এখােন ১১৯ ম ােথর এক সং হ আেছ। ৮২ ম াথ িনেয়িছ িবিভ প+আমােদর ছা একটা

মেস ার প থেক(ম াথ ািড প থেক)+ এ ামেভডা িফট লেস সকশন থেক

[Q-01]A bag contains 5 red and 7 white balls. Four balls are drawn out one by one and not
replaced. What is the probability that they are alternatively of different colours?

#Solution:

===

Probability of alternatively different color

(5/12)×(7/11)×(4/10)×(6/9)+ (7/12)×(5/11)×(6/10)×(4/9)

Note:Alternatively different color :

মােন থমটা রড হেল পেররটা হায়াইট, এভােব হায়াইেটর পর রড

RWRW+WRWR

===

[Q-02].A and B can finish a work, working on alternate days, in 19 days, when A works on
the first day. However, they can finish the work, working on alternate days, in 19 5/6 days,
when B works on the first day. How many days does A alone take to finish the work?

#Solution

===

10A+9B= 1_____[1]

10B +59A/6= 1____[2]

From [1] & (2]

60A+54B= 60B+59A

=> A= 6B

=> A:B= 6:1

ATQ,

69= 6T
=> T= 11.5[Answer]

===

[Q-03] A and B can complete a work separately in 9 and 12 days respectively. If they work
for a day alternately in how many days the work will be completed.

#Solution

===

A:B= 9:12[T]

A:B= 4:3[E]

Two days work = 4+3= 7 unit

(5×2)= 10 days work = 7×5= 35 unit

Remain= 1 unit in 1/4 days

Time needed = 10(1/4) days[Answer]

===

[Q-04] The price of each mango is tk.65 and the price of each guava is tk.45.Aslam buys
total 10mabgoes and guavas at an average price of tk56.how many mangoes must Aslam
put back &replace with guavas so that the average price if the pieces of fruit that he keeps
is 52 tk.

===

#Solution:

Apply Role of Allegations

Mango. ........ Guava

65___________45

_______56______

11_____________9

And

Mango __________Guava
65_______________45

________52________

7_________________13

So, he put back (11-7) or (13-9)= 4/2= 2 mangoes and replace with guava

[Answer]

===

[Q-05]A cricket team has won 40 games out of 60 played. It has 32 more games to play.
How many of these must the team win to make it record 70% win for the season??

#Solution

===

Let he won x match after wining = 40 match

Total match he will play = 60+32= 92

ATQ,

(40+x)/92= 70/100= 7/10

=> 400+10x= 644

=> 10x= 244

=> x= 24.4 or 24 match approximately [Answer.]

#Alternative:

===

Let, he won x match total

ATQ,

x/92= 7/10

=> 10x= 644

=> x= 64.4

So, he have to win = (64.4-40) = 24.4 or 24 match approximately [Answer ]

===

[Q-06] The average weight of 15 boys is decreased by 5 kg when, one of them weighing
112 kg is replaced by another one. This new one is again replaced by another, whose
weight is 15 kg higher than the person he replaced. What is the overall change due to this
dual change?

#Solution

===

Wt decrease by 5 kg that means total decrease = 15×5= 75 kg

So, Replaced man weight = 112-75= 37 kg

Now this man is replaced whose wt is 15 kg lower than the replaced man,

So Replaced man wt. = 37+15= 52 kg

So, Overall wt. Decrease = 112-52= 60 kg

Overall change per person= 60/15= 4 kg

[Answer]

===

[Q-07] Lokesh deposits some amount in a bank .He gets simple interest which is 1/8 of the
sum. If the number of years is equal to twice the rate percent per annum, then the rate
percent per annum is?

#Solution

===

Let, Sum= P

Simple interest= P/8

Number of years = x
Rate = 2x%

ATQ

P/8= P×2x^2/100

=> 100= 16x^2

=> x= 10/4= 2.5% [Answer]

===

[Q-08] A building worth Tk.133100 is constructed on land worth Tk.72900. After how many
years will the value of both be the same if land appreciates at 10% p.a. and building
depreciates at 10% p.a??

#Solution:

===

72900×(1+10/100)^n= 133100×(1-10/100)^n

=> 72900×(11/10)^n= 133100×(9/10)^n

=> (11/10)^n×(10/9)^n= 1331/729

=> (11/9)^n= (11/9)^3

=> n= 3 year

[Answer.]

===

[Q-09] .Two airticles are sold for Rs.30 each. On one,he losses 30 % & on the others he
earns a profit of 30 %.Find his loss /profit (in Rs) in the overall transaction

#Solution

===

30-30-900/100= -9%[9% loss] [Answer.]

===
[Q-10] A conical tent is required to accommodate 5 persons and each of them needs 16
cm^2 of space on the ground and 100 cubic metres of air to breathe. Find the vertical
height of the tent.

#Solution

===

Area of base = 5×16= 80 cm^2

Let, Radius = r

Height = h

So, Area = 80 cm^2

=> πr^2= 80 cm^2

And, Volume = 100×5= 500 m^3

=> (1/3)πr^2h = 500

=> 80 h= 1500

=> h= 75/4= 18.75 cm[Answer]

===

[Q-11] Find the cost of carpeting a room 13 m long and 9m broad with a carpet 75cm wide
at the rate of tk 12.40 per sq. metre.

#Solution

===

13×9×(4/3)×12.4= 39×4×12.4= 156×12.4= 1934.4[Answer.]

===

[Q-12]In a competitive exam, the number of passed students was four times the number of
failed students. If there had been 35 fewer appeared students and 9 more had failed, the
ratio of passed and failed students would have been 2 : 1, then the total number of
students appered for the exam

#Solution
===

P= 4×F

=> P:F= 4:1

Total Students= 5x-35

ATQ,

(x+9)/(5x-35)= 1/3

=> 3x+27= 5x-35

=> 2x= 62

=> x= 31

Appear = 5×31= 155[Answer.]

===

[Q-13] A & B enter into a partnership business. A supplies whole of the capital amounting
to taka 45000 with condition that profits to be equally divided and that B Pays A interest
on half of the capital at 10% per annum, but receives taka 120 per month for carrying the
concern. Find the total yearly profit when B's income is one-half of A's income

#Solution

===

B's income= (A/2)

=> A= 2B

=> A:B= 2:1[Income Ratio]

B paid A = 22,500/10= 2250

B receive = 120×12= 1440

Profit will be shared by both in same quantity.

Let, Shared profit = P

A wiil received = P/2

And,
B will received = P/2

Since,

B get an interest of 1440 & given A to 2250 then B profit will be= (P/2)+1440-2250

= (P/2)-810

And,

A will be received in Total

= (P/2)+2250

ATQ,

{(P/2)+2250}/{(P/2)-810}= 2/1

=> (P+4500)/(P-1620)= 2/1

=> P+4500= 2P-3240

=> P= 7740

So, (A+B) profit in total = P+2250-810

= 7740+1440= 9180[Answer]

===

[Q-14] A boat goes 12 km downstream and return to the strating point in 180 minutes. If
the speed of the stream is 3 km/hr. Then what will be the speed of boat in still water?

#Solution

===

Let, Boat speed, = x

ATQ,

12/(x+3) + 12/(x-3)= 3

=> (12x-36+12x+36)= 3(x^2-9)

=> 24x= 3x^2-27

=> 3x^2-24x-27= 0
=> x^2-8x-9= 0

=> x^2-9x+x-9= 0

=> x(x-9)+1(x-9)= 0

=> x= 9

So, Boat speed = 9 km/hr[Answer]

===

[Q-15] The wages of labourers in a factory increases in the ratio 22:25 and there was a
reduction in the number of labourers in the ratio 15:11. Find the original wage bill if the
present bill is Rs. 5000

#Solution

===

Ration of two numbers now= 22×15:25×11

= 2×3:5

= 6:5

Now,

5==5000

6==6000[Answer]

===

[Q-16]A garments factory employs 3 categories of workers, K, M & N. The efficiency of the
3 categories of worker to do a specific task is in the ratio of 3:5:6 respectively & the factory
employs 15 of category K, 12 of category M & 3 of category N. If the total wages paid to the
entire group of workers is tk 492 per hour,what will be the wages earned by a category N
worker for an 8 hour day?

#Solution

===

M:K:N= (15×3:12×5:3×6)= 45:60:18

N in 1 hr= 492×(18/123)= 72
N in 8 hr= 72×8= 576

So, N, 1 worker = 576/3= 192[Answer]

===

[Q-17] In a 100 litre mixture of milk and water, the % of water is only 20%. The milkman
gave 25 litres of this mixture to a customer and then added 25 litres of water to the
remaining mixture. What is the % of milk in the final mixture

#Solution:

===

Initial Mixture= 100 L

Water = 20 L

Milk = 80 L

Milk now = 80- 25×(4/5)= 80-20= 60

% of Milk = 60×100/100= 60%[Answer]

===

[Q-18] Three cats are roaming in a zoo n such a way that when cat A takes 5 steps, B takes
6 steps and C takes 7 steps. But the 6 steps of A are equal to the 7 steps of B and 8 steps
of C. what is the ratio of their speeds

#Solution

===

A:B:C= 5:6:7

And,

6A= 7B= 8C= x

=> A:B:C= 1/6:1/7:1/8= 28:24:21

So, Ration of speed = (5×28):(24×6):(21×7)

= 140:144:147

[Answer]
===

[Q-19] In a group of 60 probationary officers, 40% of them were prompted , 12 of them were
terminated and rest of them were placed on probation for the second time. What
percentage of the probationary officers placed on probation for second time?

#Solution

===

Promoted = 60×(2/5)= 24

Terminated= 12

Remain = 60-36= 24

Percentage= 24×100/60= 24×(5/3)= 40%[Answer]

===

[Q-20] A sum of Rs. 210 was taken as a loan. This is to be paid back in two equal
installments.lf the rate of interest be 10% compounded annually, then the value of each
installment is

#Solution

===

Let, Each installment = x

ATQ,

x/(1+10/100)^2 + x/(1+10/100)= 210

=> x×(10/11)×(10/11)+ x×(10/11)= 210

=> x(10/11)(21/11)= 210

=> x= 210×(11/10)×(11/21)

=> x= 121[Answer.]

===

[Q-21] In a fort, there are 1200 soldiers. If each soldier consumes 3 kg per day, the
provisions available in the fort will last for 30 days. If some more soldiers join, the
provisions available will last for 25 days given each soldier consumes 2.5 kg per day. Find
the number of soldiers joining the fort in that case

#Solution

===

Let, Extra Men added= M

ATQ,

(1200×3×30)= (M+1200)×25×5/2

=> 2400×90-1200×25×5= 15×5×M

=> M= 528

So, Men added = 528[Answer]

===

[Q-22] Paint needs to be thinned to a ratio of 2 parts paint to 1.5 parts water. The painter
has by mistake added water so that he has 6 litres of paint which is half water and half
paint. What must he add to make the proportions of the mixture correct

#Solution:

===

Paint:Water = 2:1.5

= 2:(3/2)= 4:3

ATQ

3+x/3= 4/3

=> 9+3x= 12

=> 3x= 3

=> x= 1

So, 1 L paint should be added[Answer.]

===

[Q-23] Mr. Kamal and his wife get a rise of 8% percent annually in their income.Kamal get a
raise of 800tk while his wife get 840 tk.What is difference between their income after the
raise?

#Solution

===

8%= 800

=> 100%= 10000

And,

8%= 840

=> 100%= 10,500

Diff. = (10,500-10000)= 500[Answer]

===

[Q-24] Alloy A contains 40% gold and 60% silver. Alloy B contains 35% gold and 40% silver
and 25% copper. Alloys A and B are mixed in the ratio of 1:4 .What is the ratio of gold and
silver in the newly formed alloy is

#Solution

===

A::- G:S= 40:60

B::-G:S:C= 35:40:25

New, G:S= (1×40+4×35):(40×4+1×60)

= 180:220

= 18:22=9:11[Answer. ]

===

[Q-25] A man saves 200 Tk at the end of each year and lends the money at 5% compound
interest. How much will it becomeat the end of 3 years?

#Solution

===

He lends money each year means,

First 200 Tk. for 3 years +2nd 200 tk for 2 years + third 200 tk for one year .

It will become= 200×(1+5/100)³+200×(1+5/100)²+200×(1+5/100)

= 200{(21/20)³+(21/20)²+(21/20)}

= 662.03[Answer. ]

===

[Q-26] The CI on 20480 Tk at 6(1/4)% per annum for 2 years 73 days is?

#Solution:

===

1 year=365 days

73 days = 73/365= 1/5 year

Interest Rate = (25/4)%

So, CI = 20,480×(1+25/400)²(1+5/400)-204,80

= 2929 TK [Answer. ]

===

Note, 1 year Interest rate = 25/4%

1/5 year interest rate = (25/4)×(1/5)= (5/4)%

[Q-27]The compound interest on 2800TK for 18 month at10% interest per annum.

#Solution:

===

Time, n= 18 month= 18/12 year=1(1/2) year

CI = 2800×(1+10/100)(1+5/100)-2800

= 28×(11/10)×(21/20)-2800

= 434 [Answer. ]

===
[Basic Formula:

If the interest rates are R1, R2, R3 for ist, 2nd &3rd year respectively

Then Amount A= P×(1+R1%)(1+R2%)(1+R3%)

Here 18 month interest means interest for 1 year and 6 month.

Since the rate is annually , So first year interest rate 10% , and 2nd year(Six month) which
is half of a year that means interest rate 10/2=5%]

[Q-28] What would be the compound interest accrued on an amount of Rs. 8000 at the rate
of 15% p.a. in three years?

#Solution

===

Let, the principle= P

Interest rate=r%

ATQ,

P×(1+r/100)³-P= 8000×(1+15/100)³-8000

= 8000×(23/20)×(23/20)×(23/20)-8000

=12167-8000=4167[Answer. ]

===

[Basic formula:

If the principle is P, interest r%, Amount after n years ,

A= P×(1+r/100)^n

Interest = P×(1+r/100)^n-P when, Compounded annuallay ]

[Q-29] Two pipes can fill a tank in 20 and 24 minutes respectively and a waste pipe can
empty 3 gallons per minute. All the three pipes working together can fill the tank in 15
minutes. The capacity of the tank is

#Solution
===

Ist pipe:2nd pipe:Combined 3= 20:24:15[T]

Ist pipe:2nd pipe:Combined 3= 6:5:8[Eff.]

So, Waste pipe [E]= (6+5-8)= 3

Let, Capacity = 20×6= 120

ATQ,

3T= 120

=> T= 40 min

So, The capacity of Tank = 40×3= 120 gallons[Answer.]

===

[Q-30] A leak in the bottom of a tank can empty the full tank in 8 hours. An inlet pipe fills
water at the rate of 6 liters a minute. When the tank is full, the inlet is opened and due to
the leak, the tank is empty in 12 hours. How many liters does the tank hold

#Solution

===

(Inlet+Outlet):Outlet= 12:8[T]

(Inlet+Outlet):Outlet= 2:3[Eff.]

Inlet eff. = (3-2)= 1

Let, Capacity = 24 Unit

ATQ,

1×T= 24

=> T= 24 hr

So, Tank hold= 24×60×6= 24×360= 8640L

[Answer]

===

[Q-31] A person sold a tube light at tk 85.25 in such a way that his percentage profit is the
same as the cost price of the Tube light. If he sells it at twice the percentage profit of his
previous percentage of the profit then the new selling price will be.
#Solution:

===

%Profit= CP

=> (SP-CP)×100/CP= CP

=> (85.25-CP)×100= CP^2

=> 8525-100CP= CP^2

=> CP^2+100CP-8525= 0

=> CP^2+155CP-55CP-8525= 0

=> CP= 55

So, CP= 55

New % Profit= 110%

New SP= (21/10)×55= 115.5[Answer]

===

[Q-32] An elevator starts with 4 passenger and stops at 7 floors of an apartment.Find the
probability that all 4 passengers travel to different floor?

#Solution

===

7th floor =7/7

6 th floor = 6/7

5 th floor = 5/7

4th floor = 4/7

So, P= (7×6×5×4)/(7×7×7×7)

[Answer]
===.

[Q-33] The ratio of number of girls to the number of boys is the 5: 2 in a class of 21
students. A group of three students is to be selected at random amongst them. What is the
probability that the selected group of students contain one boy and two girls?

#Solution

===

Number of boys= 21×2/7= 6

Number of girls = 21×5/7= 15

Probability of one boy and two girls = 6C1×15C2/21C3= 45/266[Answer]

===

[Q-34]Two joggers left Delhi for Noida simultaneously. The first jogger stopped 42 min
later when he was 1 km short of Noida and the other one stopped 52 min later when he was
2 km short of Noida. If the first jogger jogged as many kilometers as the second and the
second as many kilometers as the first, the first one would need 17 min less than the
second. Find the distance between Delhi and Noida.

#Solution:

===

Let,

Total distance = x km

1st jogger speed = v=d/t

=(x-1)/(42/60)

2nd jogger speed =(x-2)/(52/60)

Atq,

2nd jogger cross =(x-1) km

1st jogger cross = (x-2) km

Now,

(x-1)/[(x-2)/ (52/60)] -(x-2)/[(x-1)/(42/60)] =17/60

=> (x-1)*52/(x-2)- 42*(x-2)/(x-1)= 17

=> (x-1)^2*52-42*(x-2)^2= 17*(x-1)(x-2)

=> 52x^2-104x+52-42x^2+168x-168= 17(x^2-2x-x+2)

=> 10x^2+64x-116= 17x^2-51x+34

=> 7x^2-51x-64x+34+116= 0

=> 7x^2-115x+150= 0

=> 7x^2-115x +150 =0

=> 7x^2-105x-10x+150=0

=> (x-15)(7x-10)=0

=> x=15 km ( Ans)

===

[Q-35] A man spent 1/2 of his money and lost 1/4 of the remainder. He was left with taka
3,600. How much did he start with?

#Solution:

===

Let, Total Money = 24

Spent = 24/2= 12

Lost = 12/4= 3

So, Remain = 24-15= 9

Now,

9===3600

24==24×400= 9600[Answer]

===
[Q-36]. Tap A fills a tank in 4 hours whereas tap B empties the full tank in 24 hours. A and
B are opened alternately for 1 hour each. Every 2 hour the level of water is found to
increase by . 5m. The depth of the tank is

#Solution

===

Let, Capacity = 24 L

Eff. A:B= 6:1

In 2 hr = (6-1)= 5 unit

Now,

5 ===0.5

24==24×0.5/5= 12/5= 2.4 m

[Answer.]

===

[Q-37].A train passes two bridges of lengths 500 m and 250 m in 100 seconds and 60
seconds respectively. The length of the train is

#Solution:

===

Let, Length of Train = L

ATQ,

(L+500)/100= (L+250)/60

=> (L+500)/5= (L+250)/3

=> 3L+1500= 5L+1250

=> 2L= 250

=> L= 125 m

So, Length of Train = 125 m[Answer]

===

[Q-38] A cistern has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe.The inlet pipe fills the cistern
completely in 1 hour 20 minutes when the

outlet pipe is plugged. The outlet pipe

empties the tank completely in 6 hours

when the inlet pipe is plugged.If there is a

leakage also which is capable of draining

out the water from the tank at half of the

rate of the outlet pipe, then what is the time

taken to fill the empty tank when both pipe

are opened.

#Solution:

===

Inlet takes = 80 min

Outlet takes= 360 min

Leakage = 720. Min

Inlet:Outlet:L= 80:360:720[T]

Inlet:Outlet= 9:2:1

Let, Capacity= 360×2= 720 L

ATQ,

(9-2-1)×T= 720

=> T= 720/6= 120 min or 2 hours [Answer.]

===

[Q-39] Two pipes A and B can fill a cistern in 12 minutes and 15 minutes respectively while
a third pipe can empty the full cistern in 6 minutes. A and B are kept open for 5 minutes in
the beginning and then C is also opened. In what time is the cistern emptied

#Solution

===

A:B:C= 12:15:6[T]
A:B:C= 5:4:10[E]

Let, Capacity = 12×5= 60 L

In 5 min (A+B) fill = 5×(5+4)= 45 unit

ATQ,

T×(5+4-10)= 45

=> T= 45 min

So, Total Time needed= 45+5 min= 50 min

[Answer]

===

[Q-40] A, B and C enter into partnership by making investments in the ratio 3: 5:7. After a
year, C invests another Tk. 337600 while A withdraws Tk.45600. The ratio of investments
then changes to 24:59:67.

How much does A invest initially?

#Solution

===

Let, A:B:C= 3x:5x:7x

After 1 year C investment = 7x+337600

After 1 year A investment = 3x-45,600

ATQ,

(3x-45600)/5x= 24/59

=> 59×(3x-45,600)= 120x

=> 177x-120x= 45600×59

=> 57x= 45600×59

=> x= 800×59= 47,200

A initial investment = 47,200×3= 141600[Answer.]

===

[Q-41]:A starts from a place at 11.00 A.M. and travels at a speed of 4 kmph, B starts at
1.00 P.M. and travels with speeds of 1 kmph for 1 hour, 2 kmph for the next 1 hour, 3 kmph
for the next 1 hour and so on. At what time will B catch up with A?]

#Solution

===

A start 2 hr earlier. In that time A goes =4×2= 8 km

B start at 1.00 P.M.

In 1.00-2.00 distance between them = 8+4-1= 11

In 2.00-3.00 distance between them =

11+4-2= 13 km

In 3.00-4.00 distance between them = 13+4-3= 14 km

In 4.00-5.00 distance between them = 14+4-4= 14 km

In 5.00-6.00 distance between them = 14+4-5= 13 km

In 6.00-7.00 distance between them = 13+4-6= 11 km

In 7.00-8.00 distance between them = 11+4-7= 8 km

In 8.00-9.00 distance between them = 8+4-8= 4 km

Now Remain distance = 4 km

Relative speed= (9-4)= 5 km/hr

T= 4/5= 48 min

So, they meet at 9:48 P.M[Answer.]

===

[Q-42] An express train travelled at an average speed of 100 kmph, stopping for 3 minutes
after 75 km. A local train travelled at a speed of 50 kmph, stopping for 1 minute after every
25 km. If the trains began travelling at the same time, how many kilometres did the local
train travel in the time it took the express train to travel 600 km?

#Solution

===

Express train time needed = (600/100)+7×3 min

= 6 hr 21 min= 381 min

Local train speed = 50 km/hr

In every 31 min it goes= 25 km

So, in (31×12)= 372 min it goes = 25×12= 300 km

Remain Time = 9 min

In that time it goes= 9×50/60= 45/6= 7.5 km

So, Total distance = 300+7.5= 307.5 km

[Answer.]

===

[Q-43] A motorboat in still Water travels at a speed of 36 km/ hr. It goes 56 km upstream in
1 hour 45 minutes. The time taken by it to cover the same distance down the stream will be
:

#Solution_

===

Let, boat speed = x

Stream speed = y

56 km upstream in = 1(3/4)= 7/4 hr

Speed = 56×4/7= 32 km/hr

So, x-y= 32

=> 36-y= 32

=> y= 4 km/hr

So, Downstream speed= 36+4= 40 km/hr

So, Time needed= 56/40= 14/10=7/5= 1(2/5)hr or 1 hr 24 min[Answer.]

===

[Q-44] A, B and C can do a work together in a certain number of days. If A leaves after half
the work is done, then the work takes 4 more days for completion, but if B leaves after half
the work is done, the work takes 5 more days for completion. If A takes 10 more days than
B to do the work alone, then in how many days can C alone do the work?
[ A,B,C এক কাজ িনিদ িদেন শষ কের। যিদ A অেধক কাজ শষ করার পর চেল যায় বািক
কাজ স হেত চারিদন বিশ সময় লােগ িক যিদ B অেধক কাজ শষ করার পর চেল যায় তাহেল
কাজ স করেত আেরা পঁাচিদন বিশ সময় লােগ। যিদ স ূণ কাজ করেত A, B এর থেক
১০ িদন বিশ সময় নয়, তাহেল C স ূণ কাজ একা কতিদেন শষ করেত পারেব?]

#solution_

===

Let,

A+B+C= x days

(B+C), 1/2 work in = (x/2+4)days

Full work= (x+8) days

Similarly

(A+C), 1/2 work= x/2+5 days

Full work = (x+10) days

Since,

1/A+1/B+1/C= 1/x

=> 1/A= 1/x-1/x+8

= (x+8-x)/x*(x+8)= 8/x*(x+8)

So A, 8/x*(x+8) part in= 1 days

1 part in = x*(x+8)/8 days

Similarly,

1/B= 1/x-1/(x+10)= 10/x*(x+10)

: B= x*(x+10)/10

ATQ,

x*(x+8)/8- x*(x+10)/10= 10
=> [5x(x+8)-4x(x+10)]= 400

=> 5x^2+40x-4x^2-40x= 400

=> x^2= 400

=> x= 20

So, A= 20*(20+8)/8= 70

B= 20*(20+10)/10= 60

Now,

1/A+1/C= 1/30

=> 1/30-1/70= 1/C

=> 7-3/210= 1/C

=> 1/C= 4/210

C, 4/210 part in= 1 days

1 part in= 210/4= 52.5 days[Answer.]

===

.[Q-45] Mr X signed a contract for building a road for 1920 meters long within 120 days.He
employed 160 workers for this task.But after 24 days he found that only 1/8 of the task has
been finished .If Mr.X wants to finish the road in time how many additional workers he has
to employ ?

#Solution:

===

Total work = (24×160×8)

Let, Extra Men = M

ATQ,

24×160+96×(M+160)= 24×160×8

=> 86M = 24×160×8-24×160-96×160

=> M= 120

Additional Men= 120[Answer]

===

[Q-46]If A completes 2/3 part of a work in 6 days, C completes 1/4 part of the work in 3
days and B completes 1/3 part of the work in 2 days. Then find in how many days A and C
together will complete 2/3 part of the work?

#Solution

===

A= 6×3/2= 9 days

C= 4×3= 12 days

A:C= 4:3[Eff.]

ATQ,

(4+3)×T= 36×2/3

=> 7T= 24

=> T= 24/7 days[Answer]

===

[Q-47] A man covers a distance on scooter by 3 kmph faster and takes 40 min less. But if
he decrease his speed by 2 kmph then he is 40 min late. Find the distance.

#Solution:

===

Let, Distance= D km

Speed = V km/hr

ATQ,

D/(V) - D/(V+3)= 2/3_____[1]

And,

D/(V-2)-D/V= 2/3_________[2]
From [1] &[2]

D/V-D/(V+3)= D/(V-2)-D/V

=> 2/V= (V+3+V-2)/(V+3)(V-2)

=> 2(V^2-2V+3V-6)= V×(2V-1)

=> 2V^2+2V-12-2V^2-V= 0

=> V= 12 km/hr

Put this value into [1]

D/12 -D/15= 2/3

=> D/60= 2/3

=> 3D= 120

=> D= 40 km[Answer]

===

[Q-48] ramesh has a container filled completely with 80 % milk and 20 % water. 5 litres of
thesolution is removed and replaced with water. then, 1 5 litres of this solution is removed
andreplaced with water. the milk percentage is now 55%. which of the following can be
thecapacity of the container (in litres)

#Solution:

===

Let, initial = x

Milk Initial = 4x/5

ATQ,

4x/5*(1- 5/x)(1-15/x)= 55% of x

=> 4/5*(x-5)(15-x)= 11x^2/20

=> 16(x^2-15x-5x+75)= 11x^2

=> 16(x^2-20x+75)= 11x^2

=> 16x^2-320x+ 1200-11x^2= 0

=> 5x^2-320x+1200= 0

=> 5x^2-300x-20x+1200= 0

=> x= 4,60

4 can not be, since already added 20 L, so solution must be greater than 20.

So, initial = 60 L[answer.]

===

[Q-49]P, Q and R are three typists who working simultaneously can type 216 pages in 4
hours. In one hour, R can type as many pages more than Q as Q can type more than P.
During a period of five hours, R can type as many pages as P can during seven hours. How
many pages does each of them type per hour ?

#Solution:

P+Q+R= 216/4= 54______[1]

R-Q= Q-P

=> R+P= 2Q

Put this value into [1]

2Q+Q= 54

=> Q= 18 page/hr

And,

5R= 7P

=> R= (7P/5) ; put this value into [1]

P+18+(7P/5)= 54

=> 12P/5= 36

=> P= 15 page/hr

So, R= 7×15/5= 21 page/hr

===
[Q-50] To do a piece of work, B takes 3 times as long as A and C together and C twice as
long as A and B together. If A, B and C together can complete the works in 10 days, how
long would A take alone to complete it?

#Solution

===

B:(A+C)= 1:3[eff.]= 3:9

C:(A+B)= 1:2[eff.]= 4:8

A eff. = (8-3)= 5

ATQ,

A×5= 10×(3+9)

=> A= 120/5= 24 days[Answer]

#Alternative

===

Let, B takes= 3x days

(B+C) takes = x days

ATQ,

1/3x +1/x= 1/10

=> 4/3x= 1/10

=> x= 40/3 days

So, B takes = (40/3)×3= 40 days

Again,

Let, C takes = 2y days

(A+B) takes = y days

ATQ,

1/2y+1/y= 1/10

=> 3/2y= 1/10

=> 2y= 30

So, C takes = 30 days

Lcm of 10, 30,40= 120

Eff.

(A+B+C):B:C= 12:3:4

So, A= (12-3-4)= 5

Time needed= 120/5= 24 days[Answer]

===

.[Q-51] A milk vendor has 2 cans of milk. The first contains 25% water and the rest milk.
The second contains 50% water. How much milk should he mix from each of the containers
so as to get 12 litres of milk such that the ratio of water to milk is 3 : 5?

#Solution;

===

Milk : Water = 75:25[1st]

Milk :Water = 50:50[2nd]

Milk:Water= 3:5= 37.5:62.5[Final]

(75-37.5):(62.5-25)= 37.5:37.5= 1:1

So, 12×1/2= 6 L each[Answer ]

===

[Q-52] Devide tk 1050 among A, B and C such that A receives 2/5 as much as B and C
together and B receives 3/7 as much as A and C together

#Solution

===

A:(B+C)= 2:5

A got = 1050×2/7= 300

B:(A+C)= 3:7

B got = 1050×(3/10)

= 315

C got = 1050-615=435

A+C=(300+435)= 735[Answer.]

===

.[Q-53]A tap can fill a tank in 6 hours. After half the tank is filled, three more similar taps
are opened. What is the total time taken to fill the tank completely

#Solution:

===

Let The capacity of tank = 6 L

So, Eff. = 1

Half fill in = 6/2= 3 hr

Now, pipe = 4

Per hr can fill = 4 L

Total time = 3+(3/4)= 3 hr 45 min[Answer.]

===

[Q-54] A shopkeeper marks up his goods by 20% and then gives a discount of 20%. Besides
he cheats both his supplier and customer by 100 g, i.e., he takes 1100 g from his supplier
and sells only 900 g to his customer. What is his net profit percentage? (Rounded off to
two decimal points)

#Solution:

===

Applying MF;

100×(6/5)×(4/5)×(11/10)×(10/9)-100= 117.33-100= 17.33%[Answer.]

===

[Q-55] A 72 litres of mixture of water and milk in the ratio of 4: 5. Then adding some
amount of water and the volume of the mixture is increased by 88 liters. The quantity of
the milk is how much percentage more or less than of water in the final mixture?

#Solution:

===

Milk = 72×5/9= 40

Water = 72×4/8= 32

New volume = (72+88)= 160 L

Water there = (32+88)= 120 L

Milk less than water = (120-40)= 80 L

% less = 80×100/120= 2×100/3= 200/3% [Answer.]

==

[Q-56] Three pipes A,B and C attached to a cistern. A can fill it in 10 min, B in 15 min, C is a
waste pipe for emptying it. After opening both the pipes A and B, a man leaves the cistern
and returns when the cistern should have been just full. Finding, however, that the waste
pipe had left open, he closes it and the cistern now gets filled in 2 min. In how much time
the pipe C, if opened alone, empty the full cistern?

#Solution:

===

A & B together can fill the tank = 30/(3+2)= 6 min

So, 6 min = 1 part

2 min = 1/3 part

So, 1/3 part by Pipe C in = 6 min

=> 1 part by pipe C in = 6×3= 18 min[Answer]

===

[Q-57] ravi can walk a certain distance in 40days when he rests 9hours a day.how long will
he take to walk twice the distance, twice as fast and rest twice as long each day?

#Solution:

===
Let, Ravi speed per hr = x km/hr

In 40 days he took 9 hr rest every day so total time of travelling = 40×(24-9)×x

= 600x

Now, Distance is twice that means = 1200 x

Travel per day = (24-18)= 6hr

Speed twice that means = 2x

So time needed = 1200x/12x= 100[Answer.]

===

.[Q-58]If two pipes function simultaneously, the reservoir will be filled in 12 hours. The
second pipe fills the reservoir 10 hrs faster than the first. How many hrs does it take the
second pipe to fill the reservoir?

#Solution:

===

Let, Capacity of reservoir = V unit

Both pipe can fill per hour = V/12 unit

First pipe can fill in 1 hr = V/t

2nd pipe can fill in 1 hr = V/(t-10)

ATQ,

V/t+ V/(t-10)= V/12

=> (t-10+t)×12= t×(t-10)

=> 24t-120= t^2-10t

=> t^2-34t+120= 0

=> t= 30,4

If t= 30, (t-10)= 20

If t= 4; (t-4)= 0[Can not be possibe]

So, second pipe takes = 20 hr[Answer.]

===
.[Q-59] Tank A is filled to 1/4th of its capacity while Tank B is filled to 1/8th of its capacity.
The content from both tanks are transferred to Tank C which is filled to 1/2th of its
capacity. If twice the content of Tank B is equal to the content in tank A, what is the ratio of
the capacity of Tank A to Tank C?

#Solution:

===

A contents capacity = 2×B contents capacity

=> A:B= 2:1

So,C= (2+1)= 3

Capacity of C= 3×2= 6

A Capacity = 2×4=8

A:C= 8:6= 4:3

[Answer.]

===

[Q-60]while covering a distance of 24kn,a man noticed that after walking for 1 hour and 40
minutes, the distance covered by him was 5/7 of the remaining distance. what was his
speed in meters per second?

#Solution:

===

Remain distance = (24-D)

Initially cover = D

In 5/3 hour cover,D= 5/7(24-D)

= (120-5D)/7

So,

7D= 120-5D

=> 12D= 120

=> D= 10 km

So, (5/3) hr = 10 km

In 1 hr= 10×3/5= 6 km/hr= 6×(5/18)= 5/3 m/s[Answer]

===

.[Q-61] A farmer wishes to start a 100 sq.m rectangular vegetable garden. Since he has
only 30 m barbed wire, he fences three sides of the garden letting his house compound
wall act as the fourth side fencing. The dimension of the garden is

#Solution:

===

Let, Length = L

Breadth = B

ATQ,

L×B= 100_____[1]

And,

2L+B= 30

Or,

2B+L= 30

If 2L+B= 30

Then, B=30-2L

Put this value into [1]

(30-2L)×L=100

=> 30L-2L^2-100= 0

=> 2L^2-30L+100=0

=> L^2-15L+50=0

=> L=10,5

If L=10, B= 10

If L= 5 ;B= 20[Breadth can not be greater than Length ]

Again,

If, 2B+L= 30

=> L= 30-2B

Put this value into [1]

B×(30-2B)= 100

=> 30B-2B^2-100= 0

=> 2B^2-30B+100= 0

=> B^2-15B+50=0

=> B= 10,5

If B= 10,L= 10

If B= 5, L= 20

The Dimension of garden be, (10,10) or (20,5)[Answer.]

===

[Q-62] A bag contains some white and Black Balls.The probability of picking two white balls
one after other without replacement from that bag is 14/33.Then what will be the
probability of picking two black balls from that bag if bag can hold maximum 15 balls only?

#Solution:

===

Total ball = (W+B)

ATQ,

WC2/(W+B)C2= 14/33= 7*2/3*11

=> W*(W-1)/(W+B)(W+B-1)= (8/12)*(7/11)

So, W/W+B= 8/12

W+B= 12

W=8

B= 4
Probability of Black = (4/12)*(3/11)= 1/11[Answer.]

===

[Q-63]A person leaves his home everyday at 11:00 am and reaches his office at 12:00 pm.
One day he left his house at normal time but traveled the first half of the distance at speed
of 2/3 of the normal speed. What should be the speed of second half so that he reaches at
the same time?

#Solution:

===

Let, Distance = 6 km

Speed= 6 km/hr.

First half distance = 6/2 = 3 km

(2/3) normal speed =6×(2/3)= 4 km/hr

So, 3 km in = 3/4 hr

Time remain = 1/4 hr

Distance Remain= 3 km

Speed =3×4 = 12 km/hr[Answer.]

So speed is twice than the first

===

[Q-64]A man rides a bicycle at the speed of 20 kmph and reaches the office at 15 minutes
late. If he increases his speed by 5 kmph and reaches the office in time, then what is the
distance between house and office?

#Solution:

===

Let, The distance between home & office= D

ATQ,

D/20-15/60= D/25

=> D/20-D/25= 1/4

=> D/100= 1/4

=> 4D= 100

=> D= 25 km[Answer ]

===

#Alternatives:

===

Let, Actual time= t

ATQ,

20×(t+1/4)= 25t

=> 20t+5= 25t

=> 5t= 5

=> t= 1 hr

So, Distance = 25×1=25 km[Answer.]

===

.[Q-65]The length of train X is 600 m . And it crosses train Y running in opposite direction in
36 seconds and train X also crosses a man standing in a platform in 36 seconds. What is
the speed of train Y if the length of train Y is half of train X?

#Solution:

===

Length of Train X= 600 m

Length of Y= 600/2= 300 m

Let, Speed of Train X= X

Speed of Train Y= Y

ATQ,

(600+300)= (X+Y)×(5/18)×36

=> (X+Y)×10= 900

=> (X+Y)= 90_____[1]

And,

600= X×(5/18)×36

=> 10X= 600

=> X= 60

So, Speed of Y= 90-60= 30 km/hr[Answer.]

===

[Q-66] What is the rate of interest on the amount Rs. 20000 invests in the compound
interest scheme for 2 years and the amount obtained after 2 years is Rs. 26450?

#Solution:

===

Let, Rate of interest = R

ATQ,

20,000×(1+R)²= 26,450

=> (1+R)²= 26,450/20,000

=> (1+R)²= 2645/2,000

=> (1+R)²= 529/400

=> 1+R= 23/20

=> R= 3/20= 3×(100/20)%= 15%

[Answer.]

===

[Q-67]A road was constructed along the fence of a rectangular plot,measuring 20 ft.long
and 16ft.wide.The width of the road was 2ft.Trees were planted 2ft.apart on both sides of
the road. How many trees were planted?

[Dutch Bangla BanK PO - 2003 ]

#Solution:
===

Number of trees = 2×22+2×18

= 44+36= 80

===

[Q-68]After working for 15 days Adam realises that only 60% of the work is over and he
employs Pat who is half as efficient as Adam to help him. When will the task be completed

#Solution:

===

Adam can do the work in = 15×(5/3)= 25 days

So Pat = 50 days

Adam:Pat = 2:1[Eff.]

ATQ,

(2+1)×T=(2/5)×50

=> 3T = 20

=> T= 20/3 days

Total time taken = 15 +20/3

= 65/3 days

===

[Q-69]If P and Q work together, they will complete a job in 7.5 days.However, if P works
alone and completes half the job and then Q takes over and completes the remaining half
alone, they will be able to complete the job in 20 days. How long will Q alone take to do the
job if P is more efficient than Q ?

#Solution:

===

1/P+1/Q= 2/15

=> (P+Q)×15= 2PQ----[1]

And,

P/2+Q/2= 20

=> P+Q= 40

=> P= 40-Q

Put this value into [1]

(40-Q+Q)×15= 2Q×(40-Q)

=> 600= 80Q-2Q^2

=> Q^2-40Q+300= 0

=> Q^2-30Q-10Q+300= 0

=> Q= 30,10

Since Q is less efficient Q take = 30 days

[Answer.]

===

.[Q-70]If 12 candies are sold for tk. 10 then there is a loss of X%. If 12 candies are sold for
Tk. 12 then there is a profit of x%. What is the value of x?

#Solution:

===

Let, CP = CP

Profit and loss percentage in both case is same.

ATQ,

(CP-10)/CP= (12-CP)/CP

=> CP^2-10CP= 12CP-CP^2

=> 2CP^2= 22CP

=> CP= 11

Value of x= (11-10)×100/11= 100/11%

===

Mental Approach:

Since Profit and loss be same. Then CP value must be lies between 10 to 12.There is only
value between 10-12 is 11.

So, x= (11-10)×100/11= 100/11%

[Answer ]

===

.[Q-71] A boat takes 19 hours for travelling downstream from point A to point B and coming
back to a point C midway between A and B. If the velocity of the stream is 4 kmph and the
speed of the boat in still water is 14 kmph, what is the distance between A and B??

#Solution:

===

A========C=======B

Let, AB= 2D

AC= D

ATQ,

2D/(4+14) + D/(14-4)= 19

=> D/9+D/10= 19

=> 19D= 19×90

=> D= 90 km

Distance between A&B= 90×2= 180 km [Answer.]

===

[Q-73] A, B and C can complete a work in 12, 15 and 25 days respectively. A and B started
working together whereas C worked with them every third day. Find the number of days
required to complete the work?(NM#19)

#Solution:

===
A:B:C= 12:15:25[T]

A:B:C= 25:20:12[Eff.]

Let, Total work = 12×25= 300

Working scheduled for 3 days = 2(A+B)+A+B+C

= 2×(25+20)+25+12

= 147 unit in _3 days

So, 294 unit in = 6 days

Remain 6 unit in = 6/45= 2/15

Time total = 6(2/15)

===

[Q-73] Profits of a business are divided among three partenrs A,B,C in such a way that 4
times the amount received by A is equal to 6 times of B and 11 times of C.The ratio in
which the three received the amount is--

#Solution:

===

4A= 6B=11C

=> A:B:C= 1/4:1/6:1/11= 132/4:132/6:132/11

= 33:22:12[Answer]

===

[Q-74]The probability of rolling any number on a weighted 6 sided die, with faces numbered
1 through 6, is directly proportional to the number rolled. What is the probability of getting
5, if the die is rolled only once?

#Solution:

===

probability = individual probability / total probability = 5/(1+2+3+4+5+6)= 5/21

[N.B: Weighted probability means :: For example, if you were rolling a single six-sided die,
you would have the same probability of rolling a one as rolling any other number because
each number will come up one out of six times

Now,

Probability of rolling a 1 = 1 * m ( let m be any multiplier)

similarly rolling 2 = 2* m

..

rolling 6 = 6 * m

These are the possible outcomes and since the probability must be 1

so add these possible outcomes : 1m + 2m + . . . + 6m = 1

or m = 1/21]

[Q-75]Three acids A, B and C are mixed in the ratio 4:5:6 respectively, to from a chemical
for washing white clothes. The quantity of chemical is altered so that the ratio of acids A&B
is 1/3 and the ratio of the acids B&C is made 2/3, the new ratio of all three can now be used
to form a chemical for washing colored clothes. What is the total volume of new chemical
solution formed if it contains 30ml of acid B? (Math#18)

#Solution:

===

A:B:C= 4:5:6[15]
= 68:85:102

New,

A:B= 1:3= 2:6

B:C= 2:3= 6:9

A:B:C= 2:6:9[17]

= 30:90:135

90==30

255= 255/3= 85 mL

===

[Q-76]The final exam of a particular class makes up 40% of the final grade, and Moe is
failing the class with an average (arithmetic mean) of 45% just before taking the final
exam. What grade does Moe need on his final exam in order to receive the passing grade
average of 60% for the class? Math#১৯(Ans : 82.5%)

#Solution:

===

Let, Total Marks = 100

Final marks = 40

Remain = 60

Moe obtains= 60×(9/20)= 27

Have to obtain = (60-27)= 33 out of 40

%= 33×(5/2)= 165/2= 82.5%

[Answer.]

===

[Q-77]Suppose you deposit tk 10000 on January 1.2013 at 12.50% interest rate for 1years.
On july 1 2013 tk 15000 at 12 interest rate for 6 months and on October 1, 2013'tk 20000
at 11.5% interest ratevfor 3 months. Supposed you withdrawal all deposits including due
interest on December 31.2013. Calculated over all annual rate of interest you have
received??

#Solution:

===

Investment of TK 10,000 for 12 months

Investment of TK 15000/2 for 12 month

Investment of TK 2000/4 for 12 month

So, Total Amount= 10,000+7500+500= 22,500 gives

Interest of = 10,000×1×(1/8)+ 7,500×12/100

+ 5000×(11.5/100)

= 1250+ 900+ 575= 2725 interest

Percent interest = 2725×100/22500= 12.11%[Answer]

===

[Q-78]There are three boxes each containing 3 Pink and 5 Yellow balls and also there are 2
boxes each containing 4 Pink and 2 Yellow balls. A Yellow ball is selected at random. Find
the probability that Yellow ball is from a box of the first group?

#Solution:

===

No.of pink in first group = 3*3=9

No. of yellow in first group=3*5=15

No. Of pink in 2nd group = 2*4= 8

No. Of yellow in 2nd group = 2*2= 4

Total box= 5
Favourable outcome = 3/5*15/24= 3/8

Total outcome

3/5*15/24 + 2/5 * 2/6= 61/120

Probability = (3/8)/(61/120)

= 3/8 * 120/61= 45/61

===

[Q-79]A dealer offers a cash discount of 20% and still makes a profit of 20% when he
further allows 16 articles to be sold at the cost price of 12 articles to a particular sticky
bargainer. How much percent above the cost price were his articles

#Solution:

===

12 article CP= 1200[Assume]

Per piece CP= 100

12 articles at DP= 1200×(4/5)

= 960

Since he Sold 16 articles instead of 12

Price per each = 960/16= 60 and there gain by 20%

CP= 60×(5/6)= 50

Actual CP = 50

Above cost price = 50×100/50= 100%

===

[Q-80]The ratio of women to children at a certain party is 2 to 5 and the ratio of children to
men is 3 to 4. If there are more than 13 and less then 20 women at the party, what is the
number of men at the party?
(NM#18)

#Solution:

===

W:C= 2:5= 6:15

C:M= 3:4= 15:20

More than 13 less than 20

Means 14 to 19

18 is divisible by 6

So women = 18

6==18

20==60

===

[Q-81]Cost price of 12 oranges is equal to the selling price of 9 oranges and the discount
on 10 oranges is equal to the profit on 5 oranges. What is the percentage point difference
between the profit percentage and discount percentage?

#Solution:

===

12CP= 9SP

=> CP:SP= 9:12

And, CP= (3SP/4)

Profit percentage = 9×100/12= 33(1/3)%

And,

10D= 5P

=> P= 2D

=> P = 2(MP-SP)
=> SP-CP= 2(MP-SP)

=> SP-(3SP/4)= 2(MP-SP)

=> (4SP-3SP)/4= 2MP-2SP

=> SP= 8MP-8SP

=> 9SP= 8MP

=> MP:SP= 9:8

So, DP= (9-8)×100/9= 11.11%

Diff. = (33.33-11.11)= 22.22%

===

[Q-82]Three men A, B, C working together can do a job in 6 hours less time than A alone, in
one hour less time than B alone and in one half the time needed by C when working alone.
Then A and B together can do the job in:

#Solution:

===

Let, (A+B+C)= t

A= (t+6)

B= (t+1)

C= 2t

ATQ,

1/(t+6) +1/(t+1) + 1/2t= 1/t

=> (t+1+t+6)/(t+1)(t+6)= (2-1)/2t

=> (2t+7)×2t= t^2+6t+t+6

=> 4t^2+14t= t^2+7t+6

=> 3t^2+7t-6= 0

=> 3t^2+9t-2t-6= 0

=> t= 2/3
A= (2/3)+6=20/3

B= (2/3)+1= 5/3

LCM of 20/3. 5/3= 20/3

Eff. A:B= 1:4

ATQ,

5 T= 20/3

=> T= 4/3 hr

===

[Q-83]A bottle contains (3/4) of milk and the rest water. How much of the mixture must be
taken away and replaced by an equal quantity of water so that the nixtude has half milk and
half water?

#Solution:

Milk : Water = 3/4:1/4

= 3:1

Let Replace = x

Milk now = 3/4- 3x/4

= (3-3x)/4

Water now = 1/4-x/4+ x

= (1-x+4x)/4= (3x+1)/4

ATQ,

3-3x= 3x+1

=> 6x= 2

=> x= 1/3

===

[Q-83]One test tube contains some acid and another test tube contains an equal quantity of
water. To prepare a solution, 20 g of the acid is poured into the second test tube. Then,
two-thirds of the so formed solution is poured from the second test tube into the first. If
the fluid in the first test tube is four times that in second, what quantity of water was taken
initially.

#Solution:

===

Let, First & 2nd test tube each contain= x gm

Step 1:

20 gm is poured into second.

First now= x-20

2nd now= x+20

Step 2:

First now= x-20+(x+20)×(2/3)

2nd now = (x+20)/3

ATQ,

(x-20) +(x+20)×(2/3)= (4/3)×(x+20)

=> (3x-60+2x+40)/3= (4x+80)/3

=> (5x-20)= (4x+80)

=> x= 100 gm

So, Initial water= 100 gm

[Answer.]

===

Profit & Loss; Source:Examveda;Section-01

[Q-84] David sells his Laptop to Goliath at a loss of 20% who subsequently sells it to
Hercules at a Profit of 25%. Hercules, after finding some defect in the laptop, returns it to
Goliath but could recover only Rs. 4.50 for every Rs. 5 he had paid. Find the amount at
Hercules' loss if David had paid Rs. 1.75 lakh for the laptop.

#Solution
===

David CP = 1.75 lakh

David SP= 1.75×(4/5)= 1.4 lakh

Golith SP= (5/4)×1.4= 1.75 lakh

Hercules CP = 1.75 lakh

Harcules SP = 4.5×1.75/5= 1.575 lakh

Loss = (1.75-1.575)=.175 lakh=. 175×100000= 17,500[Answer]

===

[Q-85] A vendor sells his articles at a certain profit percentage. If he sells his article at
(1/3) of his actual selling price, then he incurs a loss of 40%. What is his actual profit
percentage?

#Solution

===

Let, Cost Price = CP

Selling Price = SP

ATQ,

CP- (1/3)SP= 40% of CP

=> CP -(1/3) SP= 2CP/5

=> 15CP-5SP= 6CP

=> 9CP= 5SP

=> CP:SP= 5:9

% profit = (9-5)×100/5= 80%

[Answer]

===

.[Q-86] Arun bought toffees at 6 for a rupee. How many for a rupee he should sell to gain
20%?

#Solution

===

6×(5/6)= 5[Answer]

==

[Q-87] The cost of servicing of a Maruti car at Maruti care Pvt. Ltd. is Rs. 400. Manager of
service centre told me that for the second service within a year a customer can avail a 10%
discount and further for third and fourth servicing he can avail 10% discount of the
previous amount paid, within a year. Further if a customer gets more than 4 services within
a year, he has to pay just 60% of the servicing charges on these services. A customer
availed 5 services from the same servicing station, what is the total percentage discount
fetched by the customer?

#Solution:

===

The cost of servicing a car with discount=

{400+400×(9/10)+400×(9/10)×(9/10)+400×(9/10)×(9/10)×(9/10)+400×(3/5)}

=400+360+324+ 291.6+240= 1615.6

Without Discount = 400×5= 2000

So, Discount = (2000-1615.6)= 384.6

% Discount = 384.6×100/2000= 19.22%[Answer.]

===

[Q-88] The cost price of 19 articles is same as the selling price of 29 articles. What is loss
percentage?

#Solution

===

CP of 19 = SP of 29
=>CP:SP= 29:19

Loss percentage = (29-19)×100/29= 34.48%[Answer.]

===

[Q-89]The price of an article reduces to 576 after two successive discounts. The markup is
80% above the cost price of Rs. 500. What is the new profit percentage if instead of two
successive discounts the markup price was further increased successively two times by
the same percentage?

#Solution

===

CP= 500

MP= 500*9/5= 900

ATQ,

(100-D)% of (100-D)% of 900= 576

=> (100-D)^2×900/10,000= 576

=> (100-D)^2×9/100= 576

=> (100-D)^2= 57600/9

=> (100-D)^2= 6400

=> (100-D)=√6400= 80

=> D= 100-80= 20%

New MP= (6/5)×(6/5)×900= 1296

Profit = 796

%= 796×100/500= 159.2%[Answer]

===

[Q-90] A dishonest trader marks up his goods by 80% and gives discount of 25%. Besides
he gets 20% more amount per kg from wholesaler and sells 10% less per kg to customer.
What is the overall profit percentage?
#Solution:

===

Applying MF,

100×(9/5)×(3/4)×(6/5)×(10/9)-100= 180-100= 80%[Answer.]

===

[Q-91] The profit percentage on three articles A, B and C is 10%, 20%, and 25% and the ratio
of the cost price is 1 : 2 : 4. Also the ratio of number of articles sold of A, B and C is 2 : 5 :
2, then overall profit percentage is:

#Solution

===

Let, CP are 10,20,40

Total CP = 2×10:5×20:2×40[Since numbers of articles 2:5:2]

= 20:100:80

Total CP = 200

SP = {20×(11/10)+100×(6/5)+80×(5/4)}

= (22+120+100)

= 242

Profit = (242-200)= 42

% profit = 42×100/200= 21%[Answer.]

===

[Q-92] The accountants of a company show sales of Rs. 12,600. The primary cost is 35% of
sales and trading cost accounts for 25% of the gross profit. Gross profit is arrived at by
excluding the primary cost plus the cost of advertising expenses of Rs. 1400, director's
salary of Rs. 650 per annum plus 2% annual sales as miscellaneous costs. Find the
percentage profit (approx) on a capital investment of Rs. 14,000?

#Solution

===
Total sales = 12,600

Primary cost = 12,600×(7/20)= 4410

Gross profit = 12,600-4410-1400-650-(1/50)×12,600

= 12,600-4410-1400-650-252= 5888

Trading Cost = 5880×(1/4)= 1472

So, Profit = 5880-1472= 4416

% Profit = 4416×100/14,000= 31.54%[Answer]

===

[Q-93] A dishonest shopkeeper, at the time of selling and purchasing, weighs 10% less and
20% more per kilogram respectively. Find the percentage profit earned by treachery.
(Assuming he sells at Cost Price)

#Solution:

===

Applying MF,

100×(10/9)×(6/5)-100= 133.33-100= 33.33%[Answer.]

===

[Q-94] A pharmaceutical company made 3000 strips of tablets at a cost of Rs. 4800. The
company gave away 1000 strips of tablets to doctors as free samples. A discount of 25%
was allowed on the printed price. Find the ratio profit if the price is raised from Rs. 3.25 to
Rs. 4.25 per strip and if at the latter price, samples to doctors were done away with. (New
profit / Old profit).

#Solution

===

Old profit = (3000-1000)×(3/4)×3.25-4800= 4875-4800= 75

New Profit = 3000×(3/4)×4.25-4800=9562.5-4800= 4762.5

Ratio= 4762.5/75= 63.5:1= 635/10:1

= 635:10= 127:2[Answer]
===

[Q-95] An article costing Rs. 20 was marked 25% above the cost price. After two
successive discounts of the same percentage, the customer now pays Rs. 20.25. What
would be the percentage change in profit had the price been increased by the same
percentage twice successively instead reducing it?

#Solution:

==

Here CP= 20

MP= 20×(5/4)= 25

ATQ,

25×(100-x)/100× (100-x)/100= 20.25

=> (100-x)^2= 20.25×400= 8100

=> 100-x= 90

=> x= 10%

Profit here= (20.25-20)= 0.25

New MP = 25×(11/10)×(11/10)= 30.25

Profit= (30.25-20)= 10.25

Difference of Profit= 10.25-0.25= 10

Percentage change in Profit = 10×100/0.25

= 10×100×4= 4000%[Answer.]

===

[Q-96] A pen company produces very fine quality of writing pens. Company knows that on
average 10% of the produced pens are always defective so are rejected before packing.
Company promises to deliver 7200 pens to its wholesaler at Rs. 10 each. It estimates the
overall profit on all the manufactured pens to be 25%. What is the manufactured cost of
each pen?

#Solution

===

7200×10×(4/5)×(1/8000)
= 7.2[Answer]

===

[Q-97] A company charges a fixed rental of Rs. 350 per month. It allows 200 calls free per
month. Each call is charge at Rs. 1.4 when the number of calls exceed 200 per month and it
charges Rs. 1.6 when the number of calls exceeds 400 per month and so on. A customer
made 150 calls in February and 250 calls in march. By how much percent each call is
cheaper in March than each call in February.

#Solution:

===

Price of each call in February = 350/150= 7/3= 2.33

Price of each call in March = (350+50×1.4)/250= 1.68

Cheaper = (2.33-1.68)×100/2.33= 27.9%[Answer]

===

[Q-98] In the Bargaining Bazar everyone purchase with a fair bargaining, so the traders
markup the prices too much. A trader marked up an article at Rs. M expected huge profit if
it is sold on marked price. But a customer purchased it at M/2 with his fine bargaining
skills, so the expected profit of the trader diminished by 66.66%. What is the percentage
discount fetched by the customer through bargaining?

#Solution

===

Let, M= 100

ATQ,

(100-x)% of 100= 100/2= 50

=> 100-x=50

=> x= 50%[Answer]

===

[Q-99] An egg seller sells his eggs only in the packs of 3 eggs, 6 eggs, 9 eggs, 12 eggs etc.,
but the rate is not necessarily uniform. One day Raju (which is not the same egg seller)
purchased at the rate of 3 eggs for a rupee and the next hour he purchased equal number
of eggs at the rate of 6 eggs for a rupee. Next day he sold all the eggs at the rate of 9 eggs
for Rs. 2. What is his percentage profit or loss?
#Solution:

===

3 eggs CP = 1

=> 1 egg CP= 1/3

In the next hour he purchase 6 egges per rupee.

1 egg CP= 1/6

So, 2 egg CP = (1/3+1/6)= 3/6= 1/2

=> 1 egg CP = 1/4

Again,

9 eggs SP = 2

=> 1 eggs SP = 2/9

Loss= (1/4-2/9)= (9-8)/36

%Loss = (1/36)×4×100= 100/9= 11.11%[Answer]

===

[Q-100] Find the selling price of goods if two salesmen claim to make 25% profit each, one
calculating it on cost price while another on the selling price, the difference in the profits
earned being Rs. 100 and selling price being the same in both the cases?

#Solution

===

CP1:SP1= 100:125= 400:500

CP2:SP2= 75:100= 375:500

ATQ,

(400-375)x= 100

=> 25x= 100

=> 500x= 2000

So, Selling Price= 2000 [Answer]

===
[Q-101] A watch costing Rs. 120 was sold at a loss of 15%. At what price was it sold?

#Solution

===

SP= 120×(17/20)= 102[Answer]

===

[Q-102] The cost of setting up a magazine is Rs. 2800. The cost of paper and ink etc is Rs.
80 per 100 copies and printing cost is Rs. 160 per 100 copies. In last month 2000 copies
were printed but only 1500 copies could be sold at Rs. 5 each. Total 25% profit on the sale
price was realized. There is one more resource of income from magazine which is
advertising. What sum of money obtained from the advertising in magazine?

#Solution

===

Total Cost = 2800+ 20×80+20×160= 7600

Let, Advertising Cost = C

SP of 1500= 1500×5= 7500

ATQ,

SP - CP = Profit

=> (7500+C)-7600= (1/4)×7500

=> C-100= 1875

=> C= 1975[Answer]

===

[Q-104] A person bought a certain quantity of rice at the rate of Rs. 150/quintal. 10% of the
rice was spoiled. At what rate(per quintal) should he sell the remaining rice to earn 20%
profit

#Solution:

===

1 Quintal CP= 150

But 10 % spoliled, thus remain Quantity = 0.9 Qunital

At 20% profit SP = 150×(6/5)= 180

So, Now 0.9= 180

1= 180×1×10/9= 200 Rs [Answer.]

===

[Q-105] A trader sells two brands of petrol; one is Extra Premium and other one i