Mathematics ONE SHOTS - Sets

1 Write {7, 14, 21, …} in set builder form.

Options:
(a) x : x = 7n, n  N
(b) x : x = 5n, n  N
(c) x : x = 7n + 1, n  N
(d) none of these
Answer: (a)
Solution:
{7, 14, 21, …}= x : x = 7n, n  N

1 2 3 
2 Write  , , ,... in set builder form.
2 3 4 
Options:
 n 
(a)  x : x = ; n  N 
 2 
 n −1 
(b)  x : x = ; n N
 n +1 
 n 
(c)  x : x = ; n N
 n +1 
(d) none of these
Answer: (c)
Solution:
1 2 3   n 
 , , ,... =  x : x = ; n N
2 3 4   n +1 

3 Which is a finite set.

Option:
(a) {1, 2}
(b) [1, 2]
(c) Set of natural numbers
(d) None of these
Answer: (a)
Solution:
{1, 2} contains exactly 2 elements.
4 Write power set of {1, 2, 3}.
Options:
(a) P ( A ) = 1,2,3,1,2,2,3,1,3,1,2,3
(b) P ( A ) =  ,1,2,3,1,2,2,3,1,3,1,2,3
(c) P ( A ) = 1,2,3,1,2,2,3,1,3
(d) none of these
Answer: (b)
Solution:
A = {1, 2, 3}
P ( A ) =  ,1,2,3,1,2,2,3,1,3,1,2,3

5 Write power set of  ,1 .

Options:
(a) P ( A ) =  ,,1, ,1
(b) P ( A ) =  ,,1
(c) P ( A ) =  ,1
(d) none of these
Answer: (a)
Solution:
A =  ,1
P ( A ) =  ,,1, ,1

6 Find n ( P ( A) ) if A = {a, b, c}
Options:
(a) 3
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) 8
Answer: (d)
Solution: If A = {a, b, c}
n(P(A)) = 2n(A) = 23 = 8

7 If n(A) = p and n(B) = q and number of elements in power set of A is 62 more than number of
elements in power set of B. Find p and q.
Options:
(a) 2 and 5
(b) 5 and 8
(c) 6 and 8
(d) 6 and 1
Answer: (d)
Solution: 2 p − 2q = 62
 2q ( 2 p − q − 1) = 2  31 = 2 ( 25 − 1)
 q = 1 and p – q = 5
 p=6

8 Find n(A) if number of subsets of A is 32.

Options:
(a) 5
(b) 15
(c) 18
(d) 20
Answer: (a)
Solution: Given no of subset of A = 32
2 ( ) = 32 = 25
n A

n(A) = 5

For any set A, ( Ac ) is equal to

c
9
Options:
(a) Ac
(b) A
(c) 
(d) None of these
Answer: (b)
Solution: The Complement of the Complement of a set is the set itself.

10 If A = {1, 2, 3} then find Ac if

(a) U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(b) U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
Solution:
(a) Given, U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
A = {1, 2, 3}
Then Ac = {4, 5}

(b) Given, U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

A = {1, 2, 3}
Then, Ac = {4, 5, 6, 7}

11 For any two sets A and B, (A – B)  (B – A) is equal to _____.

Options:
(a) (A – B)  A
(b) (B – A)  B
(c) (A  B) – (A  B)
(d) (A  B)  (A  B)
Answer: (c)
Solution:
 Clearly only (c) option satisfies the above condition.

12 If n ( A) = 5 , n ( B ) = 6 , n ( C ) = 7 , n ( A  B ) = 2 , n ( B  C ) = 3 , n ( C  A) = 4 and
n ( A  B  C ) = 1 , then n ( A  B  C ) = _____.
Options:
(a) 6
(b) 10
(c) 11
(d) none of these
Answer: (b)
Solution:
We know that
n ( A  B  C ) = n ( A) + n ( B ) + n ( C ) − n ( A  B ) − n ( B  C ) − n ( C  A ) + n ( A  B  C )
So, n ( A  B  C ) = 5 + 6 + 7 − 2 − 3 − 4 + 1 = 10 .

13 If A and B are two sets such that n (A  B) = 50, n (A) = 28 and n (B) = 32, find
n(A  B).
Options:
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 9
(d) 10
Answer: (d)
Solution: Consider
n ( A  B ) = n ( A) + n ( B ) − n ( A  B )
 50 = 28 + 32 − n ( A  B )
 n ( A  B ) = 60 − 50 = 10

14 In a school there are 20 teachers who teach mathematics or physics. Of these, 12 teach mathematics
and 4 teach physics and mathematics. How many teach physics?
Options:
(a) 9
(b) 10
(c) 12
(d) 13
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Let A be the number of teachers who teach mathematics and B be the number of teachers who teach
 physics,
Consider,
n ( A) = 12
n ( A  B ) = 20
n ( A  B) = 4
To find: n(B) Consider:
n ( A  B ) = n ( A) + n ( B ) − n ( A  B )
20 = 12 + n(B) – 4
n(B) = 20 – 8 = 12
Therefore, 12 teachers teach physics

15 If n(A) = 5 and n(B) = 7 then find possible maximum and minimum value of n ( A  B ) if
n (U ) = 13
Solution:
Since n ( A) + n ( B ) = 5 + 7 = 12
Thus maximum value for n ( A  B ) is 12
Minimum value of n ( A  B ) is 7 (Such that A is in B)

16 A survey shows that 63% of class students like maths 1 and 76% like maths 2. If x% of class student
like both of them then:
Options:
(a) x = 39
(b) x = 63
(c) 39  x  63
(d) none
Answer: (c)
Solution: Let A be students who like Maths 1
Then n(A) = 63
Let B be students who like Maths 2
Then n(B) = 76
Given, n ( A  B ) = x
If we assume all students like either Maths 1 and Maths 2 then n ( A  B ) is 100
 n ( A  B ) = n ( A) + n ( B ) − n ( A  B )
100 = 63 + 76 – x
x = 139 – 100
x = 39 %
Thus minimum students who like both are 39%
n ( A  B ) is maximum students when A is contained in B
Thus, maximum students who like both the subjects is 63%
Clearly here we are assuming that there are students who neither like Maths 1 nor Maths 2, to be
precise there are 24% such students
Thus 39  x  63
17 There are 50 students. Every student reads 6 newspaper and each newspaper is read by (i.e. shared by)
10 students then find number of newspaper.
Options:
(a) 10
(b) 30
(c) 35
(d) 40
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Since every student reads 6 newspaper
Thus, total number of newspaper read = 6 × 50 = 300
But each news paper is shared by 10 students
6  50
Thus actual number of newspapers = = 30
10

18 : If A = 2, 3, 6 , B = 1, 2, 3, 4 and U = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 , then which of the following is/are

true?
Options:
(a) A  B = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
(b) A  B = 2, 3, 4
(c) A \ B = 6
(d) Ac \ B = 5, 7
Answer: (c), (d)
Solution:
Given A = 2, 3, 6 , B = 1, 2, 3, 4 and U = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 , which is represented in Venn
diagram as follows.

Clearly,
A  B = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
A  B = 2, 3
A \ B = 6
Ac \ B = 5, 7
19 Let n(U ) = 700, n( A) = 200, n( B) = 300 and n( A  B ) = 100, then n( A  B ) =
c c

(a) 400 (b) 600

(c) 300 (d) 200
Answer: (c)
Solution:
n(Ac  Bc ) = n[(AB)c]
= n(U ) − n( A  B )
= n(U ) − [n( A) + n( B) − n( A  B)]
= 700 – [200 + 300 – 100]
= 300

20 If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, C = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11} and D = {10, 11, 12, 13, 14}. Find
(A ∩ B) ∩ (B ∩ C) ∪ (A ∩ D) ∪ (A ∩ B)
(a) {4, 5, 10, 11} (b) {4, 5}
(c) {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14} (d) 
Answer: (b)
Solution:
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
C = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11}
 (A ∩ B) = {4, 5},
(B ∩ C) = {7, 8} and
(A ∩ D) = ϕ
Now, (A ∩ B) ∩ (B ∩ C) = {4, 5} ∩ {7, 8} = ϕ and
(A ∩ D) ∪ (A ∩ B) = ϕ ∪ {4, 5} = {4, 5}
 (A ∩ B) ∩ (B ∩ C) ∪ (A ∩ D) ∪ (A ∩ B) = {4, 5}