The document contains questions about basic thermodynamics concepts asked by a student named Tegar Agung Prihantoro from class PVTO 3B, including defining open, closed, and isolated systems, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, pure substances, state, process, and cycle, the zeroth law of thermodynamics, quasi-static processes, and reversible work. Tegar provides detailed answers explaining each concept, differentiating between system types, and describing state, process, cycle, the zeroth law, quasi-static processes, and reversible work.
The document contains questions about basic thermodynamics concepts asked by a student named Tegar Agung Prihantoro from class PVTO 3B, including defining open, closed, and isolated systems, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, pure substances, state, process, and cycle, the zeroth law of thermodynamics, quasi-static processes, and reversible work. Tegar provides detailed answers explaining each concept, differentiating between system types, and describing state, process, cycle, the zeroth law, quasi-static processes, and reversible work.
The document contains questions about basic thermodynamics concepts asked by a student named Tegar Agung Prihantoro from class PVTO 3B, including defining open, closed, and isolated systems, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, pure substances, state, process, and cycle, the zeroth law of thermodynamics, quasi-static processes, and reversible work. Tegar provides detailed answers explaining each concept, differentiating between system types, and describing state, process, cycle, the zeroth law, quasi-static processes, and reversible work.
The document contains questions about basic thermodynamics concepts asked by a student named Tegar Agung Prihantoro from class PVTO 3B, including defining open, closed, and isolated systems, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, pure substances, state, process, and cycle, the zeroth law of thermodynamics, quasi-static processes, and reversible work. Tegar provides detailed answers explaining each concept, differentiating between system types, and describing state, process, cycle, the zeroth law, quasi-static processes, and reversible work.
THEORETICAL QUESTIONS BASIC CONCEPTS OF THERMODYNAMICS 1. Define a thermodynamic system. Differentiate between open system. closed system and an isolated system. 2. How does a homogeneous system differ from a heterogeneous system? 3. What do you mean by a pure substance? 4. Explain the following terms :State. Process, and, Cycle. 5. Explain briefly zeroth law of thermodynamics. 6. What is a quasi-static process ? 7. what do you mean by 'reversible work? ANSWER: 1. An Open System is a system in which there is a transfer of matter and energy between the system and its environment. If a closed system is a system where there is no movement of matter but only allows energy transfer between the system and its environment. Meanwhile, an Isolated System is a system where it is not possible to transfer both material and energy between the system and its environment. Based on the above explanation, we can conclude that open, closed, and isolated systems are categorized based on the possible transfer between matter and energy from the system to the surrounding environment.
2. The main difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous is that homogeneous
materials and mixtures have the same uniform composition and properties throughout whereas heterogeneous materials and mixtures do not have uniform composition or uniform properties.
3. Pure Substances are substances that have a constant (homogeneous) composition and also have the same (consistent) properties in all existing parts.
4. *State: thermodynamic state of a system is its condition at a specific time, that is fully identified by values of a suitable set of parameters known as state variables, state parameters or thermodynamic variables. *Process: thermodynamic process.The initial and final states are the defining elements of the process. The actual course of the process is not the primary concern, and thus often is ignored. *cycle:thermodynamic cycle consists two or more than two processes such that the state of the system returns to its original state after the series of processes.
5. The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two bodies are each in thermal equilibrium with some third body, then they are also in equilibrium with each other. This says in essence that the three bodies are all the same temperature. 6. quasi-static process (also known as quasi-equilibrium) is a thermodynamic process that happens slowly enough for the system to remain in internal equilibrium. An example of this is quasi-static compression, where the volume of a system changes at a slow rate enough to allow the pressure to remain uniform and constant throughout the system.
7. Reversible work means that the entire system (including the surrounding system) can be returned to the starting state. Irreversible work means that we can only bring the piston back to the starting state if we change the surrounding system.
