Western Colleges, Inc.: The Effectiveness of Social Media Tools and Their Roles: Basis in Creating Political Awareness
Western Colleges, Inc.: The Effectiveness of Social Media Tools and Their Roles: Basis in Creating Political Awareness
Western Colleges, Inc.: The Effectiveness of Social Media Tools and Their Roles: Basis in Creating Political Awareness
A Thesis
Proposal
Presented
to the faculty of the
Senior High School Department
In partial fulfilment
of the requirements for
Practical Research 1
BY:
Frincess Dian L. Acbang
Georjamay S. Acibar
Mac Jester R. Agaton
Terence Clyde A. Bernal
2021
i
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
This thesis entitled “The Effectiveness of Social Media Tools and their Roles:
Basis in Creating Political Awareness” prepared and submitted by Frincess Dian L.
Acbang, Georjamay S. Acibar, Mac Jester R. Agaton and Terence Clyde A.
Bernal. A partial fulfilment of the requirements in Practical Research 1 has been
examined and is hereby recommended for Proposal Defense.
Adviser
ii
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
APPROVAL SHEET
Adviser
Chairman
Research 1.
Principal
iii
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researcher would like to extend his/her deepest gratitude to all people
To her beloved parents, who always help and guide his/her in this research,
this research.
To our adviser Sir Ronnie E. Pasigui, who always help and encourage to
And above all to Almighty God, who gave his/her strength, knowledge,
good health, wisdom, and guidance that enlightened her heart and mind to make
Georjamay S. Acibar
iv
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Approval Sheet ii
Acknowledgement iii
Table of Contents iv
Chapter Page
3. Research Methodology 15
Research Design 15
Research Locale 16
Population, Samples and Sampling Techniques 17
Research Instrument 18
Data Gathering Procedures 18
Statistical Treatment of Data 19
References
Appendices
Questionnaire
Curriculum Vitae
v
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
CHAPTER 1
The Problem and Its Background
In this study, discuss the introduction and background of the study. It also
and hypothesis. In like manner the scope and delimitation of the study, significance of
1.1 Introduction
Social media is incredibly powerful, and since the advent of the internet, it
has evolved from a simple way for people to stay in touch to a massive global
the easiest, fastest, and most explosive way to transmit and receive information!
And best of all, absolutely everyone can benefit from it. As the world's population
continues to grow rapidly, it is clear that social media is not a fad either. Its
influence is remarkable. Both small businesses and large corporations have used
this influence to reach new customers and generate real and honest communication.
The Internet plays an important role in providing information to the public about
political events, engaging its users, and encouraging them to participate in political
activities offline. The Internet has become indispensable for political debates and
tool for political parties to inform the public about their websites.
dramatically changed the world. For instance, new media and technology have
1
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
2010). Students actively use new media for political information such as sharing
opinions and discussing issues around politics with fellow community members.
In Pakistan, Facebook is the most used network among youth for political
information compared with other social networks such as Twitter. According to the
recent study, Pakistan has the second highest population of youth in the world after
Yemen which has created huge impact on the dynamics of Pakistan’s politics
(Ittefaq & Iqbal, 2018). Since 2008, Pakistan’s political parties are actively using
social media and it has changed the dynamics of politics in Pakistan. The majority
population for political discussion through various online groups, pages, and
providing the platform for political participation and changing their political
efficacy. New media users are active in politics and political discourse and the
Internet has developed the interests toward politics of its users and improved
political efficacy of the respondent which create their online and offline political
engagements.
2
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
1.2 Background
share memes and keep up with what’s trending. It can also be a very powerful way
for government agencies to interact with the public. After all, not many things have
changed the way the public interacts with governments more than social media. On
social, people can engage in direct dialogue with politicians, civic officials, and
even entire government agencies. It also gives them a chance to engage back.
because it is mainly about sensitivity to public policy and government (Keck and
Sikkink, 2014). The awareness about political legacies can help people in
generated contents work as a discussion forum for people. With user generated
capacities for connecting emotive and cognitive means. With certain knowledgeable
capacities, people can make better judgments about political decisions (McDonald
&Thompson, 2016).
The Internet can also transform the way political groups and politicians’
campaign, stay in touch with voters, and forge alliances with other groups or
individuals. The Internet can also allow small groups with limited resources to
offering political news and possibilities. The internet has found to be accelerating an
3
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
people to connect and virtually engage with different communities that can serve
Interpersonal Ties
Worldwide Examples
Criticisms of Social
Media’s Effect on Politics
ties between human beings. People are connected to others with these ties and thus
4
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
Weak ties are more influential in information carrying in a society since strong
ties tend to overlap each other. Considering the weak ties removed the people with
strong ties would form closed groups without bridges to the other groups and this
would disable them to receive information from outside of their own groups.
In online social networks people stay in touch both with their strong ties and
weak ties. In the worldwide used social networks such as Twitter and Facebook
people get newsfeeds or tweets not only from their close friends but also from their
acquaintances. So, a frequent user of a social network can receive tweets or posts
from a contact that she has not seen more than a year. This was not possible before
Considering the factors above, social media became an advantageous area for
political organizations and activists to voice their thoughts and send out their
propaganda to many people with low cost and effort. As the power of social media on
politics has been apprehended and started being utilized, the world has witnessed
There are also opinions contradicting the social media’s positive contribution
to the political participation. The opposing ideas gather around the following three
main arguments: False and unreliable information is one of the weaknesses of social
media. There are two types of spread of false and unreliable information.
done intentionally. Another problem of social media is that people share a lot of
private information on social networks which makes it possible for third parties to
access. Some researchers claim that rather than activists and political groups, it is the
5
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
authoritarian regimes that benefit from social media through harvesting information of
opponent groups easily. Another criticism associated with the internet and the social
media is that they cause slacktivism. Slacktivism is a term derived from combination
of two words “slacker” and “activism” and used for activism on the internet simply by
liking a page or retweeting without being really engaged or devoted to make a change
Data Awareness.
- Level of
political awareness.
- Significant
relationship between
level of effectiveness
6
in creating political
awareness.
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
awareness?
awareness?
4. Based on the findings of the study, what political strategy shall be?
1.6 Hypothesis
7
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
Inc., a high school department composing secondary (junior high school and senior
The researcher could not explore all the sections due to limited time
scheduled for the study. Therefore, the researcher collected data only from few
The Politicians - propose, support, and create laws that govern the land and, by
extension, its people. Broadly speaking, a politician can be anyone who seeks to
The Community - it is an individual's ability to critically analyze the political, social,
The Voters - the law does not require citizens to vote, but voting is a very important
process.
The Researchers - the purpose of our major is to deepen knowledge and
politics. In general, the Internet has become a dominant force when it comes to how
campaign funds are raised, information is accessed, perspectives are shared and
8
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
Although numerous studies detail rates of online social media use among
youth and adult populations, and although the correlations between such activities
and a range of political activities have been explored and still working to clarify
whether when forms of online activity with social media foster political engagement.
Internet use and offline political participation found that although most of those
studies identified a positive association between the two, that association was
typically not very strong. As scholarship has advanced and new media have
continued to evolve, more recent research has focused more specifically on the
Earth. The term, as used in this article refers in a more restricted way to
Internet – is a vast network that connects computers all over the world.
Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate from
end-users
9
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
political party, candidate for partisan political office, or partisan political group.
Political Strategy - is a plan to win and sustain formal power over major
10
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature and Studies
In this chapter discusses the review of related different literatures and studies.
and diversification of services using internet. Internet with World Wide Web laid
ground for electronic mail services, discussion forums, blogs, social networks, online
shopping sites, media sharing platforms etc. One of the most significant concepts
Internet brought to our lives is social media applications where users access various
effects in various areas in society. From producers trying to reach new markets to
social media for their own needs and purposes. This led to a huge number of people to
use online services. Today, Facebook has more than eight hundred fifty million users
and more than 23% of these users check their accounts more than five times a day
(Honigman, 2012).
One of the most important outcomes of the increase in the social media use
and development of social media technologies can be seen in the areas of politics. As
11
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
appeal interests of politicians and political activists as well. In many parts of the world,
their political campaigns. The effects of social media on the area of politics are not
limited by the use by prominent political leaders and parties (Agence France-Presse,
2013).
The blogs, the video sharing websites, the social networks gave great
events, the propaganda videos were shared on YouTube, the personal opinions, the
articles supporting the movement were written and shared on the blogs. Some studies
after the movement underline the significance of the social media during the protest
of democratic development. Some studies (Bakker & Vreese, 2011) show that youth
academic concern about the low political participation among youth in many parts of
developing and developed nations. What is specific about youth is that they are not
tendencies are directed toward new media – Internet and social networks.
Dalrymple & Scheufele (2007) explain how ‘political knowledge presents a two-
such as names, issues, and events. Second, conceptual integration is a person’s ability
12
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
to take these smaller bits of information and string them together to create larger ideas
and abstract terms.’ A relationship between the use of online news sources and levels
of integrated knowledge was tested in their research. They concluded that online news
media have positive effects on integrated knowledge gain, such as candidate likes and
Nowadays, when there are many forms of social networks, two of them
stand out - Facebook and Twitter. The use of these two platforms, in political sense.
Furthermore, social networks like Facebook and Twitter are increasingly used as a
source of news (Pew, 2015). Facebook is far the most popular and most used social
network. In 2015 there was one billion active daily users, and today Facebook can be
proud of averagely 1.32 billion active users every day (Facebook official site, 2017).
1.23 million people represents one sixth of the total world population and when only
one type of social media (in this case Facebook) has so many active daily users, it is
easy to conclude that the impact of social networks on people and their everyday lives
really exists.
Conroy et. al. (2012) showed that Facebook positively affects political
engagement, and they explain it with following: ‘Facebook allows for the creation of
online political groups that provide many of the benefits that we have known face-to-
face groups to provide for decades, such as information, motivation for political action,
and a forum for discussion and communicative exchanges.’ Examining the link
are researched together. Hyun & Kim (2015) found out that political conversation via
13
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
awareness is one of the main necessities of life because the formation of the popular
political awareness about vital and crucial events and issues helps with the
development of societies and paves the way for the institutions of the civil society to
be active within those societies, which requires unceasing efforts. The change on the
level of awareness cannot be achieved through speeches or writing, instead, there must
be well-studied scientific and logical programs intended to help achieve that goal.
Indeed, it is quite important to think of how to transfer those reformatory ideas to that
considerable number of people, on how to assess their effects and on how to control
and channel them. This can only be done through specialized institutions responsible
Alsati & Al-Ghanem (2017) stipulate that educational institutions play the
biggest role in shaping the individuals’ political awareness and practices through their
educational approaches and activities, through the lectures and conferences of their
teachers and through their educational courses and curricula so that they prepare the
assuming responsibility and enable them to assuredly fulfil their duties and cling to
their rights. The importance of political awareness is one of the main necessities of life
because the formation of the popular political awareness about vital and crucial events
and issues helps with the development of societies and paves the way for the
institutions of the civil society to be active within those societies, which requires
unceasing efforts. The change on the level of awareness cannot be achieved through
speeches or writing, instead, there must be well-studied scientific and logical programs
14
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
intended to help achieve that goal. Indeed, it is quite important to think of how to
assess their effects and on how to control and channel them. This can only be done
through specialized institutions responsible for steering the various life aspects.
As mass media failed to fulfill its duty of informing citizens during the
events, social media rose out. Many of the protests were announced on the social
media. People shared photos, videos, their thoughts, and ideas on the events. The
citizen journalism played an important role (Uckan, 2013). Even though, social media
played a multifunctional and effective role during the events, it also received some
criticisms because of false news and posts. The lack of control mechanisms in social
media and high emotional commitments of people during the events resulted in
15
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
CHAPTER III
Research Methodology
the research design, the subject of the study, the research locale and instrument, the
steps used in data gathering and the statistical treatment of data used in treating the
data.
(https://www.questionpro.com/blog/quantitative-research/).
used to gather in-depth insights into a problem or generate new ideas for research. It
is used to understand how people experience the world. While there are many
approaches to qualitative research, they tend to be flexible and focus on retaining rich
16
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
(https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-research/).
observe the effectiveness of social media tools in their basis in creating a political
awareness.
development of knowledge networks in R&D and this paper seeks to present that a
17
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
Colleges Inc. is 276. The grade 11 is consisting of 6 sections, first is Aquinas total
population is 47 from the given population only 23 will be the representative taken to
be the respondents. Next is bacon has 44 the representative taken to respondents is 22,
18
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
Aquinas 47 23
Bacon 44 22
Confucius 49 24
Dewey 44 22
Epictetus 47 23
Frobel 45 22
The researcher will used simple random sampling. It is a method used to cull a smaller
size from a larger population and use it to research and generalize about the larger
group. The advantages of a simple random sample include its ease of use and its
effectiveness of social media tools and their basis in creating political awareness.
This study used online surveys and program questionnaires for the problem
number 1 and problem number 2. The program questionnaires composed of the level
19
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
To gather the vital data for this investigation, the researcher underwent the
The researchers think of the topic they want to study and make their own title.
After the title was approved by their adviser, the researcher immediately designs the
statement of the problem. Then researcher started to make some backgrounds about the
study. After that, they formulated a proposed survey questionnaire for validation of the
adviser.
The researcher starts doing the first chapter on second week of April 2021 until
first week of April, after finalizing the title the researcher starts doing the introduction,
the researcher finds the best introduction and citation. After that the researcher continue
doing the other parts like background of the study, theoretical framework, conceptual
framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis, scope and delimitation of the study,
finishing the chapter 1 the researcher start doing the chapter 2 second week of April, the
researcher start citing the RRL or Review of Related Literature of every variable in the
research. After that the chapter 3 is started last week of April, the researcher starts in
research design that explain the qualitative and quantitative design and then research
locale, population, sample, and sampling techniques the researcher used the simple
random sampling, and online surveys and program questionnaires for research instrument,
20
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
3.6 STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA
used.
point. To do this, one could multiply each effect size by the sample size for that study,
sum each of these results, and then divide the sum by the sum of all the sample sizes
Where:
Σ = summation
w = the weights
x = the value
The responses of the respondents were interpreted using the following scale
degree to which the two variables coincide with one another that is, the extent to
21
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
which two variables are linearly related: changes in one variable correspond to
22
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
References
https://www.socialmediatoday.com/content/what-makes-social-media-so-
influential-infographic
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:844954/FULLTEXT01.pdf
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2158244019864484
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327836402_Role_of_Social_Networking_a
nd_Media_in_Political_Awareness_in_Public
https://blog.hootsuite.com/social-media-government/
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:844954/FULLTEXT01.pdf
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10584609.2018.1426662
https://sophia.stkate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1653&context=msw_papers
https://www.richtmann.org/journal/index.php/jesr/article/view/12406/12002
https://methods.sagepub.com/reference/encyclopedia-of-survey-research-
methods/n195.xml#:~:text=A%20frequency%20distribution%20is%20a,each
%20value%20occurs%20(frequencies)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001417300167
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/mathematics/weighted-mean
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-research/
23
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
PROGRAM QUESTIONNAIRE
I.
4 – Always used
3 – Moderately used
2 – Rarely used
1 – Never used
Political Awareness
Facebook
Instagram
Snapchat
TikTok
Twitter
YouTube
II.
4 – Highly Effective
3 – Moderately Effective
2 – Somewhat Effective
1 – Ineffective
24
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
Snapchat
TikTok
Twitter
YouTube
25
Western Colleges, Inc.
High School Department
Naic, Cavite
26