FABM2 Q3 Module 1
FABM2 Q3 Module 1
FABM2 Q3 Module 1
FABM 2
Quarter 3 - Module 1
The Statement of Financial Position
(Elements, Forms and its
Classifications)
FABM 2 – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 1: The Statement of Financial Position (Elements, Forms and
its Classifications)
First Edition, 2020
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FABM2
Quarter 3 – Module 1
The Statement of Financial
Position (Elements, Forms and
its Classifications)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Grade 11 Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business, &
Management 2 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The Statement of
Financial Position (Elements, Forms and its Classifications)!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
Welcome to the Grade 11 Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business, &
Management 2 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The Statement of
Financial Position (Elements, Forms and its Classifications)!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This will give you an idea of the skills or
What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
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This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
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I
This module for Fundamentals of Accounting, Business and Management explores all
concepts necessary in the Senior High School Accountancy, Business and Management Track.
This gives students a strong foundation which will be used throughout their Accounting
studies.
It is aligned with the BEC of the Department of Education following the prescribed
MELCs (Most Essential Learning Competencies.
It has the following features proven to be valuable aids to learning Accounting even at
home.
This section contains pre-activities like review of the prior knowledge pertaining to
accounting.
This module includes the elements of the Statement of Financial Position, its forms and
its classifications.
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
OBJECTIVES:
K: Identify the elements of the Statement of financial Position;
S: Prepare statement of financial position using report and
account form;
A: Gain important perception on the importance of the
statement of financial position.
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I
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7. Which of the following accounts is a current asset?
a. Bonds Payable
b. Property, Plant and Equipment
c. Trade and other payables
d. Trade and other receivables
8. Which of the following accounts is a non-current asset?
a. Accounts Payable
b. Capital
c. Cash
d. Trademarks
9. Which of the following accounts is a current liability?
a. Trade receivables
b. Retained Earnings
c. Trade Payables
d. Machineries
11. Purchased supplies on account, P900. Indicate the effect on the accounting equation.
a. Increase in asset, decrease in another asset.
b. Increase in asset, increase in liability.
c. Decrease in asset, decrease in liability
d. Decrease in asset, decrease in owner’s equity
12. Is the list of finished goods or goods used in production held by a company.
a. Inventory
b. Receivable
c. Notes Payable
d. Owner’s equity.
13. Provide services rather than products to customers.
a. Manufacturing Business
b. Merchandising Business
c. Service Business
D. None of the above
14. Also known as the “language of business”.
a. Finance
b. Organization
c. Management
d. Accounting
15. Mar-mar’s Eatery has assets of P800,000.00 and Owner’s Equity of P450,000.00. Using
the accounting equation, determine the Liabilities:
a. P800,000
b. P300,000
c. P450,000
d. P350,000
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’s In
We already have learned that the end product /output of accounting is useful financial
information. This useful financial information is the “story” that accounting tells to the
interested users.
Financial information is contained and communicated through the financial statements.
Financial Statements tells about what has and is happening in the business.
Financial statements are organized depictions of the events that happened in a business.
A complete set of financial statements are composed of the following:
1. Statement of Financial Position(Balance Sheet)
2. Statement of Comprehensive Income(Income Statement)
3. Statement of changes in Equity
4. Statement of cash Flow
5. Notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other
explanatory information.
’s New
Let us now focus on the first financial statement which is the Statement of Financial
Position or the Balance Sheet.
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION – Also known as the balance sheet. This
statement includes the amounts of the company’s total assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity
which in totality provides the condition of the company on a specific date. (Haddock, Price, &
Farina, 2012)
The items reported on the balance sheet correspond to the accounts outlined on your
chart of accounts. A statement of financial position/balance sheet is made up of the following
elements:
• Assets
o Current Asset
o Non current Assets
• Liability
o Current Liabilities
o Non current Liabilities
• Owner’s Equity
o Income
o Expenses
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is It
Assets
The assets section of the statement of financial position /balance sheet breaks down
what your business owns of value that can be converted into cash. Your statement of financial
position /balance sheet will list your assets in order of liquidity; that is, it reports assets in order
of how easily they can be converted to cash. There are two main categories of assets included
on your balance sheet:
Current Assets: Current assets can easily be converted to cash within a year or less. Current
assets are further broken down on the balance sheet into these accounts:
Cash and cash equivalents: These are your most liquid assets, including currency, checks and
money stored in your business’s checking and savings accounts.
Accounts receivable: Money that your clients owe you for your services that will be paid in
the short term.
Inventory: For businesses that sell goods, inventory includes finished products and raw
materials.
Prepaid expenses: Things of value that you’ve already paid for, like your office rent or your
business insurance.
Long-Term Assets: Long-term assets won’t be converted to cash within a year. They can be
further broken down into:
Fixed assets: Includes property, buildings, machinery and equipment like computers.
Intangible assets: Assets that aren’t physical objects, such as copyrights, franchise agreements
and patents.
Current Assets are arranged based on which asset can be realized first (liquidity). Current assets
and current liabilities are also called short term assets and shot term liabilities.
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Liabilities
The next section of a balance sheet lists a company’s liabilities. Your liabilities are the
money that you owe to others, including your recurring expenses, loan repayments and other
forms of debt. Liabilities are further broken down into current and long-term liabilities.
Current liabilities. Liabilities that fall due (paid, recognized as revenue) within one
year after year-end date, include rent, utilities, taxes, current payments toward long-
term debts, interest payments and payroll.
Long-term liabilities. Liabilities that do not fall due (paid, recognized as revenue)
within one year after year-end date. include long-term loans, deferred income taxes and
pension fund liabilities.
Noncurrent assets and noncurrent liabilities are also called long term assets and long
term liabilities.
Shareholders Equity
Shareholders equity refers to the amount of money generated by a business, the amount
of money put into the business by its owners (or shareholders) and any donated capital.
Shareholders equity is your net assets. On your balance sheet it’s calculated using this formula:
PERMANENT ACCOUNTS– As the name suggests, these accounts are permanent in a sense
that their balances remain intact from one accounting period to another. (Haddock, Price, &
Farina, 2012).
They are called permanent accounts because the accounts are retained permanently in
the SFP until their balances become zero. This is in contrast with temporary accounts which
are found in the Statement of Comprehensive Income (SCI). Temporary accounts unlike
permanent accounts will have zero balances at the end of the accounting period.
CONTRA ASSETS – Contra assets are those accounts that are presented under the assets
portion of the SFP but are reductions to the company’s assets.
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Balancing a Statement of Financial Position
When creating a Statement of Financial Position or Balance Sheet for your business it’s
important to understand that, as the name suggests, your Statement of Financial Position must
always be balanced. A Statement of Financial Position is divided into two sections, with one
side representing your business’s assets and the other showing its liabilities and shareholders
equity.
The total value of your assets must be equal to the combined value of your liabilities
and equity. When that’s the case, your document is said to be in balance. This idea is
represented by the foundational formula of balance sheets:
Liquidity
By comparing your business’s current assets to its current liabilities, you’ll get a clear
picture of the liquidity of your company, or how much cash you have readily available. You
always want to have a buffer between your current assets and liabilities to cover your short-
term financial obligations, with assets always greater than liabilities.
Efficiency
By comparing your income statement to your balance sheet, you can measure how
efficiently your business uses its assets. For example, you can get an idea of how well your
company is able to use its assets to generate revenue.
Leverage
Your balance sheet can help you understand how much leverage your business has,
which tell you how much financial risk you face. To judge leverage, you can compare the debts
to the equity listed on your balance sheet.
Statement of Financial Position can be presented in either Report form or Account form,
both formats will give the same balances.
Report form is form of the SFP that shows asset accounts first and then liabilities and
owner’s equity accounts after (Haddock, Price, & Farina, 2012).
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While account form of the SFP that shows assets on the left side and liabilities and
owner’s equity on the right side just like the debit and credit balances of an account (Haddock,
Price, & Farina, 2012).
Report Form
Assets
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 100,000.00
Accounts Receivable 500,000.00
Less: Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (50,000.00) 450,000.00
Accrued Income 300,000.00
Inventory 200,000.00
Prepaid Expenses 50,000.00
Total Current Assets 1,100,000.00
Noncurrent Assets
Long Term Investments 1,250,000.00
Intangible Assets 500,000.00
Property, Plant and Equipment 1,000,000.00
Less: Accumulated Depreciation (300,000.00) 700,000.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 2,450,000.00
Total Assets Php3,550,000.00
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Account Form
Name of Company
Statement of Financial Position
As of (Year-End)
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’s More
Assets CURRENT
Current Asset ASSET
Cash ₱ 100,000.00
Accounts Receivable 500,000.00
Less: Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (50,000.00) 450,000.00
Accrued Income 300,000.00
Inventory 200,000.00
Prepaid Expenses 50,000.00
Total Current Assets 1,100,000.00
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How to Prepare the Statement of Financial Position
a. Prepare the statement heading. This includes the name of the company, name of the
staement and the period covered.
b. Prepare the Asset Section
From the given trial balance, you the bookkeeper or accountant will determine the asset
and contra asset accounts. After which, the assets are categorized as current or non-current.
Finally, the current assets are arranged by liquidity meaning the ease of converting assets
into cash.
c. Prepare the Liabilities Section
As bookkeeper or accountant of the firm will now determine the liability accounts from
the given trial balance. You will then categorize liabilities as current and non current.
Finally the current and non-current liabilities are arranged by liquidity which means the
ease of converting/paying such liablities into cash.
d. Prepare the Owner’s Equity Section
This balances in this section is from the ending balances of the Statement of changes in
Equity.
e. Ensure that the Accounting Equation is balanced.
Finally, as bookkeeper you will ensure that the total assets will equate to
total liabilities and equities. The statement is footed and tested for mathematical accuracy.
Read each item carefully and use your notebook to write your answers.
Classify the following accounts whether they are asset, liability, or equity accounts. For asset
and liability accounts, classify whether they are current or noncurrent.
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I Have Learned
Directions: Complete the following statements. Write your statements in your activity
notebook.
3. Using the knowledge I have learned in this lesson, I will be able to...
_______________________.
I Can Do
Problem
A. Below are the accounts of Agatha Trading for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Accounts Payable ₱ 100,000.00
Accounts receivable 140,000.00
Capital 1,840,000.00
Cash 1,000,000.00
Inventories 450,000.00
Long term debt 300,000.00
Notes Payable 100,000.00
Notes Receivable 100,000.00
Property, Plant & Equipment 550,000.00
Supplies and other prepayments 100,000.00
Instructions: Prepare a statement of financial position and label its parts. After which, answer
the following questions.
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B. Read each item carefully and use your notebook to write your answers.
Cash – 5,000
Loans Payable – 77,500
Accounts Receivable – 2,600
Supplies – 2,300
Equipment – 17,000
Owner’s equity – 40,000
Accounts Payable – 22,400
Building – 113,000
A. Below are the accounts of Nature’s Spring Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Instructions: Prepare a statement of financial position and label its parts (10 points).
B. Multiple Choice
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Instructions: Find the missing amounts.
NITAY’S FISHING CORP.
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF MARCH 31, 2020
Assets Liabilities and Owner’s Equity
Current Assets Current Liability
Cash & Cash Equivalents ₱ 200,000.00 Accounts Payable ₱ 64,000.00
Accounts Receivable 34,600.00 Income Tax Payable 70,000.00
Supplies a.)________ Total Current Liabilities ₱ 134,000.00
Total Current Assets ₱ 254,000.00 Non-current Liability
Noncurrent Assets Loans Term Payable
Equipment ₱ 60,000.00 200,000.00
Building 180,000.00 Total Liabilities ₱ c.)__________
Vehicles 40,000.00
Total Noncurrent Assets b.)_______ Owner’s Equity
Total Assets ₱ 534,000.00 Common Stock d.)__________
Retained Earning 100,000.00
Total Owner’s Equity 200,000.00
Total Liabilities and
Owner’s Equity ₱ e.)__________
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Assessment
Nature’s Spring Corp.
Statement of Financial Position
As of December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 2,000,000.00
Accounts Receivable 180,000.00
Notes Receivable 160,000.00
Supplies & other prepayments 150,000.00
Inventories 550,000.00
Total Current Assets 3,040,000.00
Non- Current Assets
Property, Plant & Equipment 540,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 3,580,000.00
LIABILITIES & OWNER’S EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable ₱ 500,000.00
Notes Payable 640,000.00
Total Current Liability ₱ 1,140,000.00
Non-Current Liability
Long-term debt 400,000.00
Total Liabilities 1,540,000.00
OWNER’S EQUITY
Nature’s Spring, capital 2,040,000.00
Total Liabilities & Owner’s Equity ₱ 3,580,000.00
B. Multiple Choice Additional activities
1. B A. 20,000.00
2. C B. 280,000.00
3. A C. 334,000.00
4. A D. 100,000.00
5. D E. 534,000.00
What’s More
Account Element Classification WHAT I KNOW
Accounts Payable Liability current 1. D 11. A
Accounts Asset current
2. D 12. A
Receivable
Cash Asset current 3. D 13. C
Notes Payable Liability current 4. A 14. D
Cash on hand Asset current 5. A 15. D
Salaries Payable Liability current 6. B
Supplies Asset current 7. A
Prepaid Rent Asset current 8. D
Interest Payable Liability current 9. D
Equipment Asset non current 10. C
Notes Receivables Asset current
Dayupay, capital Owner’s current
Equity
Dayupay, Drawing Owner’s current
Equity
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B.
Account Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets Liabilities and Owner’s Equity
Current Assets Current Liability
Cash ₱ 5,000.00 Accounts Payable ₱ 22,400.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00 Noncurrent Liability
Supplies 2,300.00 Loans Payable 77,500.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00 Total Liabilities 99,900.00
Noncurrent Assets Owner’s Equity 40,000.00
Building 113,000.00Total Liabilities and
Equipment 17,000.00Owner’s Equity ₱ 139,900.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
Report Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 5,000.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00
Supplies 2,300.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00
Noncurrent Assets
Building 113,000.00
Equipment 17,000.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
Liabilities and Owner’s Equity
Current Liability
Accounts Payable ₱ 22,400.00
Noncurrent Liability
Loans Payable 77,500.00
Total Liabilities P 99,900.00
Owner’s Equity 40,000.00
Total Liabilities and Owner’s Equity ₱ 139,900.00
For Teacher Reference:
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WHAT CAN I DO
A.
Agatha Trading
Statement of Financial Position
As of December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 1,000,000.00
Accounts Receivable 140,000.00
Notes Receivable 100,000.00
Supplies & other prepayments 100,000.00
Inventories 450,000.00
Total Current Assets 1,790,000.00
Non- Current Assets
Property, Plant & Equipment 550,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 2,340,000.00
LIABILITIES & OWNER’S EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable ₱ 100,000.00
Notes Payable 100,000.00
Total Current Liability 200,000.00
Non-Current Liability
Long-term debt 300,000.00
Total Liabilities 500,000.00
OWNER’S EQUITY
Agatha, capital 1,840,000.00
Total Liabilities & Owner’s Equity ₱
2,340,000.00
a. Total current assets ₱ 1,790,000.00
b. Total non - current assets ₱ 550,000.00
c. Total current liability ₱ 220,000.00
d. Total non - current liability ₱ 300,000.00
e. Total Assets ₱ 2,340,000.00
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B.
Account Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets Liabilities and Owner’s Equity
Current Assets Current Liability
Cash ₱ 5,000.00 Accounts Payable ₱ 22,400.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00 Noncurrent Liability
Supplies 2,300.00 Loans Payable 77,500.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00 Total Liabilities 99,900.00
Noncurrent Assets Owner’s Equity 40,000.00
Building 113,000.00 Total Liabilities and
Equipment 17,000.00 Owner’s Equity ₱ 139,900.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
Report Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 5,000.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00
Supplies 2,300.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00
Noncurrent Assets
Building 113,000.00
Equipment 17,000.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
Liabilities and Owner’s Equity
Current Liability
Accounts Payable ₱ 22,400.00
Noncurrent Liability
Loans Payable 77,500.00
Total Liabilities P 99,900.00
Owner’s Equity 40,000.00
Total Liabilities and Owner’s Equity ₱ 139,900.00
References
Licuanan, Patricia B., et al. 2016. Teaching Guide for Senior High School Fundamentals of
Accountancy, Business, and Management 1. Pp. 2-3. Published by the Commission on Higher
Education
https://www.freshbooks.com/hub/accounting/balance-sheet
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