Smart Energy
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Date 2
CASE STUDY
Smart energy systems for smart city districts: case study: Reininghaus District
Background
Dense urban reimbursement systems have heavy energy demands. These requirements
usually outweigh the supply of local resources. Individual supply choices designed to satisfy
these needs vary from place varying within the city's borders[ CITATION Lun17 \l 1033 ]. Cities
are driven to conserve electricity, increase renewables and reduce the reliance on imports of
fossil fuels in the common sense of European governance. Many creative ideas and technology
to meet these requirements are open. This paper offers an extensive approach to the design and
evaluation of developing 'smart' energy systems that contribute to the use of various on-site
Methods
Using the P-graph (Process Graph) tool, energy systems can be optimized using the
heating, storage, and cooling various energy sources. This paper deals with building an urban
important to research this scenario[ CITATION Mut18 \l 1033 ]. It integrates on-site sources
with cooling and local industrial waste, including current district heating, natural gas, and
electric power, at different network temperatures and resources. The research also covers
Ecological evaluation of the environmental effects of the power systems built with the
Results 3
For the Reininghaus Districts' urban planning concepts, various scenarios focused on two
construction specifications, OIB (low energy house standard) and NZE (passive house standard).
The findings of these scenarios demonstrate a large range of energy system systems, often
triggered by minor cost or pricing shifts, with significant variations[ CITATION Mut18 \l 1033 ].
Optimization reveals that minor improvements to the price/cost arrangement set-up will make a
smart city district supply dramatically different from the ideal energy scheme.
FUNCTIONALITY
New, environmentally sustainable developments are the core concepts of the smart city
model. An example of the idea of intelligent cities is an investment in clean energy sources
(RES), which are now a common way to transform urban areas. It is also useful to analyze how
Polish towns face this problem and how the RES facilities are included in their planning
strategies[ CITATION Pap16 \l 1033 ]. The paper aims to explore and evaluate the extent of the
Many methods rely on the development of intelligent energy systems and intelligent
energy systems as 100% renewables. The predefinition of a new target resource system in this
work was presented to leave the door open to comparing current energy systems and facilities
such as fossil energy systems[ CITATION Pie18 \l 1033 ]. This analytical approach aims to
provide knowledge on optimum technology networks and evaluate ecologically and socio-
To meet the research objectives of the Smart and Efficient Energy Systems Framework
Strategy for Cities, the PNS was selected. In this approach, complex structures can be modeled 4
and optimized energy systems found until the applicable issues can be thoroughly examined
using a modeling or architecture procedure. (SPI) Sustainable Process Index will and Energetic
other hand, address interdisciplinary concerns relating to diverse regulatory systems and an
extensive ecological assessment. Phase periods in different energy systems can thus be assessed
environmentally and offer a realistic model and knowledge for a stakeholder process.
The quest for and planning for an intelligent economy revealed optimal energy systems
with PNS. The results reveal that the most commercially viable energy solution at current rates is
decentralized commercial waste-heat gas burners. Checking to demand variability shows that the
potential for combustion of gas does not become part of the electricity chain when natural gas
retail prices (16% OIB) increase and a slight increase (4 percent NZE-standard). Additional
urban waste heat and decentralized heat pumps should instead be used
commercially[ CITATION Mut18 \l 1033 ]. The district heat price must be reduced by 9 percent
to be financially sustainable in the OIB normal case; the fossils price must rise by 26% in the
NZE standard case or otherwise. Solar thermal collectors can also become financially viable
according to additional criteria such as energy demand density. With the new high price
standard, the extremely expensive energy infrastructure of the modern local district heat is not
financially viable.
The need for an intelligent city, and a synonym for a far-reaching term, was also listed as
not less significant than the financial problem in the context segment. It means that an
environmental assessment of the discussed energy technology systems scenarios will promote
1033 ]. After process optimization and ecological assessment, resources, financial and ecological
factors were overlapped, and the most environmentally sustainable scenario at the lowest cost
was found. It is seen as the most economically viable (revenue of more than EUR 640,000 /year)
and the most environmentally friendly approach (more than 60% mitigation capacity of ecologic
heat pressures) to supplying the new quarter when compared to the alternative systems of low-
temperature waste heat and decentralized heat pumps. This situation has the highest financial
income if cooling water energy cost is available at very low rates at ten °C from deep-water
wells. 6
REFERENCES
Lund, H., Østergaard, P. A., Connolly, D., & Mathiesen, B. V. (2017). Smart energy and smart
Mutule, A., Teremranova, J., & Antoskovs, N. (2018). Smart city Through a flexible approach to
Papa, R., & Fistola, R. (Eds.). (2016). Smart energy in the smart city: urban planning for a
Pieroni, A., Scarpato, N., Di Nunzio, L., Fallucchi, F., & Raso, M. (2018). Smarter city: smart
energy grid based on blockchain technology. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol, 8(1), 298-
306.
