TASK 2

Install MS windows on the personal computer.

INSTALLATION OF WINDOWS XP:

AIM: To install Windows XP

Windows XP (codename Whistler, also known as Windows NT 5.1) is the latest

desktop version of the Microsoft Windows operating system. It was made publicly
available on October 25, 2001. Two editions of Windows XP are most commonly
available: Windows XP Home Edition which is targeted at home users and Windows
XP Professional which has additional features such as dual-processor support and
the ability to join a domain, a grouping of centrally managed Windows computers.
The letters "XP" originate from the word "Experience".

Step 1 : Prepare The Boot Sequence

Insert the windows XP cd in your cdrom and than go to the BIOS by hitting “DEL” or
“F12″ when your system in powering on. Go to Boot order and make sure cdrom is
on the first place.
Save settings and restart your computer.
Once you have successfully booted from the CD, you will see the Windows XP
“Welcome to Setup” screen. Press ENTER to begin the setup process.
Step 2: Accept the license agreement
When you see the Windows XP license agreement press F8 to accept it and
proceed.

Step 3: Searching for Previous Versions of Windows XP

Setup will search for existing Windows installations. You will see the next “repair or
install fresh copy” screen appear only if a Windows installation currently exists on
your machine. If you’re installing on a brand-new hard drive, skip to Step 5.
Step 4:Continue Installing a Fresh Copy
Press ESC. You will be given a list of partitions available on your hard drive.

Step 5: Partitions
If there are multiple partitions on your hard drive, or you have multiple hard drives in
the computer, use the UP or DOWN arrow keys to choose your install partition.
Please note that your system partition needs to be a primary partition (usually the
first partition that shows up in the list), not a logical partition.
The partition should be at least 10 GB in size. Make sure that all the data you need
from this partition is copied elsewhere, because it will be deleted.
Once you have selected the right partition selected, press ENTER. You will see the
next “you already have a system installed” screen only if you already have Windows
installed on this partition. If you are installing on a brand-new hard drive, skip to Step
7.

Step 6: Continue Installing On The Selected Drive

Press C to continue. You will be given a list of install options

Step 7: Format The Selected Partition

Select the option to “Format the partition using the NTFS file system (quick) and
press ENTER.You will receive a warning about formatting the drive unless the drive
is brand-new.
Step 8: Continue With The Format
Press F to continue formatting selected partition. If you still haven’t backed up, this is
the last change to backup your important data, after this step you will not to able to
go back and restore your data.

Step 9: Copying Files

After the format setup will automatically copy files and restart your computer. Go to
BIOS and remove cdrom from first boot device. Start your computer.
/

STEP 10: Setup will show a progress box and reboot when copying files is complete.
When you see the "Press any Key to Reboot" do not Press any Key. If CD boots
anyway, remove CD and reboot.

Step 11:From this point, you will follow the on screen prompts.
Step 12:If you live outside the US, you will probably need to modify the default
settings.
Step 13:If you live outside the US, you will probably need to modify the default
settings.
Step 14:Personalize your XP Enter your Name and Organization.

Step 15:Enter the Product Key. The Key is located on the back of the CD folder in the
Retail versions, and on a holographic label with the OEM versions purchased with a
piece of hardware. Write this key down and secure it in a safe place in case the
original is misplaced or destroyed through natural causes .

Step 16:Choose a name for the computer, this should be a unique name for the
computer, especially if it is to be connected to a network. In Pro, you are given the
option of creating a password or leaving it blank.
Step 17:Set your Time Zone and Time and Date.

Step 18: If detected you will have the choice to choose a typical  configuration or
custom. Choose typical if you are unsure.

Step 19: For home you will choose your workgroup, if a network is already
established and you intend to connect to it, use the existing workgroup name,
otherwise, I suggest using the default.
Step 20:For Pro, the same goes for Pro as suggested for Home, but you will have the
choice to join a Domain, if you do not have a Domain or do not know leave blank.
Setup will continue and reboot when completed ignore the "Press Any Key".
The XP loading window will now display after reboot.
TASK-3
FEDORA Linux Installation Process:

1. LINUX BOOT OPTIONS

Actually Linux can be installed in two different modes, based on the requirement of
the user.

Graphical Mode.

Text Mode.

Graphical Mode - In this you can work with Graphical Interface (i.e., it supports
mouse and Icons ). By clicking the icon with the mouse, you can perform related
action.

To install Linux in Graphical Mode Press Enter.

Text Mode - In this mode you have to interact with character based interface ( i.e.,
Command prompt ).

To install Linux in Text Mode Type : Linux text and Press Enter.

After selecting the mode of installation, it goes on detecting the basic input output
devices and file systems. And at last it displays a screen asking whether to test the
CD inserted to install or to Skip the test process. Otherwise we can test total
installation CD’s.

On completion of testing the CD’s, it goes on loading an installation program

“ANACONDA” which helps us in the installation of the remaining part.
2 WELCOME TO INSTALLATION PROCESS
It starts with the display of the welcome screen containing the online help , and four
buttons to help us in the different activities in the installation process.

Hide Help/Show Help - Which helps you in guiding the installation process, which can
be activated or hidden.

Release Notes - Which contain the Basic Hardware Requirements that are necessary
for the installation of the Red Linux 9.0 and some other post-installation issues.

Next - This button allows you to go to next step of the installation process by the
current step.

Back - This button allows you to move back of the installation process to make any
changes that previously mentioned.

Action: click “Next” to move to next screen.

3. SELECTING A LANGUAGE
It displays a screen containing various languages, to select a language you would
like to use during this installation process.
4. CONFIGURING KEYBOARD AND MOUSE

Here we need to select our own keyboard and mouse layouts which will help you to
interactively proceed in the installation process.

At this point of time it displays you the different types of keyboard layouts. So that
you can select your desired one that you would like to use for the system.

And also choose the appropriate Mouse for the system, based on the following:

Do you have a PS/2, USB, Bus or Serial mouse?

Hint:- If the connector your mouse plugs into is Round - It is a PS/2

If the connector your mouse plugs into is Rectangular - It is a USB mouse

If the connector your mouse plugs into is Trapezoidal - It is a Serial mouse

Select the exact mouse type among the available.

5. TYPE OF INSTALLATION:

There are different installation types that are available which will enable you to select
that will best meet your needs.

There are four different types of installations are there –

Personal Desktop
- You select it for personal computers or laptops, select this installation type to install
a graphical desktop environment and create a system ideal for home or desktop use.
Work Station
- This option installs a graphical desktop environment with tools for software
development and system administration.
Server
- If you would like to set up file sharing, print sharing, and web services and
additional services.
Custom
- Select this installation type to gain complete control over the installation process,

Including software package selection and authentication preferences.:

6. PARTITIONING THE DISK

Partitioning the disk can be done either automatically or manually.

AUTOMATIC PARTITIONING
– By selecting automatic portioning, you will not have to use partitioning tools to
assign mount points, create partitions, or allocate space for your installation.
Automatic partitioning allows you to have some control concerning what data is
removed from your system.

To remove only Linux partitions remove all Linux partitions on this system.
To remove all partitions on your hard drive, select remove all partitions on this
system.

To retain your current data and partitions, assuming you have enough free space
available on your hard disk, select Keep all partitions and use existing free space.

You can review the partitions that are automatically created using the check box
Review (and modify if needed) the partitions created.

MANUAL PARTITIONING
– To partition manually, choose the Disk Druid partitioning Tool. For the manual
partitioning of Linux installation you need assign disk space for the three compulsory
file systems, they are /boot, /(root), swap
/boot
- This type of partition should of ext3 file system type. For this /boot partition a
minimum of about 150MB is necessary.
Swap
The swap partition should of swap file system type having a minimum of the double
the RAM available on your system. (i.e., if, RAM is of 512MB, your swap should be a
minimum of 1024MB.)
/(root) –
The symbol ‘/’ stands for the root. This root partition should be a minimum of 5GB.
And you can also increase it based on your availability to increase your system
performance.

To add a new partition Just click on the NEW button and select your mount point (i.e.,
directory of partition ex: /, /boot, /user, etc., ), select your file system type among the
available i.e. Ext3, ext2, swap, vfat, etc., ), and you have different additional size
options like Fixed Size, Fill all space up to(MB), Fill to maximum allowable size. And
also you can make a partition to be primary partition and check for the bad blocks on
each partition.

Now we have to partition our hard disk. You can choose to let the Fedora installer do
the partitioning, or you can do it yourself. I want to create a small /boot partition (less
than 100 MB) with the file system ext3, a swap partition and a huge / partition (again
with ext3):
Now the boot loader GRUB will be installed. You can leave the default settings
unchanged and click on Next:

7. BOOT LOADER CONFIGURATION

The GRUB boot loader will allow you to boot other operating systems. It will allow
you to select an operating system to boot from the list. To add another operating
system. You can also add other operating systems that are not detected
automatically.

For greater system security, you can set your password for the boot loader. To avoid
unauthorized changes to the system.

You can also change the type of boot loader other than GRUB, among the available
like LILO. And also you can avoid to install boot loader.
8. NETWORK CONFIGURATION

With this option you can set your Network devices manually or using DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) which will automatically takes default IP
address, and Net mask addresses. The DHCP also set your Hostname.

9. FIREWALL CONFIGURATION

A firewall configuration is set between yours computer and network. And decides
which resources of your computer are accessible by the remote users on the
network. On proper configuration of firewall we can set different security levels for the
system.
By using firewalls we can avoid any entrusted passage of data and also we can set
our own protocol supports.

10 . ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE SUPPORT

This screen shows different additional languages for installation. These additional
languages can be used to switch after installation process.

11. SELECTING A TIME ZONE

To set our time zone we can do it either by selecting computers physical location or
by your time zone’s offset from Universal Time, Coordinated. This screen shows two
tabs namely location and UTC Offset. First tab offers you the ability to configure by
location. Second tab allows to set UTC Offset.

12. ROOT PASSWORD SETTINGS

The Root password is for avoiding any unauthorized access to Administration

settings .
13. PERSONAL DESKTOP DEFAULTS

With this screen we can accept the default package list or we can customize the set
of packages to be installed.

14. SELECTION OF PACKAGES TO INSTALL

On selecting the customized set of packages we can select our own selection of
desktops, applications, servers, development tools and system tools to be installed
among the available.

And also we have an option to select a minimal set of packages and all the packages
that are available which will install complete set of packages(about 1400) which will
require about 4850 MB of space.

15. ABOUT TO INSTALL

This is the final step to make any modifications to the installation process. Once you
click the next button you cannot do any modifications.
16. INSTALLING THE PACKAGES

First it formats the file systems and copies the files to our hard disk to continue
installation. Then there starts the installing of packages which may take up to several
minutes of time during which we need to insert next two CD ROMs to complete the
installation process.
17. CREATING A BOOT DISK

Here the prompts you to create a Linux boot disk on your choice for your further
requirement.

18. CONFIGURING YOUR DISPLAY

At this stage you need to select your video card type and monitor configuration and
also you restore to the original values.
19. END OF INSTALLATION PROCESS At the end of the installation process it will
remove all the media that is used by the installation. And reboots your system again.

After the Installation:

After the installation your computer will reboot and you will go through a simple
configuration procedure to get your computer ready for use. It includes such things
as setting the time, setting the password for the "root" user, and creating other user
accounts.

Click Next:
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Click Next:
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