Art App Module First Term

Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: IM No.: 2 GEARTS-1STSEM-2020-2021
College of Arts and Sciences

Bambang Campus
DEGREE BSIT-COS, BSME 1B, COURSE NO. GEARTS

BSCOOP 1A, BSIT 1A-
PROGRAM DFT, BSIT 1A-ELC, BSIT
1A-FDT
SPECIALIZATION COURSE TITLE Art Appreciation
YEAR LEVEL FIRST YEAR TIME FRAME 3 hours WK NO. 2 IM NO. 1
I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE

Understanding Humanities and Art Appreciation
II. LESSON TITLE

Humanities and Art Appreciation
III. LESSON OVERVIEW

This lesson provides the students an overview of the origin of humanities and art. It also provides an
avenue for the learners to unlock concepts relating to the study of art as a subject. Opportunities will be
given to the students to share their insights on the importance of art in the contemporary world.
IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. trace the history of humanities and art;

2. define basic concepts related to the study of humanities, art, art appreciation, and art history; and
3. prove the importance of art in the contemporary world.
V. LESSON CONTENT
I. Introduction
1. Origin and Meaning of Humanities
II. Definition of Art, Art Appreciation, Art History, Creativity and Imagination
III. Relevance of Art Appreciation
I. Introduction
Looking at, making, and writing about art develops critical thinking skills, or a "questioning frame
of mind.” Our culture is increasingly dominated by images: learn to read and understand them fully. Art
helps us understand more about the culture and values that produced it. Art contains information.
Creativity is essential in any field of study.
The intellect of humans direct humankind to a more meaningful actions in two different activities:
the action to be done in relation to its ultimate destiny and morality and works to be done in relation to
social needs. The necessity of art, therefore, is in its proper frame for humans to appreciate the beauty
of what is around them.
1. Origin and Meaning of Humanities
Humanities is derived from the Latin word humanus, which means refined or cultured human.
The humanities are studies about human culture, such as literature, philosophy, and history. Studying
the humanities gives you general knowledge and intellectual skills rather than occupational or
professional skills. The humanities provide general knowledge about the best accomplishments of
human beings throughout history. Learning the works of Shakespeare, Plato, and Beethoven, and our
very own lose Rizal is part of the humanities. The humanities make a person educated, but not
necessarily for a specific. Most people require a more specific area of study beyond the humanities.
The humanities are the stories, the ideas, and the words that help us make sense of our lives
and our world (White, 1997). The humanities introduce us to people we have never met, places we
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educational purposes and not for commercial distribution.
have never visited, and ideas that may have never crossed our minds. By showing how others have
lived and thought about life, the humanities help us decide what is important in our own lives and what
we can do to make them better. By connecting us with other people, they point the way to answers
about what is right or wrong, or what is true to our heritage and our history. The humanities help us
address the challenges we face together in our families, our communities, and as a nation. Humanities
make man more humane, cultured, dignified, and refined human being. In short, humanities bring out
the best and worthiness of man as a person.
As fields of study, the humanities emphasize analysis and exchange of ideas rather than the
creative expression of the arts or the quantitative explanation of the sciences.
II. Definition of Art, Art Appreciation, Art History, Creativity and Imagination
1. Art
Art is a subject under humanities. There is no one universal definition of art since art is
subjective. It is subjective in the sense that people differ in their perception of an object or thing. Some
people may consider an object as something beautiful and meaningful while others may consider it as
ugly or meaningless. In other words, different authors and writers define art in various ways as they
perceive it. Moreover, the meaning of art has changed throughout history due to multicultural settings.
Thus, every time a new movement in art emerged, the meaning of what is art, or what is acceptable as
art, is being challenged.
Hereunder are some of the definitions of art given by various authors and writers.
1. Art is derived from the Latin word “ars,” meaning ability or skill - J.V. Estolas ‘
2. Art is taken from the Italian word “artis,” which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form,
inventiveness, and the associations that exists between form and ideas, between material and
technique. - A. Tan
3. Art is a product of man's need to express himself - F. Zulueta
4. Art is concerned itself with the communication of certain ideas and feelings by means of sensuous
medium, color, sound, bronze, marble, words and film - C. Sanchez
5. Art is that which brings life in harmony with the world - Plato
2. Art Appreciation
Art Appreciation is referred to the knowledge of the general and everlasting qualities that
classify all great art. It is used to refer to the exploration of visual art forms or the introduction of basic
principles of visual literacy. It refers to analyzing the form of an artwork to general audiences to
enhance their enjoyment of such works of art. It may be analyzed without reference to subject matter,
symbolism or historical context. Art appreciation can be subjective depending on personal preference to
aesthetics and form, or it can be based on several elements and principles of design and also depends
on social and cultural acceptance. Most of the modern art critics and art historians draw back from this
term, underrating art appreciation as demanding too little serious thought.
Art appreciation refers to the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of the universal and
timeless qualities characterizing works of art. It invokes an analysis of the works based on
acknowledged elements of composition and principles of design, through which enjoyment of the
humanities is enhanced (Ariola, 2014).

3. Art History
Art history is the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts; that
is genre, design, format, and style. The study includes painting, sculpture, architecture, ceramics,
furniture, and other decorative objects (Mansfield, 2002).
As a term, art history, its product being history of art, encompasses several methods of studying
the visual arts; in common usage referring to works of art and architecture.
As a discipline, art history is distinguished from art criticism, which is concerned with
establishing a relative artistic value upon individual works with respect to Others of comparable style, or
sanctioning an entire style or movement; and art theory or “philosophy of art”, which is concerned with
the fundamental nature art. One branch of this area of study is aesthetics, which includes investigating
the enigma of the sublime and determining the essence of beauty (Elkins, 2006).
Art history is not only a biographical endeavor. Art historians often m their studies in the scrutiny
of individual objects. They thus attempt to answer in historically specific ways, questions such as: What
are key features of this style, What meaning did this object convey, How does it function visually, Did
the artist meet their goals well, What symbols are involved, and Does it function discursively?
4. Creativity and Imagination

The biggest difference between creativity and imagination is that imagination is thinking of
something whether it is an object, place, time, etc., that is not present, while creativity is doing
something meaningful with your imagination. Imagination allows us to think of things that are not real or
around us at any given time, creativity allows us to do something meaningful with our imaginations.
Imagination is about seeing the impossible, or unreal. Creativity is using imagination to unleash
the potential of existing ideas in order to create new and valuable ones.
The biggest difference between each of these is the frame of focus we have when attempting to
utilize each.
With imagination, our focus can be on things that are impossible. Creativity requires our focus to
be on things that might be possible, but we can’t be sure until we explore them further.
Where imagination simply requires that we have some context from which to envision an idea,
creativity requires that we have knowledge of the idea, motivation and freedom to explore and tinker,
intelligence to see what makes the convergence of any set of ideas possible, and then the energy to
see the process through.
We have a tendency to use the terms "being imaginative" and "being creative" as synonyms,
but they are not. It’s quite possible to be imaginative without being creative (Naiman, 2016). Creativity
is the act of turning new and imaginative ideas into reality... If you have ideas, but don't act on them,
you are imaginative but not creative.”
We are all born with imagination but creativity is learned. And you deserve your chance to learn it.
III. Relevance of Art Appreciation
Art appreciation is important to our lives. However, people differ in their, appreciation of art.
Their appreciation of art depends on personal preference on: (1) the aesthetics and form of art; (2)
elements and principles of design; and (3) social and cultural acceptance. Thus, appreciation of art can
be subjective.
Art appreciation is important to students. It develops their visual thinking and analytical skills
where they are able to observe closely and describe What they see around them in detail, so as to
provide evidence for their observations. Small efforts done by the students such as these can lead to a
greater appreciation of art.

Art appreciation is also important to others for the following reasons:

Art appreciation -
1. can help the person make sense of his, world by broadening his experience and understanding of
the things around him.
2. can help the person imagine even the unimaginable.
3. is able to connect a person’s life and experience the past, the present, and the future or sometimes
simultaneously.
4. can help transport the individual to different places and culture through literature, films, Visual arts,
and other forms of art.
5. allows the individual to see himself, his family dynamics as well as his community through different
lens of great art.
6. enable the individual to better empathize with those who suffered and endured for their lives
through great art forms
7. gives meaning to the data science provides. If science give us empirical facts, tie these facts
together with theories, it’s the humanists who turn these facts with moral, emotional, and spiritual
meanings.
Famous personalities say something about art appreciation.
1. “Studying the arts in college prepares the person for a lifetime of pleasure and appreciation of being
open to new experience and of becoming that ideal every liberal arts college strives to produce a
lifelong learner” - Barbara Ernst Prey, artist and member of the National Council in the Arts
2. “Our nation’s future may depend on our creativity and our ability to understand and appreciate the
cultures around the world as much as our proficiency in reading and math - Cornell University
President David Skorton
3. “Art can serve as a symbol for something that is tangible, or for a thought, an emotion, a feeling; or
a concept. Through peaceful means, it can convey full spectrum of the human experience. Perhaps
that is why appreciating art is so important” - Archeologist Nicholas Conrad
VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
A. Word Bank
Define the terms using your own words. (3 points each to make it 15 points)
1. Humanities -
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Art-
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Art appreciation -
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Art history -
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Creativity -
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Rubrics

3 The concept was clearly defined using own words. No spelling, punctuation, and
grammatical errors.
2 The concept was defined but some of it were copied from the book or from a seatmate.
Few spelling, punctuation, and grammatical errors.
1 The concept was not defined clearly. It doesn’t show originality. Most of it shows
spelling, punctuation, and grammatical errors.
B. PROJECT
Make a collage on the importance of art in the contemporary world. Paste on a one whole cartolina
paper. (50 points)
Rubrics
Criteria Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
(10) (7-9) (6-4) (3-1)
Variety of pictures Variety of Good variety of Adequate Limited variety of
 Used to pictures were pictures used to variety of pictures to
develop main used to develop develop the pictures to develop the main
idea the main idea. main idea. develop the idea.
main idea.
Ideas Few original Some original Some original Few original ideas
 Originality ideas in material ideas in material ideas in material in material or
 Interest or display are or display are or display are display are
evident to evident to evident to evident to
stimulate stimulate some stimulate some stimulate interest.
interest. interest. interest.
Relevance of Materials Materials Some materials Little materials
material selected were all selected were were relevant selected were
 Connected to relevant and mostly relevant and somewhat relevant and
main idea clearly and connected connected to the rarely connected
connected to the to the main idea. main idea. to the main idea.
main idea.
Visual impact Overall visual
Overall visual Overall visual Overall visual
 Effectiveness impact is very impact is impact is impact is limited.
of overall effective. effective. somewhat
presentation effective
Date of submission Submitted before Submitted on Submitted after Submitted after
the date of the date of the date of several days after
submission. submission. submission. the intended date
of submission.
VII. ASSIGNMENT: Answer it briefly and concisely. (15 points)

Choose a topic below and explain it.
1. Art is universal.
2. Art is cultural.
3. Art is not nature.
4. Art involves experience.
5. Art as an expression.
6. As a form of creativity
Rubrics
Criteria Excellent Fair Poor
(3) (2) (1)
Content Interesting content Some interesting Gives the impression
and presentation; content; points not of writing just to
ideas well-conceived sustainable or not complete for
and developed with fully developed. compliance.

sufficient examples.
Organization Logical progression Logical progression Disorganized
of ideas with well but lacks transitions. presentation of ideas.
executed transition of
ideas.
Grammar and mechanics Essay is free of Essay has few Most spelling,
distracting spelling, spelling, punctuation, punctuation and
punctuation and and grammatical grammar create
grammatical errors. errors. reading difficult to
understand the
concept.
Originality The ideas were Some ideas were The entire idea was
presented using the copied from books/ copied from books/
students’ own words. internet or from fellow internet or from fellow
students. students.
Date of submission Submitted on the Submitted after the Submitted after
date of submission. date of submission. several days after the
deadline.
VIII. EVALUATION (Note: Not to be included in the student’s copy of the IM)
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it down on the space
provided in each item.
____ 1. Humanities is derived from what Latin word?
A. Hominae C. Humanus
B. Homos C. None of the above
____ 2. History is also a part of our ___________________.
A. character C. mental attitude
B. lives D. thoughts
____ 3. Creativity requires that we have a ____________________.
A. energy to see the process C. motivation and freedom to explore
B. knowledge of the idea D. All of the above
____ 4. As a term, art history is_________________.
A. distinguished from art criticism C. limited to relatively rich societies with
sophisticated technologies
B. encompasses several methods of studying D. None of the above
the visual arts
____ 5. Which of the following statements is true of culture?
A. Archeologists are scientists. C. Culture is a power that create something.
B. Art is part of culture D. Nature is culture.
____ 6. With imagination, our focus can be on ___________________.
A. things that are impossible C. things that are present
B. things that might be possible D. things that are probable
____ 7. As a field of study, the humanities emphasize analysis and ____________.

A. exchange of ideas C. possessions of wealth
B. limitations of humans D. None of the above
____ 8. Which of the following is true?
A. Art is a discipline. C. Philosophy develops intellectual abilities.
B. Imagination is thinking of something. D. All of the above

B. IDENTIFICATION: Identify what it asked in the following items. Incorrect spelling is wrong. (2 points
each)
_____________________ 1. The Italian root word for arts.
_____________________ 2. He said that art is a product of man’s need to express himself.
_____________________ 3. The study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic
contexts.
_____________________ 4. Seeing the impossible or unreal is the concept of _______________.
_____________________ 5. The term humanities came up during the time of rebirth and refinement of
culture and education. What movement is being referred?
C. ESSAY: Answer the question comprehensively with not less than 100 words and not more than 150
words. (12 points)
1. How can you utilize the arts to express yourself, your community and your relation to others and
with the environment?
Rubrics
Criteria Excellent Fair Poor
(3) (2) (1)
Content Interesting content Some interesting Gives the impression
and presentation; content; points not of writing just to
ideas well-conceived sustainable or not complete for
and developed with fully developed. compliance.
sufficient examples.
Organization Logical progression Logical progression Disorganized
of ideas with well but lacks transitions. presentation of ideas.
executed transition of
ideas.
Grammar and Essay is free of Essay has few Most spelling,
mechanics distracting spelling, spelling, punctuation, punctuation and
punctuation and and grammatical grammar create
grammatical errors. errors. reading difficult to
understand the
concept.
Count of words Follows the not less
than 100 words and
not more 150 words.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
IX. REFERENCES
Ariola, M. (2018). Art appreciation. Metro Manila: Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing
Inc.
Leano, R. & Agtani, J.M. (2018). Art appreciation for college students. Metro Manila: Mindshapers Co.,
Inc

Pagay, J. & Gutierez, M. (2018). Fundamentals of art appreciation. Bulacan: St. Andrew Publishing
House, Inc.

Bambang Campus
DEGREE COURSE NO. GEARTS

PROGRAM
YEAR LEVEL TIME FRAME 3 hours WK NO. 3 IM NO. 2
II. LESSON TITLE
Basic Assumptions, Nature and Functions of Arts
This lesson provides the students an overview of the assumptions, nature and functions of arts.
This will give them the opportunity to clarify misconceptions between assumption and nature of art.
They will be provided with the idea that art is part of life of human beings. Every art from has its definite
function since it satisfies a particular need. It will also explain that not all arts has function for it has
exemptions.
1. clarify misconception about art; and

2. illustrate the functions of art.
V. LESSON CONTENT
1. Basic Assumptions of Arts
1.1 Art is universal
1.2 Art is cultural
1.3 Art is not nature
1.4 Art involves experience
1.5 Art as an expression
1.6 As a form of creativity
2. Nature of Arts
2.1 Art is a diverse range of human activities
2.2 Art represents reality
2.3 Art is an expression
2.4 Art serves as means of communication of emotions
2.5 Art matters
2.7 Art is creation
3. Functions of Arts
3.1 Aesthetic function
3.2 Utilitarian function
3.3 Cultural function
3.4 Social function
3.5 Political function
3.6 Educational function

3.7 Spiritual function
4. Functional and non-functional arts
1. Basic Assumptions of Arts

Assumption is a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof. It is something
that you accept as true without question or proof. Below are some assumptions about art:
Art has always been timeless and universal,
spanning generations and continents through and
through (slidesahre.net, 2019). Often times, people feel
that what is considered artistic are only those which
have been made long time ago. This is a misconception.
Age is not a factor in determining art. “An art is not good
because it is old, but old because it is good” (Dudley et
al., 1960).
In every country of the world, art exist because it
is important to people’s lives. It is the oldest and most
important means of expression developed by man in any
culture. In fact, man learned to draw before he could
even start to talk as evidenced by some early paintings
in caves and trunks of trees – shown in prehistoric
times. Art has been created by all people of the world at
all times; it has lived because it is liked and enjoyed.
The elements and forms of art apply to all arts everywhere (Ariola, 2018).
Here are some examples that shows that art is universal (from ruelpositive.com).
 In the Philippines, the works of Jose Rizal and Francisco Balagtas are not being read because
they are old.
 Florante at Laura never fails to teach high school students the beauty of love, one that is
universal and pure.
 Ibong Adarna, another Filipino masterpiece, has always captured the imagination of the young
with its timeless lessons.
 When we recite the Psalms, we feel in communion with King David as we feel one with him in
his conversation with God.
 When we listen to a Kundiman or perform folk dances, we still enjoy the way our Filipino
ancestors while away their time in the past.
1.2 Art is cultural

According to Dr. Mariano Ariola
(2018), art contribute to the understanding of
the past and present cultures. Through art,
people learn about their culture’s values and
strengthen their culture’s identity. Through art,
the people feel proud of their customs,
traditions and beliefs they give sense of
belonging.
The artists’ work such as painting,
sculpture, music, dances, ceramics prints,
and others are records of their society’s
culture. They create within the person’s
sensitivities toward their community, their
country and the world around them.

Art becomes cultural when it depicts people’s way of life, religious practices, mores and
traditions, etc. (Leano & Agtani, (2018).
Bayanihan by Carlos “Botong” Francisco

1.3 Art is not nature
Art is not nature because it is man-made. Art is man’s interpretation of what he perceives as
art. Art is man’s way of interpreting nature. Nature, such as the mountains, the volcano, lakes, rivers,
land terrains are made by God and not by man. Thus, art is made by man by all times (Ariola, 2018).
1.4 Art involves experienceUnlike fields of knowledge that involve data, art is known by
experiencing. A work of art then cannot be abstracted from actual doing. In order to know what
an artwork is, we have to sense it, see or hear it, and see and hear it (slideshare.net, 2019).
When a work is finished in a satisfactory manner, an experience occurs. Likewise, when a
problem is solved or a game is played, or a conversation is rounded out satisfactorily; experience do
occur. Fulfillment and consummation of an act conclude the experience.
In all experiences, every successively part flows freely. Artists use their experiences to ventilate
their feelings through the works that they make. Some artists focus on societal problems, issues, and
concerns. Some of them use expressionism to communicate strong and intense feelings. They reflect in
their works on the brink of socio-cultural problems because of their experiences. For example, Ang
Kiukok, a famous Filipino-Chinese painter likes to dwell on subject matters showing the “harsh,
disturbing, morbid” realities happening in the Philippines. Due to his experiences, he likes to express
anger as well as frustration in his paintings. Emotion is the moving and cementing force of his artwork.
In like manner, the painting of Vincent Van Gogh, the “Starry Night” is an expression of feelings
based from his experiences. In his artwork, he displayed stars swirling in the sky. He used bold jagged
strokes, gloomy colors to convey strong and strange feelings. The lines, colors and shapes express his
feelings about the scene in his paintings. The expression of the artists is shown in the way they express
their feelings towards their artwork.
An important aspect of experiencing art is its being highly personal, individual, and subjective. In
philosophical terms, perception of art is always a value judgment. It depends on who the perceive is,
his tastes, his biases, and what he has inside (ruelpositive.com).
1.5 Art as an expression

According to Jeff Lee (2016), art is a form of expression of the deepest emotion of the minds.
According to him, the egoic mind (conscious mind) and the echoic mind (unconscious mind) together
making up the totality of thinking.
Artistic expression may be expressed 100% in conscious mind but those who are extremely
artistic or right-brained individuals, they may be more creative and are able to recognize the value of
linking seemingly unrelated thoughts or ideas, methods, and concepts because of their frequent
practice (Ariola, 2018).
1.6 As a form of creativity

Art is a product of imagination that entertains, pleases and inspire people. The various artworks
of artists reflect the artist’s power of creativity. Human is the creator of art, for no art is created without
human who imagined then created it.
Artists create artwork about anything they want, imagine or see around them. The artists use
their imagination to create any artwork using strange shape and different kinds of links and colors.
Color expresses the artist’s personal feelings and moods. Colors symbolize ideas. It brings art a
particular meaning, mood, and feeling in an artwork. The artist's choice of color expresses the beauty
and elegance of the artist’s work and also feeling the artist has at that moment. He does all this as a
consequence of his creative mind and imagination.
Therefore, we can say that art is creative not imitative; artworks are produced by human
creative skill and imagination (Ariola, 2018).
2. Nature of Arts
Nature refers to the basic or inherent features of something, especially when seen as
characteristic of it. Like other things, arts has its nature.
2.1 Art is a diverse range of human activities

Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artworks,
expressing the author’s imaginative or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or
emotional power. In their most general form these activities include the production of works of art, the
criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination of art.
2.2 Art represents reality

Representation is the use of signs that stand in for and take the place of something else. It is
through representation that people organize the world and reality through the act of naming its
elements. Signs are arranged in order to form semantic constructions and express relations. Art
represents reality, since it is often depicting objects or scenes from the world. An artwork can depict
a scene such as a cafe or a restaurant, or a park or garden. 80, there is a sense in which art
represents the mind’s eye or what the imagination perceives.
Planting Rice by Fernando Amorsolo
2.3 Art is an expression

The expression contained in the form is an attempt to translate the unnamed and the unknown.
Intrinsic to our existence as humans is our quest to create meaning, and art allows that process to take
place. Making meaning involves understanding our surroundings and marking our experiences.
2.4 Art serves as means of communication of emotions

The purpose of works of art may be to communicate political, Spiritual or philosophical ideas, to
create a sense of beauty to explore the nature of perception for pleasure, or to generate strong
emotions. Art is an act of expressing feelings, thoughts, and observations of human conditions. A
fundamental purpose common to most art forms is the underlying intention to appeal to, and connect
with, human emotion.
2.5 Art matters

The arts matter because they allow us to express ourselves and illustrate the world around us in
a different light, helping us to gain understanding of people and society, and give hope while living in
this world Art matters because it illustrates the human experiences.

Literally, art can be found in every corner of the world. Art is everywhere and it is imbedded into
the way of life of the people. Exclusivity is out of bounds when we speak of arts because it is for
everyone. Art is the true Esperanto, an artificial international language, the one form of culture that is
genuinely beyond national limitations. Art knows no barriers; not even language is a barrier in
understanding it. Example, foreign arts displayed in museums throughout the world, paintings such as
the Mona Lisa, Sistine Chapel, and photos of well-known places are readily viewed. We have also
some foreign performers performing in the country.
2.7 Art is creation

It is the combination of already existing material elements into new forms which become the
realization of a preconceived idea. Both hut and picture rose in the imagination of their makers before
they took shape as things. The material of each was given already in nature; but the form, as the maker
fashioned it, was new. In its essence and widest compass art is the making of a new thing in response
to a sense of need. The very need itself creates, working through man as its agent.
3. Functions of Arts
Every art form has a definite function since it satisfies a particular need. To the layman, art may
have little function. Some find meaning in art in its ability to serve the purpose for which it was
designed. Obviously, architecture is directly and almost entirely functional because buildings and other
structures are always built for some special purpose. Music and dance were used in ancient rituals and
worship of the gods, for social and folk entertainment, as well as in the military. Paintings and sculpture
may be used to narrate events, to portray people or events, to instruct (as in the case of Christian art),
to commemorate individuals or historical events, and to serve as vehicles of personal expression. Metal
works such as gates, grills, lamps, Christian religious objects, armor, weapons, and tools, ceramics,
glassware, stained glass, mosaic, tilework, textile, and furniture are among the many types of arts or
crafts. Each of these examples is made for some definite and specific use.
3.1 Aesthetic function

Through art, man becomes conscious of the beauty of nature. He benefits from his own work
and from those done by his fellowmen. He learns to use, love, and preserve them for his enjoyment and
appreciation.
2.2 Utilitarian function

With the creation of the various forms of art, man now lives in comfort and happiness. Through
art, man is provided with shelter, clothing, food, light, medicine, beautiful surroundings, personal
ornamentals, entertainment, language, transportation, and other necessities and conveniences of life.
Art does not only enrich man’s life. It also improves nature through landscape gardening, creation of
super highways, and through propagation and conservation of natural resources.
2.3 Cultural function

Through the printed matter, art transmits and preserves skills and knowledge from one
generation to another. It makes man aware of his cultural background, making him more
knowledgeable making his life more enduring and satisfying.
2.4 Social function

Through civic and graphic arts, man learns to love and help each other. International
understanding and cooperation are fostered and nations become more unified, friendly, cooperative,
helpful, and sympathetic.
2.5 Political function

Art reinforces and enhance a sense of identity and ideological connection to specific political
views, political parties and politicians.
2.6 Educational function

There are art symbols and signs to illustrate knowledge and attitudes that are not expressed in
words.

2.7 Spiritual function

Some art works express spiritual beliefs, customs,
ceremonies and rituals about the meaning and destiny of life.
These artworks may have religious significance.
Crucifixion by National Artist

Vicene Manansala
Source:
https://www.pinterest.es/
4. Functional and non-functional arts
Escalona (1992] classified arts into functional
and non-functional:
Functional arts - These are the arts which
have practical usage. Example of this classification is
a chair. It is not only the form of the chair that is
presented. Its functional purpose is also highly
appreciated. For example, is the peacock chair
designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, “the greatest
American architect of all time," recognized by the
American Institute of Architects in 1991.
The Peacock Chair was designed specifically

for Tokyo’s Imperial Hotel in 1921. The chair
features a hexagonal back and geometric
shaping in the negative space of the legs,
reflecting the linesof eth famous Peacock
Room itself, which featured angular, pointed
roofline.
Non-Functional arts - These are arts that have

no purpose except that of giving pleasure or life
enhancement. Example of this kind of classification is a
painting. Grant Wood's painting may amuse us, and/or
provide a detailed commentary about rural mid-western
America, and /or move us deeply.

Grant Wood, American (1891-

1942), American Gothic (1930).
The Art Institute of Chicago and
VAGA, New York.
B. Small-group Discussion
Direction: Select a partner whom you will be discussing the assumptions of art. Discussion may be
done online or offline as long as you will come up with your write up. Explain each assumption by
providing instances or situation using your own words. Provide documentations that you undergo,
sharing of ideas. (30 points - 5 points each)
1. Art is universal
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Art is cultural
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Art is not nature
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Art involves experience
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Art as an expression
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. As a form of creativity
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
(Paste here your documentation)
Rubrics
The concept was clearly explained using own words. No spelling, punctuation, and
5 grammatical errors. Documentations were included to prove that they undergo sharing
of ideas whether online or offline.

The concept was explained but some of it were copied from the book or from another
4 pair. Few spelling, punctuation, and grammatical errors. Provided documentations.
1 The concept was not explained clearly. It doesn’t show originality. Most of it shows
spelling, punctuation, and grammatical errors. No documentations included.
B. Project – Scrapbook. Search pictures of art works that illustrates the functions of art. Give short
explanation on how did that work of art shows the function of art. Give 1 picture of art work in every
function including the details of the artwork (title, author and year of creation). (50 points)
Rubrics
Criteria Excellent Satisfactory Good Needs

(10) (8) (6) improvement
(4)
Creativity Scrapbook is The scrapbook is The scrapbook The scrapbook

very clever and clever at times; added a few shows little or no
presented with thoughtfully and original touches creativity used
originality; a uniquely to enhance was bland,
unique approach presented. project but did predictable and
which truly not incorporate lacked “zip”.
enhanced the throughout.
project.
Mechanics Scrapbook is Scrapbook is There are some The scrapbook

engaging, uses well-written sentences are has poorly
provocative sentences; organized; some organized
sentences and effective use of effective use of sentences;
creative writing. It language & language & ineffective use of
captures interest vocabulary; vocabulary; some language &
is extremely variety & interest; variety & interest; vocabulary; lacks
organized one or two errors. more than two variety & interest;
sentences; errors. frequent errors.
sophisticated use
of language &
vocab. No errors.
Appearance Word processed Demonstrates There are pages Has illegible

or typed, clean & legible writing, or stapled poorly; writing; loose
neatly bound in a well-formed inappropriate use pages or stapled
cover, good characters, clean of materials; poorly;
quality & neatly bound in messy physical inappropriate use
illustrations a report cover, appearance; may of materials;
provided. illustrations. have torn or messy physical
wrinkled pages. appearance; may
have torn or
wrinkled pages.
Demonstrated Demonstrates a Demonstrates a Demonstrates Demonstrates

Learning & thorough good some little or no
Understanding understanding of understanding of understanding of understanding of
character & character & character & character &
events in story. events in story. events in story. events in story.

Date of Submitted before Submitted on the Submitted after Submitted after

submission the date of date of the date of several days after
submission. submission. submission. the intended date
of submission.
VII. ASSIGNMENT
1. Define the following concepts:
a.
b. Representational subject e. Content of art
c. Non-representational subject f. Contemporary art
d. Subject of art
Rubrics
Criteria Poor Good Excellent

(1) (2) (3)
Vocabulary Word The vocabulary word The vocabulary word The vocabulary word is
is not listed. is listed, but spelled listed and spelled
incorrectly. correctly.
Vocabulary Definition The definition of the A definition of the The correct definition is
vocabulary word is not vocabulary word is used, and is complete.
included on the page incomplete.
or the wrong definition
is written.
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it down on the space
provided in each item.
____ 1. Community planning includes the following except:
A. Civic center C. Street and roads
B. Parks, plazas and malls D. Valued places
____ 2. Which of the following is true?
A. Art is an expression. C. Art is creation.
B. Art matters. D. All of the above.
____ 3. Art is universal because______________________.
A. it is true to all society. C. it varies from one society to another.
B. it is continuous. D. it has a tendency to grow and expand.
____ 4. Art performs social function when ____________________.
A. it varies from one society to another. C. it is pass on to other people.
B. it is developed by humans. D. display and celebration.
____ 5. An artist may create out of a need for self-expression, or gratification:
A. personal function C. social function
B. physical function D. all of the above
____ 6. Which doesn’t belong to the group?
A. Art is cultural ____ 7. Which of the following is a nature of art?
B. Art is nature A. Art matters.
C. Art is a form of expression B. Art is expression.
D. All of the above C. Art serves as means of
communication of emotions.
D. All of the above

For item 8-10, analyze the pictures and
determine what function of art does it show.
____ 8. The Last Supper by Leonardo Da
Vinci
A. Aesthetic function
B. Cultural Function
C. Spiritual function
D. Utilitarian function
____ 9.
Ifugao
House
A. Aesthetic function
B. Cultural Function
C. Social function
D. Spiritual function

____ 10.
A. Aestheti
c
function
B. Cultural
Function
C. Spiritual function
D. Social function
B. ESSAY. Answer the question comprehensively with not less than 100 words and not more than 150
words. (15 points)
1. Why does art demand involvement?
Rubrics
Criteria Unsatisfactory Needs Satisfactory Outstanding

(1-2) Improvement (4) (5)
(3)
Content & - Content is - Content is not - Content is - Content is

Development incomplete. comprehensive accurate and comprehensive,
- Major points are and /or persuasive. accurate, and
not clear. persuasive. - Major points are persuasive.
-Specific - Major points are stated. - Major points are
examples are not addressed, but - Responses are stated clearly
used. not well adequate and and are well

supported. address topic. supported.

- Responses are - Content is - Responses are
inadequate or do clear. excellent, timely
not address -Specific and address
topic. examples are topic.
-Specific used. - Content is
examples do not clear.
support topic. -Specific
examples are
used.
Organization & - Organization - Structure of the - Structure is - Structure of the

Structure and structure paper is not easy mostly clear and paper is clear
detract from the to follow. easy to follow. and easy to
message. - Transitions - Transitions are follow.
- Writing is need present. - Transitions are
disjointed and improvement. - Conclusion is logical and
lacks transition of - Conclusion is logical. maintain the flow
thoughts. missing, or if of thought
provided, does throughout the
not flow from the paper.
body of the - Conclusion is
paper. logical and flows
from the body of
the paper.
Grammar, Paper contains Paper contains Rules of Rules of

Punctuation & numerous few grammatical, grammar, usage, grammar, usage,
Spelling grammatical, punctuation and and punctuation and punctuation
punctuation, and spelling errors. are followed with are followed;
spelling errors. minor errors. spelling is
Spelling is correct.
correct.
IX. REFERENCES
A. Books
Ariola, M. (2018). Art appreciation. Metro Manila: Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc.
Leano, R. & Agtani, J.M. (2018). Art appreciation for college students. Metro Manila: Mindshapers
Co.,Inc
House, Inc.
B. E-Resources
Slideshare.net (2019, December 2). Lesson 1 What is art appreciation? Introduction and Assumptions.
Retrieved August 8, 2020 from https://www.slideshare.net/jinedeth/lesson-1-what-is-art-appreciation-
introduction-and assumptions#:~:text=Three%20assumptions%20on%20art%20are,and%20its
%20need%20for%20experience.&text=Without%20experience%2C%20there%20is%20no,directly
%20in%20touch%20with%20art
Wel, T. (2018, November 17). Art: Introduction and Assumptions. Retrieved August 8, 2020 from
http://www.ruelpositive.com/art-introduction-assumptions


Bambang Campus

PROGRAM
II. LESSON TITLE
Subject and Content of Arts
This lesson provides the students an overview on the subject and content of art. It will also
explain how artist came up with artworks that includes their sources of subject. This lesson will give
them the opportunity to analyze content of art based on the subject.
3. differentiate content from subject;

4. classify artworks according to subject; and
5. analyze how artists present their subject in relation to real subject.
V. LESSON CONTENT
Subject and Content of Arts

1. Three Basic Components of a Work of arts
In viewing art, there are clues that mediate between the artwork and the viewer, allowing the
viewer to more easily comprehend what he is seeing.
These clues are the three basic components of artwork of art:

 Subject – the visual focus or the image that may be extracted from examining the artwork; the
“what”. The subject of art refers to any person, subject, scene or event described or represented
in an artwork.
 Content – the meaning that is communicated by the artist or the artwork; the “why”. In art refers
to the meaning or significance and/or feeling imparted by a work of art.
 Form – the development and configuration of the artwork – how the elements and the medium
or material are put together; the “how”
2. Types of Subject of Art

2.1 Representational Art

This is also known as objective

or figurative art that represents objects
or events in the real world, usually
looking easily recognizable. It uses
“form” and is concerned with “what” is to
be depicted in the art work.
Painting, sculpture, graphic arts,
literature, and theater arts are generally
classified as representational arts,
although some paintings and sculptures
are without subjects. Music and dance
may or may not have subjects.
According to Pagay and
Guttierrez (2018), representational art
simply represents or shows actual
objects or subject from reality. This
Filipino painting depicting the old way of cooking.
make artworks under this classification
Courtesy of Pinterest
are widely accepted among masses.
2.2 Non-representational Art

Also known as non-objective
arts. Artworks that have no resemblance
to any real subject. They do not
represent anything and they are what
they are. They rather appeal directly to
the senses primarily because of the
satisfying organization of their elements.
This may take the form of emphasizing
lines, shapes, or colors that transform
the subject. It is abstract in the sense
that it doesn’t represent real objects in
our world. It uses “content” and is
concerned with “how” the artwork is
depicted.
Abstract painting by Ivan Acuna. Courtesy of Muebles

Italiano.
3. Sources of Subject of Art
3.1 Primary Sources
These sources provide first-hand testimony or direct evidence concerning a topic under
investigation. They are created by witnesses or recorders who experienced the events or conditions
being documented. Often these sources are created at the time when the events or conditions are
occurring, but primary sources can also include autobiographies, memoirs, and oral histories recorded
later. They are characterized by their content, regardless of whether they are available in original
format, in microfilm/microfiche, in digital format, or in published format.
Other sources of primary sources:
o artwork o film of the artist
o interviews o diaries
o speeches o letters
o photographs o history
o mythology o Christian tradition
o Sacred oriental text
Where to find the primary sources:

o archives o catalogues
o art galleries o Sketch books
o exhibits o art museums
o notebooks o art and cultural centers
Other sources of art subjects are:
1. Nature – animals, people, landscapes. These three are the most common inspiration and
subject matter of art.
2. History – events taking place in the world. The dress, the houses, the manner of living, the
thoughts of a period are necessarily reflected in the artwork.
3. Greek and Roman Mythology – gods and goddesses. Centers on deities and heroes.
4. The Christian tradition – religion and art, the Bible, the Apocrypha, the rituals of the
church.
5. Oriental Sacred Texts – Countries of the Orient (China, Japan, and Korea) and India have
produced sacred texts that inspired various kinds of art.
3.2 Secondary Sources
These sources interpret and analyze primary sources. They are often written significantly after
events by parties not directly involved by who have special expertise, they may provide historical
context or critical perspectives. Secondary sources include pictures, quotes or graphics of primary
sources. Newspaper and journal may fall in both primary and secondary sources depending on the
subject.
4.Kinds of Subject of Art

Artist usually draw their art through the different kinds of subject. These include:
1. Still Life – These are group of inanimate objects arranged in an indoor setting. Examples
are flowers and fruits arrangements; dishes; food; pots and pans; musical instruments; and
music sheets. The arrangement is that like to show particular human interests and activities.
The still life of Chinese and Japanese painters usually show flowers, fruits, and leaves still in
natural setting, unplucked from the branches. Today, focus is on the exciting arrangement
and combination of the object’s shapes and colors.
2. Landscapes, Seascapes, and

Cityscapes – Artists have always been
fascinated with their physical
environment.
a. Favorite subject of Chinese
and Japanese painters.
b. Fernando Amorsolo is well-
known for having romanticized
Philippine landscape.
c. In Europe, the paintings of pure
landscape without human
figures were almost unheard of
until the Renaissance period.
They only served as
background in cities. Vicente “Antipolo” by Fernando Amorsolo
Manansala, Arturo Cruz, and Mauro Malang Santos are some local painters who
have done cityscapes.
3. Animals – They have been represented by artist from almost every ages and places. In
fact, the earliest known paintings are representation of animals on the walls of caves. The
carabao, type of domestic Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) have been the favorite subject of
Filipino artists. The Maranaos have an animal from of sarimanok as their proudest prestige
symbol. Sometimes, animals have been used as symbols in conventional religious art,
example:
a. Dove – symbol of Holy Spirit in representation of the Holy Trinity
b. Fish and lamb – symbol of Christ
c. Phoenix – symbol of resurrection
d. Peacock – symbol of immortality through Christ
Sarimanok art by the

Maranaos Young Filipina on a Carabao by Fernando Amorsolo (1938)
4. Portraits – People have always

been intrigued by the human facer
as an index of the owner’s
character. As an instrument of
expression, it is capable of
showing variety of moods and
feelings. Portraits are realistic
likeness of person in sculpture,
painting, drawing or print but it
need to be photographic likeness.
A great portrait is a product of
selective process, the artist
highlighting the certain features
and de-emphasizing others. It
does not have to be beautiful, but Self-portrait of Felix Bronze Bust of Dr.
it has to be truthful. Besides the Resurreccion Hidalgo Jose P. Rizal
face, other things are worth
noticing in portraits are the
subject’s hands, which can be very impressive, his attire and accessories for it reveals much
about the subject’s time.
Statues and busts of leaders and heroes were quite common among the Romans but it
was until Renaissance that portrait painting became popular in Europe. Many artists did self-
portrait. Their own faces provided them unlimited opportunities for character study.
5. Figures – The sculptures’ chief subject has traditionally been the human body, nude or
clothed. The body’s form, structure and flexibility offers the artist a big challenge to depict it
in a variety of ways, ranging from the idealistic as in the classical Greek sculptures to the
most abstract.
The grace and ideal proportions of the human form were captured in religious sculpture
by the ancient Greeks. To them, physical beauty was the symbol of moral and spiritual
perfection; thus they portrayed their gods and goddesses as possessing perfect human
shapes.
Early Christians and medieval artists
seldom represented the nude figures. The
figures used to decorate the walls and
entrances of their churches were distorted so as
not to call undue attention and distract people
from their spiritual thoughts. But Renaissance
artists reawakened an interest in the nude
human figure. A favorite subject among painters
is the female figure in the nude.
University of the Philippine Diliman

Oblation by Guillermo Tolentino
6. Everyday Life – Artist have always shown a deep concern about life around them. Many of
them have recorded in paintings their observation of people going their usual ways and
performing their usual tasks. Genre paintings usually are representation of rice threshers,
cockfighters, candle vendors, street musicians, and children at play.
7. History
and
Women Washing Clothes by Isidro Ancheta (Courtesy of Pinterest)

Legends – History consists of verifiable facts,
legends, of unverifiable ones. Although many of them
are often accepted as true because tradition has held
them so far. Insofar as ancient past is concerned, it
is difficult to tell how much of what we know now is
history and how much is legend. History and legend
are popular subjects of art.
While many books may not be consciously
done historical records, certain information about
history can be pieced from them such as the

costumes and accessories, the status symbols, kinds of dwellings or the means of
transportations.
Malakas and Maganda and Mariang Makiling are among the legendary subjects
TheFilipino
which have been rendered in painting and sculpture by not a few battle of Tirad Pass
artists.
(Courtesy of NCCA)
Mariang
Makiling
painting by
Carlos
“Botong”
Francisco
8. Religion and Mythology – Art has been a hand maiden of religion. Most of the world’s
religions have used
the arts to aid in
worship, to instruct, to
inspire feelings of
devotion and to
impress and convert
non-believers. The
Christian church
commissioned
craftsmen to tell the
stories about Christ
and the saints in
pictures, usually in
mosaic, murals, and
stained glass The First Mass in the Philippines by Carlos “Botong” Francisco
windows in churches.
It also referred to the presentation of
tableaux and plays to preach and to
teach.
The term myth comes from the
Greek word “Mythos,” meaning story or
legend. Myth tries to explain the
relationships between gods and humans.
Although the events in a myth are usually Nuno sa
impossible, they try to send a message Punso –
that has an important social or religious Philippine
meaning. Mythology

9. Dreams and Fantasies – Dreams are usually vague and illogical. Artists, especially the
surrealists tried to depict dreams as well as the grotesque terrors and apprehensions that
lurk in the depths of subconscious. A dream maybe lifelike situation. Therefore, we would
not know if an art is based on a dream unless the artist explicitly mentions it. But if the
picture suggests, the strange, the irrational and the absurd, we can classify it right away as
a fantasy or dream although the artist may have not gotten from the idea of a dream at all
but the workings of his imagination. No limits can be imposed on imagination.
Fantasy by Leonard Aitkins (courtesy of leonardaitkins.com)

5.Content in Art
Content in art refers to the meaning or significance, and/or feeling imparted by a work of art.
This is not the same thing as the subject matter the work depicts. Content of art is inextricably linked
with form. Form refers to the pictorial aspects of art such as word, design, and choice, about shapes,
sizes, colors, contrast, medium, soft, or hard edges, and many other decisions.
Content of art may be classified as factual, conventional, and subjective.
1. Factual meaning
 The literal or the narrative content in the work which can be directly apprehended
because the objects presented are easily recognized.
 Examples:
 Stone
 River
 house, etc.
 Is the most rudimentary level of meaning. Extracted from the identifiable or
recognizable forms in the artwork.
2. Conventional meaning
 The special meaning that a certain object has in particular culture or group of people.
Examples:
 flag symbol of a nation
 cross for Christianity
 crescent moon for Islam
 Pertains to the acknowledged interpretation of the artwork using motifs, signs, and
symbols. Established through time, strengthened by recurrent use and wide acceptance
by its audience who study them.
3. Subjective meaning
 Any personal meaning consciously or unconsciously conveyed by the artist using a
private symbolism which stems from his own association of certain objects, actions or
colors with past experience.
 A particular work of art that is consulted and read. Meanings that came from the
viewers or audience’s circumstances and experiences. Meanings may not be singular,
rather, there are multiple and varied.

C. Venn Diagram: Differentiate subject of art from content of art using the Venn diagram technique.
(15 points)
Subject of Art Content of Art
Both

Criteria Score
Similarities 5
Differences 5
Organization 5
Total 15
D. Picture Analysis. Research 5 Contemporary artworks of Filipino artists. Identify and discuss the
subject, source, type, and kind of subject. Analyze the content of art using the factual, conventional
and subjective meaning. Use the format below. (40 points)
1) Picture of artworks (2 points)
2) Subject 3) Source 4) Kind of subject
Meaning of artwork
5) Factual 6) Conventional 7) Subjective
VII. ASSIGNMENT
Criteria Score
Depth of reflection 5
Quality of Information 5
Structure & Organization 5
Grammar 5
Count of Words 5
Total 25
2. Reflection paper - Human beings possess the ability to project our thoughts forward to speculate
about what will happen in the future. We can contemplate our own mortality and reflect on existence
beyond our own lives. Doing so can plunge us into despair or elevate us to heights of exultation. In
times of desperation, can art serve as a talisman, an object to have power to bring luck or offer
protection, against, those things or events we fear in hope the occurrence can be warded off.
Defend your answer in not less 100 words but not more than 150 words. (20 poin

IM No.: 1 GEARTS-1STSEM-2020-2021
1. IDENTIFICATION. Identify the following
______________________ 1. The literal meaning or the narrative content.
______________________ 2. This refers to the special meaning that a certain object has in a particular
culture or group of people.
______________________ 3. The famous work of art by Leonard Aitkin.
______________________ 4. Unverifiable fact.
______________________ 5. They are usually vague and illogical.
______________________ 6. These are realistic likeness of a person in sculpture, painting, drawing or
print.
______________________ 7. It tries to explain the relationship between gods and goddesses and
humans.
______________________ 8. It symbolizes resurrection.
______________________ 9. The favorite subjects of Chinese and Japanese painters.
______________________ 10. The artist who painted the Antipolo.
______________________ 11. These provide first-hand testimony or direct evidence.
______________________ 12. Type of subject with no recognizable objects.
______________________ 13. The painting of Isidro Ancheta depicting an everyday life as a kind of
subject of art.
______________________ 14. The artist who made the UP Oblation.
______________________ 15. He is known for romanticizing the Philippine landscape.
IX. REFERENCES
Books
Inc
House, Inc.
E-Resources
Dela Cruz, J. (2018, August 22). Subject and Content of Arts. Retrieved August 11, 2020 from
https://www.slideshare.net/janril/subject-and-content-of-arts
Demerin, A. (2019, June 29). Subject and Content of Art. Retrieved August 11, 2020 from
https://www.scribd.com/document/415029843/Subject-and-Content-of-Art
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 30 of 42

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”

Bambang Campus

PROGRAM
The Filipino Art and Crafts
II. LESSON TITLE
1. Pre-Colonial Art forms in the Archipelago

2. Famous Indigenous Musical Instruments in the Philippines
3. Importance of Philippine Artistic Handicrafts
4. Common Handicraft Materials
5. Traditional Handiwork in the Philippines
6. Philippine GAMABA Awards
This lesson provides the students an overview on the subject and content of art. It will also
explain how artist came up with artworks that includes their sources of subject. This lesson will give
them the opportunity to analyze content of art based on the subject.

1. understand the Pre-Colonial Art forms in the Archipelago;
2. identify the famous indigenous musical instruments in the Philippines;
3. demonstrate knowledge about importance of Philippine Artistic Handicrafts;
4. determine the common handicraft materials and the traditional handiwork in the Philippines; and
5. recognize the importance of the Philippine GAMABA Awards and its awardees.
V. LESSON CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
Like in any other country, art influenced the life of the Filipinos and the things that surround
them. The Philippine arts reflect a Filipino society with diverse cultural influences and
traditions of the Malayan peoples such as the Chinese and Indians. Islamic traditions were
introduced to the Philippine Islands in the 14th century.
Likewise, Europe and the United States intensely influenced Filipino artists. However, while
drawing on Western forms, the works of Filipino musicians, painters, and writers are imbued with
distinctly Philippine themes. By expressing the richness of the culture of the archipelago in all its
diversity, Filipino artists have helped in shaping a sense of national identity. Many Malay cultural
traditions have continued until this time despite foreign rule. Muslims and tribal groups
maintained distinct traditions in dance, music, and sculpture.
Indigenous arts in the Philippines are labors of love and patience. The intricate carvings on wood,
metal, stone or glass are products of skillful hands and imaginative minds of the different tribes of
the archipelago. Indigenous musical instruments like the flute, drums, rainsticks, native guitars,
and bells made of bamboo, animal skin, seeds, and seashells. The careful manipulation of these
materials produces sounds and unique instruments used mostly in tribal dances and rituals
(Ramirez, 1999).
1.Pre-Colonial Art forms in the Archipelago
The arts in the Philippine archipelago had its past and continued to develop by numerous
modern artists. With their different context regarding history, style, cultural symbols, and
meanings, these artworks are portrayed (Estrella, 2017). The following are some known
artforms in the Philippines:
Agung. It is a musical instrument of the Kulintang ensemble which is played by one or

two persons depending on its number. By using a rubber-padded beater, this instrument is
performed on both the boss/knob and the face of the gong.
Banog-banog. It is a dance that portrays hunters shielding in their chickens from the
famishing hawk.
BlitB’laan. It is a courtship dance of the Bilaan of Davao del Sur mimicking birds during
mating season. The females scurry to safety, burying their heads under their wings (using the
malong), but the aggressive males follow them wherever they go.
Cañao. It is a ritual-dance performed during native feasts or celebrations in the highlands of the
Cordilleras in the Luzon area of the Philippines. It is a symbol of triumph or expectation for
abundant crops.
Gangsa. It is an indigenous musical instrument of the Bontoc tribes of Kalinga, Ifugao in the
mountain regions (the Cordillera) of the northern Philippines.
Inamong. It is an ethnic dance among Tigwahanon Manobos in the Province of Bukidnon and
performed during their harvest time. This type of dance shows a couple, with their bodies and
arms slightly bent forward, mimicking the movement of a pair of flirting among monkeys.
Kadal Iwas. It is a dance performed by the T-boli and Tausug tribes respectively which mimic a
mealtime of monkeys in removing nits and lice from each other. A variation of this dance is to
mimics a monkey who sits on an anthill by mistake and is attacked by angry ants all over his
body.
Kashawing. It is a ritual among the Maranaos and is performed to ensure a good harvest.
Kinabua. It is ritual dance among the Mandaya tribes in Northern Mindanao. This type of dance
portrays the Hawks’ use of sweet songs to lure out the hen and the chicks that are made into a
meal.
Mamakar. It is a Bontoc War Dance performed during the planting season and a bountiful
harvest. Man-manok. It is a dance performed in Vigan, Ilocos Sur. This type of dance mimics
fowls wherein a tribal blankets that represent the colorful plumage of wild cocks are shown off by
the warriors who intend on winning the attention of the maiden hen.
Mayvanuvanua. It refers to a sacrificial rite performed at the beginning of the summer fishing
season among mataw fishers in Batanes Island. This type of dance is an act of invitation to
capture the fish dorado successfully.
Mumbaki. It is a local term which refers to the “sayer of prayers” among the Ifugaos in Northern
Luzon. These prayers are performed during funerals, wedding, Thanksgiving, and other
celebrations. This is offered to the supreme deity, Maknongan.

Ngilin. It is a cultural dance performed among the Kalinga tribe during Marriage rituals
and other celebrations like the budong (peace pact). This type of dance is played to simulate
the romantic or peaceful interactions of a rooster and a hen.
Pagdiwata. It refers to a ritual performed among the ethnic group in the north and central
Palawan. The ceremony is held on various occasions including bountiful harvests and
weddings.
Pangalay (also known as Sea Gypsies).It is a native dance of the Badjao performed
during weddings and other social gatherings. This type of dance emphasizes the agility of the
upper body wherein the rhythmic bounce of the shoulder with the simultaneous alternating
waving of arms is the essential movement.
Sampak. It is a war dance performed by the Mandaya tribe. This type of dance requires
excellent skill in the handling of a shield, spear, and a sword.
Saut. It is a ritual dance performed by a male Talaanding tribe presenting their expertise in
style and arts in fighting their opponent. This ritual dance is also an offering to their
magbabaya (god).
Talip. It is a courtship dance among the Ifugao. This is performed during the celebration of the
intaneg (wedding). In this dance, the man traps a woman with an attractive blanket to place on
her shapely shoulders.
2. Famous Indigenous Musical Instruments in the Philippines
Aerophones. It refers to any musical instrument which produces sound without the use of strings
or membranes. Examples of these are as follows:
a. Baliing- Nose flutes of the Apayao

b. Bansik - Bamboo flute of the Negrito
c. Kaleleng- a Long bamboo tube of the Bontoc
d. Bulungudyong -Vertical & long flute of the B'laan
e. Kalaleng - Bamboo flute of the Tinggian
f. Lantoy– Nose flute of the Mangyan
g. Palandag (Palendag) – Lip-valley flute of the Bagobo
h. Paldong and Tongali – Lip valley flutes of the Kalinga
i. Pulalo – Lip valley flute of the Mansaka
j. Sahunay - Pipe with reed (clarinet) of the Tausog
Chordophones. It refers to any musical instrument which makes sound by way of trembling
strings stretched between two points. Examples of these are as follows:
a. Faglong – Two-stringed, lute-like instrument of the B'laan

b. Kolitong – Bamboo guitar of the Kalingga
c. Kudlong - Two stringed boat lute of the Bagobo
d. Kudyapi -Two stringed boat lute of the Maranao
e. Kulit-en – Guitar of the Tinggian
f. Pas-ing – Guitar of the Igorot
g. Serongagandi – a Decorated bamboo tube of the Maranao
h. Saludoy –Bamboo guitar of the T’boli

Idiophone. It refers to any musical instrument which produced sound primarily by way of the
instrument's vibrating, without the use of strings or membranes.
a. Afiw –Jaw Harp of the Bontoc

b. Agung - Bossed gong of the Maranao
c. Balingbing – Bamboo buzzer of the Kalingga
d. Bangibang – Percussion bar of the Ifugao
e. Gabbang – Bamboo xylophone of the Tausog
f. Kinaban – Jaw Harp of the Hanunoo
g. Kubing –Jaw Harp of the Ata and Maranao
h. Kulintang - Metal xylophone of the Maranao
i. Kumbing – Jaw Harp of the Manobo
j. Palipal – Bamboo clapper of the Ifugao
k. Tagutok – Decorated bamboo scraper of the Maranao
l. Tanggunggu – Gong chime of the Kalagan, B'laan, Manuvu, Bagobo
m. Tongkaling - Pellet bells or crotal bells of the B’laan
Membranophone. It refers to any musical instrument which produces sound by way of a

vibrating stretched membrane.Most membranophones are drums, such as:
a. Dabakan - Glass shaped drum of the Maranao

b. Gandang – Double headed cylindrical drum of the Maranao
c. Libbit – Conical drum of the Ifugao
d. Sulibao – Conical drum of the Ibaloy
3. Importance of Philippine Artistic Handicrafts
The Philippines is abundant in natural resources that scattered throughout its islands. Filipino
artist used the parts of trees, plants, and other natural resources as the raw materials and turned
them into simple, yet useful tools or instruments. This type of work is called Artistic Handicrafts
(sometimes called artisanry). Although this type of art changes from time to time it is still
imperative to continue and is preserve due to the following reasons:
1. It promotes our cultural legacy through the use of indigenous materials.

2. It shows an individual's creativity and superior ingenuity.
3. It encouraged producers to produce more raw materials.
4. It generates employment.
5. It developed values of perseverance and resiliency.
4. Common Handicraft Materials
Every Filipino family owns handicraft products like baskets, brooms, feather dusters, and other
furniture. Likewise, accessories like earrings, bracelets, necklaces, and other clothing apparel
made from native products such as beads, shells, and seeds. These are clear indications that our
handicraft industry is enjoying the patronage of Filipinos.
Filipino handicraft makers fashion them into accessories, bags, bamboo sofa sets, baskets,
cabinets, clothes, lamp shades, wall décor, and others. The following are the typical materials
needed in the making of Filipino handicrafts:
a. Abaca (Musa Textilis) - It is a tree-like herb resembling the banana plant. It is durable and
dyed in different colors.
b. Bamboo (BambusaSpinosa) - It is for the furniture industry because of its strength and
durability. It is also valuable material for basket and hat making.
c. Buri (CoryphaElata)- It is a palm from which three kinds of fibers, namely buri, raffia, and until,
are taken. It can be dyed merely and woven into many shapes. The buri leaf is the most
flexible material used for making hats, boxes and other novelty items.
d. Caragumoy (Pandanus Simplex) - It is greenish grey as it dries and is used traditionally in
making bags, baskets, hats, and mats.
e. Coconut (CocosNucifera) - It is the most utilized palm in the Philippines. Its cocomidrib is
used primarily as handicraft material for the production of baskets, and brooms (tingting). The
coco shells are used for manufacturing articles such as buttons, coin banks, lamp shades,
pins, and others.
f. Kalas- It is a by-product of the buri palm. Locally, the term "kalas" (which means “to loosen")
refers to the loosened strands of a buri rope. It creates an unusual, rustic pattern with distinct
characteristics from its original material when artistically woven.
g. Leather- It is a material created through the tanning of skins of animals like carabaos, horses,
snakes, alligators, goats, lizards, and others.
h. Pandan-Dagat (PandanusTectorius) - It is a variety of screw pine abundantly distributed along
sandy beaches and coastal brushes in the Philippines.
i. Rattan (Calamus Maximus) - It is the most flexible material used in the manufacturing industry
and been known to extend up to hundreds of meters long.
j. Seagrass (RhynchosporaCorymbosa) – It is a type of grass in shallow salty and brackish
waters. The stems are distinctly triangular, and the leaves are broad and long.
5. Traditional Handiwork in the Philippines
The following are some handicrafts in the different regions of the Philippines:
1. Jewelry (Central Luzon, Southern Luzon, and Mindanao Regions). This handicraft is mostly in
Central Luzon region, mainly from the province of Bulacan. You can also find related of this
from Mindanao regions, but down south, you can even get powerful brass amulets and other
accessories.
2. Metal Craft (Southern Luzon and Mindanao Regions). This type of handicraft is in Southern
Luzon region, particularly in the province of Batangas. A very popular metal craft which is
locally and internationally as an excellent source for a portable knife is called Balisong.
Traditional weapons made from brass, bronze, and gold, are also abundant in the island of
Mindanao.
3. Pots and Jars (Ilocos Region).The pots and jars known as burnay can found explicitly in the
province of Ilocos Sur. These creations are made from Grade A clay through a method that
has been practiced by locals since the pre-colonial times.
4. Woven fabrics (Mindanao Regions). These fabrics are woven traditionally, by interlacing
threads using a manual machine called a loom. One of the common materials in this region is
called malong which is historically used as a skirt and sometimes as a blanket.
5. Wood Carvings (Cordillera and Southern Luzon Regions). Fantastic wood carvings produced
by the Ifugao in the northern region of the Cordilleras. Often, these wood carvings are
depicting their indigenous gods. Excellent kitchenware like wooden bowls and utensils are in
this region.
6. Philippine GAMABA Awards
Gawad sa Manlilikhang Bayan Awards or GAMABA is an award that recognizes folk and
indigenous artists who remain loyal to their traditions. This award is managed by the National
Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) through Gawad ng Bayan Committee. It began as a
project of the Philippine Rotary Club Makati- Ayala but was adopted by the Philippine government
in 1992 and become an institution through a Republic Act 7335.

This award aims to support and motivate these artists to preserve their artistic heritage for the
present and future generations. These artists are recognized as the Country’s Intangible National
Living Treasure.
To become a National Living Treasure, the candidate must have the following qualifications:
1. Must be an occupant of an indigenous/traditional cultural community anywhere in the

Philippines that has preserved native customs, beliefs, rituals, and traditions and has
syncretized whatever external elements that have influenced it.
2. Must have involved in a folk art tradition that has been in existence and documented for at
least 50 years.
3. Must have consistently performed or produced over a significant period, works of superior and
distinctive quality.
4. Must acquire a mastery of tools and materials needed by the art, and must have an
established reputation in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary technical
quality.
5. Must pass on and will pass on to other members of the community their talents in the folk art
for which their group is traditionally known.
GAMABA Awardees and Nominees
1. Ginaw Bilog (1993).A native of Oriental Mindoro who faithfully helps preserved the Hanunuo
Mangyan script and their Ambahan poetry.
2. Masino Intaray (1993).A native of Palawan who exemplary shared his skills in basal or gong
music ensemble. He is a musician and epic chanter (Kulilal and Bagit).
3. Samaon Sulaiman (1993). A Maguindanao of Mama SaPano who showed outstanding artistry
and dedication to his chosen instrument, the Magindanao kutyapi.
4. Lang Dulay (1998). A T'boli of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, for her skills in weaving the abaca
ikat cloth known as t'nalak.
5. Salinta Monon (1998). A Tagabawa-Bagobo of Bansalan, Davao del for fully demonstrating her
creative and expressive aspects of the Bagobo abaca ikat weaving called inabal.
6. Alonzo Saclag (2000). A Kalinga of Lubuagan for his mastery of the Kalinga dance and the
performing arts.
7. Frederico Caballero (2000). A Panay-Bukidnon of Calinog, lloilo for his mastery of chanting the
epic tradition of Central Panay, the Sugidanon.
8. Uwang Ahadas (2000). A Yakan of Lamitan, Basilan for his dexterity in playing Yakan musical
instruments such as the agung, gabbang, tuntungan, and kwintangan.
9. Darhata Sawabi, (2005). A weaver of Parang, Sulu province for helping preserve the art of
“Pissyabit weaving.”
10. Eduardo Mutuc (2005). A Kapampangan from Central Luzon for reviving the metal or
smithcraft of Plateria which is in Spanish colonial era.
11. Haja Amina Appi (2005). A Sama of Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi, for sharing her skills in mat
weaving among the Sama indigenous community.
12. Teofilo Garcia (2012). A casque maker of San Quintin, Abra, Casquefor his skill making
Tabungaw.
13. Magdalena Gamayo (2012). A master weaver of Pinili, Ilocos Norte for his skill in Weaving
known as Inabel.
14. Yabing Masalon Dulo (2016). A master weaver of Polomolok, South Cotabato for his
contribution Ikat Weaving.
15. Ambalang Ausalin (2016). A Yakan master weaver of Lamitan, Basilan for Tennun Weaving
skills.
16. Estelita Tumandan Bantilan (2016). A B’laan master weaver of Malapatan, Sarangani for
preserving the Igem Weaving skills.
17. Whang-od (2017). A traditional tattoo artist (mambabatok) of Buscalan, Tinglayan, Kalinga.
Other famous Filipino Artists and their Artwork
1. Ang Kiuko (Painting: The Crucifixion)

2. Diosdado Lorenzo (Painting: Still Life Paintings)
3. Fernando Cueto Amorsolo (Painting: Portrait of Presidents- M.Quezon; M. Roxas; and S.
Ozmeña)
4. Guillermo Tolentino (Sculpture: Oblation and the Bonifacio Monument)
5. Hernando Ocampo (Painting: The Contrast)
6. Juan Luna (Painting: Spoliarium)
7. Napoleon Abueva (Sculpture: Allegorical Harpoon)
8. Solomon Saprid ( Sculpture: Tikbalang)
9. Victorio Edades (Painting: The Builders)
10. Vicente Rivera (Painting: Supplication)

Essay:
1. How do you describe the Indigenous arts in the Philippines?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What makes Filipino’s arts differs from other arts in the world?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. If you are a Filipino artist, what kind of arts you would like to develop? Why?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. What is GAMABA Awards?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Do you think that “Tattooing” as a form of art should be promoted? Why and why not?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Criteria Score
Depth of 5
reflection
Quality of 5
Information
Structure & 5
Organization
Grammar 5
Count of Words 5
Total 25
VII. ASSIGMENT
Collect pictures of contemporary tattoo art on young people
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Bambang Campus
PROGRAM
Paintings
II. LESSON TITLE

1.Elements of Painting
2.The Color Wheel and its Categories
3. Symbolism and Meaning of Primary Colors
4. Mediums in Painting
5. Classifications of Painting Styles
This lesson provides the students an overview on elements, techniques , and styles of painting
and their subjects.

1.identify the elements of Painting;
2.show the importance of the color wheel;
3.convey an idea about the symbolism and meaning of the colors; and
4.demonstrate knowledge about the mediums in Painting and its characteristics
V. LESSON CONTENT
1. Elements of Painting
Painting is a style of creating an expression by applying colors to a flat surface or any
P
mediums like canvas, clay, glass, paper, walls, leaf, paper, or woods. Abstraction or
composition, drawing, and other aesthetics may serve to manifest the expressive and
conceptual intention of the artists (Mayer, 1970).It is an unspoken and mostly
unrecognized dialogue, where paint speaks silently in masses and colors,and the
artist responds in moods. Paint records the most delicate gesture. It tells whether the
painter sat or stood or crouched in front of the canvas (Elkins, 1998). It loaded with narrative
content, symbolism, or emotion.
A beautiful painting is not made by photographic likeness, but rather by good
composition. For the artist, the harmony in his/her artwork will depend on the selection of
appropriate devices, peculiar to the medium and the use of certain principles to relate them. A
unique style emerges when an artist recognizes his or her personal preference of dominant
design elements and consciously or unconsciously emphasizes these dominant elements
(Ocvirk et al., 2008; Gatto, 2000). The significant aspects of the painting are the line, color,
texture, perspective, shapes, and symbols (Nohay, 2018).
Line. It is the simplest element in the painting. It has a continuous marking made by a moving
point to outlines shape and can contour areas within those outlines. It can suggest movement
(vertical, horizontal, diagonal, and curved). Each line has its meaning: vertical line stress action,

strength, dynamism; horizontal lines means serenity, calmness, stability; diagonal line express
tension, movement; curved lines appear softness, flexibility, gentleness.
Color. The Artists used colors to convey feelings and moods within their painting. It is the result
of wavelengths of lights reflecting of objects. It is composed of three distinct qualities such as the
hue, saturation, and value. Hue is merely the name of the color. Red, yellow, and the blue are
the primary color. Their mixture that produces the secondary colors are green, orange, and
purple.
Texture. It is a component of two-sided and three-sided designs and distinguished by its

perceived visual and physical properties. It is used to describe the way a three-dimensional work
feels when touched. In two-dimensional models, such as painting, it may refer to the visual "feel"
of a piece (Isaac, 2017).
Perspective. It is an art technique for creating an illusion of three-dimension with depth and
space. Its real goal is creating a viewpoint for the audiences that will best communicate the
subject and serve its particular
message.
Perspective is the same as

“viewpoint” and “position.”
It is what makes a painting
seem to have form, distance, and look "real" (Evans, 2002). It is projected according to its levels
namely: foreground, middle ground, and background.
The foreground is the visual plane that appears closer to the viewers. On the
other hand, the middle ground is the part between the foreground and the part
of which is which is called the background. The foreground of a composition is
the illustrative plane that appears closest to the viewer, while the background is
the plane in a composition perceived farthest from the viewers. The middle
ground is the illustrative plane between the foreground and the background.
The scale of these elements often associates to the dominance in a picture.
The foreground is frequently the most dominant due to the larger perceived size of the picture
objects.
Shapes. It is an element in painting that helps express ideas. It helps to interact, and
independently evoke agitation, purposeful energy, direction, etc.They maybe circles, rectangles,
ovals, or square. It is an area with defined boundary created by a variety of color, value or texture
of the areas adjacent to it.
Symbols. The Artists often include symbolic objects in their

paintings that have a special meaning or a special message.
It is used to express ideas such as death, hope, life, etc.
2. The Color Wheel and its Categories
Colors play a fundamental role in our lives and how we respond to

our environment. It is the visual perceptual property
corresponding in humans to the categories called blue, green, red,
and others. It has two main types, warm and cool colors.
Significantly, a color wheel (also known as a color circle) is a visual representation of color
arranged based to their chromatic relationship. It is a circle shape that is divided evenly into 12
segments which display different color according to its pigment value. It also shows the

relationship between the primary colors, secondary colors, and complementary colors.Other
colors can also be categorized based on the following:
Complementary Colors. These colors sit contrary to each other on the color wheel. Because
they are opposites, they tend to look lively when used together. When you put complementary
colors together, each color seems more noticeable. Examples of these colors are red and green.
Analogous Colors. These colors sit next to each other on the color wheel. They tend to look
pleasant together because they are closely related. Orange, yellow-orange, and yellow are an
example of analogous colors.
Neutral Colors. They are sometimes called “earth tones.” These colors don’t usually show up on
the color wheel. Neutral colors include black, white, gray, and occasionally brown and beige.
Warm Colors. These colors are made with orange, red, yellow or some combination of these.
Colors of the sunset give a feeling of brightness and heat.
Cool Colors. These colors are made with blue, green, purple or some combination of these.
These colors make you think of cool and peaceful things, like winter skies and still ponds.
3. Symbolism and Meaning of Primary Colors
Colors can affect our actions and emotions and on how we respond to various people, things,
and ideas. Much has been studied and written about color and its impact on our daily lives.
Red Color. This is noted as the warmest of all types of colors. It is most chosen by extroverts
and one of the top choices among males. It is a color which is associated with fiery heat and
warmth and has strong symbolism about life and vitality. It is also essential to human life
because:
a. It increases enthusiasm and interest.

b. It gives more energy.
c. It reinforces action and confidence.
d. It protects us from fears and anxieties.
Blue Color. This is known as the calmest color like that of the sky and ocean. It is the color of
inspiration, sincerity, and spirituality and often the chosen color by conservative people. This
color is important to human life because:
a. It is a sign of calmness and relaxation.

b. It opens the flow of communication.
c. It broadens our perspective in learning new information.
d. It implies solitude and peace.
Yellow Color. This is considered as the easiest color to recognize. It is symbol creativity and
intellectual vitality. It also symbolizes wisdom, happiness and brings awareness and clarity.
The yellow color is vital to human life because:
a. It helps us in making decisions.

b. It relieves us from burnout, panic, nervousness, exhaustion.
c. It sharpens our memory and concentration skills.
d. It protects us from depression.
4. Mediums in Painting

There are different mediums in paintings used today. It helps to describe the elements that bind
the colors in the paint (Martin, 2004). The following are examples of the methods used in
painting:
1. Oil- It is the type of slow-drying paint that consists of particles of pigment suspended in drying
oils such as linseed oil, poppy seed oil, safflower oil and walnut oil.
2. Pastel- It is an art medium in the shape of a stick or crayons. It consists of pure powdered
color and a binder. Dry pastel can be classified as soft pastels, pan pastels, hard pastels, and
pastel pencils.
3. Acrylic- It is fast drying paint containing pigment suspension in acrylic polymer emulsion which
becomes water-resistant when dry.
4. Watercolor- It is the medium which the paints are made of colors suspended in a water-soluble
vehicle. It is usually transparent and appears luminous because the pigments are laid down in
a relatively pure form with few types of filler obscuring the pigment colors.
5. Ink- It is a liquid that contains colors and dyes and is applied to a surface to produce an image,
text, or design. It is for drawing with a brush, or pen.
6. Encaustic- It is heated beeswax to which colored stains are added. The paste is then applied
to a wood-based canvas.
7. Fresco- It refers to any of several related mural painting types, executed on walls, ceilings or
any other kind of flat surface. The term fresco comes from the Italian word “affresco” which
means “fresh.”
8. Gouache- It is a water-based paint consisting of pigment and other materials designed to be
used in an opaque painting technique.
9. Enamel- It is a paint that air dries to a durable, usually glossy and solid finish. It is used for
outdoor coating surfaces or otherwise subject to variations in temperature.
10. Spray paint- It is the type of paint that comes in a sealed pressurized battle and released in a
fine spray.
11. Tempera- It is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigment mixed
with a water-soluble binder method.
5. Classifications of Painting Styles
Part of the desire in painting particularly in the 21st century is the variety of available art styles.
The style in painting is in two senses: it can refer to the distinctive visual elements, techniques,
and methods that characterized one’s artwork, and can refer to the movement or school that
associated to the artists. Such classifications include the following styles:
a. Western Styles
Abstraction. It is an art in painting which does not attempt to represent an accurate depiction of
a visual reality but instead use colors, shapes, forms and gestural marks to achieve its effect. It
may be formed by reducing the observable phenomenon, typically to retain only information
which is relevant for a particular purpose.
Expressionism. It is sometimes called emotional realism. In this style, the artists sought to
express meaning or emotional experience rather than physical truth.
Baroque. It is characterized by dynamism (a sense of motion), which is augmented by

extravagant effects (e.g., sharp curves, rich decoration). Among the most significant Baroque
painters areCaravaggio, Rembrandt, Rubens, Velazquez, Poussin, and Vermeer.
Impressionism. It is a type of art presenting the real-life subject with emphasis on the
impression left in the artist’s perception, particularly the effect of light on the object used as a
subject.

Modernism. It is characterized by a cautious rejection of the styles of the past and emphasizing
innovation and experimentation of materials and techniques instead to create better artworks.
b. Modern Styles
Realism. It is a style of painting practiced before the invention of the camera, where artists
depicted landscapes and humans with as much attention to detail and precision as possible. The
artist’s primary goal is to describe accurately and truthfully as possible what is observed.
Symbolism. It is an art that represents the subject symbolically. For instance, the “Spolarium”
painting of Juan Luna depicts the suffering of the Filipino people from the hands of the
Spaniards. Many works of art included by some writers who cover the Symbolist era were
produced in the middle of the century, or even before.
Fauvism. It refers to art that used brilliant primary colors or color illumination on subjects like
pictures to emphasize comfort, joy, and leisure. It comes from the French word fauves, meaning
“wild beasts” (this name refers to a small group of painters in Paris who exhibited works notable
for the bold and expressive use of pure color).
Cubism. It is a form of abstraction wherein the object is first reduced to cubes and then flattened
into two-dimensional shapes. It has been considered the most influential and powerful art
movement during the 20th century in Paris established by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso.
Surrealism. It is a type of art wherein the artist creates dreamlike paintings that filled with
mysterious objects. It is the opposite of abstraction that attempts to portray the conscious mind
through unconventional means.
VI. Learning Activities
1.Characterization Matrix:
Category Characteristics
Complementary Colors.
Analogous Colors
Neutral Colors.
Warm colors
Cool colors
Answer key
2.
Mediums Characteristics
3. Painting
Paint or draw/paint any objects in an illustration board (1/4), using different mediums and
colors and adapting different styles of painting. Explain the significance and meaning of your
drawing/painting using the rubrics below.
Criteria Score
Composition of objects in the 5
painting
Use of colors 5
Interpretation of styles 5
Relevance/theme 5
creativity 5
total 25
VIII. Assignment
Edit your own personal photo in your cellphone and sent it via messenger chat.
Criteria Score
Uniqueness 5
Use of colors 5
styles 5
Relevance to your personality 5
Creativity 5
Total 25
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Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Arts and Sciences

DEGREE BSIT-COS, BSME 1B, COURSE NO. GEARTS

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE

II. LESSON TITLE

III. LESSON OVERVIEW

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. trace the history of humanities and art;

1. Origin and Meaning of Humanities

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 1 of __

3. Art is a product of man's need to express himself - F. Zulueta

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 2 of __

4. Creativity and Imagination

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 3 of __

Art appreciation is also important to others for the following reasons:

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 4 of __

VII. ASSIGNMENT: Answer it briefly and concisely. (15 points)

and developed with fully developed. compliance.

____ 7. As a field of study, the humanities emphasize analysis and ____________.

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 6 of __

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 7 of __

College of Arts and Sciences

DEGREE COURSE NO. GEARTS

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE

Understanding Humanities and Art Appreciation

II. LESSON TITLE

Basic Assumptions, Nature and Functions of Arts

III. LESSON OVERVIEW

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. clarify misconception about art; and

3.6 Educational function

1. Basic Assumptions of Arts

1.2 Art is cultural

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 9 of __

Bayanihan by Carlos “Botong” Francisco

1.5 Art as an expression

1.6 As a form of creativity

2.1 Art is a diverse range of human activities

2.2 Art represents reality

Planting Rice by Fernando Amorsolo

2.3 Art is an expression

2.4 Art serves as means of communication of emotions

2.5 Art matters

2.6 Art is universal

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2.7 Art is creation

3.1 Aesthetic function

2.2 Utilitarian function

2.3 Cultural function

2.4 Social function

2.5 Political function

2.6 Educational function

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2.7 Spiritual function

Crucifixion by National Artist

The Peacock Chair was designed specifically

Non-Functional arts - These are arts that have

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7. As a field of study, the humanities emphasize analysis and ________.