TUGAS MATA KULIAH

BAHASA ASING I
” GPS SYSTEM “

Disusun Oleh :

YOHANES ARYANTO PUTRA N(210010101)

I GEDE ARTHA KUSUMA(210010120)

KHARISMA EKA SANTI(210010141)

PROGRAM STUDI SISTEM KOMPUTER

 ❖ GPS System

Global Positioning System or in Indonesian is defined as a global positioning system is a

technology that is closely related to human life and is commonly known as GPS. GPS is a
technology that uses signals from satellites that can help and make it easier for humans in daily
activities, such as to find out the position quickly, determine travel routes, find out the altitude
of a place, even to see the current traffic situation. Simply put, GPS is a position tracking
system. It is called a position tracking system because with this tool we can find out the
coordinates of where we are or the coordinates of the location we want to know with the help
of navigation satellites. This tool can be used anytime and anywhere in all corners of the earth's
surface 24 hours per day.

Another definition according to a source from a book entitled Location Based Service, GPS
is a technology with a navigation system using satellites that was created to assist in knowing
or getting information and position quickly in all places around the earth at any time under any
conditions. With this tool, users are sure to be able to know or track the position of many things
such as vehicles, troops/opponents, cars, and so on in real time.

❖ The First GPS System

The United States is the originator and initiator of GPS. Basically, GPS technology
systems form the same as central base radio navigation systems, such as LORAN and the Decca
Navigator which were developed in the 1940s and used during World War II. The inspiration
for making the GPS system actually came from the Soviet Union, which at that time, in 1957,
launched their first satellite, Sputnik. A team of US scientists led by Dr. Richard B. Kershner
was monitoring Sputnik radio transmissions at the time. They found that the Doppler Effect
affects radio transmissions, where the frequency signal transmitted by Sputnik is very high at
launch and gets lower as the satellite moves away from Earth. They realized that by knowing
the longitude of their exact location on a world map, they were able to track the position of the
satellite in orbit based on a measure of the deviation of the Doppler Effect. Transit, the first
satellite navigation system used by the US Navy was successfully piloted in 1960.
 The system, which uses a collection of five satellites, is capable of determining position
once every hour. In 1967, the US Navy developed the Timation satellite which proved its
capabilities by setting accurate time in space, the reference technology for GPS systems. In the
1970s, the central base Omega Navigation System, based on signal phase comparison, became
the first worldwide radio navigation system. The first experimental Block-I GPS satellites were
launched in February 1978. The GPS satellites were first manufactured by Rockwell
International (now part of Boeing) and are now manufactured by Lockheed Martin (IIR/IIR-
M) and Boeing (IIF).

Navstar satellite is the first generation of GPS satellites. Navstar Satellite or Navigation
System with Timing and Ranging is a system created to determine position assisted by satellite
and is the first step of change in the field of position measurement and navigation. This system
is a combination of a US program called Navy TIMATION with Air Force 621B. This system
is under the responsibility of the Joint Program Office (JPO). In 1978, the first Navstar Satellite
was launched by Rockwell International. However, due to the company's inability to survive,
it was eventually acquired by BOEING.

❖ GPS System Functions

• GPS for Military

GPS can be used to support military defense systems. Furthermore, it can monitor enemy
movements during war, it can also guide the direction of the bomb's fall so that it can be more
targeted.

• GPS for Navigation

Understanding GPS and its functions in driving needs, the GPS system is also very helpful,
with a GPS Tracker installed on the vehicle it will make the trip more comfortable because the
direction and destination of the road can be known after the GPS sends the position of our
vehicle which is translated into a digital map.
 • GPS for Geographic Information System

Understanding GPS and its functions for geographic information systems it is necessary to
use GPS so that it can be facilitated, such as for making maps, measuring border distances, or
it can be used as a reference for measuring an area.

• GPS for Vehicle Tracking System

Understanding GPS and its functions used for tracking system needs, namely displaying
and receiving signals in different locations. For example, we can find out the location of a lost
vehicle by looking at the coordinate points generated from the device installed in the vehicle,
to see it can be through smartphone media or other special tools.

• GPS for Earthquake Monitoring

Currently, GPS technology is continuously being improved resulting in a very high level
of accuracy and accuracy so that GPS can be used to monitor ground movements on earth.
With this, geologists can estimate the possibility of an earthquake in an area.

❖ How GPS System works

simple way gps system as follows :
• Using "triangulation" calculations from satellites.
• For “triangulation” calculations, GPS measures distance using time signal travelradio.
• To measure travel time, GPS requires time accuracy
• tall one.
• For distance calculations, we must know with certainty the position of the satellite and
the altitude in its orbit
• The last must correct the signal traveling time in the atmosphere until it is received by
the receiver.
GPS satellites circle the earth for 12 hours in an orbit that accurate him and sends an
information signal to the earth. GPS receivers take that information and using a
"triangulation" calculation calculates the user's exact location. The GPS receiver
compares the time the signal was sent with the time it was received. From that
information, it is known how far the satellite is. By calculating the distance, the GPS
receiver can calculate and determine the user's position and display it on an electronic
map
❖ The entities involved in the working of GPS System
• Satellites (the space segment).
• Control system (operated by U.S. military).
• Signals
• Position of satellites is understood from signals which they broadcast to receiver.
• These signals are received by receivers connected within objects which are to be
located.
• Important point here is that minimum 4 satellites are required to urge precise location
of receiver on Earth.
• 3 satellites are wont to trace situation place.
• 4th satellite is employed to verify target location of satellites.
• GPS receiver takes knowledge from satellite and uses tactic of triangulation to work
out a user’s exact position.

❖ Advantages of Global Positioning System

• GPS is extremely easy to navigate because it tells you to direction for every turns you’re
taking otherwise you need to fancy reach to your destination.
• GPS works altogether weather so you would like to not worry of climate as in other
navigating devices.
• GPS costs you very low as compared other navigation systems.
• Most attraction of this technique is its100% coverage on earth.
• It also helps you to look nearby restaurants, hotels and gas stations and is extremely
useful for a replacement place.
• Due to its low cost, it’s very easy to integrate into other technologies like telephone.
• System is updated regularly by United States government and hence is extremely
advance.
• This is the simplest navigating system in water as in larger water bodies we are often
misled thanks to lack of proper directions.
• GPS signal is out there worldwide. Therefore, users won’t be bereft of it anywhere.
• GPS are often used anywhere within world, it’s powered by world satellites, so it are
often accessed anywhere, a solid tracking system and a GPS receiver are all you would
like.
 ❖ Disadvantages of Global Positioning System
• Sometimes GPS may fail thanks to certain reasons and therein case you would like to
hold a backup map and directions.
• If you’re using GPS on A battery operated device, there could also be A battery failure
and you’ll need a external power supply which isn’t always possible.
• Sometimes GPS signals aren’t accurate thanks to some obstacles to signals like
buildings, trees and sometimes by extreme atmospheric conditions like geomagnetic
storms.
• GPS chip is hungry for power which drains battery in 8 to 12 hours. this needs
replacement or recharge of battery quite frequently.
• GPS doesn’t penetrate solid walls or structures. it’s also suffering from large
constructions or structures.

❖ New GPS System

Elon Musk's car company, Tesla, seems to never stop making updates in the automotive
industry. Starting from electric cars, autonomous cars to innovative supporting features. Most
recently, Tesla has just patented their GPS technology, which is claimed to be more accurate.
It's not an ordinary GPS, patented by Tesla. The GPS developed by Tesla is useful for
accommodating autonomous vehicles in their car series. GPS accuracy in autonomous vehicles
is indeed a must.

This technology is referred to as 'Technology for vehicle positioning'. In the GPS

technology patent application document, Tesla mentions that buildings, bridges, trees, and
other objects have the potential to reduce GPS accuracy. Tesla, offers several solutions to
problems related to GPS positioning accuracy, among others, by utilizing a camera that is
useful for matching data and correcting position. Data matching and position correction in
question, is by exchanging data between vehicles, or by using sensors.
 ❖ GPS System device
• GPS for Airplanes

Just like GPS for ships, GPS for airplanes is also tailor-made for non-personal needs. As
the name implies, this GPS is used to read the situation and flight conditions. Therefore, this
GPS is used by cockpit controllers.

• Marine GPS

As the name implies, this type of GPS is used at sea, aka used for those who work on ship
crews. This type of GPS is widely used by commercial ships and recreational ships. Because
of its need for ships, it is clear that this type of GPS is not intended for personal needs because
it is usually expensive.

• Sports GPS

There is also a GPS device that has a function to support sports activities. This type of GPS
for sports activities is usually in the form of a watch that has a waterproof feature. Some of the
product types, for example, are the Forerunner 210 GPS for those of you who are planning to
run. There is also an S Garmin Edge 80 which is suitable for those of you who like cycling.

• In-Dash Receivers

The type of GPS that is needed a lot is the In-dash receiver, which is a receiver that can be
attached to the car. This type of GPS is much sought after by those who have a private car,
perhaps including you. This is because this type of GPS is able to provide more accurate data
and information.

• Pocket GPS

Pocket GPS has the same function as portable GPS, namely GPS that can be easily carried
anywhere. The smaller shape makes the pocket GPS easier to carry around and can even be
used as a key ring.

• Portable GPS

The first type of GPS is portable GPS, the type of GPS that can be carried everywhere. The
shape is easy to grip, therefore this type of GPS is often referred to as a Handheld GPS.
http://eprints.polsri.ac.id/1117/3/BAB%20II.pdfhttp://eprints.polsri.ac.id/1117/3/BAB%20II.
pdfhttps://www.sukmaconvert.com/apa-itu-
gps/https://bpsdm.pu.go.id/center/pelatihan/uploads/edok/2018/01/8733f_pengenalan_
GPS.pdfhttps://www.kiosbarcode.com/blog/pengertian-gps-beserta-fungsinya-dan-
jenis-jenisnya/ https://carisinyal.com/jenis-jenis-gps/