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    Research Work On Water Pollution

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    Aditi Kumari
    This document discusses research on water pollution. It defines water pollution as the addition of substances or energy forms by human activity that negatively alter the nature of bodies of water, like lakes and rivers, making them unsuitable for human or biological use. The main sources of water pollution are identified as point sources with a single origin like wastewater pipes, and non-point sources with diffuse origins like agricultural runoff. Common types of water pollution come from sewage, industry, agriculture, and urban runoff.

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    Research Work On Water Pollution

    Uploaded by

    Aditi Kumari
    32 views3 pages
    This document discusses research on water pollution. It defines water pollution as the addition of substances or energy forms by human activity that negatively alter the nature of bodies of water, like lakes and rivers, making them unsuitable for human or biological use. The main sources of water pollution are identified as point sources with a single origin like wastewater pipes, and non-point sources with diffuse origins like agricultural runoff. Common types of water pollution come from sewage, industry, agriculture, and urban runoff.

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    RESEARCH WORK ON WATER POLLUTION

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    This document discusses research on water pollution. It defines water pollution as the addition of substances or energy forms by human activity that negatively alter the nature of bodies of water, like lakes and rivers, making them unsuitable for human or biological use. The main sources of water pollution are identified as point sources with a single origin like wastewater pipes, and non-point sources with diffuse origins like agricultural runoff. Common types of water pollution come from sewage, industry, agriculture, and urban runoff.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    32 views3 pages

    Research Work On Water Pollution

    Uploaded by

    Aditi Kumari
    This document discusses research on water pollution. It defines water pollution as the addition of substances or energy forms by human activity that negatively alter the nature of bodies of water, like lakes and rivers, making them unsuitable for human or biological use. The main sources of water pollution are identified as point sources with a single origin like wastewater pipes, and non-point sources with diffuse origins like agricultural runoff. Common types of water pollution come from sewage, industry, agriculture, and urban runoff.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    RESEARCH WORK ON WATER POLLUTION

     It is the contamination of waterbodies as a result of


    human activities.
     Waterbodies include lakes, rivers, oceans, etc.
     Water pollution results when contaminants are
    introduced into these water bodies.
    A practical definition of water pollution is: "Water pollution is
    the addition of substances or energy forms that directly or
    indirectly alter the nature of the water body in such a
    manner that negatively affects its legitimate uses"
    Therefore, pollution is associated with concepts attributed to
    humans, namely the negative alterations and the uses of the
    water body. Water is typically referred to as polluted when it
    is impaired by anthropogenic contaminants. Due to these
    contaminants it either does not support a human use, such
    as drinking water, or undergoes a marked shift in its ability to
    support its biotic communities, such as fish.
     Sources of water pollution: Point and Non point sources.
    Point sources have one identifiable cause, such as a
    storm drain or a wastewater treatment plant. Non-point
    sources are more diffuse, such as agricultural runoff.
     Water pollution traditionally is attributed to four
    sources:
    1. sewage
    2. industry
    3. agriculture
    4. urban runoff including stormwater.
     Supplying clean drinking water is an important
    ecosystem service provided by some freshwater
    systems, but approximately 785 million people in the
    world do not have access to clean drinking water
    because of pollution.
     Industrial Wastewater: Using the US as an example, the
    main industrial consumers of water (using over 60% of
    the total consumption) are power plants, petroleum
    refineries, iron and steel mills, pulp and paper mills, and
    food processing industries. Some industries discharge
    chemical wastes, including solvents and heavy metals
    (which are toxic) and other harmful pollutants such as
    nutrients. Certain industries (e.g. food processing)
    discharge high concentrations of biochemical oxygen
    demand (BOD) and oil and grease. Some industrial
    discharges include persistent organic pollutants such as
    per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).
     Agriculture: Agriculture is a major contributor to water
    pollution. The use of fertilizers leads to Nutrient
    pollution, in which excess nutrients, usually caused by
    nitrogen- or phosphorus-containing compounds that are
    the main components. Sources of nutrient pollution
    include surface runoff from farm fields and pastures,
    discharges from septic tanks and feedlots (sewage - see
    below - is also high in nutrients). In addition to plant-
    focused agriculture, fish-farming is also a source of
    pollution. Additionally, ag runoff often contains high
    levels of pesticides.
     Sewage: Used water is wastewater. It comes from our
    sinks, showers, and toilets (think sewage) and from
    commercial, industrial, and agricultural activities (think
    metals, solvents, and toxic sludge). The term also
    includes stormwater runoff, which occurs when rainfall
    carries road salts, oil, grease, chemicals, and debris from
    impermeable surfaces into our waterways.
     Urban Runoff: Urban runoff is stormwater discharged to

    surface waters from rooftops, roads and parking lots,


    and reservoirs. Often it is captured in large retaining
    ponds. It is subject to high suspended solids as well and
    elevated nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations.

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