CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Language is as a communication tool such as sounds and
utterances. This tool has a very important position. Without it,
information will not be conveyed easily. You can imagine if in
ancient times humans only used their gesture for interaction. Many
limitations will occur. Inadequacy will lead to different meanings
from the source.
There are many kinds of language in our life. Nowadays,
English commonly use as international language. In many countries,
children are taught and encouraged to learn English as a second
language even in countries where it is not an official language.
Because it is the dominant language in the sciences, most of the
research and studies you find in any given scientific field will be
written in it as well and students in many countries study almost all
their subjects in English in order to make the material more
accessible to international students.
In Indonesia, English is the most important foreign language
and one of the compulsory subjects taught in Junior High School
(SMK), Senior High School (SMA), university, and now days
English also is taught in Elementary school and even in the
kindergarten. Moreover, English plays important role for all aspects
because the development of science and technology is mostly
transferred through it. The purpose of learning English is that
students can communicate in English both oral form and written one.

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Especially in junior high school level, the students learn all English
language skills like speaking and writing.
Writing is one of the language skills that are often a problem
for students in the process of learning English. This is very
interesting to study considering the ability to write is strongly
influenced by the mastery of vocabulary, the structure and ability of
students to string words into a good text. Grammatical differences
between English as a foreign language and Indonesian as the primary
language are problems that often arise when learning to write.

Technique is the specific activities manifested in the classroom

that were consistent with a method and therefore ere in harmony
with an approach as well.1 The development of information and
communication technology lately is truly extraordinary. All aspects
of life seem inseparable from those mechanical, optical and
electronic technologies. This includes the world of education.
Education is indeed designed to deliver us to the gate of success in
the future and we must follow the development of modern
technology.

Everyone can access information from various technologies that

have beneficial for the development of each individual. Some
information is available on the internet that can be used for teaching
materials and usually through the internet is more up to date, so

1
H. Douglas Brown, Teaching by Principles An Interactive Approach to
Language Pedagogy, (New York: Pearson Education, 2001), 2nd Ed., p. 14

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 many students are interested in accessing it. One of the learning
media includes YouTube

Many of students at SMK YP Fatahillah 1 Cilegon also felt

difficult in English lesson especially in writing procedure text
because they have to find out what should they make and it is need
some inspirations. also, this occurred cause of the technique teaching
was bored and teacher stay uses the traditional method in teaching
procedure text.
Based on the problem described above, the researcher tries to
apply the DIY video on YouTube as a media in writing a procedure
text which is expected can solve the problem on the second grade
student of SMK YP Fatahillah 1 Cilegon. Based on the background,
the researcher takes a project with quantitative method of quasi-
experimental to know how is “The Use of Do It Yourself (DIY)
Video on YouTube to Improve Students Writing Ability in
Procedure Text “

B. The Identification of the Problem

Based on the observation by the researcher and supported by
interviewing teachers at SMK YP Fatahillah 1 Cilegon. It can be
identified that the problem of students in writing are as follow:
1. Students do not understand the using grammar, so that students
are difficult to develop their ideas in writing.
2. Students confuse what should they write because they do not
have any inspiration to write.
3. Mostly student low ability in writing

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C .The Limitation of the Problem

Based on the identification problem above, the writer

determines the limitation of the problem. Student can advantage how the
DIY videos on YouTube as the object of media are used in teaching and
learning process of writing. The video is one of the media that can be
used to improve the students’ writing skills of a procedure text.
Students are allowed to access YouTube DIY videos about
crafts with easily found materials around them such as "DIY makeup
box". There are 60 students from second grade and divided into two
classes. One of the classes learning procedure text using DIY video from
YouTube while the other classes not.

D. The Statements of the Problem

Based on the background of the research, the researcher found
some problem then the writers formulate specific statements as
follows;

1. How is students’ procedure text of the second grade at SMK YP

Fatahillah 1 Cilegon?
2. How is DIY video on YouTube applied in teaching procedure text
at the second grade of SMK YP Fatahillah 1 Cilegon?
3. How is the influence of DIY video on YouTube in teaching
writing procedure text at the second grade of SMK YP Fatahillah
1 Cilegon?

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E. The Objectives of the Research

Based on the statement of the problem above, the objectives of

this study are to find out;

1. To describes the student writing skill at SMK YP Fatahillah

Cilegon before using DIY video on YouTube.
2. To describe the teaching writing procedure text using DIY
video at first grade of SMK YP Fatahillah Cilegon
3. To know the influence of DIY video on students writing in
procedure text at first grade of SMK YP Fatahillah Cilegon

F. The Significant of the Research

The significant of the research are divided to:

1. Theoretical significance
a) The result of this study may give more information about
improving student’s writing skill using DIY video from
YouTube
2. Practical significance
a) the writer expect that it would be effort for the first grade
student of SMK YP Fatahillah 1 Cilegon to improve their
writing in procedure text using DIY video
b) For the teacher, the research findings could be used to improve
the successful of teaching–learning process

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G. Previous Study

The researcher finds some previous studies of researcher about

The Effectiveness of YouTube English Video To Improve Writing Skill
of procedure text research as follows:
The first previous study of research is arranged by Sumartini. Her
student register is 1101120707. She was studied at IAIN PALANGKA
RAYA 2011. Her title about research is “The Effectiveness YouTube
Video Toward Students’ Writing Skill Of Animal Description At The
Eighth Grade of MTs N 2 Palangka Raya16, This study is aimed at
measuring the effect of using YouTube video media toward student’s
writing skill of animal description at the eight grade of MTs N 2
Palangka Raya. In this study, it is used quasi-experimental design. There
were two groups in this study, control group (VIII G) which consists of
32 students and experimental group (VIII H) which consists of 32
students. In this experiment, that writer taught the students directly with
the same material. Therefore, the use of YouTube video media was
applied on experiment group only, and for the control group that applied
picture media. To examine the hypothesis, the writer used t-test formula.
In addition, the writer used SPSS 21.0 program to compare the data.
The result of t-test using manual calculation showed that the
calculated value (t observed) was greater than t table at 5 % significance
level or 2.000 <5,502. This indicated that the alternative hypothesis
stating that using YouTube video media does not give effect toward
students’ writing skill of animal description at eighth grade in MTs N
Palangkaraya was rejected. Therefore, teaching writing animal

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description using YouTube video media at the eighth grade of MTs N
Palangka Raya was effective at 5% significance level.2

Nuria Ulfi Hidayati (063411030) with the title: Improving

Students’ in Writing Procedure Text Using Realia (A classroom action
research with students’ at seventh grade o SMPN 18 Semarang in the
academic year of 2010-2011). Based on the research the assumption that
generally improving students’ to writing procedure text using .realia, it’s
means think real. The method in this research is A classroom action
research. The the researcher found that 9 students (40%) have good
ability to write and correct their procedure text and the rest was 60% of
the sample 21 students found difficulties in making write procedure text.3

2
Sumartini, Thesis: “The Effectiveness YouTube Video Toward Students’ Writing Skill
of Animal Description at the Eight Grade of Mts N 2 Palangka Raya”.(Palangka Raya:
IAIN Palangka Raya, 2015) p.x
3
Nuria Ulfi Hidayati, Improving Students’ in Writing Procedure Text Using Realia. (
Educational Faculty State Institute For Islamic Studies Walisongo, 2012) Unpublished
Thesis