SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

General Physics1
Quarter 1 – Module 8:
Title: Projectile Motion
Science– Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Projectile Motion
First Edition, 2020

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 12

General Physics1
Quarter 1 – Module 8:
Projectile Motion
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Newtons Law of Motion and its Application!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

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Notes to the Teacher

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will help you in guiding the learners.

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the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Newtons Law of Motion and its Application!

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What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
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What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

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What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

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What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

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What’s More This comprises activities for independent

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answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

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 what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

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Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

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developing this module.

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We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the accuracy and precision. The scope of this module permits it to be used
in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module has one lesson, namely:

 Lesson 4 – Projectile Motion

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles.

2. Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles

5
 What I Know

Read each problem or situations carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write it on your answer sheet.

1. What happen when the object in projectile motion reaches its maximum
height?
a. it begins to accelerate downward
b. it begins to accelerate parabolic
c. it begins to accelerate sideward
d. It begins to decelerate
2. Which of the following is the displacement of the projectile motion in the
horizontal direction?
a. Distance along y-axis
b. Height
c. Initial velocity
d. Range
3. Which of the following is the vertical motion displacement of the projectile?
a. x=V x t
b. , V x =V xi
1 2
c. y=V yi t− g t
2
d. V y =V yi−¿
4. Which of the following affects the launched of the projectile motion?
a. angle
b. Force
c. Gravity
d. object
5. Which of the following is constant in the whole travel and equal to the initial
launched of the projectile in motion?
a. V x
b. v y
c. v xi
d. v yi
6. What is the acceleration of the object launched along the horizontal direction
and assumed that air resistance is negligible?
a. 9.8 m/s
b. – 9.8 m/s
c. Same at the initial velocity
d. Zero

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7. Which of the following affects the motion of a projectile launched
horizontally?
a. Final velocity
b. Initial velocity
c. Mass
d. Maximum height
8. Which of the following describes projectile motion?
a. Horizontal velocity changes in the whole travel
b. The object is affected by its mass
c. The shape of the path is circular
d. Vertical velocity changes constantly per time due to gravity
9. Which of the following scientist discovered the projectile motion?
a. Albert Einstein
b. Charles Darwin
c. Isaac newton
d. Galileo Galilei
10.What is the maximum height of a projectile launched with initial velocity f 25
m/s at an angle of 30˚?
a. 7.98 m
b. 15.94 m
c. 31.89 m
d. 63. 76
11.What is the maximum height reached by a ball thrown into the air with
initial velocity of 38 m/s at an angle of 35 degree?
a. 2.24 s
b. 4.45 s
c. 7.10 s
d. 8. 24 s
12.What is the total time of flight of an object thrown in the air at an angle of
25˚ with initial velocity of 30 m/s?
a. 1.0 s
b. 1.29 s
c. 2.59 s
d. 3.0 s
13.What is the horizontal range of a projectile in motion with the initial velocity
of 45 m/s at an angle of 18˚?
a. 2.70 m
b. 63. 85 m
c. 121.46 m
d. 123. 98 m
14.What is the horizontal range of a stone thrown into the air with initial
velocity of 15 m/s at an angle of 30 degree?
a. 1.33 m
b. 11.48 m
c. 15.95 m
d. 19.88 m

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15.What does the formula use for finding the maximum height reached of a
projectile in motion?
2 v i sinθ
a.
g
vi sin2 θ
2
b.
2g
v sin 2θ
c. i
g
d. h + vyi*t-1/2gt2

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 Lesson

5 Projectile Motion

Projectile Motion is another type of motion occurs only when the object is
thrown or launch into the air. The object is launched at a certain initial point to its
final point or the displacement in the horizontal direction following a parabolic path
with certain time and distance. When it reaches the maximum height, it begins to
accelerate downward. Galileo Galilei was the first scientist who describe projectile
motion through his observation and experimentation and was published in his one
of his books in 1590.

The projectile motion uses formula to know how far the projectile reached its
maximum height and range with respect to the time taken into the whole travel of
the projectile

What’s In

What are the components of projectile motion?

What does the formula use in finding the initial horizontal components of the
projectile in motion?

Why is that the acceleration of projectile in horizontal motion is constant from its
initial point to final point?

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 Notes to the Teacher
It is important that learners must have knowledge about the
components of projectile motion.

10
 What’s New

Time, Range and maximum heights of the Projectile in

Motion
1. Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles

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 What is It

Time, Range and maximum heights of the Projectile in

Motion
To understand projectile motion completely, we need toknow their components
along the x- and y-axes, including velocity and acceleration, as well as the
displacement. Assuming that all forces like air resistance and frictions affecting the
motion is negligibleexcept gravity assuming that the upward direction is positive
and downward direction is negative. Then the gravity or the acceleration due to
gravity is

a y =−g=−9.8 m/s 2

Horizontal Motion component of the projectile along vertical direction does not
experience any acceleration on horizontal motion, therefore in mathematical
equation

a x =0

Assuming that the initial velocity, angle, and height of a projectile is given, then we
can calculate the components of velocity the Pythagorean Theorem;

v x =vcosθ (velocity along horizontal direction)

v y =vsinθ (velocity along vertical direction)

But if the angle, θ = 90˚ it means that the object in motion is in free fall. And if
velocity in y direction is zero, v y =0 the object in motion is in horizontal motion.
Since there is no gravity along horizontal direction of the projectile in motion, the
velocity of the projectile in motion, V xis constant in the whole travel and was equal
to the initial launched of the projectile or the initial velocity, V i

Therefore V i=V f

So, if we launched a projectile from 0 time, then at time, t the x component of its
displacement from the launched point will be

Horizontal distance, x=V xf t

Horizontal velocity, V xf =V xi

1 2
Vertical distance, y=V yi t− g t
2

Vertical velocity, V y =V yi−¿

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Where:

V x – velocity along x-axis

V xi–initial velocity along x-axis
V y – velocity along y-axis
V yi – initial velocity along y-axis
g – acceleration due to gravity
t – time taken

Calculate Time of flight, Maximum Height reached and Range

The projectile launched along horizontal motion and touch the surface at any point
has given derived equations base on kinematic equation, the formula is used to
calculate the time of flight, maximum height reached, and the range.

2 v i sinθ t – time of flight

Time of flight, t f = starts when object launched into the
g air and ends when it hits the ground

Y or H is the height
2
v sin 2θ
i
reached by a projectile in
Height Reached, H= motion
2g

x or R is the distance reached

by a projectile in motion
when it hits the ground
v 2i sin 2 θ
Range, R=
g

Where
Vi = Initial Velocity
sin θ = Component along the y-axis
cos θ = component along the x-axis
g- acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2
tf – time of flight
H – maximum height reached
R - range

Example
A small stone is thrown away into the air with a velocity of 15 m/s at an angle of
30 degree along the horizontal.

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 a. Find the maximum height reached by the object,
b. Time of flight, and
c. Range

Given
Vi – 15 m/s – initial velocity
θ - 30˚
g- 9.8 m/s2

Solution
Maximum height reached by the object

v2i sin 2θ 15 2 sin 2 30

Height Reached, H= = =2.87 m
2g 2 x 9.8 m/ s2

2 v i sinθ 2(15 m/s)(sin30)

Time of flight, t f = = =1.53 s
g 9.8 m/s 2

v i sin 2 θ (15 m/s)( sin2 x 30)

Range, R= = =1.33 m
g 9.8 m/s2

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 What’s More

I. Identify the following

1. It is an object which has an initial velocity and then follows a path

determined entirely by the effects of air resistance and gravitational force.
2. It is the motion of an object whose path is affected by gravity or an object
projected by some means into the air at an angle.
3. What are the two independent components of Projectile motion?
4. What causes objects to accelerate downward?
5. What is the equivalent of the displacement in a projectile equation?

II. Solve the projectile motion problem.

a. A stone is thrown into the air at a 15 m/s at an angle of 30 degree.

6. What is the height reached of the stone?
7. What is the time taken by the stone in the whole travel?
8. What is the ranged reached by the stone?
9. A ball is projected with initial velocity of 18 m/s at an angle of 25 degree.
What is the time of flight of the ball?
10.What is the horizontal displacement of the object thrown into the air at a
velocity of 30 m/s with an angle of 28 degree?

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 What I Have Learned

1. The only force acting on vertical motion is the gravity or the acceleration due
to gravity, a y =−g=−9.8 m/s 2.
2. Horizontal Motion component of the projectile along vertical direction does
not experience any acceleration on horizontal motion, therefore in
mathematical equation, a x =0 .
3. The components of projectile motion can be calculated using Pythagorean
Theorem, where v x =vcosθ is velocity along horizontal direction and v y =vsinθ
(velocity along vertical direction.
4. The projectile launched along horizontal motion and touch the surface at
any point has given derived equations base on kinematic equation, the
formula is used to calculate the time of flight, maximum height reached, and
the range.
2 v i sinθ
5. Time of flight, t f =
g
v2i sin 2θ
6. Height Reached, H=
2g
2
v sin 2 θ
7. Range, R= i
g

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 What I Can Do

1. Can calculate the time taken of a projectile motion?

2. Can calculate the range of a projectile motion?
3. Can you calculate the maximum height reached by a projectile?
4. Can you identify the factors that affect the projectile motion?
5. Can you enumerate some example of projectile in motion you encountered in
your daily life?

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the unit use in vertical and horizontal velocities of components of

projectile motion?
a. meter
b. meter per second
b. meter per second square
d. meter second
2. What is projectile motion?
a. Motion of the force exerted to an object
b. Motion of the force present in an object
c. Motion of an object thrown into the air
d. Object thrown at the earth’s surface
3. What do you call the path of a projectile?
a. A curved path
b. A projector
c. A road to success
d. A trajectory
4. Which of the following is constant in the whole travel of the object in
projectile motion?
a. Gravity, g
b. Horizontal velocity, vx
c. Initial velocity, vi
d. Vertical velocity, vy

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5. What is the only force acting on the projectile?
a. Gravitational force
b. Magnetic force
c. Normal force
d. Tensional force
6. What are the major components of a projectile motion?
a. Horizontal and vertical axis
b. Horizontal and vertical motion
c. Vertical and irregular motion
d. Vertical and horizontal projection
7. Which of the following is the acceleration in horizontal direction of the
projectile in motion?
a. a=0
b. a=−g
c. a=g
d. a=v i
8. The ball is thrown into the air with initial velocity of 10 m/s at an angle of
30 degree, what is the initial velocity of the ball along the vertical direction?
a. 0.88 m/s
b. 5 m/s
c. 8.66 m/s
d. 10 m/s
9. What is the maximum height of a projectile launched with initial velocity of
22 m/s at an angle of 30˚?
a. 6.17 m
b. 36.63 m
c. 39.89 m
d. 2053.87 m
10.What is the maximum height reached by a ball thrown into the air with
initial velocity of 18 m/s at an angle of 25 degree?
a. 1.08m
b. 2.55 m
c. 4.13m
d. 37.27 m
11.What is the total time of flight of an object thrown in the air at an angle of
30˚ with initial velocity of 20 m/s?
a. 1.0 s
b. 2.04 s
c. 5. 10 s
d. 20.41 s
12.What is the horizontal range of a projectile in motion with the initial velocity
of 22 m/s at an angle of 35˚?
a. 2.85 m
b. 32.62 m
c. 46.41 m
d. 53. 98 m
13.What is the horizontal range of a stone thrown into the air with initial
velocity of 28 m/s at an angle of 40 degree?
a. 1.33 m
b. 2. 47 m
c. 35.25 m
d. 78.78 m
14.Which of the following describe the height of projectile motion?

18
 a.

b.

c.

d.

15. Which of the following describe the range of

projectile motion?
a.

b.

c.

d.

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 Additional Activities

Read and solve the problem carefully.

1. A girl kicked the ball with an initial velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 40-
degrees with the horizontal.
a. Calculate the maximum height reached
b. Calculate the time of flight
c. Calculate the horizontal displacement of the projectile
2. A ball is thrown from the top of a 10m high building with a horizontal speed
of 5m/s.
a. Calculate the time it takes to drop to the floor,
b. Its horizontal displacement at the point when it reaches the floor.
3. A volleyball player serves a ball with his height of 1.5-meter height and
strikes the floor at point three meter horizontally.
a. Time of flight of the ball
b. Its horizontal velocity
4. An egg rolls off the edge of a table 1.2-meter-high and strikes the floor at a
point 2 meter horizontally from the edge of the table.
a. Time of its flight,
b. Its initial horizontal velocity
5. A projectile is launched at initial velocity of 12 m/s and an angle of 27
degree.
a. What is the maximum height reached by a projectile?
b. What is the time taken by the projectile?

20
References

BYJU’S; The Learning App, 2020, Projectile Motion Formula retrieved on

https://byjus.com/projectile-motion-formula/
Caintic, Helen E, PhD; General Physics 1 for Senior High School, 98-100 pp.

Lumen Candela, Boundless Physics, (n.d.) retrieved on

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-physics/chapter/projectile-
motion/
Soft Schools. Com, 2005-2020, Projectile Motionretrieved on
https://www.softschools.com/notes/ap_physics/projectile_motion/

Wikipedia: The Free encyclopedia, last edited on 21 May 2020, at 04:21 (UTC),
Projectile Motion, retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile_motion

Wikipedia: The Free encyclopedia, last edited on 21 May 2020, at 04:21 (UTC),
Projectile, retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile_motion

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