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09-Python Function - User Defined

Here are the answers to your practice questions: 1. We should code functions to organize our code into reusable blocks of code, avoid duplicating code, and make our code more readable and maintainable. 2. Python creates a function when it executes the def statement that defines the function. 3. If a function has no return statement, it returns None implicitly.

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Rizuan Nul
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38 views

09-Python Function - User Defined

Here are the answers to your practice questions: 1. We should code functions to organize our code into reusable blocks of code, avoid duplicating code, and make our code more readable and maintainable. 2. Python creates a function when it executes the def statement that defines the function. 3. If a function has no return statement, it returns None implicitly.

Uploaded by

Rizuan Nul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions – User defined

Dr Nurbiha A Shukor

SEKOLAH PENDIDIKAN,
FAKULTI SAINS SOSIAL DAN KEMUANUSIAAN, UTM 2020
Introduction
 As you already know, Python gives you many built-in
functions like print() , input() , float (), etc. but you can also
create your own functions.
 These functions are called user-defined functions.
Example
print (‘Hi’)
def lyric ():
print(‘You are my fire’)
print (‘The one desire’)
print (‘Believe when I say’)

lyric ()
print(‘Done’)
Function-related statements and expressions

Statement or Examples
expressions
Call myfunc(‘basket’, meat=chicken, *rest)
expressions
def def printer(message):
print(‘Hello’ + message)
return def tambah(a, b=1, *c):
return a+b+c[0]
Defining a Function
Here are simple rules to define a function in Python:

 Function blocks begin with the keyword def followed by the


function name and parentheses ( ).
 Any input parameters or arguments should be placed within
these parentheses. You can also define parameters inside
these parentheses.
 The code block within every function starts with a colon (:)
and is indented.
Defining a Function
 Python keyword/reserved words cannot be used as function
name
 Programmer or user can define function by using def function
name
 Then follow by parameter in the parenthesis ()
 Function can be defined with and without arguments or
parameter

 Syntax:
def functionname(parameters/arguments):
function_statements
return [expression]
Defining a Function

def function_name():
statement (must be indented)

name of the function


def hello ():  we define the function as hello
print ("Hello, World!")  statement in the body of hello function
Calling a Function
 Following is the example to call lyric() function:
name of the function
def lyric():
print (‘You are my fire’)
print (‘The one desire’)
Statements in function lyric()

print(‘How are you? Let us look at some lyrics’) 1 Will be executed first by Python

lyric() 2 Will be executed next, calling the function lyric()

 Output
How are you? Let us look at some lyrics
You are my fire
The one desire
Function without argument/parameter

def function_name (): No parameter in parenthesis

def UTM_slogan ():


print("I am UTM")
print("I Love UTM")
print("UTM My Home")

UTM_slogan () # call the function


Function with argument/parameter

def function_name (parameter1@argument1,


parameter2@argument2):

def kira_purata (x, y): #define function


average = (x+y)/2
print(‘Average is:’, average) #pass the parameter

kira_purata (100, 12) #call the function

Output:
Purata 100 dan 12 adalah 56
Using ‘Return’
 Often a function will take its’ arguments, do some
computation, and return the value of the function call in the
calling expressions.
 The ‘Return’ keyword is used for this purpose
 Return statement is used to ends the function execution and
’sends back’ the result of the function.
Return Statements
 The statement return [expression] exits a function, optionally
passing back an expression/values to the caller.
 A return statement with no arguments/no value is the same
as return None.
 For example, if a function was built to calculate the area of a
rectangle such as the following:
Values in parenthesis can be replaced
with any other values when later being
def area(w,l): called.
return w*l
Calling the function times() with parameter

print(area(10,4))
Function with passing parameter
def greet (lang):
if lang==‘malay’:
return ‘Hai’
elif lang==‘es’:
return ‘Hola’
else:
return ‘Hello’
print (greet(‘malay’), ‘Siti’)
Parameter in Order

def add_numbers(x, y, z): # the process of


defining the
a1 = x + y #state the statement function and
parameter / argu
a2 = x + z ment
a3 = y + z
print(a1, a2, a3)

add_numbers (30, 100, 4) # pass the value into


the parameter Order
x = 30
y = 100
z=4
Call function with Parameter

print (a1, a2, a3)


Instruction to call
the function

add_numbers (30, 100, 4)

pass the value


into the function
(x, y and z)
Parameter using Keyword Argument

By using keyword argument, the parameter can


be called using its name instead of order.

def login_info (userID, katalaluan):


print (“Username: “ + userID)
print (“Password: “ + katalaluan)

login_info (”Siti”, “12345”)


login_info (katalaluan = “12345”, userID = “Siti”)
Parameter using Keyword Argument

By using keyword argument, the parameter can


be called using its name instead of order.

login_info (”Alpha”, “deltaecho”) # call by order


login_info (katalaluan = “zuluquebec”, userID =
“Beta”) # call by name
Using Loop in function

def contoh_loop (): define the


for x in range (0,10): function
print (x)
if x == 9:
We want it
return to stop at 9
print ("This is the last line")

contoh_loop()
Call function
Using if-else in function
def names(): # Define function names()
name = str(input('Enter your name: ‘)) # Set up name variable with
input
# Check whether name has a vowel
if set('aeiou').intersection(name.lower()):
print('Your name contains a vowel.')
else:
print('Your name does not contain a vowel.')
# Iterate over name
for letter in name:
print(letter)

names() # Call the function


Practice
 Why should we code functions?
 When/At what time Python creates a function?
 What does a function return if it has no return statement in
it?

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