BS Example Class Solution

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Q1 A particular biometric authentication system is being tested.

The test set-up involves both


genuine users and impostors and a summary of the decisions made by the system is
shown below. Calculate the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and False Rejection Rate
(FRR) of this system (in %).

 Number of genuines accepted – 2847


 Number of impostors accepted – 258
 Number of genuines rejected – 153
 Number of impostors rejected – 34742

𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 258


FAR = = = 0.00737 = 0.74%
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑠 258 + 34742

𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 153


FRR = = = 0.051 = 5.1%
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑠 2847 + 153
Q2

(a)
EERA ≈ 4.3%
EERB ≈ 4.0%

(b)
EER line FRRA ≈ 6.1%
FRRB ≈ 5.2%
FRR (in %)

(c)
Both systems
can be used;
however, Sys. A
gives very
limited choice of
thresholds
whereas Sys. B
offers lower FRR
as well as more
B flexibility. So,
A Sys. B should be
preferred.
2 4 6 8 10 12 14

FAR (in %)
Q3 The iriscodes extracted from two iris images (A and B) are given below.

Iriscode A = 01 00 01 11 01 10 10 01 00 10
Iriscode B = 10 00 10 11 11 10 10 00 10 10

Calculate the Hamming Distance between these two iris codes.

1
𝐻𝐷 = ෍ 𝐼𝐴 𝑥𝑜𝑟 𝐼𝐵
𝑁

IA = 01 00 01 11 01 10 10 01 00 10
IB = 10 00 10 11 11 10 10 00 10 10
IA xor IB = 11 00 11 00 10 00 00 01 10 00

1
𝐻𝐷 = 20x7 = 0.35
Ridge bifurcation Ridge end core
Q4
Q5 Table 2 shows the outcome of an evaluation of a biometric verification system with respect to three
users: Adam (A), Bill (B) and Charles (C). Ten samples from each user (labelled A, B and C
respectively) have been tested where everyone claimed to be Adam (A). In each case, Table 2
records the system’s decision as either “Accept” or “Reject”.

(a) Determine the False Reject Rate (FRR) and the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) of the system.

(b) On the basis of the available evidence, determine whether Adam (A) should be categorised as a
sheep, a goat or a lamb, providing appropriate quantitative indicators to support your
categorisation.

(a)
FRR = 1/15 = 6.67%
FAR = 9/30 = 30%

(b)
Adam showed low FRR (6.67%).

When Bill pretended to be


Adam, he succeeded 7 out of 15
attempts (46.7%) which is high.

So, Adam is most likely a lamb.

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