Work hard in Silence Let Your Success Be the Noise.

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 Active and Passive Voice
 Only transitive verbs has two voices:
i. Active Vice
ii. Passive Voice
For Example
 The teacher punish the boy
 The active voice more emphasize on the object.
 The boy was punished by the teacher.
 Rules
 In Active Voice
 Subjects act upon objects
 Sub + Verb + Obj
 Emphasis on Subject
 Use for writing the concise meaning
 In Passive Voice
 The object is acted upon by the subject
 Obj + Verb + Sub
 Emphasis on Object
 Passive Voice better explain thought of sentence
 Another reason is that when subject is not exactly known, there are
cases in which we do not have subject.
Structure Requirements:
 Auxiliary Verb
 3rd form of Verb
 Preposition “by”
Example
 Shopkeeper closes the shop. (Active Voice)
 The shop is closed. (Passive Voice)

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 Passive voice for Tenses
Note: Perfect Continuous tense will not be changed + Future continuous
1. Present Simple Tense
 Auxiliary Verb = is/are/am + 3rd form of verb
 Example
 He sings a song. (Active)
A song is sung by him. (Passive)
 He does not sing a song. (Active)
A song is not sung by him. (Passive)
 Does he sing a song? (Active)
Is a song sung by him? (Passive)

2. Present Continuous Tense

 Auxiliary Verb = am being/are being + 3rd form of the verb
 Example
 I am writing a letter. (Active)
A letter is being written by me. (Passive)
 I am not writing a letter. (Active)
A letter is not being written by me. (Passive)
 Am I writing a letter? (Active)
Is a letter being written by me? (Passive)

3. Present Perfect Tense

 Auxiliary Verb = has been/have been
 Example
 She has finished her work. (Active)
Her work has been finished by her. (Passive)
 She has not finished her work. (Active)

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 Her work has not been finished by her. (Passive)
 Has she finished her work? (Active)
Has her work been finished by her? (Passive)

4. Past Simple Tense

 Auxiliary Verb = was/were + 3rd form of verb
 Example
 I killed a snake. (Active)
A snake was killed by me. (Passive)
 I did not kill a snake. (Active)
A snake was not killed by me. (Passive)
 Did I kill a snake? (Active)
Was a snake killed by me? (Passive)

5. Past Continuous Tense

 Auxiliary Verb = was being/were being + 3rd form of the verb
 Example
 He was a driven g a car. (Active)
A car was being driven by him. (Passive)
 He was not driving a car. (Active)
A car was not being driven by him. (Passive)
 Was he driving a car? (Active)
Was a car being driven by him? (Passive)

6. Past Perfect Tense

 Auxiliary Verb = had been + 3rd form of verb
 Example
 They had completed the assignment. (Active)
The assignment had been completed by them. (Passive)
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  They had not completed the assignment. (Active)
The assignment had not been completed by them. (Passive)
 Had they completed the assignment? (Active)
Had the assignment completed by them? (Passive)
7. Future Simple Tense
 Auxiliary Verb = will be + 3rd form of verb
 Example
 She will buy a car. (Active)
A car will be bought by her. (Passive)

 She will not buy a car. (Active)

A car will not be bought by her. (Passive)
 Will she buy a car? (Active)
Will a car be bought by her? (Passive)

8. Future Perfect Tense

 Auxiliary Verb = will have been + 3rd form of verb
 Example
 You will have started the job. (Active)
The job will have been started by you. (Passive)
 You will not have started the job. (Active)
The job will not have been started by you. (Passive)
 Will you have started the job? (Active)
Will the job have been started by you? (Passive)

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 Passive Voice for Present/Future Models
(Can, may, might, should, must ought to)

Active Voice (Can) Passive Voice (Can be)

 She can play a violin.  A violin can be played by her.
 A violin cannot be played by
 She cannot play a violin.
her.
 Can she play a violin?  Can a violin be played by her?
Active Voice (May) Passive Voice (May be)
 The computers may be bought
 I may buy the computers.
by me.
 The computers may not be
 I may not buy the computers.
bought by me.
 May the computers be bought
 May I buy the computers?
by me?
Active Voice (Might) Passive Voice (Might be)
 Chess might be played by the
 Guess might play chess.
guests.
 Chess might not be played by
 Guess might not play chess.
guests.
 Might chess be played by
 Might guess play chess?
guests?
Active Voice (Should) Passive Voice (Should be)
 Students should study all  All lessons should be studied by
lessons. the students.
 Students should not study all  All lessons should not be
lessons. studies by the students.

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 Should students study all  Should all lessons be studied by
lessons? the students?
Active Voice (Must) Passive Voice (Must be)
 You must learn the test taking  Test taking strategies must be
strategies. learnt by you.
 You must not learn the test  Test taking strategies must not
taking strategies. be learnt by you.
 Must you learn the test taking  Must test taking strategies be
strategies? learnt by you?
Active Voice (Ought to) Passive Voice (Ought to be)
 They ought to take the  The examination ought to be
examination. taken by them.
 They ought not to take the  The examination ought not to
examination. be taken by them.
 Ought to be the examination
 Ought to take the examination?
taken by them?

Passive Voice for Past Models

(Might have, Should have, must have, ought to have)

Active Voice (Might have) Passive Voice (Might have been)

 He  Meal
might have eaten meal. might have been eaten by him.
Active Voice (Should have) Passive Voice (Should have been)
 The
 You
book should have been studied by
should have studied the books.
you.

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 Active Voice (Must have) Passive Voice (Must have been)
 You  Job
must have started job. must have been started by you.
Active Voice (Ought to have) Passive Voice (Ought to have been)
 You  He
ought to have helped him. ought to have been helped by you.

Passive Voice for Imperative Sentences

A sentence which expresses a command or request or an advice is
called an imperative sentence.
 Auxiliary Verb = be +3rd form of verb
 After object “be” will be added
 “Let” will be used before object
 Example
 Close the door. (Active)
Let the door be closed. (Passive)
 Complete your work. (Active)
Let your work be completed. (Passive)
 Kill the snake. (Active)
Let the snake be killed. (Passive)

Note:
It is requested to you people that must change the example and don’t ratafy the
same examples…

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