Platform Technologies - P1

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Section: BS in Information Technology - 2A

Day: Saturday
Time: 8:00-11:00
COURSE OBJECTIVE :
• The course aims to teach student about platform technologies that
enable a business model to low-level platforms that provide a
collection of business and/or technology capabilities that other
products or services consume to deliver their own business
capabilities.
• Understands the importance of keeping up-to-date with the latest
approaches and technology.
• Identifies learning opportunities and taking advantage of them.
• Embraces new ideas and opportunities.
WHAT IS A PLATFORM :
• A platform is a group of technologies that are used as a base upon
which other applications, processes or technologies are developed.
• A technology platform is an environment for building and running
applications, system and processes. These can be viewed as toolsets
for developing and operating customized and tailored services.
• In personal computing, a platform is the basic hardware (computer)
and software (operating system) on which software applications can
be run.
• Computers use specific central processing units (CPUs) that are
designed to run specific machine language code.
TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS:
1. Operating systems 9. Media Platforms
2. Computing platforms 10. API Platforms
3. Database platforms 11. Analytics
4. Storage platforms 12. Security
5. Application platforms 13. Robotics
6. Mobile platforms 14. Internet of Things
7. Web platforms 15. AI platforms
8. Content Management System 16. Game Platforms
WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM?
• is system software that manages computer
hardware, software resources, and
provides common services for computer
programs.
Ex. Windows, Mac OS, Linux, UNIX, IOS,
Android, etc.
LIST OF OPERATING SYSTEMS WITH THE LATEST
MARKETSHARE

OS Name Share
Windows 40.34
Android 37.95
iOS 15.44
Mac OS 4.34
Linux 0.95
Chrome OS 0.14
Windows Phone OS 0.06
HISTORY OF OPERATING SYSTEM
• Operating systems were first developed in the late 1950s to manage tape
storage
• The General Motors Research Lab implemented the first OS in the early
1950s for their IBM 701
• In the mid-1960s, operating systems started to use disks
• In the late 1960s, the first version of the Unix OS was developed
• The first OS built by Microsoft was DOS. It was built in 1981 by purchasing
the 86-DOS software from a Seattle company
• The present-day popular OS Windows first came to existence in 1985 when a
GUI was created and paired with MS-DOS.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
• Batch-Operating System - The user of a batch operating system never
directly interacts with the computer. In this type of OS, every user
prepares his or her job on an offline device like a punch card and
submit it to the computer operator.
• Single Tasking - system can only run one program at a time.
• Multi-tasking - operating system allows more than one program to be
running in concurrency.
• Real time OS - A real time operating system time interval to process
and respond to inputs is very small. Examples: Military Software
Systems, Space Software Systems.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
• Network Operating System - Network Operating System runs on a
server. It provides the capability to serve to manage data, user, groups,
security, application, and other networking functions.
• Mobile OS - Mobile operating systems are those OS which is
especially that are designed to power smartphones, tablets, and
wearables devices.
FUNCTIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
• Process Management - Process management helps OS to create and delete
processes. It also provides mechanisms for synchronization and
communication among processes.
• Memory Management - Memory management module performs the task of
allocation and de-allocation of memory space to programs in need of this
resources.
• File Management - It manages all the file-related activities such as
organization storage, retrieval, naming, sharing, and protection of files.
• Device Management - Device management keeps tracks of all devices. This
module also responsible for this task is known as the I/O controller. It also
performs the task of allocation and de-allocation of the devices.
FUNCTIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
• I/O Management - One of the main objects of any OS is to hide the
peculiarities of that hardware devices from the user.
• Secondary- Storage Management - Systems have several levels of
storage which includes primary storage, secondary storage, and cache
storage. Instructions and data must be stored in primary storage or
cache so that a running program can reference it.
• Security - Security module protects the data and information of a
computer system against malware threat and authorized access.
FUNCTIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
• Command Interpretation - This module is interpreting commands
given by the and acting system resources to process that commands.
• Networking - A distributed system is a group of processors which do
not share memory, hardware devices, or a clock. The processors
communicate with one another through the network.
• Communication Management - Coordination and assignment of
compilers, interpreters, and another software resource of the various
users of the computer systems.
FREE ALTERNATIVES TO WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEMS
• Need a new operating system that doesn't cost a penny? You might
have heard about Linux, the free and open source alternative to
Windows. However, there are many other free operating systems for
laptops and desktop PCs.
• Capable of performing standard computer tasks, these free operating
systems are strong alternatives to Windows.
LINUX
• LINUX - is free, widely available, and has acres of online guidance, making it
the obvious choice.
• MakeUseOf publishes its own Linux help guides, while we're also addicted to
compact Linux-powered ARM hobbyist computer the Raspberry Pi.
• And that is the beauty of Linux: it will literally run on anything. If you're
looking for a free alternative to Windows, you try Linux Mint, currently the
most popular Linux operating system.
• But this is a competitive field---perhaps you aspire to own a Mac? If your
Cupertino lust is all about the visual design of macOS, then you might
consider Elementary OS.
LINUX
CHROME OS
• Chrome OS, from Google, is available on several low-cost and some
high-end laptops, known as Chromebooks. It's also available to
download free, suitable for installing on aging hardware.
• Lightweight and with a focus on cloud computing, Chrome OS is great
for web browsing, social networking, and word processing. It is less
impressive at media playback, while media editing is beyond its
capabilities. Gaming is possible via web apps and streaming services
such as Google Stadia.
CHROME OS
FREE BSD
• Many think that FreeBSD is just another Linux distribution. While sharing the
Unix-like roots of Linux, FreeBSD is the modern, open source version of the
Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD).
• FreeBSD can be considered a relative of Linux and its code can be found in many
places. These include Apple's macOS and Sony's PlayStation 4 operating system.
• Overall, FreeBSD is a reliable operating system for servers and desktops alike.
While it doesn't ship with a desktop environment by default, there is support for
GNOME, KDE and Xfce desktops.
• FreeBSD is of interest to those with security and privacy concerns, offering
enhancements developed by the TrustedBSD project. This has the support of
McAfee, DARPA, Google, University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory, Apple,
and many more.
FREE BSD
FREE DOS – DISK OPERATING SYSTEM
• Most modern operating systems are built around the concept of
multitasking. FreeDOS is different. This DOS-compatible OS is as
different from Windows as it's possible to get--- FreeDOS is based on
Windows' predecessor, MS-DOS.
• A free operating system with support for older games and
applications, FreeDOS can be easily connected to your network. In
addition, various software packages can be installed, from tools to
enhance the classic DOS experience, to apps and games.
• FreeDOS is as useful for productivity as it is for recovering old data.
FREE DOS – DISK OPERATING SYSTEM
ILLUMOS
• Another UNIX-based free Windows alternative, illumos is based on
OpenSolaris, an operating system abandoned by Oracle in 2009.
Based on BSD and System V Release 4 (SVR4), the illumos core is the
heart of many OpenSolaris forks.
• This is not unlike the way in which the Linux kernel is found in every
Linux distribution. As a result, many illumos distributions are available.
The most popular is probably OpenIndiana.
ILLUMOS
REACT OS – FREE WINDOWS CLONE OS
• If talk of the alternatives being Linux and UNIX is leaving you on edge,
consider ReactOS as your Windows alternative.
• Originally launched in 1996 as a Windows 95 clone project, the official
website states that "the ultimate goal of ReactOS is to allow you to
remove Windows and install ReactOS without the end user noticing
the change."
• In short, the aim is that you should be able to continue using your PC
as you did before. ReactOS features over 9 million lines of code and is
open source.
REACT OS – FREE WINDOWS CLONE OS
• However, ReactOS has been in the alpha stage for quite some time
now. While some apps such as Adobe Reader will run on ReactOS,
many won't. It's lightweight, though, requiring just 500MB of hard disk
space and 96MB of RAM to run.
REACT OS – FREE WINDOWS CLONE OS
HAIKU
• Haiku is free and open source and was first released in 2001. Since
then, this free operating system has been in continuous development
and runs various apps.
• Some you will have heard of, like VLC Media Player and Quake. Haiku
will also run may apps from the abandoned BeOS operating system.
HAIKU
MORPH OS
• MorphOS is an Amiga-like operating system, based on the 80s/90s
home computer and available for PowerPC and similar devices. While
the chances an old Windows PC having a PowerPC processor are
small, old Macs will run MorphOS.
• However, if your Mac experience ended with Apple's adoption of x86
CPUs, a Windows alternative might be useful.
MORPH OS
AROS OS
• AROS is a free operating system with a similar heritage to MorphOS
but designed for x86 systems. This means that it should be able to run
on your PC. In some ways, your PC or laptop turns into a modern-day
Amiga computer, capable of running old and new software.
• Note, however, you'll be unable to read old Amiga discs on a modern
PC, even with a 3.5-inch drive. As such, you'll be limited to ROMs.
• Even so, this makes for an interesting alternative to Windows. Try the
Live CD version of AROS to get a good flavor of this free operating
system for PCs.
AROS OS
MENUET OS
• Available for 32-bit and 64-bit hardware, MenuetOS is an operating
system that can be installed from a single floppy disk. Just to clarify,
that's a single floppy disk of 1.4MB.
• Incredibly, it includes a full GUI desktop, a browser, media player, and
spreadsheet pre-installed. Built with Assembly language, MenuetOS
also features support for USB webcams, and handles resolutions up to
1920x1080 (16 million colors).
• Some recognizable games are also built in, along with email client,
FTP, and HTTP server. No floppy drive? You can also boot MenuetOS
from CD or USB.
MENUET OS
PRIME OS : ANDROID OS FOR PC
• Google has been developing Android and Chrome OS towards a
convergence of operating systems in recent years. Thanks to the
addition of mouse and keyboard support, Android is becoming
increasingly useful as a desktop operating system.
• And thanks to some independent developers, Android is available as a
free download for 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems.
• The benefits of using Android as your free Windows alternative are
clear. After Windows, it is the most-used operating system on the
planet. Apps for Android are everywhere and you're probably already
using at least one.
PRIME OS : ANDROID OS FOR PC
• Android offers support for standard PC applications, like word
processing and email/web, along with good media editing tools.
• Android can also be used for media streaming and has a massive
library of games. In short, Android could be the ultimate free
alternative to Windows. It really depends what you're looking for in an
operating system.
• Various Android versions are available for desktop and laptop PCs.
Phoenix OS provides an Android gaming platform on PC; you should
also consider PrimeOS as a free OS for laptops.
PRIME OS : ANDROID OS FOR PC
RISC OS
• Finally, for ARM-based computers (everything from Raspberry Pi to
BeagleBoard) is RISC OS.
• While a little basic in some regards, RISC OS provides the user with a
functional desktop experience. All the apps you need to be productive
are available, from word processors to image editors.
• It's an unusual operating system, as different from Windows as Linux
is, but worth trying if you need a free operating system.
• RISC OS is developed by RISCOS Ltd and the RISC OS Open
Community.
RISC OS
REFERENCES:
• https://www.scribd.com/presentation/434271605/PLATFORM-TECHNOLOGIES
• https://simplicable.com/new/technology-platform
• https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/free-alternatives-to-windows-operating-systems/

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