UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA (UKM)

KIMIA KOSMETIK DAN PENJAGAAN DIRI

TAJUK : IVORY BLISS SCENTED BODY POWDER

NAMA: NG JIA QIAN

PENSYARAH : DR ROZIDA BINTI MOHD KHALID

1.1 Fragrance Products

Fragrance Products are products that enhance the fragrance of the body in a desirable manner.
Fragrances are among the oldest cosmetic products and represent an art form that combines fragrance
ingredients with the natural properties of the individual.

Dusting Powders and Body Powders are powders, such as talcum powder or corn starch, applied to the body
to help absorb oils and moisture and to impart fragrance. Dusting Powders and Body Powders contain
ingredients that help to absorb moisture and to smooth the skin. The safety of Dusting Powders and Body
Powders is established by selection of ingredients that are safe and suitable for this purpose. In addition,
Dusting Powders and Body Powders are assessed for their potential to cause skin or eye irritation or cause
allergic reactions. Product safety is also ensured though strict adherence to the principles of Quality
Assurance and Good Manufacturing Practices. This includes testing the compatibility of the product with
packaging as well as shelf-life stability. Finally, the safety of products is monitored in the market-place
through reports of consumer comments and complaints. Companies include a phone number on their products
where comments or complaints may be reported.

1.2 Formulating Body Powder

Generally body powders are made of combinations of vegetable starches, clays and/or talc. The word
"talc" has come to mean a "body powder" but it is actually a mineral and there have been some warnings
against it due to negative effects of inhalation of the products.

Some of the starches that can be used in a body powder are cornstarch, arrowroot powder, tapioca
starch, rice starch, and/or kaolin (china) clay. Potatoe starch was a traditional ingredient in face powders in
the 19th century and pea, kudzu, bean and other starches are also available. Each different starch has a
slightly different color, feel, "slip" and absorption rate. The key to a good body powder formulation is to
blend the starches to create the look and feel that you are looking for in your product.

In researching the types of starches available and their qualities, I've discovered that there are many
different forms of some starches. For example, depending on how it's processed, "Tapioca Starch" can be
made to dissolve in water or not dissolve in water... and it's still called "tapioca starch". That's important to
know when you're formulating!
2.0 LITERATURE STUDY

For Ivory Bliss Scented Body Powder ,there are various of type and different range there
are a few ingredients which need to avoid.
2.1 Formulations in market
There were a lot of questionable ingredients in this brand's body powders, (and worryingly they promoted
dusting one of them onto your private parts for silky encounters!).

• Coumarin is rated a 7 out of 10 (10 being most toxic) by the Environmental Working Group (EWG).
They report coumarin as being an immune system toxicant and a known allergen. Coumarin can by
naturally-occuring or synthetically-created as a fragrance additive. The European Union has
restrictions on its use in cosmetics but North America does not.

• Talc is a ground mineral that was the basis for most dusting and baby powders for many years. Then
we found out that talc is sometimes contaminated with asbestos fibers which are linked to lung cancer
and other respiratory illnesses. Not great for a product that is a fine particulate and easily inhaled
during normal application. You may have read about the court case in the US where a woman's family
successfully sued Johnson and Johnson for their contaminated baby powder. The family argued that
their mother's use of baby powder in her genital area led to her death from ovarian cancer. The courts
agreed and Johnson and Johnson was ordered to pay $72 million in damages. There is now a class
action lawsuit with over 1,200 women suing the company for their use of a known harmful ingredient
in their formulations.

• Fragrance or parfum is another common ingredient added to dusting powders. According to David
Suzuki, fragrance can refer to thousands of potential ingredients, including skin irritants, hormone
disruptors and carcinogens
Formulation in market

1. Face Powders:

These powders have the ability to complement the skin colour by providing velvety finish to it.

Properties:

• It should impart smooth finish to the skin.

• It should mask minor imperfections (which are visible) on the skin.

• It should eliminate shine present on the skin due to moisture or great.

• It should have long lasting property to avoid frequent application.

• It should be resistant to the secretions of the skin i.e., sebaceous and perspiration.

• It should serve as a vehicle to perfumes so that the particles of perfumes may spread easily.

A single substance is unable to impart all the characters i.e., covering power. Slip character absorbent
capacity, adhesive property. Hence, mixture of substances is used in the formulation of powders to impart
desired properties to the skin.

(i) Large amount of talc will be present in the formulation of powders.

Method: It is a dry mixing method.

Perfume is added to some part of calcium carbonate, which is absorbent and mixed thoroughly. This
preparation is kept aside for some time. This is mixture A.

Color is add added to some part-of talc and mixed thoroughly. This is mixture B. Then kaolin, zinc oxide,
zinc stearate, magnesium carbonate and remaining part of calcium carbonate and talc are added to mixture B
and mixed properly. Mixture A is added to the above mixture and mixing is carried out. Finally, the
preparation is sieved by using either a silk mesh or nylon cloth.
Formula Quantity for 100 g

Talc (Slip Character) 63 g

Kaolin (Covering Materials) 20 g

Calcium Carbonate (Absorbent) 5g

Zinc Oxide (Covering Materials) 5g

Zinc Stearate (Slip Character) 5g

Magnesium Carbonate (Absorbent) 1 g

Color 0.5 g

Perfume (Odour) 0.5 g

3. DIY Natural Powder Ingredients

1. Kaolin clay is a wonderful ingredient to add to homemade dusting and baby powders. It's a fine, soft
powder that is gentle enough for even the most sensitive skin. Kaolin clay is naturally absorbent,
helping to prevent chafing and rashes. Unlike stronger clays, Kaolin does not pull oil away from the
skin, so it won't cause dryness. You can also use this clay for making facial masks, scrubs, deodorants
and soaps. You can find kaolin clay sold at most health food stores and several online retailers sell it.

2. Starch powder is made from the starch of the root of a plant. It's a fine powder that is a fantastic base
for dusting and baby powders as it will absorb extra moisture. Arrowroot is often used as a substitute
for corn starch for thickening sauces, so you may find this ingredient in a health food store, grocery
store or bulk store.

3. Essential oils are a lovely, natural way to add scent. By adding orchid and jasmine essential oils to
my summer dusting powders as their scents create a cooling and calming sensation.
 4. METODOLOGY

Step 1:
Sprinkle onto dry skin and spread with your palms or using a puff.

Step 2:
Pay close attention to underarms, thighs and lower neck/back area prone to sweat and heat rashes.

Before applying the powder, make sure the application area is patted dry.

Formulation:
Kaolinite - 1 tablespoon
Oryza sativa (rice) powder – 4 tablespoons
Orkid flower extract - 1 tablespoon
Pelargonium graveolens (geranium) oil -3 drops
Jasminum sambac(jasmine) oil*,
Cananga odorata (ylang ylang) oil*,
Santalum spicatum (sandalwood) oil -1 teaspoon
 Main Ingredient in Ivory Bliss Scented Body Powder

(a) Limonene (Lemon)

2-ylcyclohexene

Physical properties : Colorless liquid.

Miscible with alcohol

(b) Rice Starch (Glycerin)

Physical properties : Clear, colorless, sweet-

Ivory Bliss Scented Body Powder

1. Mix 1 part kaolin clay to 2 parts STARCH powder.

2. Add essential oils of orange and lemon. For each cup worth of powder, add approximately 15 drops
of essential oils.

3. The essential oils will form droplets, simply stir them into the powder and their scent will diffuse
throughout.
4. Spoon or use a funnel (I just roll up a piece of paper and make a funnel shape) to fill your containers.
Extra powder can be stored in a sealed glass jar or sealed bag.
 1. Dusting powders can be used to freshen up after you've gotten hot and sticky. They'll absorb
sweat leaving your skin smooth and 'un-shiny' and if you're adding essential oils leave you smelling
a little fresher!

Discussion:

DIY formulation is better due to it’s natural aromatic chemical compound than commercial formula in the
market which have synthetic organic compounds and is harmful to our skin if using it u keep using it for a
long time.
 REFERENCES

Leslie Baumann, MD, Cosmetic Dermatology, 2nd edition, Glycolic acid, 148o

Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2010; 3: 135–142., Applications of hydroxy acids: classification,
mechanisms, and photoactivity

National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Nicotinamide, CID=936,

National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. alpha-Arbutin, CID=158637,

National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Salicylic acid, CID=338,
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/338 (accessed on July 9, 2020)