| Campbell, Tyler

Tyler Campbell

Stephen Guenzel

ENC 1102

18 October 2021

Final Research Dossier

Research Introduction:
For the given research assignment, I will be investigating and analyzing the effects of
Covid-19 on the practices of medical students within the United States post graduate education
system. Since the beginning of the year 2020 many of our lives have been altered, disrupted, or
influenced by the newfound spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virulent strain of the Coronavirus
condition. Seemingly fictitiously, our society was put on hold for an extensive period of time as
an international pandemic overcame society. Now that our lifestyles are returning to relative
normalcy, we stress the term “relative” as our common daily practices resemble nothing from
that of our pre- covid tendencies. Although I am not yet in medical school myself, I have noticed
this change in the practices of regular individuals, and therefore hypothesize that those on the
forefront of medical study and field research, likely have dramatized effects. Within Medical
school, it is common practice to withhold the same standard of those in the medical industry,
while studying in practical medicinal situations. As many of us know, general practices
throughout the United States have changed in the times of Covid-19. These changes include far
more strict levels of sanitation and illness preventative methods. For those working in healthcare,
these practices are exasperated.
Such changes are exemplified through the presence of mask mandates, quarantine,
gathering restrictions. Even that list isn’t comprehensive to the changes that we have seen
throughout the spread of this illness. To fully analyze the effects of the virus on specifically
medical students, one must first develop a set of preexisting practices and factors that then will
be documented as changed or unchanged. Statistical data such as infographics and tables will be
extraordinarily helpful in this pursuit. Among some of the potential factors will be student
education satisfaction, quality of life satisfaction, student drop-out and fail out rates, comparative
test scores, vaccination requirements, etc. This analysis will ultimately help analyze if our
medical program has undergone significant change, and additionally if said change has a positive
or negative effect on student performance and quality of life.
Because the spread of this virus was first acknowledged as international in March of
2020, the effects of lifestyle change are relative to current day students, and the research areas
for this project will primarily analyze current situations. This project therefore can be considered
as forefront in comparison to many other studies. This will limit not overall source availability,
but source type availability. Since the main area of analysis is so current, it is obvious that the
publications will primarily consist of articles, academic journals, and papers, as there hasn’t been
significant enough time to publish full novels. Keeping this in mind, much of the research I will
conduct on medical students before the Covid-19 pandemic, will offer a large selection of full
text publications. The necessary variance in publication differential will then still be met.
 | Campbell, Tyler

In regard to my current education, I (as well as many of my peers) have been greatly
influenced by the presence of covid-19 and it’s mandatory preventative measures. Although my
academic career has flourished during this time, my area of study is rudimentary comparative to
that of a medical student. I therefore have high personal interest in seeing what impacts (if any)
have occurred in today’s medical student population.

RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Subject: Research Proposal: A Study: The effects of the covid-19 pandemic on present day post-
undergraduate medical students.
Topic description: In times of Covid-19, there have been unprecedented levels of individuals
who’s livelihood or education are now fully reliant upon the internet or online spaces. Along
with this transition, have come numerous challenges. Whether one is a medical employers,
entrepreneurs, student, or educator, it is fair to assume your life has been altered by the
pandemic. It is therefore fair to analysis the effect of the pandemic as a whole on medical
students. The scope of said analysis would range from overall differences in education, to student
quality of life approval. Among the most important methods in this pursuit are the habitual
changes that are now required within medical universities. I plan to research and analyze the
differences found within medical schools in times of Covid-19 comparative to times preceding
the international pandemic.

Documentation Style: Based on my major and the general publication norm that I’ve noticed
over the years, I feel that MLA is the appropriate documentation guide/style. This is because
nearly all of the works I’ve encountered follow or have followed this format.

Purpose: My major is currently biological sciences however I do plan on focusing eventually

into Biological Engineering. This topic is of much interest to me as I will very soon myself be in
medical school. As I have already been exposed to several changes in my studies and daily life, I
hypothesize that said changes would greater affect those in post undergraduate studies. I feel that
if I explore this area, I’ll be able to formulate whether the changes in society have overall
benefitted or negatively impacted students of medicine.

Intended audience: My intended audience for my research paper is obviously linked foremost
to my fellow classmates as they will benefit most from the knowledge and ideas presented. I
have found that not many individuals can rival the sheer amount of scholarly work read and
analyzed by those who sponsor or pursue academia, and therefore feel most publications should
be geared toward those individuals. I plan to follow this belief while researching and writing
while defining terms explaining concepts and applying rhetoric to my argument

Research Question / Preliminary Thesis / Argument: 

 | Campbell, Tyler

“What is the impact of Covid-19 on the students of medicine in graduate studies throughout the
United States?”
“The use of preventative action and newfound habits during times of Covid-19 and its effect on
mental health in academia.”
Types of research areas: Within my paper I plan to conduct both scholarly and internet research
as I feel that’s all that is necessary. My paper with be intertextually comparing many publications
and therefore I’ll likely have a plethora of data and references.
Keywords: Make a list of 3-5 keywords and phrases for research.  Most Popular Biological
Medical school acceptance rates pre/post covid, Medical school test scores, Medical research
Publications 2020, Education Retention Studies Biological Science.
Tentative List of References: 
Stanford University. "Plants evolved complexity in two bursts -- with a 250-million-year hiatus."
ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 16 September 2021.
<www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/09/210916142851.htm>.

Maslin, M. A., Shultz, S., & Trauth, M. H. (2015). A synthesis of the theories and concepts of
early human evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.Series B,
Biological Sciences, 370(1663), 20140064. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0064

University of Kent. "A universal equation for the shape of an egg." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily,
31 August 2021. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/08/210827133748.htm>.

Carrion, J. S., Rose, J., & Stringer, C. (2011). Early human evolution in the western palaearctic:
Ecological scenarios. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30(11-12), 1281-1295.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.04.003

Hoffmire, S. Y. (2002). National geographic dinosaurs. Science and Children, 39(6), 31-32.

Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/national-geographic-
dinosaurs/docview/236899125/se-2?accountid=10003

Artifacts, visuals, graphs or charts: 

 | Campbell, Tyler

Research Schedule:
October 2021
Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday
Monday Monday01 Monday01 Monday01 Monday01 Monday01 Monday01

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Workshop Complete Peer-

Draft Research Review
Dossier

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Final Draft More Focused
Research Draft of
Dossier Rhetorical
Analysis &
Create Reverse
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Fourth Draft of Workshop Draft
Rhetorical Rhetorical
Analysis Analysis

00311 00311 00311 00311 00311 00311 00311

Complete Peer- Design your
Review Pechakucha
Pitch for the
TED Talk

00311 00311
 | Campbell, Tyler

November 2021
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
Monday 1 2 3 4 5 6
Workshop Draft Final Draft
Rhetorical Rhetorical
Analysis Analysis,
Workshop
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Workshop
draft 1

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Complete Workshop
Peer-Reviews Draft Self-
Assessment

28 29 30 31 00311 00311 00311

Final Draft Submit TED E-Portfolio
Research Talk Link and
Paper & Course Feedback on
Complete evaluation Presentations
Peer-Review
00311 00311
 | Campbell, Tyler

Annotated Bibliography:
Working title:

The effect of Covid -19 on healthcare and medicinal practices within society.

Research Areas:

What is healthcare?
Why did covid-19 cause a pandemic?
Preventative methods for covid-19.
How did info spread during covid 19?
Examples of washing hand signs wear mask etc.
What practices have changed in patient care?
What practices have changed in academia?
What will happen moving forward:
Are we forever changed or will we resort back to old practices?

Alphabetized Sources:
1.
Bhatia, Raghav T et al. “Exercise in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
(SARS-CoV-2) Era: A Question and Answer Session with the Experts Endorsed by the Section
of Sports Cardiology & Exercise of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology
(EAPC).” European journal of preventive cardiology 27.12 (2020): 1242–1251. Web.
Author: The European Journal of Preventive Cardiology is a peer-reviewed medical journal that
covers research on the cardiovascular system.
BEAM:
This document provides an ample amount of cardiovascular research regarding the virus, as well
as its effect on people. This in turn provides framework for preventative care and what exactly is
necessary to aid those in healthcare professions/academia.
2.
Source:
Ciotti, Marco et al. “COVID-19 Outbreak: An Overview.” Chemotherapy (Basel) 64.5-6 (2020):
215–223. Web.
Author:
Marco Ciotti conceived the study and wrote the manuscript for this publication and many others.
BEAM:
Since its discovery, the virus has spread globally, causing thousands of deaths and having an
enormous impact on our health systems and economies. Within this text they summarize the
faculties of this disease within the view of immunology and epidemiology.
3.
Source:
Dale, Christopher R et al. “Surge Effects and Survival to Hospital Discharge in Critical Care
Patients with COVID-19 During the Early Pandemic: a Cohort Study.” Critical care (London,
England) 25.1 (2021): 70–70. Web.
Author:
 | Campbell, Tyler

Clinical Assistant Professor, Health Systems and Population Health at the University of
Washington
BEAM:
This article details the information found within a study analyzing the mortality per
hospitalization rate for Covid-19, as well as the care and procedures taken. This will highlight
the procedures followed by students undergoing field residency.
4.
Source:
Fong, Dominic et al. “Evaluating the Longitudinal Effectiveness of Preventive Measures Against
COVID-19 and Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Cancer Outpatients and
Healthcare Workers.” Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift 133.7-8 (2021): 359–363. Web.
Author:
Although many authors contributed to this work, the research case studies were directed by
Dominic Fong.
BEAM:
This source documents a retrospective study analyzing the effectiveness of preventative
measures while contracting coronavirus. This will either affirm or disapprove the end results of
my own research.
5.
Source:
Gössling, Stefan, Daniel Scott, and C. Michael Hall. “Pandemics, Tourism and Global Change:
a Rapid Assessment of COVID-19.” Journal of sustainable tourism 29.1 (2020): 1–20. Web.
Author:
The Journal of Sustainable Tourism is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal, publishing
theoretical, conceptual and empirical research about sustainable tourism.
BEAM:
This publication follows an analytical model as it explains the relationship between covid-19
spread and tourism. It also talks about preventative healthcare methods and their prevalence
within our society.
6.
Source:
Hajek, André, and Hans-Helmut König. “Social Isolation and Loneliness of Older Adults in
Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Can Use of Online Social Media Sites and Video Chats
Assist in Mitigating Social Isolation and Loneliness?” Gerontology (Basel) 67.1 (2021): 121–
124. Web.

Author:
The authors are University led research specialist’s in both economics and mental healthcare
who have published several titles.
BEAM:
This text brings up the potential cause effect relationship between social isolation caused by
covid-19 preventative measures and a downturn in general mental health. This will help to
contextualize a medical student’s perspective toward online learning.
7.
Source:
 | Campbell, Tyler

Howell, Michael D, and Jennifer P Stevens. Understanding Healthcare Delivery Science. 1st

Edition. New York, N.Y: McGraw-Hill Education LLC, 2020. Print.
Author:
Jennifer Stevens, MD is an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School, and has several
publications.
BEAM:
This publication speaks on the delivery of healthcare. In context to this assignment, this will aid
in the pre covid medical treatment analysis.
8.
Source:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/garydrenik/2021/02/04/the-pandemic-has-made-us-germaphobes-
data-shows-heres-how-cleaning-businesses-are-stepping-in/?sh=1a69ae065536
Author:
Forbes is an American business magazine owned by Integrated Whale Media Investments and
the Forbes family. Published eight times a year, it features original articles on finance, industry,
investing, and marketing topics.
BEAM:
This online publication highlights the growth in sales of cleaning and antibacterial supplies
directly proportionate to the spread of covid19. This highlights a major change in societal
behavior.
9.
Source:
Kurcer, Mehmet A, Zeynep Erdogan, and Vildan Cakir Kardes. “The Effect of the COVID-19
Pandemic on Health Anxiety and Cyberchondria Levels of University Students.” Perspectives in
psychiatric care (2021): n. pag. Web.
Author:
A multipublished Author with 7 listed publications in Biomedical and Sociological Research.
BEAM:
This research analyzed the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health anxiety and
cyberchondria levels of university students. The original hypothesis was supported as it was
found that many students did suffer from health related anxiety only upon the spread of Covid-
19.
10.
Source:
Salzman, Joshua et al. “Effects of Voluntary Attendance Patterns on First Year Medical
Students’ Wellness During COVID‐19.” The FASEB journal35.S1 (2021): n. pag. Web.
Author:
James Salzman is the Donald Bren Distinguished Professor of Environmental Law 
BEAM:
This study is conductive to UCF Medical school students. It analyzed their post pandemic study
habits as well as non-mandatory attendance patterns.
11.
Source:
Sarteau, Angelica Cristello et al. “Changes to Care Delivery at Nine International Pediatric
Diabetes Clinics in Response to the COVID‐19 Global Pandemic.” Pediatric diabetes 22.3
(2021): 463–468. Web.
 | Campbell, Tyler

Author:
Doctoral Fellow in Nutrition, Epidemiology & Intervention Development. Multiple Publications
reference this author as a co contributor due to her participation in research.
BEAM:
This publication outlines the exact changes that healthcare providers at a University led hospital
had to acknowledge and follow during the pandemic while treating patients with and without
recognized covid symptoms.
12.
Source:
Stratton, Samuel J. “Post-Pandemic Emergency Medical Services.” Prehospital and Disaster
Medicine 36.3 (2021): 249–250. Web.
Author:
Dr. Stratton is Editor-in-Chief for the journal, Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, which has a
focus on publishing international scientific papers.
BEAM:
This publication speaks about the effects of covid-19 on the world healthcare organizations. It
highlights both the collapse of several patient ready organizations as well as the strides many
took to avoid over crowdedness during the pandemic.
13.
Source:
Syed, Mohsin et al. “The Effects of COVID‐19 Pandemic Lockdown on Medical Students’
Academic Performance and Stress Levels Based on Their Gender and Age.” The FASEB
journal 35.S1 (2021): n. page. Web.
Author:
An author for the Journal of FASEB Experimental biology with multiple publishes studies.
BEAM:
This study analyzes the COVID‐19 academic interruption caused emergency pedagogical
transformation of medical school curricula in the Spring of 2020 when the country went into
lockdown. It also includes the overall.
14.
Source:
Torelli, Vincent, Elena Tran, and Christine Lomiguen. “The Effect of COVID‐19 on Medical
Student Confidence.” The FASEB journal 35.S1 (2021): n. pag. Web.
Author:
Elena Tran (Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine), Vincent Torelli (Lake Erie College of
Osteopathic Medicine) conducted the research and led the directive for publication.
BEAM:
This text analyses several case studies done to test the confidence of medical students who had
undergone online versions of their work comparative to those with in person coursework.
15.
Source:
YavaA Celik, Melike. “The Effect of Staying at Home Due to COVID‐19 Outbreak on Nursing
Students’ Life Satisfaction and Social Competencies.” Perspectives in psychiatric care 57.2
(2021): 655–659. Web.
Author:
I found absolutely no information on this author. Published by Wiley corp.
 | Campbell, Tyler

BEAM:
This publication highlights the overall life satisfaction and social competencies of students taking
classes remotely during the pandemic. It additionally analyzed the students willingness to stay
home following the addition of optional attendance to in person coursework.