Biliran Province State University: ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED School of Nursing and Health Sciences

Republic of the Philippines
Biliran Province State University

(formerly NAVAL STATE UNIVERSITY)
ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED
School of Nursing and Health Sciences
COURSE : NCM 108 HEALTHCARE ETHICS
MODULE 1 : INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT ON NURSING ETHICS

By: Mae Geraldine E. Dacer, DM
I. Introduction
As controversial and sensitive ethical issues continue to challenge nurses and other health
care professionals, many of them have begun to develop a unique appreciation for the diverse
ethical viewpoints of others. Moral uncertainty about many issues is at its highest level in history.
Practical approaches are necessary if there is to be any hope of resolution in particular cases and
situations. Although nurses make independent ethical decisions every day, they also play a critical
role within the larger team of decision makers. Patients and family members participate in dialogue
with nurses to resolve many bioethical and health care issues. Nurses must develop theoretical
knowledge and necessary skills to form a foundation for practicing right actions and developing
moral character. In doing so, it is important that nurses will be able to distinguish among the various
terms, theories and principles used in ethics and to identify and analyze ethical dilemmas.
II. Time Allotment: 8 hours
III. Requirements
A. Pre-Entry:
 Mastery of the following concepts:
- Logic
- Philosophy Man
B. Entry:
 Mastery - 70% passing percentage in Pre-Test and Post-Test
- 70% passing percentage in Modular Exam
 Completed notes related to the concept (based on objectives)
 Punctuality and attendance
 Accomplished given worksheets and case analysis
 Reaction paper for journal review
IV. Objectives
After 8 hours of varied teaching-learning activities, the Level 2 Students will be able to:
1. review the following related concepts on:
1.1 principles in nursing ethics
1.1.1 approaches to nursing ethics
1.1.2 concepts in nursing ethics
1.1.3 principles in professional nursing ethics
1.1.4 ethico-legal rights and duties
1.2 ethics and standards in nursing
1.2.1 history of code of ethics for Filipino Nurses
1.2.2 applicable codes of ethics and standards
1.2.3 future direction in nursing ethics
1.3 kaleidoscope of ethics and the ethical way
1.3.1 morality and the ethical way
1.3.2 philosophical approaches to morality and ethics
1.3.3 bioethics
1.3.4 nursing ethics
2. explain and discuss the following:
2.1 ethical approaches
2.1.1 deontology
2.1.2 utilitarianism
2.1.3 virtue ethics
1
2.1.4 ethics of care

2.2 ethical principles
2.2.1 autonomy
2.2.2 beneficence
2.2.3 nonmaleficence
2.2.4 justice
2.3 ethical dilemmas and ethical analysis in nursing
2.3.1 slippery slope argument
2.3.2 the nurse as part of the health care team
2.3.3 four topics ethical analysis approach
2.3.4 practical strategies for internet ethics
2.4 levels of moral discourse
2.4.1 the level of the case
2.4.2 rules and rights (Code of Ethics)
2.4.3 normative ethics
2.4.4 metaethics
3. integrate knowledge of bioethical principles when making moral judgment to achieve ethical
relativism in the:
3.1 values and moral reasoning
3.2 relationships
3.3 virtues
V. Enrichment activities
1. Worksheets.
2. Case analysis (with given hypothetical situation) on related concept on introductory concept on
nursing ethics
3. Journal reading on issues and trends on related concept on introductory concept on nursing
ethics
VI. References
Robert M. Veatch , “ Basics of Bioethics”. 2nd edition. Pearson Education South Asia PTE. LTD.
Philippines, 2007.
Janie B. Butts, et. Al., “Nursing Ethics: Across the Curriculum and into Practice”. Malloy Inc.
Philippines, 2006.
Atty. Rustico T. De Belen, et. Al., . “Nursing Law, Jurisprudence and Professional Ethics ” 1st
edition. C&E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City, 2007.
Kozier, Barbara; Erb, Glenora, et.al “Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process and
Practice” 7th edition
Beauchamp, Tom L. “Philosophical Ethics: An Introduction to Moral Philosophy”. 3rd edition.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.
Venzon, Lydia M., et. al., Professional Nursing in the Philippines. 10th edition, C&E Publishing,
Inc. Quezon City, 2005.
Prepared by:
MAE GERALDINE E. DACER, DM

Clinical Instructor
2

CASE ANALYSIS NO. 1
Name: ______________________________________ Date: ___________ Grade: _________

I. Answer the questions briefly on the space provided.
Situation: Benefit or Burden: How Much Is Too Much?
Doris Boswell is a 78-year-old female with Alzheimer’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis and type
2 diabetes mellitus. For the last 7 years she has resided at Comfort Rest Nursing Home, but for
years before her admittance to the nursing home she lived with her son and her husband. Caring
for her became so difficult that her son, John, and her husband could not safely keep her at home
any longer. Her son visits every week or as often as possible.
Two years ago, Ms. Boswell developed end-stage renal disease and progressive peripheral
neuropathy because of the advancement of her diabetes mellitus. Over time, her dementia has
worsened noticeably, but her quality of life remained surprisingly good, despite the presence of her
chronic diseases and her dependence on nursing assistants for feeding and activities of daily living.
Although she does not talk, she sometimes cries out in pain.
In the last few months, Ms. Boswell’s behavior has changed. She is becoming more irritable
by the day and is displaying behavior outbursts when the nurse or anyone else attempts to move
her or do anything with her that is not a part of her ordinary daily care. The dialysis treatment has
become too burdensome to manage because of her emotional outbursts and resistance.
After a thorough work-up, there was no physical reason for this drastic change in her
behavior, so her physician attributed the change to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Dr.
Phillips, her primary physician and medical director of the nursing home, believes that the dialysis
is more a benefit for Ms. Boswell. Dr. Phillips believes that since he regards Ms. Boswell’s quality of
life as poor, dialysis treatment is a waste of valuable resources. Without dialysis, Dr. Phillips
believes that Ms. Boswell burden issue, the treatment options and the outcomes and prognosis of
discontinuing dialysis. John was adamant that he wanted his mother to live as long as she could on
dialysis, so he told Dr. Phillips that the nursing home administration did not need to worry about
money resources. John informed Dr. Phillips that he would be responsible for the bill and that he
had plenty of money. He added that his mother would want to live as long as possible.
Given the corresponding data, Jennifer was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, rheumatoid
arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Using the four topics on ethical analysis approach, list down
possible resolution which answers the following salient points:
1. Medical indications: The Principles of Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
3
2. Patient preferences: The Principle of Respect for Autonomy
3. Quality of life: The Principles of Beneficence and Nonmaleficence and Respect for Autonomy
4. Contextual features: The Principles of Loyalty and Fairness
5. Put yourself in John’s place. What would you need to consider if you had to make this same
decision about your mother’s future? Please explain.
Signature of Student: _______________________

Signature of Faculty: ________________________
4

WORKSHEET NO. 1
Name: ______________________________________ Date: ___________ Grade: _________
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions briefly on the space provided.

I. Bioethical Theories. Fill-in the required information by writing your answer on the space
provided.
Bioethical
Brief Description Example Scenario
Theories
Natural Law
Theory
Kantianism
Prima Facie
Duties
Utilitarianism
Virtue Ethics
5
Ethic of Care
II. Essay. Compare and contrast the following concepts. Answer briefly.
1. Morality and Ethical Way -
2. Bioethics and Nursing Ethics -
3. Slippery Slope Argument –
Signature of Student: _______________________

Signature of Faculty: ________________________
6

JOURNAL REVIEW NO. 1
Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _________________ Grade: _________
I. Title of the Journal : ____________________________________________________________________

II. Name of the Author : ____________________________________________________________________
III. Date Issued /Published : ____________________________________________________________________
IV. Title of the Article : ____________________________________________________________________
7
V. Reaction:
8
Remarks:
Student’s Signature : _________________________________ Date Submitted: ______________
Instructor’s Name and Signature : _________________________________ Date Submitted: ______________

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Republic of the Philippines

Biliran Province State University

COURSE : NCM 108 HEALTHCARE ETHICS

MODULE 1 : INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT ON NURSING ETHICS

II. Time Allotment: 8 hours

2.1.4 ethics of care

MAE GERALDINE E. DACER, DM

COURSE : NCM 108 HEALTHCARE ETHICS

CASE ANALYSIS NO. 1

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ___________ Grade: _________

Situation: Benefit or Burden: How Much Is Too Much?

1. Medical indications: The Principles of Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

2. Patient preferences: The Principle of Respect for Autonomy

4. Contextual features: The Principles of Loyalty and Fairness

Signature of Student: _______________________

COURSE : NCM 108 HEALTHCARE ETHICS

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ___________ Grade: _________

INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions briefly on the space provided.

1. Morality and Ethical Way -

2. Bioethics and Nursing Ethics -

3. Slippery Slope Argument –

Signature of Student: _______________________

COURSE : NCM 108 HEALTHCARE ETHICS

JOURNAL REVIEW NO. 1

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _________________ Grade: _________

I. Title of the Journal : ____________________________________________________________________

Student’s Signature : _________________________________ Date Submitted: ______________

Instructor’s Name and Signature : _________________________________ Date Submitted: ______________

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