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    Week5 ME130-2

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    This document summarizes key concepts from a fluid mechanics module, including: 1) Definitions of streamlines, pathlines, and streak lines 2) Explanations of velocity and velocity fields 3) The conservation of mass principle and Bernoulli's equation 4) Example problems applying conservation of mass and Bernoulli's equation

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    Week5 ME130-2

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    24 views11 pages
    This document summarizes key concepts from a fluid mechanics module, including: 1) Definitions of streamlines, pathlines, and streak lines 2) Explanations of velocity and velocity fields 3) The conservation of mass principle and Bernoulli's equation 4) Example problems applying conservation of mass and Bernoulli's equation

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    ME130-2 Fluid Mechanics for M.E

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    Week5_ME130-2(1)

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    This document summarizes key concepts from a fluid mechanics module, including: 1) Definitions of streamlines, pathlines, and streak lines 2) Explanations of velocity and velocity fields 3) The conservation of mass principle and Bernoulli's equation 4) Example problems applying conservation of mass and Bernoulli's equation

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    24 views11 pages

    Week5 ME130-2

    Uploaded by

    Deact Account
    This document summarizes key concepts from a fluid mechanics module, including: 1) Definitions of streamlines, pathlines, and streak lines 2) Explanations of velocity and velocity fields 3) The conservation of mass principle and Bernoulli's equation 4) Example problems applying conservation of mass and Bernoulli's equation

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    ME130-2: Fluid Mechanics

    Module 2:
    Fluid Dynamics 1
    Week 5:
    Bernoulli Equation and Pressure Variation

    Faculty: Engr. Emil Luna, MSc


    School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
    Streamlines
    • A streamline is a curve that is everywhere tangent to the instantaneous local velocity vector
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    = = =
    𝑉𝑉 𝑢𝑢 𝑣𝑣 𝑤𝑤
    • Streamline in the xy plane
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑣𝑣
    ( )𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 =
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑢𝑢

    ME130-2: M2-W5
    Pathlines
    • This is the actual path traveled by an individual fluid particle over some time period.

    ME130-2: M2-W5
    Streak Lines
    • The locus of fluid particles that have passed sequentially through a prescribed point in the
    flow
    • If the flow is steady, streamlines, pathlines, and streaklines are identical

    ME130-2: M2-W5
    Velocity and Velocity Field
    • Profile Plot indicates how the value of a scalar property varies along some desired direction
    in the flow field
    • Vector Plot is an array of arrows indicating the magnitude and direction of a vector property
    at an instant in time
    • Contour Plot shows curves values of a scalar property (or magnitude of a vector property) at
    an instant in time

    ME130-2: M2-W5
    Conservation of Mass
    • This states that mass is indestructible
    • Net mass transfer in(or out) = Mass change in the system
    𝑉𝑉̇ = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
    𝑚𝑚̇ = 𝜌𝜌𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
    𝑚𝑚̇ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 𝜌𝜌𝑖𝑖 𝐴𝐴𝑖𝑖 𝑣𝑣𝑖𝑖
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    � 𝑚𝑚̇ 𝑖𝑖 − � 𝑚𝑚̇ 𝑒𝑒 =
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

    ME131-2: M2-W5
    Bernoulli’s Equation
    Assumptions:
    Incompressible 𝑃𝑃 𝑣𝑣 2 𝑚𝑚2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 2
    + + 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑠𝑠 2
    𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 2
    𝑠𝑠
    Inviscid ρ 2
    Along a streamline
    Steady-state

    Multiply by ρ Divide by g

    1 2 𝑁𝑁 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑃𝑃 𝑣𝑣 2
    𝑃𝑃 + 𝜌𝜌𝑣𝑣 + γ𝑧𝑧 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 or 2 + + 𝑧𝑧 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑓𝑓
    2 𝑚𝑚 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 γ 2𝑔𝑔
    Where: Where: Head Form of Bernoulli
    P = static pressure P/γ = Pressure Head
    ρv2/2 = dynamic pressure v2/2g = Velocity Head
    γz = hydrostatic pressure z = Elevation Head
    P + ρv2/2 = stagnation pressure
    (Stagnation point in a flow field is where v=0
    ME131-2: M2-W5
    Conservation of Mass
    1. The device contains three inlets and two outlets. The mass flow rates of water through the three inlets at one
    instant in time are 2 kg/s, 3kg/s, and 5kg/s. The mass flow rates of water through the two outlets at that instant
    are 7kg/s and 6kg/s. Determine the time rate of change of the mass of water in the system at this instant in time.
    Ans: -3kg/s

    ME131-2: M2-W5
    Conservation of Mass
    2. Two gaseous streams enter a combining tube and leave as single mixture. These data apply at the entrance
    section: Gas A, A1 = 75in2, v1 = 500 fps, v1 = 10ft3/lb and for Gas B, A2 = 50in2, m2 = 16.67 kb/s, and ρ = 0.12
    lb/ft3. Lastly, the exit conditions are: v3 = 350 fps, v3 = 7ft3/lb. Find (a) the speed v2 at section 2, and (b) the
    flow and area at the exit section. Ans. 400fps,42.71 lb/s, 0.8542 ft2

    ME131-2: M2-W5
    Bernoulli’s Equation
    1. Water is flowing in an open channel at a depth of 2m and a velocity of 3 m/s. It flows down a chute into another
    channel where the depth is 1m and the velocity is 10m/s. Neglecting friction, determine the difference in
    elevation of the channel flows. Ans: 3.64m

    ME131-2: M2-W5
    End Slide

    Access it here:
    https://zoom.us/rec/share/u0S5boShlh_kpH9zVvdCguM_yENLQEewVJIsPHpcS7YZGNOjp4nJDK3fuGMuzxAn.K-9tFBeHywBurf-K?startTime=1639010043000
    Password: 34%LPM@o

    ME130-2: M1-W3

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