Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 31 views

    HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) : 1. Binding and Fusion (Attachment)

    Uploaded by

    mon chéri
    HIV infects T helper cells and uses them to replicate itself. It attaches and fuses to the cell, converts its genetic material into HIV DNA, and takes over the cell's functions to produce more HIV particles. These new viruses then bud from the cell and infect other cells. The immune system initially responds by killing infected cells, but HIV evolves to evade detection. It eventually overwhelms the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to other infections and causing AIDS without treatment. Early HIV infection may cause flu-like symptoms, while later stages bring additional complications as the virus destroys more immune cells.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) : 1. Binding and Fusion (Attachment)

    Uploaded by

    mon chéri
    31 views5 pages
    HIV infects T helper cells and uses them to replicate itself. It attaches and fuses to the cell, converts its genetic material into HIV DNA, and takes over the cell's functions to produce more HIV particles. These new viruses then bud from the cell and infect other cells. The immune system initially responds by killing infected cells, but HIV evolves to evade detection. It eventually overwhelms the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to other infections and causing AIDS without treatment. Early HIV infection may cause flu-like symptoms, while later stages bring additional complications as the virus destroys more immune cells.

    Original Title

    HIV VIRUS PRESENTATION

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    HIV infects T helper cells and uses them to replicate itself. It attaches and fuses to the cell, converts its genetic material into HIV DNA, and takes over the cell's functions to produce more HIV particles. These new viruses then bud from the cell and infect other cells. The immune system initially responds by killing infected cells, but HIV evolves to evade detection. It eventually overwhelms the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to other infections and causing AIDS without treatment. Early HIV infection may cause flu-like symptoms, while later stages bring additional complications as the virus destroys more immune cells.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    31 views5 pages

    HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) : 1. Binding and Fusion (Attachment)

    Uploaded by

    mon chéri
    HIV infects T helper cells and uses them to replicate itself. It attaches and fuses to the cell, converts its genetic material into HIV DNA, and takes over the cell's functions to produce more HIV particles. These new viruses then bud from the cell and infect other cells. The immune system initially responds by killing infected cells, but HIV evolves to evade detection. It eventually overwhelms the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to other infections and causing AIDS without treatment. Early HIV infection may cause flu-like symptoms, while later stages bring additional complications as the virus destroys more immune cells.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 5

    HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

    1. Proses Infeksi HIV/HIV life cycle


    1. Binding and fusion (attachment)
    HIV attaches to a T-helper cell. It then fuses to it and releases its genetic information
    into the cell.

    2. Reverse transcription (conversion) and integration


    Once inside the T-helper cell, HIV converts its genetic material into HIV DNA, a
    process called reverse transcription. The new HIV DNA then enters the nucleus of
    the host cell and takes control of it.
    3. Transcription and translation (replication)
    The infected T-helper cell then produces HIV proteins that are used to produce more
    HIV particles inside the cell.

    4. Assembly, budding and maturation


    The new HIV is put together and then released from the T-helper cell into the
    bloodstream to infect other cells; and the process begins again.
    2. Response tubuh terhadap HIv
    They release a protein called perforin which punctures the infected cells, allowing
    enzymes to be injected, triggering auto-destruction. For a while, the defence hols and
    virus levels drop, but HIV begins its counterattack.

    It disables the cell’s antiviral proteins, allowing new particles to leave the cell. They also
    constantly mutates inside the cell to evade detection –The immune system can’t fight
    what it can’t see. Eventually, the immune system wears itself out.

    Killer T cells activated for too long become exhausted and no longer respond to
    infection. Also, the body loses the ability to make new helper T cells to replace those
    killed in the fight, and as a result, their numbers plummet.

    Ultimately, the body becomes immunodeficient, and this condition is known as AIDS.
    Without treatment, exposure to otherwise harmless microbes could be fatal. We still
    have no way of eliminating HIV from the body completely. There is no cure, and hidden
    reservoirs of HIV will rebound if treatment stops.

    However, treatment with antiretroviral drugs can swing the balance, allowing the
    immune system to recover from the battle and live to fight another day.

    3. Gejala HIV
    Stage 1: Acute HIV Infection
    Within 2 to 4 weeks after infection with HIV, about two-thirds of people will have a flu-
    like illness. This is the body’s natural response to HIV infection.

    Flu-like symptoms can include:


     Fever
     Chills
     Rash
     Muscle aches
     Sore throat
     Fatigue
     Swollen lymph nodes
     Mouth ulcers
    These symptoms can last anywhere from a few days to several weeks. But some people
    do not have any symptoms at all during this early stage of HIV. However, just because
    you’re experiencing these symptoms, it might not always be HIV. To be sure, get an HIV
    test.
    Stage 2: Chronic HIV infection
    In this stage, the virus still multiplies, but at very low levels. People in this stage may not
    feel sick or have any symptoms.
    Stage 3: AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
    If you have HIV and you are not on HIV treatment, eventually the virus will weaken your
    body’s immune system and you will progress to AIDS. This is the late stage of HIV
    infection.
    Symptoms of AIDS can include:

     Rapid weight loss


     Recurring fever or profuse night sweats
     Extreme and unexplained tiredness
     Prolonged swelling of the lymph glands in the armpits, groin, or neck
     Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week
     Sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals
     Pneumonia
     Red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth,
    nose, or eyelids
     Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders
    When a virus winds up inside the body, it's usually met with a furious onslaught from
    the immune system. White blood cells (T helper cells) immediately respond by releasing
    antiviral proteins, attacking infect f cells and recruiting backup. Usually this is enough,
    but HIV pushes the immune system beyond its limits.

    HIV infects one of the immune cells that is central to the body's response to pathogens
    —the helper T cell.

    You might also like