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    Vocab For First Unit

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    Charmaine LIE
    This document provides information about the structures and functions of plant cells, animal cells, and prokaryotic cells. It explains that cells must be able to intake nutrients, breakdown nutrients, process waste, and maintain stable internal environment. Organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles help cells perform these functions. The document also describes distinguishing features of plant cells like the cell wall and chloroplasts, animal cells like the cytoplasm and mitochondria, and prokaryotic cells like the nucleoid and flagella.

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    Vocab For First Unit

    Uploaded by

    Charmaine LIE
    38 views6 pages
    This document provides information about the structures and functions of plant cells, animal cells, and prokaryotic cells. It explains that cells must be able to intake nutrients, breakdown nutrients, process waste, and maintain stable internal environment. Organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles help cells perform these functions. The document also describes distinguishing features of plant cells like the cell wall and chloroplasts, animal cells like the cytoplasm and mitochondria, and prokaryotic cells like the nucleoid and flagella.

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    vocab for first unit

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    This document provides information about the structures and functions of plant cells, animal cells, and prokaryotic cells. It explains that cells must be able to intake nutrients, breakdown nutrients, process waste, and maintain stable internal environment. Organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles help cells perform these functions. The document also describes distinguishing features of plant cells like the cell wall and chloroplasts, animal cells like the cytoplasm and mitochondria, and prokaryotic cells like the nucleoid and flagella.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views6 pages

    Vocab For First Unit

    Uploaded by

    Charmaine LIE
    This document provides information about the structures and functions of plant cells, animal cells, and prokaryotic cells. It explains that cells must be able to intake nutrients, breakdown nutrients, process waste, and maintain stable internal environment. Organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles help cells perform these functions. The document also describes distinguishing features of plant cells like the cell wall and chloroplasts, animal cells like the cytoplasm and mitochondria, and prokaryotic cells like the nucleoid and flagella.

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    2021-22 Y10 Science Unit 1- Cells

    • What functions must a cell be able to


    perform in order to sustain itself?

    • Respond to stimuli
    • Coordinator
    • Intake nutrients
    • Breakdown nutrients
    • Change molecules into useful forms
    • Process and expel waste
    • Ensure there is a stable environment inside the cell
    Organelles are small structures within the cell that carry
    out those specific functions in order to sustain it

    Animal Cell

    Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance inside the cell where the


    organelles are.

    Ribosome: receive information from the cell nucleus and


    construction materials from the cytoplasm. Ribosomes
    translate information encoded in messenger ribonucleic
    acid (mRNA). They link together specific amino acids to form
    polypeptides and they export these to the cytoplasm.

    Nucleus: Where the DNA is stored in the cell.

    Cell Membrane: Allows things in and out of the cell.


    Mitochondria: generate most of the chemical energy
    needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical
    energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small
    molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

    Vesicle: help move materials, such as proteins and other


    molecules, from one part of a cell to another. When a cell
    makes proteins, transporter vesicles help move these proteins
    to the Golgi apparatus for further sorting and refining

    Plant Cell

    Vacuole: Stores water. Dissolves waste. It is responsible for


    holding the cell’s space.

    Cell wall: It helps to keep the shape of the cell. It gives the
    cell strength.

    Chloroplast: It is where photosynthesis happens. Where


    glucose is made. It’s where the chlorophyll is stored.

    Prokaryotic Cells

    Nucleoid: A region of the cell that holds the DNA. It has no


    membrane.

    Plasmid; Multiple functions. Additional piece of DNA. Allows


    cells to evolve very quickly. Can destroy enemies. Use
    plasmid to add or delete genetic material.

    Slime Capsule: Additional layer that covers the bacteria


    and offers protection. Defensive layer. This helps the
    bacteria cell not to be engulfed and destroyed. The extra
    layer also can keep other organisms from detecting it.

    Pili: To attach the bacteria cell to specific surfaces. They


    can be used to attach to other cells.

    Flagella: Only one human cell has a Flagellum (sperm cell).


    It is for movement.
    ● Prokaryotes are organisms made up of cells that lack
    a cell nucleus Ex Bacteria
    ● Eukaryotes are organisms made up of cells that have
    a membrane-bound nucleus and holds genetic
    material as well as membrane-bound organelles Ex
    Animal, Plant

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