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Subject: Chemistry (Paper-II) Invigilator’s Signature: .........................
Date: 13.09.2021 Paper Reference
Time: 1 hours 15 minutes

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Class: .......................... Sec: ..........

Instructions
Subject: ..........................................
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your Code No. ........................................
name, centre number and candidate number.
• Answer all parts of questions 1, 2 and 3. For question
4, answer either (a), (b), (c) or (d).
____________________________
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
Invigilator’s signature with date

Information ____________________________
• The total mark for this paper is 70. Examiner’s signature with date
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
- use this as a guide as to how much time to spend
on each question. ____________________________
• You are reminded of the importance of clear and Scrutinizer’s signature with date
orderly presentation in your answers.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to
answer it.
• Keep an eye on the time.
• Try to answer every question.
Marks obtained : ............................
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. In word: ..........................................
.........................................................
 The Periodic Table of the Elements
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
1 4
H He
hydrogen helium

Key 1 2

7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
3 4 atomic (proton) number 5 6 7 8 9 10

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63.5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

85 88 89 91 93 96 [98] 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 [209] [210] [222]
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium lanthanum hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

[223] [226] [227] [261] [262] [266] [264] [277] [268] [271] [272]
Fr Ra Ac* Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Elements with atomic numbers 112-116 have been reported but not fully
francium radium actinium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium authenticated
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111

* The lanthanoids (atomic numbers 58-71) and the actinoids (atomic numbers 90-103) have been omitted.

The relative atomic masses of copper and chlorine have not been rounded to the nearest whole number.
Page 2
 Page 3

Answer ALL questions.

1 This question is about gases in the atmosphere.

(a) The box gives the names of some gases in the atmosphere.

argon carbon dioxide helium

nitrogen oxygen

Use gases from the box to answer the questions.

Each gas may be used once, more than once or not at all.

(i) Identify the two noble gases.

(1)

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(ii) Identify the gas that is a compound.

(1)

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(iii) Identify the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.

(1)

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(iv) Identify the greenhouse gas.

(1)

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(b) Describe the test for oxygen.

(1)

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(Total for Question 1 = 5 marks)

 Page 4

2 The diagram represents an atom of boron.

proton

neutron

electron

(a) Use information from the diagram to complete the table.

The first row has been done for you.
(5)

atomic number 5

mass number

number of neutrons

group in the Periodic Table that contains boron

period in the Periodic Table that contains boron

electronic configuration of an atom of boron

 Page 5

(b) Boron has two isotopes, boron‑10 and boron‑11.

A sample of boron contains 18.7% of boron‑10 and 81.3% of boron‑11.
Calculate the relative atomic mass of this sample of boron.
(2)

relative atomic mass = ........................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 2 = 7 marks)

 Page 6

3 Crude oil is an important source of organic compounds.

(a) The diagram shows crude oil being separated into different fractions.

B
crude oil X

(i) Name the process used to separate crude oil into different fractions.
(1)

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(ii) State what happens to the crude oil at X.

(1)

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 Page 7

(iii) Describe the differences between fraction B and fraction E.

In your answer, refer to
● size of the molecules
● boiling point
● colour
● viscosity
(4)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Crude oil often contains sulfur as an impurity.

Explain why this is a problem when using crude oil fractions as fuels.
(2)

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(Total for Question 3 = 8 marks)

 Page 8

4 This question is about the halogens and their compounds.

(a) The table gives the colour and physical state at room temperature of the halogens.
Complete the table by predicting the colour of astatine and the physical state of
fluorine at room temperature.
(2)

Halogen Colour Physical state at room temperature

fluorine pale yellow

chlorine pale green gas

bromine red‑brown liquid

iodine dark grey solid

astatine solid

(b) Chlorine gas is bubbled into a colourless solution of potassium bromide.

Explain why the solution turns orange.
(2)

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(c) Potassium bromide is an ionic compound.

Draw diagrams to show the outer electrons in a potassium ion and in a bromide ion.
Include the charges on the ions.
(3)

potassium ion bromide ion

 Page 9

(d) A student sets up a circuit to test the electrical conductivity of water, solid
sodium chloride and aqueous sodium chloride.
The table shows the student’s results.

Substance Conducts electricity?

water no

solid sodium chloride no

aqueous sodium chloride yes

Explain these results, with reference to the structure and bonding of the substances.
(5)

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 Page 10

(e) A concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride is electrolysed using

graphite electrodes.
Chlorine is formed at the positive electrode (anode).
(i) Give an ionic half‑equation for the formation of chlorine at the positive electrode.
(1)

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(ii) State why this ionic half‑equation represents an oxidation reaction.

(1)

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(iii) Which substance is formed at the negative electrode (cathode)?

(1)
A hydrogen
B oxygen
C sodium
D water

(Total for Question 4 = 15 marks)

 Page 11

5 This question is about the reactions of carboxylic acids.

(a) Carboxylic acids react with solutions of metal carbonates.
(i) Complete the chemical equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH,
with potassium carbonate solution.
(2)

2CH3COOH + K2CO3 → ............................................................ + .............................. + ............................ . .

(ii) State what you would see in this reaction.

(1)

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(b) The ester, ethyl ethanoate, can be prepared by reacting ethanol with ethanoic acid.
This is the method for the preparation.
● mix equal amounts of ethanoic acid and ethanol in a boiling tube
● add a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid
● place the boiling tube in a hot water bath for several minutes
(i) State the role of concentrated sulfuric acid in this reaction.
(1)

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(ii) Suggest why the mixture is heated in a water bath rather than directly with a
Bunsen burner flame.
(1)

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(iii) State how you would know that ethyl ethanoate has formed.
(1)

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 Page 12

(c) Another ester, methyl propanoate, can be prepared by reacting methanol with

propanoic acid.
(i) Draw the displayed formulae of methanol, propanoic acid and the ester,
methyl propanoate.
(3)

methanol propanoic acid

methyl propanoate

(ii) Give the name of the other product of this reaction.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(d) Give one use of esters.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 5 = 11 marks)

 Page 13

6 When a bottle of wine is left open for several days, some of the ethanol in the wine
turns to ethanoic acid, CH3COOH
(a) A scientist uses a titration method to investigate how much ethanoic acid is
formed if a bottle of white wine is left open for one week.
She uses this method.
● fill a burette with the white wine and record the reading
● add 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution to a conical flask
● add a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator to the flask
● swirl the flask continuously while adding wine from the burette
● add the wine drop by drop near the end point
● record the reading at the end point

(i) Name the piece of apparatus that would be most suitable for measuring the
25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Suggest why red wine would not be suitable to use for this investigation.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) State why she swirls the flask continuously.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) State why she adds the wine drop by drop near the end point.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 Page 14

(b) The diagram shows the burette readings at the start and end of one of the titrations.

1 22

2 23

3 24

start end

Use the readings to complete the table.

Give your values to the nearest 0.05 cm3.
(3)

burette reading at end

burette reading at start

volume of wine added in cm3

(c) The scientist repeats the titration four more times.

The table shows her results for these four titrations.

titration number 1 2 3 4

volume of wine added in cm3 20.40 20.10 20.35 20.45

concordant results

Concordant results are those within 0.20 cm3 of each other.

(i) Add ticks () to the table to show the concordant results.
(1)
(ii) Use your ticked results to calculate the mean (average) volume of wine added.
(2)

mean volume of wine added = .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cm3

 Page 15

(d) Another scientist repeats the titration with a different bottle of white wine that
has been left open for a week.

The equation for the reaction that occurs in this titration is

CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O

The mean volume of wine added is 19.50 cm3.

(i) The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 0.0500 mol/dm3 .
Calculate the amount, in moles, of NaOH in 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution.
(2)

amount of NaOH = .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mol

(ii) Deduce the amount, in moles, of CH3COOH in 19.50 cm3 of the wine.

(1)

amount of CH3COOH = .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mol

(iii) Calculate the concentration, in mol/dm3, of CH3COOH in the wine.

(2)

concentration of CH3COOH = .................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . mol/dm3

(Total for Question 6 = 15 marks)

 Page 16

7 Hydrogen gas can be produced by reacting a mixture of methane and steam in the
presence of a nickel catalyst.
The reaction conditions are a temperature of 700 °C and a pressure of 5 atmospheres.
The equation for the reaction is

CH4(g) + H2O(g)  CO(g) + 3H2(g) ΔH = +206 kJ/mol

(a) What does the symbol  represent?
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) (i) The mixture of methane and steam is heated to a temperature greater than
700 °C but the pressure is kept at 5 atmospheres.

Predict the effect of this change on the yield of hydrogen at equilibrium,

giving a reason for your answer.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) The mixture of methane and steam is kept at the same temperature of 700 °C
but the pressure is increased to more than 5 atmospheres.

Predict the effect of this change on the yield of hydrogen at equilibrium,

giving a reason for your answer.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 Page 17

(c) Calculate the volume, in dm3, of hydrogen gas at rtp that is produced when
10 tonnes of methane gas completely react with steam.
[molar volume of hydrogen at rtp is 24 dm3]
Give your answer in standard form.
(4)

volume of hydrogen = ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dm3

(Total for Question 7 = 9 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 70 MARKS