Hydraulic System for

Backhoe Loaders

2017/10/23 – 10/27
Medellin, Colombia
Machine Overview

1
Operator Room Mechanical Control

2
Switches

Safety(loader)
Parking brake

3
Switches on Control Levers Pilot Control

4
Switches on Control Levers Mechanical Control

5
Overview of Backhoe Loader Common with H930S/H940S

Weight

Engine

Bucket

6
Hydraulic Schematic

* Priority valve is one body with main pump

* Pilot supply unit : 5 or 6 or 3 solenoid valves
Actuator
Pattern
Breaker Changer

RCVs,
Actuator Excavator

Ext. Lever

Steering
Valve Clam Sol.

RCV,
Loader Option

E/G
Gear Pumps

7
Hydraulic Circuit, Pilot Control H940C

8
Hydraulic Circuit, Manual Control H940S

27 : Solenoid, Quick Coupler

28 : Quick Coupler Cylinder
29 : Clamp Cylinders

Hydraulic by T/M Pump

29 & 30 : Boom Locking
31 : Parking Brake
Differential Lock(opt)

9
Hydraulic for Loader H940C

* P1 pump oil
* P2 pump oil at steering neutral
* P2 pump oil to pilot system
* 2 spool MCV as standard
* 3 spool MCV as option

* 1 Joystick for pilot control option

* Pilot supply unit for pilot control option

to backhoe RCVs

Extension Clam
Arm

Pilot Supply Unit,

5 Solenoids for backhoe + clam

10
Pilot Piping for Loader

to backhoe RCVs
6 Solenoid Valve

Clam control

Extension Clam
Arm

Pilot Supply Unit,

5 Solenoids for backhoe + clam

11
Mechanical Control Loader

Fully Mechanical Optional Pilot for Clam only

Boom/Bucket

Clam Control

Pilot Supply Unit

12
 Hydraulic for Excavator H940S

- Oil comes through loader MCV

- 6 or 7 spools in MCV
- 3 joysticks for pilot control option
- Pattern change valve as option
Pilot for Backhoe + Clam - Clamp valve for H930S/H940S

Extension Clam
Arm

13
Mechanical Levers & Pedal Backhoe

4 levers and 1 pedal

Boom Swing - 2 for attachments and swing
Dipper - 2 for stabilizer
- 1 pedal for extension arm
Stabilizer, LH
Stabilizer, RH
Boom Extension Arm

Bucket

14
Main Components
MCV- Loader
Main pump Pattern Changer
Steering unit Dipper Extension
Cylinder Cylinder

Bucket
Cylinder

Engine

Stabilizer
Pilot supply unit Cylinder

T/Mission

MCV- Backhoe

15
 Main Components
1. Main pump H940C/S H930C/S

35 cc/rev 31 cc/rev

31 cc/rev 31 cc/rev

77 ℓ/min
/min 68 ℓ/min
/min

68 ℓ/min
/min 68 ℓ/min
/min

2. Main control valve for loader

/ Hydraulic pilot control

3. Main control valve for backhoe

/ Manual control

16
Main Components
4. Steering unit

5. Pilot supply unit, Option

6. Accumulator, Option

17
Main Components
7. Remote control valve, Option

8. Line filter

9. Double pilot check valve for stabilizer

18
Hydraulic Tank

Air breather Return Filter

- Tank Capacity : 60 ℓ
- Air Breather : 0.5 bar

- Return Filter : 10um, 160 ℓ/min

Bypass set pressure : 1.36 bar
- Suction Strainer : 150 mesh, 200 ℓ/min

Air breather

From
cooler
Return
filter
From Pilot Lines
To main & Steering Valve
pump

19
 Main Pump

P1 CF EF
Suction Priority valve

LS
Rotation

Discharge

DESCRIPTION UNIT SPEC

Displacement cc / rev 35+31, 31+31

Max Pressure bar 250

Rated Speed rpm 2200

Max Temperature ℃ 110

Weight kg 30kg

20
Steering System
L
2WD : 175 bar, 235 bar
A
4WD : 210 bar, 265 bar
B

C
C

A LS line
R
L B
R R L

4 Wheel Drive
2 Wheel Drive

21
MCV for Loader Early Machines

CL BK BM

B: Unloading relief valve A: Main relief valve

Low speed
B A solenoid

Low speed
solenoid
Main relief : 250 bar
2 port reliefs for bucket
- dump : 175 bar
- rollback : 300 bar

22
MCV for Loader Current Machines

No low speed solenoid No switch

Low speed
valve

23
Boom Down, Loader H940S

24
Boom Floating, Loader H940S

25
Loader Bucket Operation

175 bar

Backhoe
MCV 300 bar

Steering Roll back Dump

unit
Return to
dig switch
Proximate
switch

26
 Clam Operation

Pilot Check
Valve

MCV

(Clam bucket)

Clam Clam Switch

Cylinder

Clam closed Clam open

27
Low Speed Control

MCV
(Backhoe)

220bar 250bar

Priority valve Tank

P2 P1

28
Low Speed Control
Compensator(30lpm)

P2

When backhoe is not working,

(1) Pilot relief valve opens due to pressure difference between both sides of the compensator
(∆P=8~10bar)
(2) Then, only 30lpm flows to Backhoe MCV through compensator.
(3) The rest of pump oil returns to Tank.
Overall power saving 8~10%
29
MCV, Loader

30
Ride Control System
Ride control solenoid
Accumulator
Switch OFF Switch ON

EV2 EV1

Ride Control Valve

1.5L capacity
Precharged 30bar
Max. 350 bar working

31
 MCV for Backhoe

Pilot type (H930S/H940S) T

Extension
Bucket
Boom
Stab RH
Stab LH
Clamp sol Dipper
P1 Swing

Swing Dipper Stabilizer LH Stabilizer RH Boom Bucket Extension (opt)

32
MCV for Backhoe Later Machines

33
Boom Up, Backhoe

UP

DOWN

A B

34
Boom Holding Valve Later Machines

■ Boom in Neutral ■ Boom Down

Boom Holding Valve

35
Boom Lock Mechanism

Early Machines Later Machines

Boom
Locking
Cylinder

Valve

36
Boom Lock Mechanism Later Machines

Brake v/v
Boom locking
cylinder

Boom
locking v/v

Transmission system pressure is used

Hydraulic release, Spring applied

37
Extension Dipper

A B

(LH RCV)

A B
(Pilot supply unit)

P1
(MCV) 6 solenoids

38
Clamping of Swing Post Carriage H940S

Clamp control valve assembly

39
 Breaker Valve H940S ~#509
Solenoid
Relief valve
valve
P1 Breaker

Breaker S/W P1
MCV-Loader Tank
1

Breaker S/W on

3 2

(RH) Backhoe RCV

4 2 3
1

#510 ~

40
Pattern Changer

Dipper Boom Pattern Boom Dipper

Out Down Selector Switch Down Out

Dipper Boom Boom Dipper

IN UP UP IN

RCV LH RCV RH RCV LH RCV RH

ISO SAE
RH RCV : forward

Dipper
out Boom
down

41
Pilot Supply Unit
Safety switch
(backhoe)

To : Stabilizer RCV,
RCV-Backhoe (RH/LH)

30bar
P

ACC

To: Loader RCV

P1

Safety switch
(loader)

42
 Brake System
* Service & Parking Brakes at rear axle
* Parking Brake & Differential Lock by T/M oil
* Non Booster or Booster type for Service Brake

Non Booster Type

Master Cylinder

Parking Brake
Differential Lock
Service Brake

43
Non Booster Type

From Reservoir

To Brakes

M Line connects both cylinders to equalize

brake pressure of LH and RH sides

44
Brake System

Booster Type

Transmission oil is supplied to

master cylinders for easier brake
operation

45
 Booster Type

to/from
Brakes

to/from
Reservoir

From
T/M

Return
to T/M

46