Learning Module 3: Frameworks and Principles Behind Our Moral Disposition

Learning Module 3
FRAMEWORKS AND PRINCIPLES

BEHIND OUR MORAL
DISPOSITION
Unit 1: The Frameworks of Moral Disposition
B. Deontology by Immanuel Kant
ENGAGE
Share an experience or a situation wherein you do an act or make
decision that shows call of duty.
I could recall the time when I was in my ROTC class. It is necessary

for all female students under the ROTC subject to wear black slacks,
plain white t-shirt, black flat shoes and the hair must be properly tied. I
didn’t want to get scolded, and I was so scared to make mistakes
during the ROTC class. So I have to follow the important rules and
avoid getting scolded. I always think of ways and follow whatever
rules it has. I never let myself be late because I will be facing
punishments, that is clearly unbearable for me to handle.
EXPLORE
Activity
Read other discussion about Deontology and differentiate this theory
to Utilitarianism.
The difference between Deontology and Utilitarianism, is that

Deontology refers to following the indicated rules or doing your duty,
and it uses rules as distinguishing right from wrong. Meanwhile,
Utilitarianism is an act where you must choose that can benefit others,
the greatest good for the greatest number. Doing something that
could bring happiness to everyone. In utilitarianism, happiness is what
matters the most and the happiness that can bring a greatest good for
the greatest number. Deontology is the opposite of the Utilitarianism.
EXPLAIN
Activity
1. State precisely what Kant means by the “good will” and explain the
difference between hypothetical and categorical imperatives?
Immanuel Kant defined “good will” as one that wills to act in accord
with the moral law as a categorical imperative. The difference
between hypothetical and categorical imperatives is Hypothetical
refers to actions we do to take regardless of whether doing so and
would enable us to get anything we want. An example of a categorical
imperative might be “Keep your promises.” However, Hypothetical
imperatives identify actions we do to take, but only if we have some
particular goal.
EXPLAIN
Activity
2. Think of any actions, attitudes, good policies that would be
qualified by the universalizability test, but you would still wish to
maintain that they were morally permissible.
By being obedient, following the rules and choosing an act that can
determine the right from wrong. I still wich to maintain that thwy were
morally permissible because I cannot suddenly change my beliefs
instead I can add more or another beliefs. In order for me to become
a moral person and obtaining a knowledge on how tp decide and act
properly.
ELABORATE
Activity
It is common for people who take drugs or drink too much to say, “I’m not doing anything
wrong since I’m not hurting anybody other than myself.” What are some ways that Kant or
other Kantians would respond to that? If you disagree with Kant, how would you reply?
A Kantians would respond to this matter is that not following the rules or the policy that is
prohibiting the use or taking of drugs and drinking too much that makes them think that it
didn’t affect the rules, but a lot of people who knew it actually thinks that it is still bad to do
things that are against the rules because drugs or drinking too much is against the rules or the
moral law even it means that you’re not doing anything wrong since you are taking drugs or
drinking too much. A Kantians uses deontoloy, in order to distinguish right from wrong with the
use of the rules that are implied. I am not disagreeing with Kant because I also believe that
people are required to follow the rules and do their duty.
EVALUATE
Activity
Suppose you are a software engineer and learn that a nuclear missile
is about to launch that might start a war. You can hack the network
and cancel the launch, but it’s against your professional code of ethics
to break into any software system wwithout permission. And, it’s a
form of lying and cheating. Deontology advises not to violate this rule.
However, in letting the missile launch, thousands of people will die.
EVALUATE
This makes Deontology easy to apply in this situation because of
following the rules but it also means that I am disregarding the
possible consequences of my actions when determining what it right
and what it wrong. Letting thousands of people die is wrong but with
this theory, Deontology, I must follow the rules and do my duty.
Learning Module 3
FRAMEWORKS AND PRINCIPLES
BEHIND OUR MORAL
DISPOSITION
Unit 1: The Frameworks of Moral Disposition
C. Natural Law Theory
EVALUATE
Read the passage then answer the questions.
In October 2016, newspaper reported that Pantaleon Alvarez, the

speaker of the House of representatives, was intending to draft a bill
which would amend the country’s Family Code, thereby allowing for the
legalization of same-sex unions. This would result in the possibility of
two men together and two women together being identified as a couple
with rights guaranteed and protected by the law. However, as one
newspaper report revealed even before anything could be formally
proposed, other fellow legislators expressed to the media their refusal to
support such initiative.
EVALUATE
Question 1: Using Natural theory, is this legislation viable? (10 pts)
No, it is not viable in Natural Law Theory because our instincts and
reasons allow us to think about our moral principles, such as what we
believe in. For example, I am are against in the legislation of the same-
sex unions because my religion and the bible stated that it is not okay for
the same sex to get married and a protection from the law or be part of
the family code. Though for me, we don’t need the bible or religion, class
or church in order to understand the natural law, it is only the basis of our
principles and what we naturally believe in.
EVALUATE
Question 2: What probably are the reasons why the other legislators
don’t like this idea? (10 pts)
It is against in their moral principles and their instinct shows them the
basic good. And also their reasons allows them to derived the natural
law. They have their own natural law that made them did not approved
or like the legislation of the same-sex unions.

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Learning Module 3

FRAMEWORKS AND PRINCIPLES

I could recall the time when I was in my ROTC class. It is necessary

The difference between Deontology and Utilitarianism, is that

In October 2016, newspaper reported that Pantaleon Alvarez, the

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