MAN, CHURCH, SOCIETY

MAN AND SOCIETY

Social Trends and Issues in the Philippines Political Patronage/Patronage Politics
Top 10 Philippine Trends of 2020 • the appointment or hiring of a person to a government post on the
10. Mobile Gaming – due to the quarantine, mobile gaming is one of basis of partisan loyalty. It is a kind of "reward system" to the
the bonds families and friends could do in idle times. people who helped a political personality win and maintain office
9. Vlogging in the national, state, and local levels of government. It can also
8. Pride – the LGBTQ+ community in the Philippines has marched not be used to limit political opponents and those who are against
only on the streets but shown their expressions on every social media their party/system. This practice in politics embodies the notion:
platform you may be engaged with. “to the victor go the spoils.”
7. Fashion – fashion trend this year would be more about comfort. Political Dynasties
6. Social Media – 76 million active social media users; 71% of the • generally, refer to traditional political families or the practices by
population; 4hrs 12mins average time per day. these political families of monopolizing political power and public
5. Food Delivery - offices from generation to generation and treating the public
4. Face App elective office almost as their personal property.
3. Work-From-Home
Multi-Party System
2. Online Selling
• it is also called "multipartyism", which implies a party system that
1. Tiktok
has more than two parties. In multiparty systems, the legislature
Social Trends comprises several minority parties, resulting in coalitions or, less
often, minority government by the leading party. Obviously, a
• Social Trend is understood as an activity being participated by the
democratic regime in multi-party is “shaped” by the type of
society or the reaction of the society in lieu of certain aspects in
multipartyism. This is because different multi-party systems have
the community in general (Nemko, PhD, 2017), which can have a
different levels of fragmentation as well as different
short or longer impact. For the millennial, the word "FAD" could
competition/cooperation patterns, which have to be taken into
complement and be associated with the notion of 'social trend'. It
account while observing and analyzing the “level” of democracy
is a form of collective behavior that develops within a culture, a
in the country.
generation or social group in which a group of people
enthusiastically follows. That is why we have the timely notion of Vote Buying
"SANA ALL" (in our local context). • also understood as "electoral fraud", which is also a widespread
• The notion of "social trend" which was discussed above has a phenomenon. It is usually viewed as a purely economic exchange
great impact in terms of how the Philippine economy has been in which the voter sells his or her vote to the highest bidder. In
performing since then. The citizens' significant reactions to it are offering money, goods, or services there are three ways in which
already considered "trends" that affect their behaviors. Examples givers might hope to get recipients to vote, or not to vote, for a
of these attitudes are peoples' sentiments in reaction to whether particular candidate. First, givers might hope to produce
the economy succeeds or fails to provide their basic necessities instrumental compliance. If successful, recipients change their
especially in this time of the pandemic. To give us further electoral behavior in exchange for tangible rewards. Second,
information, let us watch the short video presentation on the givers may hope to generate normative compliance. If successful,
Philippine economy and determine the lights and shadows of the recipients change their electoral behavior because the offer
Philippine economy that greatly affect its citizens. convinces them of the goodness or worthiness of the candidate.
Third, givers may hope to generate coercive compliance by
Political Degeneration
bullying recipients into changing their electoral behavior. If
• This notion of Political Degeneration may find its roots in the successful, recipients fear retribution if they decline the offer. To
social contract theory which states that social classes within the recipients, the act of accepting an offer may hold a variety of
society vary in wealth and resources and that groups with greater meanings. It might constitute making a contract, securing
resources and means exert power over lesser groups through amends, receiving a gift, accepting an auction bid, recognizing
economic and brute force exploitation. Nonetheless, Political power, compromising one’s principles, acknowledging goodwill,
Degeneration has many ‘faces’ and ‘forms’ and that this exerted or more. In accepting or rejecting offers, or in changing or not
power by a certain group is manifested in many systems. changing their electoral behavior, recipients may be acting,
among other things, out of fear, duty, indignity, gratitude,
Political Degeneration: Fundamental Concepts
righteousness, or calculated self-interest.
According to Prof. Julius de Leonato the Political Science Department, Cultural Aspects
CEU, this notion of Political Degeneration finds its roots in the social
contract theory which states that social classes within the society Culture
varies in wealth and resources and that groups with greater resources • learned and shared behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, and values that
and means exert power over lesser groups through economic and characterize a particular society.
brute force exploitation. Nonetheless, Political Degeneration has many • Culture is shared.
‘faces’ and ‘forms’ and that this exerted power by a certain group is • We learn it from other people.
• Transmitted from one generation to the next.
manifested in many systems.
• It’s always changing.
• Also, about those set of rules that explain how people in that
culture should act.

BLOCK 2 | 2ND YEAR – 1ST SEMESTER (A.Y. 2021 – 2022)

Material Culture
• The things that are created by the people who live in a society.
Artifacts
• Things that ancient civilizations left behind that we can study.
Non-Material Culture
• The attitudes, beliefs, and the symbols that represent something
that is only understood by the people in that culture.
Norms
• Set of rules that explain how people in that culture should act.
Folkway
• The minor violations that if you violate these rules, people are
maybe disappointed but not very angry about it.
Mores
• The thing that is much more serious, that people would be much
more upset about, but you won’t het arrested for doing these
things.
Laws
• Violating these rules will result in the government, the police
arresting you, trying you in a court, or sending you to prison or
punishing you somehow.
Introduction to Philippine Culture
• 7,500 islands
• 2,000 inhabited
• Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao
• 17 Regions, 80 Provinces
• 70+ languages, 8 major dialects
Religion
• Asia’s largest Catholic population
• Highly admired and favored by Pope Francis
• 86% Roman Catholic
Values and Beliefs
• Filipinos are best known for their hospitality

BLOCK 2 | 2ND YEAR – 1ST SEMESTER (A.Y. 2021 – 2022)