc.)

What is Information?

Information is organized or classified data, which has some meaningful values for the receiver.
Information is the processed data on which decisions and actions are based.

For the decision to be meaningful, the processed data must qualify for the following characteristics −

Timely − Information should be available when required.

Accuracy − Information should be accurate.

Completeness − Information should be complete.


Data Vs. Information

Parameters Data Information

Description Qualitative Or Quantitative It is a group of data which carries


Variables which helps to news and meaning.
develop ideas or conclusions.
Format Data is in the form of numbers, Ideas and inferences
letters, or a set of characters.

Represented in It can be structured, tabular Language, ideas, and thoughts


data, graph, data tree, etc. based on the given data.

Meaning Data does not have any It carries meaning that has been
specific purpose. assigned by interpreting data.

Interrelation Information that is collected Information that is processed.

Feature Data is a single unit and is raw. Information is the product and
It alone doesn't have any group of data which jointly carry a
meaning. logical meaning.
Dependence It never depends on It depended on Data.
Information
Measuring unit Measured in bits and bytes. Measured in meaningful units like
time, quantity, etc.

Knowledge level It is low-level knowledge. It is the second level of knowledge.

Characteristic Data is the property of an Information is available for sale to


organization and is not the public.
available for sale to the public.
Dependency Data depends upon the Information depends upon data.
sources for collecting data.

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