F B Brothers (Pty) Ltd t/a

F B
Plot 68285 Phakalane
ENGINEERING
Plot 9272 Dumela Industrial
Bag Br 47 Gaborone P O Box 1892 Francistown
Tel:3959038 Fax:3957083 Tel:2417038 Fax:2418513

Procedure Name: CONFINED SPACE RESUE PLAN Procedure No: FB-CNFND–RES-PLN–01-

2021

Originator: Site Manager Issue No:01

Distributor: All Employees Effective Date:10/01/2021

Next Review Date: 10/01/2025

INTRODUCTION

This procedure is a guide for F.B Engineering team to perform safe rescue for people working in
confined space.

2. PURPOSE

The purpose of this procedure is to provide the employee with the basic understanding of the
requirements of Confined Space Rescue so that he/she can go to the next step of becoming fully
trained in Confined Space.

3. SCOPE

The procedure applies to all FB Engineering (Pty) Ltd activities and work processes

4. EMMERGENCY RESCUE

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ORIGINATOR SHE Officer
APPROVAL Site Manager

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4.1.1 Emergency rescue teams must be available while authorized entrants are in the confined
space.
4.1.2 Deaths often occur during rescue. Employees attempt to rescue an entrant without the proper
training and then get caught themselves in the confined space.

5. RESCUE TECHNIQUES

There are 3 types of rescue techniques:

5.1.1 Non-entry.
5.1.2 Entry by others.
5.1.3 Entry by Trained employees from the company

6.1. Non-entry – Rescue that is conducted without entry into the confined space. This can be
conducted by such means as a rope or winch. The person performing the rescue does not get
into the confined space. This is done whn the person being rescued is quite aware and can
communicate with the rescueing team. The person can at least assits himself during the
rescuing operation.

6.2. ENTRY BY OTHERS – in this case the Fire Department would need:
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APPROVAL Site Manager

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6.2.1 To be familiar with the types of confined spaces located in the facility,
6.2.2 The hazards they may encounter,
6.2.3 The entry means into the confined spaces,
6.2.4 The types of rescue equipment to effect a rescue.
6.2.5 The types of PPE required for any potential rescue.

FIRE BRIGADE RESCUE TEAM.

6.2. ENTRY BY TRAINED EMPLOYEES FROM THE COMPANY – (Rescue Team

Include First Aiders, SHE Officer, Site Manager< Fire Marshall, SHE Representative, and
Foreman)
6.2.1 All members of the team must be specially trained in confined space rescue work,
6.2.2 The team must have at least one member certified in CPR and first aid,
6.2.3 All members of the team must be trained in the techniques and equipment for specific
confined spaces.

7.0 EMERGENCY RESCUE

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 7.1.1 If a rescue is required, the rescue service must close off the area, get authorized entrants
out of the space and perform first aid when needed.
7.1.2 It is best to use a retrieval system to bring the employee out of the space. Never enter the
space without proper training and unless it is necessary.
7.1.3 Authorized entrants should wear harnesses connected to the retrieval line. The retrieval
equipment must be in place before employees enter the permit space.
8.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

8.1.1 One of the most important components of PPE in a confined space is a respirator.
8.1.2 All respirators must be fit tested prior to use.
8.1.3 Cleaning the respirator after each use will help disinfect it.
8.1.4 Before each use of the respirator, it must be inspected to make sure that there are no
cracks, holes, signs of wear or loose connections.

RESIPIRATOR
8.1.5 Other forms of PPE can include hard hats, safety glasses, clothing that protects the torso
against chemicals, fibres and other hazards, as well as gloves and safety shoes that
protect the hands and feet from various hazards.
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 OTHER PPE REQUIRED

9.0 DEFINING RESPONSE TIME.

9.1.1 REACTION TIME - Time between the entrant having a problem requiring rescue and
the safety attendant’s recognition that the entrant has problem
9.1.2 CONTACT TIME - The time taken by the attendant to contact the rescue team.
9.1.3 RESPONSE TIME - The time taken by the rescuers to arrive at the scene of the rescue
after contact.
9.1.4 ASSESSMENT TIME - The time taken by a rescue team to size up the problem and
determine the strategy to perform a safe, efficient rescue.
9.1.5 PREPARATION TIME - The time taken by a rescue team to set up for the rescue.
9.1.6 RESCUE TIME - The time taken for the team to reach, treat, package, and evacuate the
victim from the confined space.
9.1.7 Retrieval equipment must be in place before employees enter the permit space.

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10.0 RESCUE EQUIPMENT
Confined Space Rescue can require a number of types of equipment to effectively and safely
perform a rescue.
.10.1.1 ROPE

Used for:
 Primary tool in technical rescue
 Vary in construction, material and size

 Most common in C.S.

15mm, strength 9,000 lbs.

 Static kern mantle (low stretch)

 Dynamic kern mantle (high stretch)

10.2 SAFETY HARNESS

 Used for

Fall protection confined space rescue

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  Most common in confined space.
 Flat nylon webbing.
 Full body.
 Point of attachment in the center of the back at shoulder level.

10.3 TRIPODS

 Used for:

 Access to vertical entry

 Most common in C.S.
 2.7Meters height or greater

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 10.4 WINCHES

Used for:
 Assist with tripods
 Most common in Confines space.
 Retractable designated for non-entry rescue.
 Certified as a primary lowering device.

1.5 LOGOUT TAGOUT.

 When entrance covers are removed, guard the opening immediately

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  Only authorized person to perform lockout tag out.
 When going into confined spaces at times it is necessary to have doors or opening opened
permanently. To achieve that a log out tag out system is in place. The person with the log
out key will lock the entrance so that no one can enter or close. A tag with the locker’s
details will be placed on the locked entrance showing cell number and other contact details
of the locker. No one is allowed to tember with the log out tag out system until the owner
authorized to do so.

.5 SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARETUS. (SCBA)

 SCBA (Self Contained Breathing Apparatus) – may be required to enter some confined
spaces or to perform a rescue.
 In order to wear a SCBA a rescuer would have to provide a Respirator Clearance or
Physician Approval prior to wearing a SCBA.
 After the Respirator Clearance the Rescuer would have to be Fit Tested for the SCBA Unit.

11. ROLES.

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APPROVAL Site Manager

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 11.1.1 RESCUE COMMANDER
For our sites the Site Manager or his foreman shall be the Rescue commanders.
In the event of a rescue the commander shall:
a) Is responsible for direct supervision of the rescue team operations.
b) Determines RESCUE or RECOVERY mode. Performs a continuous hazard analysis and
risk assessment.
c) Provides passport accountability and maintains an ongoing awareness of the location and
condition of all members.
d) Provides and maintains safety and scene security.
e) Makes key assignments of personnel:
1. Technical Safety Officer
2. Rigging Team Leader
3. Entry Team Leader
4. Support Team Leader
5. Back-Up Team (as required)
f) Determines an action plan, communicates the plan, and ensures that the plan is adhered
to.
g) Develops a back-up contingency plan.
h) Ensures that the appropriate PPE is utilized and equipment to provide protection from
those hazards to which personnel are exposed or could be exposed is provided.
i) Initiates, maintains, and controls incident communications.
j) Ensures that medical care at a minimum level of basic life support (BLS) is provided.
k) Conducts pre-entry briefing with the entry team.
l) Ensures that all rope systems have been safety checked by the Technical Safety Officer
and Rigging Team Leader prior to operation.
m) The RGL is the only person at a rope rescue incident who can initiate motion of the rope
system or restart the rope system if stopped or re-set.

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APPROVAL Site Manager

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 11.1.2 FIRST AIDER

An emergency first aider has various roles and responsibilities. It is important first aiders take these
roles and responsibilities seriously as first aid is potentially lifesaving in an emergency situation.

The role of a first aider is to provide immediate, lifesaving, medical care before the arrival of
further medical help. This could include performing procedures such as:

a) Placing an unconscious casualty into the recovery position

b) Performing Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
c) Stopping bleeding using pressure and elevation
d) Keeping a fractured limb still
e) Manage the incident and ensure the continuing safety of themselves, bystanders and the
casualty
f) Assess casualties and find out the nature & cause of their injuries
g) Arrange for further medical help or other emergency services to attend (e.g.: the fire
service)
h) If trained, priorities casualties based upon medical need
i) Provide appropriate first aid treatment as trained
j) If able, make notes/observations of casualties
k) Fill out any paperwork as required
l) Provide a handover when further medical help arrives

11.1.3 TECHNICAL SAFETY OFFICER (TSO)

a) Reports directly to the Rescue Group Leader.

b) Performs a continuous hazard analysis and risk assessment.
c) Provides direction with respect to the overall safety of personnel.
d) Ensures scene security.
e) Ensures that the appropriate PPE is utilized and equipment to provide protection from those
hazards to which personnel are exposed or could be exposed is provided.
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 f) Ensures passport accountability and maintains an ongoing awareness of the location and
condition of all members.
g) Is aware of and approves the action plan and ensures that the plan is adhered to.
h) Is aware of and approves the back-up contingency plan.
i) Ensures that medical care at a minimum level of basic life support (BLS) is provided.
j) Is present at the pre-entry briefing with the entry team.
k) Ensures that all rope systems have been safety checked by the Rigging.
l) Team Leader then double-checked prior to operation by the TSO.
m) Ensures that the Entry Team has been safety checked by the Entry Team.
n) Leader then double-checked by the TSO prior to deployment.
o) Ensure that the Entry Team is properly equipped, properly secured, and all equipment and
medical supplies necessary for the treatment and packaging of the patient(s) is present and
secured.

11.1.4 RIGGING TEAM LEADER (RIGGER)

a) Reports directly to the Rescue Group Leader.

b) The Rigging Team Leader should be the person on location who possesses the most
experience and knowledge of rope based rescue systems.
c) Assists the RGL in determining :
 Of the type of rope system(s) to be utilized
 The location from which the rope system(s) are to be based from
 Selecting the location and type of the anchor point(s).
d) Responsible for direct supervision and safety of personnel assigned to the Rigging Team.
e) Understands the action plan and communicates the plan to personnel assigned to the
Rigging Team.
f) Responsible for the engineering, construction, and operation of all rope based systems
utilized during the operation. This responsibility includes “visualizing” the integrity of the
rope system(s) in motion, and its effect or potential effect to all personnel who depend on
the rope system(s) for their safety as well as to personnel working on or around the rope
system(s).

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APPROVAL Site Manager

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 g) Determines a contingency plan prior to the initial operation of the rope system(s) that
addresses the utilization of additional rope systems in case of an emergency. This plan shall
be worked out in advance with the RGL and approved by the TSO.
h) Ensures that all rope systems have been safety checked then double-checked by the TSO
prior to operation.

11.1.5 RESCUER
a) Contacts victim and initiates medical care until victim is transferred to an equal or higher
medical authority.
b) Accesses and stabilizes victims.
c) Assesses victim's condition and advises Rescue Group Supervisor of best rescue operation.
d) Secures victim in litter.
e) Carries litter upslope.
f) Walks out ambulatory victims.

12. RESPONDER SAFETY.

12.1.1 Assessment of the situation and confined space
i. What PPE will be required
ii. Obtain air monitoring samples
iii. Assess hazards
iv. Characteristics of space
12.1.2 Hazard Mitigation
i. Avoid the hazard
ii. Remove the hazard
iii. Control the hazard
iv. Use personal protective equipment
13. SAFETY OF THE VICTIM.
i. Is the victim conscious?
ii. Is the Victim unconscious?
iii. Will medical attention be required?
iv. Will medical personnel need to be notified?

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APPROVAL Site Manager

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 v. What type of rescue equipment will be required to safely remove the victim?
vi. Is there a timeline associated with the rescue because of the condition of the victim?
14. ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION.
14.1.1 Hazards Present
i. Atmospheric.
ii. Energy Sources.
iii. Entrapment.
iv. Fall.
v. Fire / Explosion.
vi. Hazardous Material
14.1.2 Hazard Mitigation
i. Risks associated with the rescue.
ii. Length of time to implement any hazard controls.
iii. Distance required for rescue
iv. Rescue Problem within Capabilities of the Department / Team.

15 TYPES OF RESCUE.
15.1.1 OFFENSIVE ( RESCUE)
i. Are lives at risk?
ii. Complexity of the rescue
iii. Hazards are known and controllable
iv. Resources are available for the rescue
v. Incident stabilization prompt and probable
15.1.2 DEFENSIVE ( BODY RECOVERY )
i. No life probability of victim
ii. Complexity of the rescue
iii. Hazardous conditions still exist.
iv. Resources available or unavailable.
v. Stabilization unlikely.

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APPROVAL Site Manager

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16. GENERAL PUBLIC CONTROL.
At times construction site fall within public areas. In the events of accidents general public might
want to witness and join in the rescue operation. This might pose a great danger to the victim and
the rescuing team. General public might not follow the rescue guidelines thereby causing serious
injury to the victim. To mitigate the dangers posed by general public we will control the public. At
times it is necessary to involve police. The following measures might be applied:

16.1.1 Perimeter Control – Depending on type of situation:

i. May need police.
ii. Barrier tape, ropes, barricades.
iii. Controlling traffic.
iv. Limiting access to the rescue area to assigned personnel.

16. AFTER THE INCIDENT.

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APPROVAL Site Manager

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 i. Debrief.
ii. Re-supply.
iii. Documentation.
iv. Post incident analysis
17. F-A-I-L-U-R-E
 Failure to understand the environment
 Additional medical issues not considered
 Inadequate rescue skills
 Lack of teamwork or training and experience
 Underestimating the logistics of the incident
 Rescue verse recovery mode not considered
 Equipment not mastered

18. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE FOR A RESCUE TEAM MEMBER.

If you are part of a rescue Team:

i. Obtain a physician’s approval or clearance to wear a SCBA.
ii. Get fit tested.
iii. Know your rescue plan.
iv. Become familiar with the confined spaces that you have in your facility.
v. Know what equipment will be necessary for each Confined Space, should a rescue
be necessary.
vi. Know the hazards associated with each confined space.
vii. Know how to eliminate the hazards associated with the confined spaces.
viii. Practice, practice, practice
ix. Retrain when new confined spaces are added or when something regarding an
existing confined space changes.

18 CONCLUSION

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APPROVAL Site Manager

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 i. The entry supervisor needs to ensure that the confined space operations conform to the
permit.
ii. They should remove unauthorized personnel from the area and keep them from entering the
space.
iii. The entry supervisor terminates and cancels the permit at the right time.
iv. Make sure each hazard is identified and controlled before entering a confined space.
v. Fully understand the requirements of a confined space rescue:, including commanding the
confined space rescue and control of the area.
vi. Always report any concerns you may have regarding confined spaces.
vii. Emergency rescues should only be made by trained personnel or a rescue service.

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