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Int List Int: Tutorial1.Sml Page 1

The document defines several functions for manipulating lists in Standard ML including: 1) sumList, sumList1 and sumRealList which sum the elements of integer, integer and real lists respectively; 2) add3 and addInt3 which add 3 or 3.0 to the elements of integer or real lists; and 3) applySomeFunc which applies a function to each element of a list. It also shows how to use foldl, foldr, map and anonymous functions to manipulate lists.

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Ted Lee
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34 views

Int List Int: Tutorial1.Sml Page 1

The document defines several functions for manipulating lists in Standard ML including: 1) sumList, sumList1 and sumRealList which sum the elements of integer, integer and real lists respectively; 2) add3 and addInt3 which add 3 or 3.0 to the elements of integer or real lists; and 3) applySomeFunc which applies a function to each element of a list. It also shows how to use foldl, foldr, map and anonymous functions to manipulate lists.

Uploaded by

Ted Lee
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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tutorial1.

sml Page 1

fun sumList x =
if x = nil then 0
else hd(x) + sumList(tl(x));
sumList [1,2,3,4];

fun sumList1(y:int list):int =


case y of
nil => 0
| x::xs => x + sumList1(xs);

sumList1 [1,2,3,4];

(* sum all the real elements of the list *)


fun sumRealList(x:real list):real =
case x of
nil => 0.0
| y::ys => y + sumRealList(ys)

(* add 3 to all the int elements of the list *)


fun add3 [] = []
| add3 (x::xs) = (x+3)::add3(xs)

(* add 3 to all the int elements of the list *)


(* different style of implementing add3 *)
fun addInt3(x:int list):int list =
case x of
nil => []
| y::ys => (y+3)::addInt3(ys)

(* add 3.0 to all the real elements of the list *)


fun addReal3(x:real list):real list =
case x of
nil => []
| y::ys => (y+3.0)::addReal3(ys)

fun square x = x*x;


fun applySomeFunc (f, []) = []
| applySomeFunc (f, (x::xs)) = f(x) :: applySomeFunc(f, xs)

val t = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] ;
applySomeFunc(square, t) ;
applySomeFunc(square, [1,2,3,4,5]) ;

fun rsquare(x:real):real = x*x;


applySomeFunc(rsquare, [1.0, 2.0, 4.0]);

(* use anonymous function to add 1 to all elements in the list *)


applySomeFunc((fn x=>x+1), [1,2,3,4,5]);
(* use anonymous function to cal x^3 to all elements in the list *)
applySomeFunc((fn x=>x*x*x), [1,2,3,4,5]);

(* use op+ to calculate the sum of a list *)


fun sumList x = foldl op+ 0 x;
sumList [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];

(* use op* to calculate the product of a list *)


fun prodList x = foldl op* 1 x;
prodList [1,2,3,4,5,6];

(* use op^ to concat a list *)


fun concatL x = foldl op^ "" x;
fun concatR x = foldr op^ "" x;
concatL ["Hello", "World"];
concatR ["Hello", "World"];
tutorial1.sml Page 2

(* applySomeFunc is implemented in the system called map *)


(* Currying *)

(* add n to each element of the list *)


fun addN(n, y) = map (fn x=>x+n) y;
addN(3, [1,2,3]);

(* add n to each element of the list, remove parenthesis *)


fun incN n y = map (fn x=>x+n) y;
incN 3 [1,2,3];

(* define a convenient function name to increment 10 *)


fun add10 x = incN 10 x;
add10 [1,2,3,4,5];

fun sumRealList(x:real list):real =


case x of
nil => 0.0
| y::ys => y + sumRealList(ys)

(* find the roots of ax^2 + bx + c = 0 *)


fun roots(a:real, b:real, c:real):real*real =
let
val rt = Math.sqrt(b*b - 4.0*a*c)
in
((~b + rt) / (2.0 * a), (~b - rt) / (2.0 * a))
end

fun month(n:int):string =
case n of
1 => "January"
| 2 => "February"
| 3 => "March"
| 4 => "April"
| 5 => "May"
| 6 => "June"
| 7 => "July"
| 8 => "August"
| 9 => "September"
| 10 => "October"
| 11 => "November"
| 12 => "December"
| _ => "Bad month"

(* different style of coding a function *)


fun month1 1 = "January"
| month1 2 = "February"
| month1 3 = "March"
| month1 _ = "Bad month"

(* different style of coding a function *)


fun month2 x =
if x = 1 then "January"
else if x=2 then "February"
else if x=3 then "March"
else "Bad month"

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