Gold Experience b2 2nd Edition Answers

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Gold Experience B2 2nd edition answers
Sistemas de Salud y Servicios Sociales Públicos (Universitat Politecnica de Valencia)
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STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 2ND EDITION B2
UNIT 1 WAKE UP YOUR SENSES!

6 Possible answer
Tom describes the experience as being an ‘eye opener’ because it
1 Possible answers
has made him realise that some things that he thought weren’t
1 The activity in the photo shows someone with a backpack,
‘typically him’ were really enjoyable. It has made him realise how
and it looks like she’s been camping in the wild.
you shouldn’t pigeonhole yourself or others, and that you should
1 I think she feels relaxed and free in the countryside. She
be more open-minded about trying new things.
seems to be enjoying the open space and fresh air.
2 I would enjoy wild camping because I like being in the fresh 7 Possible answers
air. I have done a lot of camping and think it’s fun to cook 1 I like to set myself challenges, because I think it’s important to
and live outdoors. It’s also good not to rely on technology have goals.
for a while. 2 Trying a new sport, like surfing or mountain climbing would
3 I think for some people they may not like the dark at night make me feel a bit uncomfortable, because I’ve never done
and they may not know how to light a fire. I don’t like not anything like that before, and I think they might be dangerous.
having hot water to wash myself every day, but it’s OK if 3 I tried riding a motorbike recently. I thought it would be easy,
you only camp for a few days. because I know how to ride a bike. But it was completely
different, and I realised it will take me a long time before I can
2 Possible answers
ride one properly.
1 I think both activities suit people who enjoy being active and
outdoors.
2 I like the idea of the zip wire because I have never done it
1 1E 2F
before. I am not scared of heights and I like sporty activities,
so I think I would enjoy it. 2 1 ’ve (have) seen 2 ’s (has) been teaching
3 I think the camping is more challenging because it lasts 3 Speaker 1: D
overnight and you have to live in the wild. It can be tough Speaker 2: A
camping in the wild when the weather is bad and you get very Speaker 3: B
wet and cold. Speaker 4: C
3 1 E She had a point as we never sign up for anything new. 4 1 ’ve sold, ’re moving 2 ’re embarking 3 know
She refers to Sophia who is the person who makes the 4 depends, don’t 5 don’t do
comment that comes directly before the space. Then, we 5 1 Have, had 2 ’s 3 is sending 4 doesn’t feel 5 Has, said
refers to the three friends. The fact that they never sign up 6 call/have called 7 have 8 have been trying 9 has found
for anything new follows on from the idea that they are 10 don’t spend
always moaning about having a dull life. 6 Possible answer
4 2 G ‘It hasn’t actually been that difficult’ refers to what is We often have a gut feeling when something is wrong, or
expressed in the previous sentence: ‘We each come up with something bad might happen. I think it’s best to follow these
an activity we enjoy, but that the other two friends haven’t feelings. For example, if you meet someone, and you don’t trust
tried before.’ ‘We’ and ‘close friends’ in G refer to ‘we’ in the him, then you should trust your instincts instead, even if he’s
previous sentence. very well-dressed or polite.
3 B ‘Rob doesn’t actually get the part’ refers back to the
audition challenge set by Sophia, described earlier in this
paragraph; ‘at least he’s brave enough to go through with 1 1 relieved 2 offended 3 sympathetic 4 petrified
it’ compares Rob’s bravery in having a go at the difficult 5 determined 6 tense
challenge with the narrator’s own reaction which was not
2 1 determined 2 tense 3 petrified 4 thrilled 5 moved
at all brave, described in the previous three sentences – ‘it’s
6 sympathetic 7 relieved 8 offended
too overwhelming. I leg it … I’ve fallen at the first hurdle.’
4 F ‘it’s not an idea with huge appeal’ refers to wild camping, as 3 anxious – tense
described in the previous sentence: ‘not pitching your tent delighted – thrilled
anywhere near a toilet or hot shower’. The writer wouldn’t insulted – offended
like having no toilet or hot shower as he is someone who strong-willed – determined
‘loves his creature comforts’. The following sentence in the terrified – petrified
blog, ‘But it’s only for one night so I’m willing to give it a go’ understanding – sympathetic
contrasts with the narrator’s dislike of these conditions.
4 Possible answer
5 A ‘Once there’ refers to arriving at the lake mentioned in the
I’m quite a strong-willed person. If I know I want to do
previous sentence. The following sentence about how the
something, then I’m usually determined to try and achieve it.
people enjoyed cooking and chatting by the lake continues
Sometimes, I get tense or anxious if someone or something tries
and expands on the idea expressed in A: ‘I kind of relax into
to stop me.
it and my initial reservations start to disappear’.
6 C Sentence C is a summary of the writer’s overall positive 5 Possible answers
feelings so far about the challenge, and answers the take on, turn out, come across
question before it: ‘So is the ‘7 Day Challenge’ a worthwhile 6 Multisensory art exhibitions are exhibitions that try to stimulate
experience?’ all of our senses (touch, sight, hearing, taste and smell). The
5 1 cosy 2 dull 3 nerve-racking 4 overwhelming 5 willing idea came from a desire to encourage more people, who would
6 reluctantly 7 pretty 8 worthwhile 9 pigeonhole normally not go to art galleries, to come and enjoy art.
10 dismiss 7 1 are put off 2 have missed out 3 have been trying out
4 add to 5 get across 6 is taking off
8 1 add to 2 have missed out 3 put (you) off
4 are (really) taking off 5 get (your) across
Gold Experience B2 © Pearson Education Limited 2018 1

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9 Possible answers 7 creative (people with synaesthesia are often not as good as
1 I usually talk with friends. I find that talking about problems is our peers at subjects such as maths or science and our sense
the best way to deal with them. of direction is often worse too, but we’re very creative.)
2 I’m usually sympathetic, and I definitely try to understand 8 famous (What I wasn’t aware of was the number of famous
what other people are thinking or feeling. The only times I artists and musicians such as Van Gogh and Franz Liszt who
don’t feel sympathetic is when I think someone is in trouble had the condition)
because they’ve been selfish or lazy. 9 stressed (If I’m feeling relaxed it’s a nice experience, but if I
feel very stressed, the sounds and colours feel much stronger.)
10 traffic (Then it’s hard to concentrate when I’m seeing the
1 Suggested answers equivalent of fireworks produced by all the sounds of traffic
around me.)
learning to talking playing going
windsurf to a the shopping 6 1 seminars – a seminar is a meeting in which a group of people
friend guitar discuss a subject (I attended my first university seminar this
morning.)
smell sea salt cleaning 2 approved – to think that someone or something is good, right
– – products, or suitable (My father never approved of me spending all my
food, etc. time playing football.)
touch hard board / a friend’s strings, soft clothes, 3 have concluded – decide that something is true after doing
wet water hand hard money, etc. some research (Scientists have concluded that bilingual
guitar children have an advantage over monolingual children.)
4 Apparently – used to say that you have heard that something
sight birds / blue a friend’s musical people,
seems to be true, although you do not have direct knowledge
sky face notes crowds,
of it (Apparently, listening to classical music can make you
things to
more intelligent.)
buy
5 is affected by – to cause a change in someone or something,
hearing birds / a friend’s music people or to change the situation they are in (My mood is affected by
waves voice talking, the weather.)
music in 6 gift – a special ability or talent (My sister has a gift for
shops languages.)
taste salt coffee when 7 Possible answers
having a 1 I think sight is my most important sense. I would find it
– –
break most difficult to live without it. I wouldn’t be able to read, or
watch anything. Perhaps smell is the least important. There
3 Synaesthesia is a medical condition which makes people aren’t many situations where it’s really necessary to smell
experience a mixture of feelings from two of their five senses something.
at the same time, for example seeing numbers as colours or 2 I would like to be able to strengthen my sight, so that I could
experiencing colours as a smell. see in the dark! Then I could read books without turning the
4 1 It’s a noun or a noun phrase, because the comes before light on!
the gap.
2 noun or noun phrase – There is an indefinite article before
the gap. 1 1 better 2 most efficiently 3 too difficult 4 as fast
3 adjective – It’s a word that tells you more about the type 5 more relaxed 6 the funniest
of music. 2 Possible answers
4 plural noun – It’s talking about experiencing something and it 1 I can speak English better than my father, who doesn’t speak
must be plural because of the word ‘different’ before the gap. any English. But my mother is an English teacher, so I’m
5 plural noun – It must be a noun, probably connected with nowhere near as good as her!
people, and it must be plural because of ‘them’. 2 I study most efficiently in the evenings, because it’s quiet and
6 noun – It must be a period of time because of ‘during’. there’s no-one around to disturb me.
7 adjective – It’s a word describing the type of subject. 3 I usually talk to other people in my class. Often, they’re having
8 adjective – It’s an adjective describing types of painters and the same problems as I am.
composers. 4 I’m not a very fast runner, so I think I’m the slowest out of all
9 adjective – It’s an adjective describing how she feels. my friends.
10 noun or noun phrase – It’s an example of something that 5 Usually, listening to music, or just going to sleep is the best
causes Rachel to lose concentration. way to make me feel less stressed.
5 1 name (frustratingly, I’ve only recently found out there’s a 6 Marco is the funniest in our class, but sometimes the teacher
name for my condition.) asks him to be quiet!
2 magazine article (I was thrilled when I found a magazine 3 1 more upset 2 more accurately 3 not as good as 4 finer
article that summed up my own situation exactly.) 5 the most debated 6 as well as 7 better 8 too
3 jazz (I often see bright red and yellow colours when I listen 4 1 loudly enough for me to
to rock music, but darker colours such as purple when I’m 2 was not as strong as
listening to Jazz.) 3 thinks more deeply than
4 tastes (there are some people who experience different tastes 4 not interesting enough
when they hear certain sounds, which must be incredible.) 5 can cook better than anyone/everyone
5 visitors (I used to make visitors laugh when I was younger – I 6 strangest feeling I have/I’ve ever
used to enjoy telling them what colour their name was)
6 (early) childhood (experts believe that the condition begins in
early childhood)

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5 Possible answers 3 Possible answers

In the last 24 hours, I’ve been to the market. It was very busy Similar: young people, happy atmosphere, everyone is enjoying
and I heard all the people talking, and stallholders calling. We themselves in their free time
bought some meat and my parents cooked it at home. The Different: location (indoors and outdoors), time of day (evening
smell filled the whole house. My brothers came home in the and daytime), activities (dancing, walking, talking)
evening, and we chatted and laughed. When we ate the meal, it 4 In both photos, …
was delicious. We had the meat with vegetables and then had a The photos are similar because …
sweet chocolate ice cream afterwards.
One of the main differences is that …
In the first photo …, whereas in the second …
1 Speaker 2 5 Photo 1: in a club or at a party
2 1 achievement 2 athletic 3 painful/painless 4 laziness Photo 2: at a fun fair, in front of a fairground ride
5 comfortable 6 excitement 6 Possible answer
3 Speaker 1: confidence, childish, competitive In both photos, we can see people spending time outdoors,
Speaker 2: fitness, comfortable, movement being active. The photos are similar because there are two
Speaker 3: hopeless, dreadful, visible people in each one, and the people are all doing some form of
exercise. One of the main differences is that in the first photo,
4 Possible answers
the people are together, but they are focused on running.
My sister is a good dancer. She’s been learning since she was
They both look serious, like they’re concentrating on their own
four years old, and she’s already won some competitions. I can’t
performance, and one is wearing headphones, so they aren’t
dance at all. I’ve got no sense of rhythm. I prefer just watching
really communicating with each other. In the second photo, the
other people.
people are actually playing. They are having a snowball fight,
5 A noun, because it is preceded by the. and the boy is just about to throw one at the girl. They’re clearly
1 enthusiasm (adjective to noun) having fun. Another difference is the time of the year. The first
2 impressive (verb to adjective) photo was probably taken in the autumn, whereas the second
3 deafness (adjective to noun) one was taken in the winter.
4 ability (adjective to noun)
7 Possible answer
5 difficulty/difficulties (adjective to noun)
(The bottom right photo of people playing in the snow.)
6 scientific (noun to adjective)
A: It’s cold! Let’s go home!
7 foolish (noun to adjective)
B: Just another ten minutes! It’s so nice to play in the snow. It
8 fashionable (noun to adjective)
hardly ever snows here.
6 Possible answer
A: I know, but it’s OK for you. You’ve got a better coat than I
A sense of humour is the most important to me. It’s important have.
to be able to laugh at things, and make other people laugh. It’s B: Here comes a snowball!
also important to be able to laugh at yourself. People shouldn’t A: Hey! OK, I’ll get you for that!
be so serious all the time.
7 Possible answers
1 Someone with a sense of adventure probably loves travelling, 1 Possible answer
or doing exciting sports like sailing or mountaineering – I’ve been playing the guitar a lot recently – or trying to. I found
something which is fun but a little bit dangerous. an old guitar in my house, which used to be my dad’s when he
2 My father has a great sense of humour. Not everyone thinks was in his 20s. He said I could have it, because he hasn’t used
he’s funny, but I do. He’s always telling jokes, and finding the it in a very long time. It’s not in great condition, but it’s fun to
funny side of things. practise on. I think the guitar is a cool instrument to learn, so I’d
3 I usually get a sense of achievement when I’ve set myself a like to get a good one, one day.
goal, and then worked hard to reach it. I feel proud that I’ve 2 Possible answer
managed to plan for something, and then get there in the
There is a ski centre near where I live, so people can practise
end.
skiing or snowboarding. There’s also a very large indoor
4 My sense of direction is pretty good. I don’t usually get lost,
swimming pool with an amazing slide. Those things are good at
but maybe that’s because I know how to use a map. I wouldn’t
any time of the year. When it’s warm, there’s a large park which
like to try getting anywhere without one.
people can go cycling in, or play football. It’s not possible to do
that in the winter, because it gets too dark and there aren’t any
lights there.
1 Possible answer
3 reviews of leisure activities that young visitors can do in your area
We usually go round to each other’s houses and watch films
or play games together. If we want to celebrate something, we an activity you have tried
go to a pizza restaurant in the city centre. We went there last describe your experience … of trying the activity
month for my friend’s birthday, and the waiters even came to say whether or not you would recommend it to other people
our table and sang Happy birthday to him! your age
2 Possible answers 140–190 words
A They’re enjoying music, dancing, spending time together in 4 1 The target reader is the person who the writer expects to
the evening. read the review. This will affect the kind of language used
B They’re enjoying being outside, perhaps at a fair, spending and how the review is written. In this case the target readers
time together on a day out. are people who read the tourist website, and young people
interested in doing activities in your area.

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2 A review should always give information so that the reader 4 Possible answers
can make a choice, but should also be interesting and Even experienced chefs need more than their sense of taste
engaging to read, and the writer should give their own alone. Cooking involves all of our senses, so only using one of
opinion. In this case, the purpose is to inform other young them makes cooking more difficult. Although we prioritise
people about an activity so they can decide whether to do it taste in this context, the food’s appearance and other factors
or not. contribute to the eating experience.
3 A review should always be interesting and engaging to read. In
this case, the style should be chatty, and informal because it is
for a website. 1B
4 A title is a good way to engage the reader’s interest. It 2 Peer assessment involves students looking at and assessing each
should be followed by paragraphs, which would include an other’s work, rather than just their own.
introduction, some information, some assessment of the 3 1 independent learners 2 reflect 3 responsible 4 critical
activity and your own opinion or recommendation. 5 strengths and weaknesses 6 each others’ 7 feedback
5 Some basic facts about what is being reviewed, plus quite a 8 learn more
lot of description and opinion.
4 Possible answers
6 You should always give your own opinion at the end, and say
whether or not you would recommend the activity. Things I have done well are:
1 I have used present tenses well, and accurately.
5 1 Yes, because it is written in a chatty, informal style.
2 I have been able to describe my experiences and feelings well.
2 The writer uses opening rhetorical questions and addresses
the reader directly as you. (A rhetorical question is useful Things I should focus on are:
for engaging the reader as it makes them think but doesn’t 1 listening for specific information.
expect them to think of an answer.) 2 organising a review, and making my opinion clear in a
3 Yes (atmosphere, suitable, levels, abilities, instructor, extremely recommendation.
patient, fantastic, memorable, artistic, etc.).
6 middle-aged (adjective + verb)
old-fashioned (adjective + verb)
18-year (number + noun) 1 1 sense of 2 put off 3 dreadful 4 energetic 5 strong-willed
one-day (number + noun) 6 visible 7 confidence 8 accessible
laid-back (verb + preposition) 2–3 1 approve 2 cosy 3 willing 4 dull 5 Apparently 6 gift
brightly-lit (adverb + verb) 4 Possible answers
26-year-old (number + noun) It has a similar meaning to boring and can also describe grey,
well-known (adverb + adjective) unpleasant weather. (dull)
7 1 worth trying 2 wouldn’t recommend 3 thoroughly It’s a talent that someone has, for example, being musical or
4 not really worth 5 perfect 6 won’t regret athletic. (gift)
10 Model answer It’s a warm feeling, and we often use it to talk about rooms or
Why not try ice skating? homes which have a nice, welcoming atmosphere. (cosy)
If you’re looking for a new way to keep fit, and to hang out with
friends at the same time, then how about learning to ice skate?
1 1 goes
And if you think that this is only something you can do in the
2 Has (anyone ever) persuaded
winter, think again! The new Skate World Ice Rink is the perfect
3 ’s (is) thinking
place for beginners or even advanced skaters to have fun.
4 ’ve (have) been planning
First of all, Skate World is large, with room for about 400 people. 5 ’s (has), seen
So, there’s no need to worry about bumping into other people. 6 Is, burning
If you’re a complete beginner like I was, it’s easy enough to
2 1C 2E 3A 4D 5F 6B
practise without disturbing other people or worrying about
anyone else watching you. 3 1 haven’t seen Sam for
2 early enough to see
There’s a real social element to Skate World. If you go as a
3 weren’t as cheap as
group, with friends or family, you get a discount. There’s also a
4 has been playing
great café where you can sit and relax, or watch the really good
5 much better than
skaters and examine their technique.
6 a more confident performer than
Learning to skate is a great way to improve your balance and
4 1 the (a definite article before a superlative adjective)
confidence, and it’s well worth trying, even if you’ve never
2 been (past participle to complete the present perfect form –
considered it before.
indicating indefinite period in past)
3 than (to complete a comparison)
4 has (to complete the present perfect)
1 Possible answer
5 more (to make a comparison)
The best food I’ve eaten recently was something my 6 since (indicating the start of a period in the past)
grandfather made. He makes the best version of this dish I’ve 7 have (to complete the present perfect)
ever tasted. They are soft, fluffy and savoury. They’re great 8 much (an emphasis of degree of comparison)
on their own or to go on top of something else. They look like
5 1.12
clouds and you can eat them really quietly, as there’s no crunch
at all. (mashed potato) She’s trying to persuade Joe to go to her dance club with her.
2 The sense of taste. Yes, he agrees to go.
3 1 cold, shiny 6 1.13
2 She says that turkey and egg yolk ‘don’t even have the same 1 has been going 2 has 3 better 4 ’s wearing 5 as good as
texture’.

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7 Hi John,
How are you? I hope you’re OK.
My brother and I are going zorbing on the weekend. Do you
know what zorbing is? Basically, you get inside a large, clear
plastic ball, and roll down a hill inside it! It sounds crazy, but it’s
completely safe, and it’s a lot of fun.
Would you like to come? My dad’s going to drive us there. And if
three of us go, we get a discount, so it won’t be very expensive.
Let me know by this evening, if you want to try it out!
See you soon,
Katya.
1 1 hasn’t finished 2 have been 3 Does it look 4 cancel

5 ’s saving up 6 cycle
2 1 has been looking forward
2 is, borrowing
3 have, been doing
4 have, woken up
5 are standing
6 have been celebrating
3 1 ’ve (have) tried
2 ’ve (have) been
3 recommend
4 am, enjoying
5 ’ve (have), wanted
6 have, waited
7 feel
8 haven’t regretted
9 has shown
10 ’ve, been looking forward
4 1 most amazing 2 stronger 3 best 4 more powerful
5 further/farther
5 1 too scary for
2 writes more slowly than
3 isn’t warm enough to
4 is as old as
5 can dance better than anyone/everyone
6 further/farther from school than
6 1 taller than 2 darker 3 better than 4 worse 5 higher
6 harder 7 as strong as 8 too sweet 9 the older
10 the better

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UNIT 2 ON THE BUCKET LIST

2 It would be great if a film was shot in my home town,
although I can’t imagine it happening because my town isn’t
1 Possible answers very interesting. It would be funny to see famous film stars
1 St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow: imposing, colourful, domes. walking around near the supermarket!
2 A road in Northern Ireland, going through a forest: gnarled,
tunnel, ancient trees, dark.
3 The Northern Lights (or Aurora Borealis) in Iceland: vibrant, 11 F (I’d been waiting), A (I realised)
magical, luminous, icy. 2 D (I was hoping), A (I didn’t manage)
4 A waterfall near a forest in North Carolina: serene, peaceful, 3 C (Paul was always leaving)
natural. 4 G (I used to make), A (I wanted)
2 1 C – Alexandra has been reading a book by a Russian author. 5 B (I was looking), A (I got)
2 A – Trish was interested in locations from a TV series. 6 D (We were going to visit), A (my sister was sick; we had to)
3 B – Rich had seen a documentary about volcanoes and the 2 A dog had fallen down a hole in the road which some
Aurora Borealis. workmen had dug and then left uncovered.
4 D – Sam had won a competition. 3 1 was walking, saw
exam tip 2 was going to meet, stopped, was going
D: Sam hadn’t expected to win the first prize of a trip to the USA; 3 had been digging, had finished, (had) gone
he had planned to travel to Greece but went to the USA instead. 4 had fallen
5 called, came
3 1 D I was due to go off on holiday to Greece just then, but I
ended up going to the US instead! 4 The customer feels angry because the website directions to the
2 C It was just like being on a movie set! hotel were wrong. She wasn’t able to have a proper meal upon
3 A … the recent boom in visitors to parts of Ireland … arrival and there was no medication or cream available to treat
4 B The volcanic landscape doesn’t appeal to everyone, … her sunburn.
5 C This year, since I am studying Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina at 1 booked 2 happened 3 ’d arrived 4 had been 5 was
school, my mother decided the time was right to go back. 6 ’d given 7 got 8 arrived 9 ’m not used 10 got
6 A I live in Northern Ireland, where several scenes from the 11 was sitting 12 managed
Game of Thrones TV series were filmed. I hadn’t realised 5 Possible answers
that until … 1 … there was an important football match on TV.
7 D … but as a city boy not used to such awe-inspiring nature, I 2 … had been waiting for 20 minutes in the rain.
was freaking out! 3 … was writing him an email.
8 C Russian is really difficult to learn. I was going to give it up 6 Possible answers
but then I thought, No, I can do this! 1 I usually catch the 3:45 bus when I go home, but yesterday,
9 B Mum wanted to go somewhere different for her birthday … it didn’t turn up. I’d been waiting there for more than 20
10 D … North Carolina, an area I recognised from pictures … minutes. And when it finally arrived, the driver was so rude
I recognised the Triple Falls and Bridal Veil Falls that had with everyone.
featured in the first film … 2 My friend David went to live in Australia with his family about
4 1 medieval a year ago. I’d been thinking about writing to him, when
2 boom suddenly I got an email. It was from David. It turned out
3 live up to sb’s expectations that he’d been thinking about me at the same time. But he’d
4 appeal to written an email first!
5 exotic
6 have access to
7 vast 1 1 dressed up 2 lived up to 3 think up 4 conjured up
8 superb, awe-inspiring, incredible 5 ended up 6 gave up on
9 feature 2 1 high on my list
10 freaking out 2 blown away
5 Possible answer 3 get into the swing of things
I identify most with Alexandra. My grandmother was from 4 down in the dumps
Hungary, so that means I’m a quarter Hungarian. I’ve never been 5 over the moon
there, but I know a lot about it, and I’ve read some books by 3 1 experience 2 everyday 3 enter 4 book 5 record
Hungarian authors. I also like quite a lot of traditional Hungarian 6 make 7 take
dance music, and I would like to go there one day, and practise it 4 Possible answer
for real. A ‘digital suitcase’ includes all the apps you may need on holiday
6 Possible answers or while travelling.
1 I liked the Harry Potter films when I was younger, and I know My digital suitcase would include maps, so I would know where
that a lot of the places in the films and the books are not I was going. It would also include all my friends’ contact details.
real, but there is a place near London where you can see the It would probably also have lots of music on it, so I wouldn’t get
studios where they made the films. There is a street inside bored while I was travelling.
the studio, which you can visit. It’s full of magical shops, and
you can actually go inside and walk around. I think you can go
there on a guided tour, and I’d like to do that one day.

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5 B The places that inspire me are largely undiscovered parts of

the country. I spend my weekends exploring those, rather
1 Possible answer than more glamorous venues abroad as my colleagues do!
I’ve been to New York City. It’s a really impressive place, with It’s a good idea to become an expert in a certain ‘niche’
some amazingly tall buildings. On my first day there, I was area …
completely awestruck by how high they were. And everywhere 6 B The beach I chose is in a fantastic cove but there are some
in the city is easily accessible by subway. You can get from one very steep steps going down to it. Not a place for the
end to the other in about 30 minutes. faint-hearted! I’d like to have kept it for myself …
2 Possible answers 7 A Top of the list, though, is that you need to have passion for
The job might involve travelling to interesting places, the craft of writing. If you are half-hearted, it won’t get you
interviewing people, writing articles for online websites. anywhere.
The attractions might be that you get to travel and see 5 1 an idea or opinion of what something or someone is like
interesting places, and meet different people. 2 to tell someone an idea to find out what they think of it
The difficulties could be that it gets tiring, you have to meet 3 a particular type of something
deadlines for submitting articles, you might even get bored 4 to be able to change easily according to the situation
waiting around at airports, or sitting on planes, etc. 5 the best or most exciting
3 He’s worked in a travel agency, as a research scientist, for an 6 (people) lacking courage or strength
online magazine. Now he is a full-time travel writer.
4 Suggested underlining
1 first (This question is asking to identify the content of first 1 Possible answers
articles he wrote.) A the Spanish, the middle classes, the elderly, the police, the
A inspired, history lessons military
B combination, travel and research B creativity, music, art, history
C published, almost immediately C a piece of cake, the real thing, on the whole, as an example
2 first break (This question is asking about feelings.) 3 1 – (No article is needed in front of plural nouns.)
A relieved, different ideas 2 – (No article is needed in front of plural nouns.)
B disappointed, took so long 3 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.)
C surprised, hadn’t expected 4 the (the is needed in front of particular groups of people.)
3 start job, travel agency (This question is asking for the reason 5 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.)
he started the job.) 6 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.)
A learn, demanding clients 7 the (the is needed in front of a specific case – the beauty of
B a way, meet more travel writers historical architecture)
C work, other people 8 – (No article is needed in front of plural nouns.)
4 worried (This question is asking for the reason he felt worried.) 9 the (the is needed in front of a specific case – the … craziness
A lack, formal training of New York)
B certain kinds of writing, more difficult 10 a (We use a to talk about one non-specific thing.)
C too much time, social media 11 a (We use a to talk about one non-specific thing.)
5 decide, subject (This question is asking for how he decides 12 an (We use an to talk about one non-specific thing.)
what to write about.) 13 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.)
A any job, pay well 14 a (We use a to talk about one non-specific thing.)
B destinations, interest him 15 a / the (We could use a or the here, depending on whether we
C works with his colleagues, exotic places are talking about beaches in general, or a specific beach.)
6 subject, award-winning article (This question is asking about 4 1 the/– 2 the 3 the 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 a 8 – 9 the 10 –
his feelings about his article.)
A frustrated, difficulties, location
B reluctant, place, secret 1 1 natural disasters
C irritated, attitude, publisher 2 overcrowding, damage to the ecology
7 most important quality (This question is comparing qualities 2 1 run into 2 natural 3 goal 4 attempt 5 use 6 risks
but only one is most important for travel writers.) 7 sign 8 mass 9 having 10 cause 11 cope 12 twice
A love, what they do 3 There are too many tourists. The city is often flooded. This leads
B desire, best to the erosion of buildings.
C belief, themselves 4 The answer for question 2 in Exercise 4 is A, cope. The words
1 B I went on a couple of school trips. I realised that visiting new handle, manage and accept are not followed by the preposition
places gave me a real buzz. So I started reading up about with. They all take an object (e.g. handle a situation).
the places I’d seen – the history and culture, you know – and 1 B – tourist season is a collocation; time doesn’t collocation
then I wrote up my impressions. I didn’t know how to get with tourist. The words group and attraction are
the articles published, so I kept them on my computer for collocations with tourist but don’t make sense in the
over a year. sentence.
2 C Then finally I sent an article to a local newspaper – and to 2 A – handle, manage and accept are not followed by with.
my amazement it was accepted! 3 D – tourism is a noun. Mass tourism is a fixed phrase. Although
3 C … but I’m a sociable type of guy and missed having others enormous, huge and large have a similar meaning, they
to bounce ideas off. So during the university vacation, I got don’t collocate with tourism.
a job at a travel agency. 4 B – the meaning is ‘earn enough money’ and the collocation
4 A I found that writing about scientific matters bored me! I with this meaning is make a living; win, take and work don’t
realised I’d made a mistake, but on the other hand, I had no create a collocation with a living.
qualifications in travel writing. 5 C – the meaning is ‘having a bad effect’. The word that
completes the collocation is impact.

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6 A – the meaning is similar to ‘a good standard of life’. Although Then, about 10 more seagulls flew down around me. I still had
value and worth have this idea, they don’t collocate with of one last piece of bread in my hand, and all the seagulls knew
life; importance has the wrong meaning. about it. I tried shouting to make them go away, but they didn’t.
7 D – the collocation is cause damage. Give and produce don’t The same seagull which had taken my bread dived at me again,
collocate, and prevent has the opposite meaning. and tried to take my last piece. I quickly ate it before it had
8 C – fail, destroy and finish all need to have direct objects. another chance.
They also don’t have the right meaning. Next time I go to the beach, I won’t take food with me!
1 Possible answers 1 Possible answer

It shows a beach holiday, perhaps in a sunny country like Italy, I like swimming, but I’m not very good at it yet. I’d love to try
with several beach umbrellas and sunbeds. People who like this surfing one day. I’ve seen people surfing in the sea and it always
kind of holiday enjoy relaxing near the sea for most of the day, looks so cool. I think I’d need some special equipment or clothes,
and doing little else except reading or sleeping. and of course, I’d need to take lessons. First though, I need to
2 1 Where do you like spending your holidays? become a stronger swimmer, and learn how to swim in the
(staying in my home town, I can do what I like, lots of things open water.
on in the summer, music festivals) 2 Possible answers
2 What do you like doing during your holidays? good: being with friends, having good weather, having lots of
(activity, learning a new sport, a language course, met things to do and see
students from all over the world) bad: bad weather, not having enough money, becoming ill
3 Where did you go during your last summer holidays? 3 Possible answer
(family holiday to Croatia, fantastic weather, interesting I had an experience once when something went wrong on
historical sites, beaches were rather crowded) holiday. We were driving from our hometown to the beach on
3 I like staying in my home town during the holidays. Because I a long five-hour journey. It was the first day of our two-week
don’t have school, I can do what I like every day. holiday and I was having a sandwich in the car. Suddenly, I felt
There are also lots of things on in the summer, such as music something bad happen to my tooth. I’d broken it!
festivals and things like that, so I don’t mind not going away. It was too late to go back home, so I had to spend the next
I prefer to do some sort of activity when I’m on holiday, like two weeks with a broken tooth. I felt terrible, and I couldn’t eat
learning a new sport … anything on holiday except soup or soft food. I couldn’t even eat
Last year, for example, I did a language course … ice cream, because the cold hurt me too much.
It was great, as we had fantastic weather … 4 Possible answers
4 Possible answer My most enjoyable holiday experience was when …
For example, we might go to the cinema or go to someone’s Of course, I …
house and watch a film, and sometimes we go to the shopping By the end of the holiday, I …
mall and hang out. It was … that …
Model answers We were … when …
1 I spent last summer visiting my relatives who live near a beach. Luckily, I …
I went swimming nearly every day, or playing on the beach. I think it’s better to …
2 I was with my uncle, aunt, and my three cousins.
5 There is no title.
3 I didn’t take many photos, because I was too busy having fun. I
don’t usually share photos online. The ideas are all mixed up,
4 I didn’t have time to read any books, unfortunately! I usually It is not separated into paragraphs and there is no introduction
read when I have to spend time indoors, and the weather is bad. or conclusion.
5 I took a few selfies with my cousins. There is one of us standing It’s too short.
on a big rock in the sea. It’s really funny because it looks like 6 Possible answers
we’re far out at sea. I can’t wait for school to finish and the summer holidays to begin.
6 One of my cousins plays guitar, and in the evening, when the I feel sorry for people who pay a lot of money for a holiday, and
sun went down, he often played it. I’ll remember that more then something goes wrong.
than any other kind of music,
If you want to gain confidence in speaking English, it’s a good
7 It’s always good to meet up with people who know a place
idea to find some friends to practise with.
well, because they can show you secret places that only locals
I hope nothing goes wrong with our car while we’re travelling.
know about.
8 The worst souvenir I’ve ever received was from my uncle. He My friend says he’s going to Japan for a holiday. I can’t believe it!
bought me a T-shirt that said ‘My uncle went to London, and I’m looking forward to starting my water-skiing lessons next week.
all he bought me was this T-shirt!’ He thought it was really Sunny weather usually makes people feel better.
funny, but I didn’t. I’ve never worn it. I’m scared of heights, so I would never try anything like bungee
5 Model answer jumping.
I was walking on the beach one day, having a sandwich I had I hope it doesn’t rain tomorrow. It will really spoil the day.
bought in a shop. I had finished most of it when suddenly, a 7 1 Since/Because
huge shape appeared in front of my eyes, and grabbed a piece 2 Although/Even though
of bread in my hand. It was an enormous seagull! It made a loud 3 though/however
noise and disappeared. 4 However
5 so
8 Possible answers
enjoyable, cold, I didn’t give up, I can’t wait, horrified, I’m afraid
that spoilt, disasters, good times

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10 Model answer
Family times together
Holidays are times for relaxing and enjoying yourself.
Sometimes, though, things don’t work out as planned. 1 1 was blown away
Last year we stayed in the UK and my parents had booked a 2 was high on my list
week in Devon. I had really been looking forward to this after 3 fell in love
working hard for my exams. Unfortunately, it was a disaster! It 4 was over the moon
rained steadily for six days. I couldn’t believe it. My only views 5 got into the spirit of things
of the sea were through the car windows. I also actually felt 2 Model answer
sorry for my parents since they had paid to hire a cottage and There is a place I’ve been to which is a high hill. You can get
we didn’t see much of Devon at all. However, we played lots of there by car, or by public transport. In the winter, there is a
board games inside, and I won every time! large slope, and if it has been snowing, it’s a popular place for
My best trip away was on a day trip to Paris. Even though I’m sledging. From the top of the hill, in one direction, you can see
a bit scared of heights, we went up the Eiffel Tower! Then we nothing but other hills and forests stretching all the way into
had a boat trip down the River Seine through the centre of the distance. In the other direction, you get an amazing view of
Paris. I even managed to practise my French with some French the city. You can see for miles, and it’s probably one of the best
students. It was really an experience I’ll never forget. places I know to come for a picnic.
In the end, memories of family times together are good to have, 3 1 summit 2 couldn’t believe 3 scared of heights
even if things weren’t quite perfect at the time! 4 achieving my goal 5 gain confidence 6 can’t wait
7 ’m looking forward 8 spoil the day
1 Possible answer
I’m going to describe Matteo’s, the Italian restaurant. It’s usually 1 1 arrived, had been
quite noisy inside because there are lots of people. It’s a really 2 have texted
popular place. It’s nice inside because all the walls are covered 3 had been working
with shelves, and on the shelves are displays of different types 4 were going
pasta, bottles of sauces, and so on. You can see the kitchen, and 5 had eaten
the chefs busy making things. It’s great to order a pizza and see 6 was running, tripped
them making it, throwing the bread in the air, covering it with 7 used to
sauce and cheese and then putting it inside the hot oven. If you 2 1 had been planning
sit at a table near the kitchen, it makes you really hungry when 2 organised
you’re waiting and you smell all that food! 3 felt
2 It is the film location of the planet Tatooine in the Star Wars films. 4 would normally visit/normally visit/normally visited
3 Possible answers 5 has been
Visitors felt amazed, happy, nostalgic, relieved or connected. 6 had been having/had had
They felt compelled to touch and smell the place. They thought 3 1 an 2 – 3 a 4 the 5 – 6 The 7 a 8 the 9 a 10 the
it was still in surprisingly good condition. 11 – 12 – 13 – 14 –
4 Possible answer 4 1 best 2 had 3 was 4 so 5 by 6 although/though
She went with someone who was a fan. She heard it was a 7 am 8 more
tourist attraction, so went along to see what it was like. She 5 1 has been travelling abroad for
was intrigued and wanted to learn more. We hear from another 2 used to tell
visitor that Tunisian architecture is unique. 3 we were having
5 Possible answers 4 was thinking of taking
It felt like the culmination of years of dreaming. It was satisfying 5 have had this tablet since
to achieve a goal. Sometimes the things you want to do the 6 Students’ own answers.
most feel like they will never happen, so it must have been
emotional for them when it did. It was a reward at the end of a
long journey. It can be hard to know quite what to expect when 1 1A 2C 3C 4B 5A
you are about to do something you’re really excited about, and it 2 1 used to 2 get used to 3 isn’t used to 4 didn’t use to
must have been amazing to find that it lived up to expectations. 5 used to/would 6 got used to 7 wasn’t used to
It was an opportunity to meet up with other fans. 3 1 had been waiting
2 was always taking
3 had already finished; arrived
3 Possible answers 4 was going to ring
1 I will try to pay more attention to using linkers, so that I can 5 was going to arrive
make longer, clearer sentences. 6 was raining, was blowing
2 I will try to include a variety of language, like adjectives and 4 1 had been following 2 asked 3 rushed 4 were watching
idiomatic expressions, to make my articles more interesting. 5 announced 6 nodded 7 thought up 8 had happened
5 1 – 2 a 3 the 4 – , the 5 a 6 an
6 1 a 2 – 3 a 4 the 5 – 6 the 7 the/– 8 the 9 the
10 the/– 11 – 12 the 13 – 14 the 15 –

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UNIT 3 ALL IN A DAY’S WORK

3 I study best in the mornings, so I would try to do most of my
work then. I might not study at all in the afternoons, but go
1 Possible answers and do some exercise instead. I also enjoy working at night – I
The school is probably closed because of heavy snowfall. often go to bed late. So, if I could study in the evenings before
Other reasons a school might close include a heat wave, special going to bed, I would.
training days, an outbreak of a contagious disease, water leaks in
classrooms, etc.
2 Cyber school days are occasions when students don’t go to 11 will have had (This time tomorrow)
school, but learn online or remotely. 2 ’ll have been collaborating (By the time they get to university)
4 1 B The main point that comes across in the opening paragraph 3 is likely to
is the newness of the experience. 4 won’t be including (for the time being)
There are no details given about virtual schooling itself, her 21 will be revising
school or the way she gets ready, even though these exact 2 ’ll have finished
words come up in the text. 3 ’ll have been studying
5 2 B She clearly has a timetable of what needs to be studied, but 4 to be
can choose what order to do it in. 31 university studies, career plans
(… she’ll log on, check her timetable and get going on the 2 career plans
day’s lessons. Maybe she’ll start with maths. Who knows? 3 travelling
For one day, the choice will be hers.) 4 socialising, travelling
3 A The cyber school days were surprisingly successful, not 5 travelling, hobbies, socialising
stressful. The disruption caused by the snow was stressful. 6 university studies, career plans
(So, is this paving the way for full-time cyber school? Not 41 would’ve graduated
at all! … a small number of planned study days … following 2 ’ll be able to
the success of a trial at a neighbouring school … When 3 ’m gonna (going to) be hanging around, ’m travelling
one neighbouring school offered its students the chance to 4 ’ll wake up, ’ll go
study at home the results were surprising, with a 90% online 5 ’ll be packing
attendance.) 6 won’t, have changed
4 B (The results caught the attention of other head teachers on 5 Ed is young and goes to school (he takes classes), but he has
the look-out for suggestions on how to motivate teachers also been asked to act in a film.
and students alike and ultimately, improve grades.) 6 1 about to 2 not going to 3 is due to 4 will 5 won’t
The focus is on motivation, not the fact that students work 6 is providing 7 won’t 8 to be
better from home. The creativity of the teachers would be 7 Possible answers
in the planning, and it wouldn’t be holiday time.
At the weekend, I will wake up late, and then I’m going to find
5 C (… some teachers worry that the scheme is likely to put
out what my friends are doing. If the weather is OK, we’ll go
them under increasing pressure to plan even more than they
cycling somewhere. If it’s not OK, we’ll go to the swimming pool.
already do.)
We enjoy doing sporty stuff, even if the weather’s bad.
There is no reference to getting better grades or benefits.
The focus is on the teachers being under pressure.
6 D (Possibly the biggest drawback for students like Anna is that
1 1 discipline
her younger brothers will probably be a bit of a pain when
2 grade(s)
she’s trying to concentrate …)
3 timetable
Anna has some ideas for doing sport and she is still in
4 syllabus
regular contact with her friends. There is no reference to
5 experiment
helping her siblings.
6 handout
6 1 gearing up 2 siblings 3 support 4 pilot (scheme) 7 attendance
5 win-win situation 6 collaboration 7 distractions
2 1 discipline
8 drawback
2 grade(s)
7 Possible answers 3 timetable
Advantages: more freedom, choosing what to study when, 4 syllabus
exciting change, extra motivation, teachers can be more 5 experiment
creative, online collaboration (which is good preparation for life) 6 handout
Disadvantages: teachers need to do more planning, they’ll be 7 attendance
on call all day, less sport or physical exercise, being near family 3 be: creative, self-employed, your own boss, responsible
members, which could be a distraction, students may miss their have: a good salary, control over your own time, a lot of pressure,
friends time off
8 Possible answers work: independently, shifts, part/full-time, as a team
1 I’d enjoy learning to code, or make my own computer games.
4 1 control 2 their own boss 3 responsible 4 independently
That kind of thing is probably better done online than in a
5 a lot of pressure 6 full-time 7 time off
traditional kind of classroom.
2 I would probably be less motivated if I was only in a virtual 5 1F 2C 3B 4D 5A 6E
school environment. There would be so many other things
to do, like check other websites, or watch TV. I think I need
someone to make sure I’m really doing the work.

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6 Possible answers 4 E The speaker mentions being given more ‘interesting stuff
1 The topics in Exercise 1 are usually controlled by teachers. An to do’ and said that it was ‘brilliant to know that somebody
unschooler would need to have a lot of self-discipline. Systems wanted to put [you] in charge of something’ (i.e. to give you
like a syllabus, detention or timetables would not exist. responsibility).
2 Unschooling is an interesting idea, but it wouldn’t suit 5 C The experience only made this speaker more convinced
everyone. You would need a lot of self-discipline and curiosity. about a future career. ‘I’m even more determined now.’
You would still need the support of your parents, and you 7 Possible answers
might miss a lot of things that other people your age are Arguments for: students are more likely to get higher
learning. qualifications without money worries; students are the future
3 You can learn ‘real world’ skills, like how to develop your own and we should invest in them.
curiosity, set your own goals, and how to explore your own Arguments against: if students are not doing a job, they
interests. shouldn’t get paid; they are too young to get paid; schools and
universities might attract people who want money, and don’t
only want to study.
1 Suggested answers
1 1 a hotel reception
2 receptionists, porters, waiters 1 A single countable nouns: boss, role, task
3 communication skills, organisation skills B uncountable nouns: information, stuff, advice
2 1 a supermarket C plural countable nouns: people, courses, colleagues
2 shop assistants, managers
2 1 much 2 a large amount of 3 many 4 less 5 several
3 communication skills, finance skills
6 a few
3 1 a train station
2 engineers, train staff, ticket inspectors 3 Possible answer
3 communication skills, organisation skills Jobs that aren’t glamorous or cool can also have benefits and
2 Job shadowing is when a junior employee, student or trainee are worth doing.
follows and observes a more experience person doing a 4 1 a bit of 2 some 3 few 4 several 5 a great deal of
particular job. This usually happens over a period of time. 6 little
The advantages of job shadowing are to see what the job 5 1 only a few teenagers
involves, to experience the reality of difficult jobs and to confirm 2 earn little/only earn a little
whether it’s really what they want to do. It could mean that they 3 few teenagers
don’t waste time studying to do a job that they end up hating. 4 have been plenty of changes
3 1 F – The person shadowing is learning the job. 5 a great deal of
2 T – Teamwork is considered a very positive aspect of the 6 don’t/do not need much
workplace. 6 Possible answers
3 F – Shadowing is often unpaid as the people doing it may be 1 I know a waiter who words very hard. He takes pride in giving
students. However, some companies run a shadowing customers what they want, and likes it when customers
scheme for new employees, in which case they would be return to the restaurant.
paid. 2 A waiter has to deal with rude or unhappy customers, even if
4 T – The goal of the person shadowing is to learn what the job the waiter hasn’t done anything wrong.
involves. 3 It must be interesting to work in a busy restaurant and
5 T – They learn by watching not by doing. learn about different foods. I’d like to do it once, maybe as a
6 T – They are not doing the job and taking responsibility for it, part-time job.
they are just learning about it
4 Speaker 1: D – design process / dream homes
2 Coding is the skill of telling a computer what you want it to
Speaker 2: C – famous celebrities / programme
do through a series of typed step-by-step instructions for the
Speaker 3: A – constructing buildings / outdoors / hard in winter computer to follow.
Speaker 4: E – burning cakes / kitchen / local restaurant / cooking 3 1 depends on 2 referred to 3 cope with 4 benefit from
Speaker 5: B – fresh air / farm / animals 4 1 F (That’s what people thought in the past.)
5 Possible answers 2 F (It’s likely that all jobs will benefit from basic coding skills.)
A People tell me what they think. 3T
B I love something that is difficult to do. 4T
C It helped me understand what I want to do. 5 The preposition that goes after the gap is in. The only
D I meet loads of different people. collocation that matches this preposition is believe (option C).
E I have to make my own decisions.
1 B (rely on) 2 C (believe in) 3 D (specialise in)
F I found out about something completely different.
4 A (benefit from) 5 A (succeed in) 6 B (applying for)
G There are great chances for promotion.
7 C (depend on) 8 D (appeals to)
H It made me really fit and healthy.
1 D The speaker talks about visiting clients and says what was 6 Possible answers
especially cool was meeting loads of interesting customers 1 As technology is developing, it is become more important to
and hearing them talk about their dream homes. keep up with it. More and more jobs are becoming automated
and there might come a time in the future when people who
6 2 A The speaker says that the positive comments were ‘so
don’t know how to code are at a disadvantage when it comes
worthwhile’.
to finding a job.
3 G Here, the speaker mentions the colleagues doing college
courses to ‘get a promotion’ and having ‘their own company
one day. That made me realise what potential there is for a
good career in the future’.

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2 Schools could teach students by giving them ‘hands-on’ access B: It depends on what the job is. If you work in a café, you’ll just
to technology, such as tablets or phones. Students learn best meet customers all day. I’m not sure how useful that really is.
by doing things for themselves. A: It does teach you people skills, and how to communicate with
3 I would like to learn how to make my own apps. I often have different kinds of people, I think.
ideas for apps I’d like to download, but I have no idea how to B: Yes, I agree. And what about time management? I mean, if you
go about making one. have a part-time job, you’re probably doing other things as well,
like studying.
A: So actually, doing part-time work makes you think more
1 Possible answers
carefully about how much time you have, and how you can fit
1 The person on the left is working in a café, possibly as a
everything into a day. So that’s valuable, I think.
barista. The person on the right is a primary school teacher or
B: And that relates to problem-solving skills. If your life is busy,
assistant.
and you’re juggling lots of different tasks then that’s definitely
2 A barista needs to know how to make good coffee, in a variety
a problem.
of styles. A teacher needs to be patient, and have empathy
with the children she is teaching. A: Also, different jobs have different problems. For example, a
3 I would prefer to be a primary school teacher, because I like primary school teacher might have to deal with a difficult
being around young children. child or an angry parent. How about ‘sense of responsibility’?
Part-time jobs don’t usually have a lot of responsibility, do they?
2 Possible answers
You don’t have to take important decisions or anything.
They can learn about managing their own time – juggling the
B: Maybe not, but you still have to be punctual and work as part
job with other duties.
of a team.
They can learn how to solve problems that arise in the
7 Model answer
workplace.
A: For me, having financial independence is important.
They can earn money, and either save it or use it to pay for
B: Yes, I agree. And when young people have a part-time job,
college, etc.
it’s usually their first experience of earning and having their
They can make new friends, or come into contact with a range own money.
of people they wouldn’t otherwise. A: And this can help students become more self-confident, and
They can learn that having a job means having different kinds more independent, too.
of duties or responsibilities. B: So, yes. Financial independence is the most important
3 Possible answers benefit here.
time management: cope with pressure, be punctual, organise 8 Possible answers
your time teach language skills: many employers look for people who can
problem solving skills: become more independent, become more speak more than one language, or can work abroad
self-confident, make judgements about situations, find solutions, provide IT courses: as more jobs become automated and
take decisions technology increases, it becomes more important to learn
financial independence: learn the value of money, become more about IT
independent encourage critical thinking: students who can think for
meeting people: become more self-confident, improve themselves, make their own independent decisions and think
communication skills, learn teamwork objectively make better life choices later on
sense of responsibility: become more independent, take have meditation classes: helps students relax and concentrate
decisions, earn trust on their own emotions and well-being
4 1 time management and financial independence run interview/CV workshops: helps students understand what
2 be punctual, organise your time, (learn) the value of money employers are looking for, and how to apply for jobs
5 1 Shall we start with 9 Possible answers
2 how do you think 1 I’d like to become a journalist, because I’ve always liked
3 What do you think writing, and I think I’ve got a gift for it.
4 How about 2 I think it’s important to have an idea of what you want to do,
5 Don’t you agree because this helps you choose what to study, or whether or
6 what about not to study.
6 Possible answer 3 It might be better to follow one profession that you are really
A possible response should be something that adds to the point interested in, and try to develop your career in this area as far
being made, so that it is interactive, for example, I think it would as possible.
be useful because … , Well, have you thought about … ?, Actually,
I think it could help because you have to work within definite
hours and finish your work. 1 Suggested answers
Model answer The older woman is teaching the girl calligraphy (the art of
A: OK, so why might it be a good idea for students to have writing letters in a very decorative way).
part-time jobs? What do you think? 2 1 A mentor is generally an experienced person who advises
B: Well, let’s think about financial independence first. It’s another person who is less experienced. This is often at work
important for people to have their own money, and learn how or school.
to use it, don’t you think? 2 Pensioners who are energetic, experienced, interested in young
people, keen to learn about young people, kind, helpful, etc.
A: Yes, and nothing teaches you the value of money more than
3 Teenagers can talk to them, share their knowledge about
when you earn it for yourself. And what about meeting people?
what they’re learning at school, help them with computer
Do you think students can meet a lot of people when they do a
problems and other technical skills.
part-time job?

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4 Reasons why it might be a good idea include the possibility As an example, students do not learn about money
that younger and older people can learn from each other, management in schools. This might lead to them becoming
it gives them both a different perspective on life, and adults who do not know how to save, or manage debt.
encourages them to try different thing. Reasons why it might Similarly, many schools do not spend enough time teaching
be a bad idea include the possibility that young and older social skills, such as how to work in a team, to solve problems
people tend not to have much in common, and might become together, or understand other people’s feelings. These skills are
frustrated with each other. undoubtedly important in later life.
3 1 Pensioners’ (The words pensioners is plural. This means ‘the To sum up, I agree that schools need to teach more than
advice of the pensioners’.) academic knowledge to students. Moreover, teaching young
2 Both (This means ‘the mentor and the student’.) children a wider variety of skills would help create a better society.
3 person’s (The word person is a singular noun. This means ‘the
confidence of one particular person’.)
4 Neither (This means that discussing the problems is not 1 Possible answers
possible for pensioners or students.) I’m naturally good with numbers. I’ve always been able to do
5 or (This means that there are two possible outcomes, but only sums in my head, without needing a calculator.
one will happen) I’d really love to learn how to play a musical instrument. I am
4 Possible answers envious of anyone who can just pick up an instrument and
health benefits, a better social life, why it’s good for the start playing.
community I know that I’ll never learn how to code, or build a website, or
5 1 For points 1 and 2, the writer mentions that teens and anything like that. It’s just not something that interests me.
pensioners experience similar challenges, they both struggle 2 He plans to train sheepdogs and sell them to farmers.
to socialise, and experience loneliness and low self-confidence. 3 Possible answers
Also, pensioners can help teens by being patient and
Philip can negotiate. He can successfully make deals to secure
understanding. Parents are often too busy to do so.
the materials for his new dog kennels.
2 Teens can motivate older people by introducing them to new
experiences, technology, sport, etc. He can train sheep dogs. He starts a business that depends
upon it.
6 A: This works and balances the argument. It is more cautious
in its summing up than the essay in Exercise 5, which gives He can shear sheep, and shears some of his own flock.
definite opinions. That’s why the writer uses but to express He is practical. He builds the kennels himself after clearing out
doubt or concern. It could be a good alternative conclusion. the cow shed.
B: This disagrees with the statement in the original task. It He has the ability to spot good-quality sheep dogs. He bids for
doesn’t work with this essay as the main part of the essay and wins the dog he wants at an auction.
talks about how teens and pensioners can learn from each 4 Possible answer
other. She’s pleased with the way Philip is approaching a difficult
7 1 B (This makes a general statement that introduces the topic.) venture. She is positive about the future and is glad that he is
2 D (It is often said that … introduces the first idea.) interested and working hard to find answers. She is letting him
3 A (Another important point is that … introduces a second idea.) make his own decisions because it will be his future job.
4 E (From my own experience … introduces the writer’s own idea.)
5 C (To sum up … concludes the argument and the essay.)
8 They all link the text and give it structure and cohesion. 2 Possible answers
Despite contrasts two different ideas. Try to use more linkers, to make your writing clearer, and to
It is often said that introduces an idea. write longer sentences.
Likewise gives similar information. Make sure you include paragraphs, and that each paragraph is
on a different point.
Another important point is/Moreover both give additional
information. Check your spelling and grammar carefully after you have
written your essay.
From my experience introduces the writer’s own opinion.
3 Possible answers
To sum up starts a conclusion.
1 When speaking, I should try to interact more with my partner
9 Possible answers
by asking them questions, rather than just saying what I think.
academic knowledge: it’s important to have qualifications; it 2 I should try to focus on using future forms accurately, and to
helps to get a job, but experience is also good; schools should use a variety of forms.
help students get practical experience. 3 Before listening, I should try to read through the options
money management: schools teach maths, but actually saving more carefully, and make sure I know what I’m going to be
and managing money is an important life skill. listening for.
your own idea: schools could also teach careers advice, social
skills or technology skills.
10 Model answer
Although schools teach students a range of subjects and skills,
some people believe that students need to learn more in order 1 1 grades 2 a lot of pressure 3 gets on with 4 drawback
to be successful adults. 5 rely on 6 detention
It is often said that academic knowledge isn’t always useful. 2 3.13
For example, people rarely need to know historical dates, or 1 attendance 2 have a good salary 3 run out of
how to solve mathematical problems in their day-to-day lives. 4 benefit from 5 choose between 6 become self-confident
However, that is not to say that academic information is useless. 7 distraction 8 pocket money
It does develop students’ ability to think and read and write. The 3 1 organise my time 2 specialises in 3 discipline
problem is that there is much more that students should learn. 4 apologised for 5 led to 6 works 7 keep up with
8 being self-employed
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1 1D 2H 3A 4G 5C 6B 7F 8E
2 3.14
1 number 2 plenty 3 Most 4 few 5 every 6 lot 7 little
8 some
3 3.15
1 came up with 2 keep up with 3 gets on with
4 catch up on 5 make up for 6 run out of
4 1 be/start/begin 2 up 3 few 4 plenty/lots/loads 5 is
6 have 7 unlikely 8 the/any
5 Hi Sara,
I hope you’re OK. I’m just writing to say that I’ve had an email
from the organiser of the local food festival. Guess what! They
have asked me to help out. I’ve always wanted a part-time job at
a festival, and this sounds like fun!
The organisers say it’s going to be busy and I might feel under
pressure sometimes, but I’ll be working as part of a team, and
the actual work seems like it’s going to be easy.
So, if you want to come along to the food festival next week,
you might see me there! I’ll be helping out at the ticket office!
See you soon,
Mark.
1 1 ‘ll (will) explain

2 Are you doing, ’re (are) having
3 ’s going to be
4 ‘ll (will) be celebrating
5 ‘ll (will) have been working
6 starts, ‘ll (will) go
7 is about to
2 1 will begin 2 ’m doing 3 starts 4 is going to
5 ’ll be learning 6 won’t be 7 will be 8 ’ll have gained
9 will have been studying 10 won’t have earned
3 1D 2F 3E 4C 5A 6B
4 1 a lot 2 much 3 a few 4 number 5 little
6 a great, lots of
5 1 school’s 2 twins’ 3 both 4 Harry’s 5 either 6 neither

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UNIT 4 THE HEART OF THE CITY

1 Possible answer 1 1 remote 2 handy 3 express 4 Inner-city 5 winding
I think the words lively and busy best describe city life. I wouldn’t 6 overcrowded 7 secure 8 well-connected
choose crowded or stressful, because these sound too negative. 2 The first speaker lives in the middle of a city.
I like the energy of living in a city, so I would choose more The second speaker lives in the countryside, near mountains.
positive words. 3 Speaker 1:
2 See the answer for Exercise 3. The flat is handy for shops and local amenities
3 The only city people actually live in now is the Underground Some people would say the flats are overcrowded.
city (D). The flat is well-connected with public transport.
4 1 B (But in 1959 a massive dam was built, and the city There’s an express train.
was flooded on purpose.)
Speaker 2:
5 2 D (But if town planners knew about the benefits, they decided
The cottage is remote.
to ignore them.)
3 A (… many accidents in previous tests involved pedestrians.) The speaker feels secure.
4 B (… if it hadn’t been for a decision to build a new The roads are winding roads to the house
hydro-electric power station, it would have stayed that way.) The cottage is handy for skiing in the mountains
5 D (… cities have sprawled, leaving little space for any more 4 apartment block/complex
building.) country cottage
6 C (Sceptics are bound to ask if such an innovation can market square/hall
solve some of the issues facing cities today such as over-
play area
population, pollution and rising sea levels.)
public space/square
7 A (Take a closer look and you’ll see that behind the shop
fronts there’s nothing on sale at all.) shopping/leisure complex
8 B (… inhabitants had to be relocated, with many of them tourist spot/area
leaving their ancestral homes.) town square/hall
9 D (… in order to create extra space and maintain a low rise traffic jam
skyline.) 5 1 housing crisis
10 C (… if they had paid more attention to these concerns years 2 apartment block/complex
ago, they might have prevented the current housing crisis 3 traffic jams
and flood risks.) 4 town planners
6 1 simulated 2 defaced 3 imposing 4 ancestral 5 amenities 5 public space
6 issues 7 increasingly 8 insulated 6 weather conditions
7 Possible answers 7 play area
1 These cities show an interesting way of dealing with our
modern problems of over-crowding. It’s possible that in the
future, we will consider building cities which float on water, or 1 Possible answers
are deep underground. As we develop new technology, such Public transport is very important to me. I don’t have a car, so I
as driverless cars, we will have to explore different styles of need to be able to get around quickly and easily. Places to meet
living. We know that some cities don’t last forever, such as friends is another very important thing. I like to be able to meet
the sunken city of Shicheng. Perhaps the cities we now live people after school, without needing to meet them in their
in will one day disappear, and be replaced with something homes. The other thing I’d like to mention is entertainment. I
completely different. love going out, especially to the cinema, but also to the theatre.
2 For me, the most interesting city is Shicheng, or Lion City. I don’t think I could live somewhere where there weren’t many
I love the idea of exploring an old city which is perfectly entertainment options.
preserved, and finding out how people used to live in the past. 2 1 moving to a remote village and not being able to sleep
because of noises (noise pollution)
2 plans for a new skate park (places to meet friends)
1 1 C If you went shopping in Mcity, 3 competition to find ways to improve a town square
2 A If the roads are empty, (local facilities)
3 D If it hadn’t been for a decision to build a new hydro-electric 4 lack of buses in the evening (public transport)
power station, 5 museum exhibition (entertainment)
4 B If water levels continue to rise, 6 traffic chaos due to bad weather (traffic)
5 E If they had paid more attention to these concerns years ago, 7 aunt can’t sell house because it’s too remote (neighbours)
2 1 would have got, had moved 8 using the gym to meet people (places to meet friends/
2 could have been, had grown up local facilities)
3 is, will be 3 The main words are move to the country and How does she feel.
4 saw, would love The question is focusing on the speaker’s feelings.
5 would hate, left C (It’s especially irritating when the dogs start barking …
3 1 ’d go 2 ’ll get 3 could have seen 4 wouldn’t have gone Eventually I managed to adjust and now it doesn’t really
5 hadn’t given 6 had been bother me.)

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4 2 B (There’s nowhere to skateboard at the moment.) 3 … villages like mine are rubbish for public transport. (Giving an
3 A (In case you’ve forgotten … As long as we get them by example.)
midnight on Friday we’ll enter them in the prize draw.) 4 The party was in the same road as my house (Part of an
4 B (But you know there aren’t any other buses. There’s one at expression with the same …)
nine and then nothing until eleven. The basketball match 5 You looked like a zombie in a horror film! (To say that
doesn’t finish until nine-thirty.) something or is similar to something else.)
5 C (… unless you book soon, you might miss this opportunity. 3 1 like, like 2 as 3 like
Unfortunately the exhibition is moving to another museum 5 Possible answer
in just a few weeks.) I’ve never seen this kind of bus before. It’s good that people are
6 A (Queues of traffic have started to form in other areas of the thinking of how to improve public transport, but I can’t imagine
city and unhappy commuters are reporting severe delays of it working in my city. It looks like it might slow down traffic, and
up to two hours.) create even more problems.
7 B (It’s a cute house but really remote. There aren’t any
6 1 B took many by surprise (This is a fixed phrase meaning that
neighbours at all and that puts people off.)
something was unexpected.)
8 C (I like seeing other friends from school and the gym is the
2 A at first sight (This means the first time you see something.)
perfect place for that.)
3 A in fact (This means ‘actually’.)
5 Possible answers 4 C at least (This means ‘a minimum’.)
The town council: We put a lot of money into facilities that 5 B used as a space (We use as here to describe the role of the
aren’t used. We could use the money better in other ways. upper level.)
Older people need facilities more than teenagers. We have a 6 D on the move (This is a fixed phrase meaning that something
responsibility to use the council’s money wisely. is physically moving.)
Local teenagers: We need to do school work so can’t use the 7 B for real (This means ‘in reality’.)
facilities all the time. The weather sometimes stops us using 8 D in danger (In the text, this is used as an example of a
outdoor facilities. It’s important for us to have places where we potential problem with the bus.)
can spend time with other teenagers. We’re the future, so you 7 Possible answers
should invest in us! Possible solutions include: a car-sharing scheme, in which
families with cars share rides with families who don’t; a bike
club, in which people with bikes agree to travel to and from
1 A present simple or can to talk about a hypothetical state/past
school together at the same time; a ‘study-from-home’ scheme,
simple (a hypothetical second conditional)
in which students are able to come to school less, and have
B present simple, to refer to present or future time and
online lessons or receive more homework.
repeated situations
C present simple, but the time referred to is a hypothetical
future 1 Possible answers
D present simple (a hypothetical first conditional)
The bottom left photo shows people riding Segways. These can
E past simple, to talk about a present wish
be useful because they’re slow and can go along little streets in
F past tense (or could) for a present or future ability
a city.
G past perfect (or would) to talk about a present situation that
we can’t change The bottom right photo shows peoples using a cycle rickshaw
H past perfect, to talk about a past situation you regret (or bike taxi). These are useful because the cyclist can take you
anywhere and can also explain about the places you are seeing.
2 1 had taken 2 would go 3 came 4 hadn’t chosen 5 finds
Other ways to see a city include walking on foot on a guided
3 Possible answers
walking tour or taking an open-top bus.
1 + present tense (e.g. I have to work)
2 + past perfect (e.g. had been) 2 Your opinion and why you have that opinion.
3 + present tense (e.g. you need it) 3 Possible answers
4 + present tense (e.g. the sales are still on) Pros: fun, relaxing, interesting, healthier, you see more, you can
5 + present tense (e.g. you don’t damage it) see and smell things, get the atmosphere, you can visit smaller
6 + present tense (e.g. go to Australia) areas that transport can’t get to, also doesn’t pollute the
4 1 could (You need the past form of the verb after wish to talk environment
about a present situation.) Cons: tiring, can be boring if you’re somewhere you don’t like,
2 unless (We need something here that means ‘if not’.) dangerous (if there’s a lot of traffic), unhealthy (air pollution)
3 provided (We need something here that means ‘only if’ and 4 Cons:
goes before that.) It can be boring and your legs ache.
4 if / when (The start of a simple conditional clause.) It’s very tiring.
5 case (part of the phrase in case)
Pros:
6 condition (part of the phrase on condition that)
You can enjoy the atmosphere in the streets.
7 had (using the past perfect form to talk about past regrets)
8 only (part of the phrase if only) It gives you more time to stop and look at things.
5 I’d definitely say that …
Frankly, I think that, …
1 They’re talking about a fancy dress zombie party that one of To be honest, I don’t understand (why/how) …
them went to. I’m absolutely convinced that …
2 1 What was the party like? (Asking for a description of 6 1 … this is just my opinion but
something.) 2 I’m absolutely convinced that
2 We all dressed up as zombies. (Describing an appearance or 3 To be honest, I don’t understand
a role.) 4 Frankly, I think that
5 I imagine

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Speaker B gives the best answer, using more than one 7 a city or town
expression and including several ideas. spent a day in with friends or family
Speaker A is also good and does back up ideas with personal Where is it?
experience. It would be nice to have a second expression from the What is it like?
box here because the speaker does feel quite strongly about it. What would you have done if you’d had more time there?
Speaker C gives a short answer and doesn’t demonstrate 9 Possible answers
enough language. As the student begins with I imagine… a
Hi or Dear Dan
second sentence could have started with I haven’t got much
experience of this but … . I’ve just read about …
7 Possible answers All the best./Hope that helps.
1 Yes, because it exposes you to other cultures 10 Model answer
2 With family because you can feel comfortable with them. Hi Dan,
With friends because you can have a good time. I’ve just read your letter, asking for people to tell you about cities
3 Some people prefer the peace and quiet of the countryside we have visited, and I would be delighted to tell you about my
and find cities too busy. experiences.
4 Sightseeing, visiting cultural places like museums, The city I visited was Vienna, which is the capital of Austria.
photographing famous landmarks. The reason I went there was because I have a relative who was
5 Yes, because otherwise you waste time, especially in a big city. getting married to an Austrian man, so I went there with lots of
It’s good to plan what you can do. family members. Luckily, I had the opportunity to see the city,
6 You can find out for yourself, but it’s quicker if local people too, and make the most of my time there.
introduce you to the interesting places that tourists don’t find. It really took my breath away. Vienna has a huge number of
8 Possible answers amazing buildings, and it’s difficult to stop taking photos of
For: cities usually have many things like museums and theatres, everything! In the centre, you can walk in small streets and it
which offer educational opportunities; students can learn doesn’t feel crowded, because there aren’t many cars, and it’s
more than simply by sitting in a classroom; students have the easy to suddenly find yourself in a quiet little square.
experience of travelling as part of a group and seeing a new The only thing I wish I’d done was to go to a café. Vienna is
environment. famous for having some of the best cakes in the world, and I
Against: many exhibitions or landmarks can be seen or can’t believe I didn’t have any!
experienced online; it often costs a lot of money; it takes away All the best,
valuable time from learning traditional school subjects. Vanessa
12 Possible answers
Students should make sure that they have used a greeting and
1 Possible answers
ending, in an appropriate style.
You will hear lots of people, possibly speaking different
Their emails should also introduce the topic in the first
languages. You might hear buskers, playing music on the street,
paragraph.
or the noise of different vehicles. You might see and be able to
taste or smell different food than you are used to. The weather Every paragraph should have its own separate, new point.
might also be different. It may feel much colder, wetter or
warmer than you are used to.
1 Possible answers
2 Speaker 1: the crowds of people
The zip on my jacket snapped while I was putting it on. I pinned
Speaker 2: the food stalls
the fabric together using safety pins, as I was late for the bus. It
Speaker 3: a fountain and the heat
worked, but I think it looked a bit weird!
Speaker 4: the noise from mopeds and car horns
2 The curved shape (the parabolic curve) of the Walkie Talkie
3 Liam and Sophia are good friends. They met up at the weekend. building combined with its reflective surface and directed
Sophia wants to know: sunlight and extreme heat into one concentrated area. This
1 what is Liam’s favourite city. meant excessive heat caused smoke and fires in a particular area.
2 what he did there. 3 A bicycle saddle caught fire; tiles cracked because of the heat;
3 was there anything he wishes he had had more time for. furniture started smoking; people couldn’t stand in the space
4 1 Hi Sophia, Bye for now! where the heat was being directed without discomfort; the light
2 It refers to the last time he saw her, and introduces the email reflected from the building was dazzling.
in a sociable way. 4 The solar physicist suggested that the building could be covered
3 Yes, he describes Segovia and where it is (north of Madrid). in a surface that scatters the light or that the windows could be
He says it’s ancient, beautiful (took my breath away, winding re-orientated (or re-positioned). In the end, the developers fitted
streets, stunning views over the countryside). He wishes he’d the building with shades to deflect the sunlight.
had the time to eat there.
5 Possible answer
5 caught a high-speed train
The developers could have draped a giant piece of material over
took my breath away one side of the Walkie Talkie building. However, I don’t think that
make the most of it would look very appealing. The curved face of the building could
lost track (of time) be re-built to make it straight, but this would probably be very
To tell you the truth expensive!
6 1 the light
2 any difference
3 charge
4 touch
5 my day
6 track
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5 1 (them) unless they arrive soon

2 ’d (had) been able to take the
1 Possible answers 3 (that) everybody tidies
I could find specific information, but I had some trouble in 4 only I hadn’t given you
understanding detail and ignoring ideas that looked similar. 5 in case it rains
One thing I could do is to practise reading the question more 6 tell me what it’s/it was
carefully, underlining key words and really understanding what it 7 on condition that you go
is I’m reading for, before I look in detail at a text. 8 is (very) like
2 Possible answers 6 There is a food festival in the town near where I live. It happens
I think this tip is useful. I’d give it 4. It sounds obvious, but it’s every year, and it takes place in the gardens near a large castle.
very important to know why I’m writing before I start. This really I went with my younger sister who really enjoyed it. She’s not
helps me plan things, and organise my ideas. I think it’s very very interested in food, but she loved exploring the castle, which
important to spend at least 10 minutes planning before writing was free to enter. Luckily, there were lots of fairground rides at
anything. It saves time later on. the festival, as well as lots of great places to try out food, so she
3 Possible answers could enjoy those while I explored all the delicious cakes and
1 I did quite well, but I didn’t always answer the questions in chocolate!
the task. The only problem was the weather. It was unusually cold for
2 I would like to organise my ideas more clearly, because this the time of year, and it even started to rain. I wish I’d gone the
makes it easier for the reader to understand what I want day before, because then I would have experienced beautiful
to say. sunshine.
3 I found the email most difficult to write, because I didn’t
spend enough time planning each paragraph.
4 I checked with my teacher, and in the Writing file at the back 1 1 needs 2 hadn’t been 3 hadn’t found out 4 could save
of the book. 5 weren’t 6 might have taken
4 Possible answers 2 1 moved 2 would have chosen 3 ’ll (will) have
One thing I will do to improve my reading skills is read a greater 4 might have known 5 doesn’t work out 6 could
variety of texts in English: websites, newspapers and magazine 7 find 8 leave
articles on subjects that interest me. 3 1F 2A 3C 4E 5D 6B
One thing I will do to improve my writing skills is to make sure I 4 1 provided that 2 don’t mind 3 took 4 hadn’t pulled down
spend time planning before I write anything. 5 won’t tell 6 could
5 1 would have invited you
2 wish I hadn’t rented/wish I wasn’t renting
3 in case it’s
4 if you hadn’t given
1 1 overcrowded 2 traffic signs 3 weather conditions
5 unless the residents complain
4 express 5 leisure centre/complex 6 secure 7 tourist spot
8 handy
2–3 1 sight 2 real 3 far 4 first sight 5 your mind 6 tears
4 1 lose your temper 2 pedestrian 3 subterranean
4 make an excuse 5 province 6 make up your mind
1 1 wouldn’t have gone

2 ’d (would)/could stay
3 could have shown
4 ’d (had) found, might not have moved
5 could live
6 ’d (had) seen
2 1 have (as part of the third conditional)
2 as (meaning ‘the role that something plays’)
3 on (part of the phrase on condition that)
4 unless (meaning ‘if not’)
5 like (meaning ‘similar to’)
6 provided (part of the phrase provided that)
7 ’d (had) (used after if only to express a regret)
8 wish (used to express a regret)
3 4.14
They didn’t like the cold
They liked the second-hand clothes stall, the atmosphere and
the music.
4 4.15
1 it hadn’t been so cold
2 she’d seen it first
3 she doesn’t ruin it
4 they could have sold them
5 it might sell well
6 it’s freezing cold again

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UNIT 5 A GOOD SPORT

6 Possible answers
Key points from the article include:
1 Possible answers
1 The photo at the top shows a game being watched on a Fans develop an attachment to a particular sport or team when
tablet. It’s possible now to watch sports live, or on catch-up as they about eight or nine years old.
long as you have a device with an internet connection. They talk about their team using words like ‘we’, and can even
2 The photo at the bottom shows a crowd of spectators feel part of a team’s success.
watching a live game. The fact that they are wearing similar When the team loses, fans often use words like ‘they’, distancing
colours indicates that they are all fans or supporters of a themselves from a lack of success.
particular team. Usually shy and quiet fans can become much more outgoing
2B when they watch their team play, especially when they do so as
3 1 B The part of the paragraph that should help students arrive part of a crowd.
at the correct option is: the sport or team a person decides People who are fans of one team might feel superior to fans of
to follow is largely influenced by their social circle rather a rival team.
than their personal participation in a sport. Fans might even wear special clothing, in the hope that it brings
4 2 A Clearly the fan was not personally involved in achieving their team luck.
either success, yet they choose to use the pronoun ‘we’ to 7 Possible answers
report their team’s performance. Fans’ use of ‘us’ and ‘we’ 1 A friend took me to see Inter Milan play A.C. Milan in the
to talk about their favourite team is common behaviour. San Siro stadium in Milan. Both these teams are big rivals of
It demonstrates the strong sense of identity fans feel with each other, and they were playing in one of the most famous
their club … stadiums in Italy. I’m not a fan of either team, and the actual
Options B, C and D are incorrect because it is followed by football match was quite slow and boring, but it was amazing
the word demonstrates, and a reference to teams, odd just to be there and watch the fans get excited and cheer
behaviour and sense of identity would not make sense. whenever their team did something right.
3 C However, research shows that this is not the case with 2 My friend Matthew is a big rugby fan. Whenever there’s a big
fiercely loyal or ‘true’ fans. They will carry on wearing their match on, he always dresses up in his favourite team’s clothes,
team scarf even when their team performs badly and will or makes sure he wears their colours. For important events, he
say with genuine sadness, ‘They beat us three nil’. even puts up a flag in his window at home!
For option A, the reference to something ‘genuine’ is a 3 I don’t think it’s true that the sports industry takes advantage
distraction as it implies ‘real’ feelings, but is only an example. of fans. Most fans are very happy to spend money on tickets,
For options B and D, there is no reference to mood being clothes, and so on, and they get a lot of enjoyment from
affected or to criticism of others. watching their favourite teams play. For fans like these,
4 D Someone who is usually shy and quiet can be seen shouting, supporting their team is an important part of their life.
screaming and jumping up and down while watching
their favourite team play. The effect of being in a crowd
of spectators enjoying the same activity allows people to 1 1 the to infinitive (to develop)
become less self-conscious and more confident. 2 object + infinitive without to (their team play)
Option A incorrect because there is no direct comparison in 3 object + to infinitive (people to become)
the text. B is incorrect because there is no indication that 4 the -ing form (achieving)
their behaviour is considered bad. C is incorrect because the 2 1 decide 2 advise 3 in order 4 interesting 5 enjoy
fans’ behaviour is not an indicator of stress, but a way of 3 Speaker 1: It’s a great way to develop social skills and leadership.
relieving it. It helps people feel confident working with other people.
5 A It’s a well-known fact that people define themselves in
Speaker 2: It’s important to build new friendship groups. We
terms of social groupings. In psychology, this is known as the
can learn to get on with people we might not necessarily get on
‘in group’ and ‘out group’ principle, and sports fans are no
with in other contexts.
different.
Speaker 3: talks about how cricket and Rugby League are very
Option B is incorrect because it is the writer who realises
important in Australia.
this, not the fans. C is incorrect because the text says the
opposite: that sport is no different from other activities. D Speaker 4: Team sports are good and help people make new
is incorrect because the text doesn’t say whether fans are friends, learn to communicate and have fun.
aware of any differences or similarities. Speaker 5: Team sports help people become more confident.
6 B Of course in reality it makes no difference what kind of They help people work better in a team.
hat you wear or whether you have your lucky coin, but 4 1 taking 2 to have 3 watching, playing 4 to make
superstitions are taken very seriously by sports fans and I for 5 to help
one would not like to try and persuade them otherwise! 5 1F 2D 3H 4C 5A
Option A is incorrect because ‘in reality it makes no 6 1 training 2 winning 3 heading 4 to point 5 wearing
difference’ and he does not comment on the potential 6 to have
benefits. C is incorrect because there is no indication of 7 1 having 2 to focus 3 to get 4 to prepare 5 feel
mockery in the text. D is incorrect because there is no 6 Gaining
implied criticism – just statements of fact.
5 1 yelling 2 boasting 3 nil 4 rival 5 relieve 6 superior
7 rooting for 8 jinxing

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8 Possible answers 5 A The only thing to beat that was when I met the world
1 Before taking an exam, there are lots of sensible things I do, champion drone racer when I was in Dubai.
like making sure I get enough sleep and revise as much as B Incorrect. He says that it was made more special because
possible. But I do some things which maybe aren’t sensible, his grandparents had flown in to watch him, but that this
too. I always have a bar of chocolate before I go into the exam was bettered by meeting the world champion.
room. I think it makes my brain work more quickly. And I never C Incorrect. He says he won’t forget picking up the
wear blue, because I don’t think it’s a lucky colour. And I’ve got trophy but that feeling was beaten by meeting the world
a lucky pen which I always take. I don’t use it for anything else champion.
– just exams. 6 B I … took my drone out despite it being very windy. Of course
2 If I think about it seriously, then most superstitions and rituals drones are pretty light and one strong gust blew it into a
are probably a waste of time. But the other way of looking at is tree trunk and it smashed … It was a good lesson to learn!
that if having a ritual helps you feel more relaxed and confident, A Incorrect. He says he ignored the advice he was given.
then why not do it? It probably won’t cause any harm. C Incorrect. He says he smashed his drone into a tree, but
doesn’t advise against flying them near trees.
7 C I think it’s a good idea to be part of some kind of group – like
1 an esports (electronic sports) tournament a club or an online racing community.
2 1 spectators 2 coordination 3 teamwork 4 championship A Incorrect. He says it’s not necessary to spend a fortune at
5 teammate 6 opponents 7 title 8 trophy the beginning.
3 1 prepare for 2 attract 3 involve 4 coordination B Incorrect. He says that it doesn’t take ages to become
5 compete for 6 trophy 7 defeat competent.
4 spectator, opponent, teammate, fan, viewers, teams, rival team 5 it was a bit of let-down – It was disappointing.
5 1 athletes 2 qualify 3 involves 4 opponent’s 5 win I was a natural – I was good at it straight away with little effort.
6 1C 2E 3A 4D 5B I was hooked – I was obsessed, I didn’t want to stop.
7 1B 2C 3B 4B 5A the stakes are higher – There is more to win or lose.
8 Possible answers it is addictive! – You can’t stop doing it. The more you do it, the
I play video games, and I enjoy them. I think it’s a good hobby. I more you want to do it.
agree that it takes a lot of skill to do esports, and you can learn to get the hang of it – To learn how to do something or become
a lot from doing them. I also agree that it’s fun to play esports good at it
against other people, and you can probably get a real feeling of 6 Possible answers
excitement. However, the problem for me is that playing esports Unusual sports could include parkour, futsal, archery, fencing, or
doesn’t encourage you to use your whole body in the way that circus arts.
traditional sports do. I’m also not sure that sitting for hours in Reasons why someone might want to take up an unusual sport
a chair, looking at a screen is very healthy for people’s bodies. might include that it offers an adrenalin rush, not many other
Lastly, I’d argue that traditional sports can encourage people people do it, it’s creative, or it helps to keep old traditions alive.
to play as part of a team, which I’m not sure is the case with
esports.
1 regret to inform (= I’m sorry to tell you.)
Did we tell you something before? (No, I’m telling you now in a
1 Drone racers wear a headset which is made up of goggles and a formal way.)
camera. The racers operate drones (often small radio-controlled
regret telling him (= I wish I hadn’t told him.)
aircraft) by remote control and race these around a track.
Did you tell him? (Yes.) How do you feel about it? (I’m sorry I
2 He got into it by chance as his dad bought him a remote
told him.)
controlled plane for his birthday instead of the skateboard he’d
tried to tell (= I couldn’t tell him.)
asked for.
Did you tell him? (No.) Did you succeed in telling him? (No.)
3 1 C … from that point on I was hooked.
Option A is wrong. Marc says, When I opened the parcel tried using (= I was able to use the key but it didn’t work.)
it was a bit of let-down, but I thought I’d better look Could you use the key? (Yes.) Did it open the door? (No.)
enthusiastic. Option B is also wrong. He says, Although forgot to tell (= I didn’t remember.)
I thought it would be tricky to get the hang of, I was a Did I tell you? (No.) Why not? (I didn’t remember to tell you.)
natural. forgot winning (= I always remembered)
4 2 B The goggles are linked up to a camera on the front of the Did you win the cup? (Yes.) Do you remember winning it now?
drone … so cameras on the drones are essential in order to (Yes – I’ll always remember it.)
see where you’re flying. go on to become (= will become in the future)
A Incorrect. Marc says they look as though they’re playing a
Is the footballer a coach now? (No.) What will he do next? (He’ll
video game.
become a coach.)
C Incorrect. He says they give you a bird’s-eye view.
go on playing (= continue playing)
3 C … there are always a few who don’t, … I’m sure they
impressed their friends … Do I play football now? (Yes.) Will I continue? (Yes, for as long
A Incorrect. Marc says most people do respect the rules. as possible.)
B Incorrect. He says that people impressed their school 2 She does freestyle football. She got into it after watching a
friends, not that they broke the rules. video clip of Ronaldinho doing it. Also she was getting injured
4 A I’d like to say I’ve got less nervous as time has gone on, but playing football so needed a new sport.
unfortunately the opposite is true. 3 1 to find 2 playing 3 watching 4 changing 5 to become
B Incorrect. He says he tries to find distractions to stop him 6 practise 7 think
worrying about the race. 4 1A 2C 3B
C Incorrect. He says that his teammates listen to music but
that he is still looking for a good technique.

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5 1 time we left/time to leave

2 ’d/would rather play sports than
3 ’d/had better wear 1 Suggested answers
4 regretted missing the training (session) Anywhere outdoors, in nature, for example a lake or a forest or
5 stopped playing for the team a mountain.
6 must not/mustn’t/should not/shouldn’t forget to bring Other ideas could include the cinema or a theatre, a sports hall,
6 Possible answers or simply the students’ own bedroom at home.
1 I remember playing football when I was very young. I was 2 Suggested answers
probably about six or seven, and it was in school. It wasn’t real both pictures: physical exercise, energetic, athletic, reduce stress,
football, of course. There were only about five people on each equipment
team, and we had to play in a big room inside the school. It picture A: fresh air, be outdoors, lonely, peaceful, calm and
was only later that we used to play outside. I’d rather play in a content, nice scenery
big field, on a big team, because it’s much more exciting. picture B: competitive, sociable, be indoors, social skills, friendships
2 I used to cycle a lot, and I had a really nice bike. Unfortunately, 3 B, D
I left it in the street outside my house, and when I returned,
4 physical exercise, fresh air, be indoors, reduce stress, nice scenery,
someone had stolen it. Since then, I haven’t been cycling. I
calm, competitive, sociable, social skills, energetic
hope I can get another bike in the future, because I really miss
it. If I get a new bike, I’d better buy a good lock too, because I’d 5 1 maybe, looks like
rather not lose it again! 2 probably
3 it seems
4 looks
2 The speakers mention: doing an exercise class, working out with 5 may not
friends, using a fitness gadget, looking at fitness magazines, 6 might
watching fitness DVDs 6 1 … the second photo shows a group of people playing
Speaker 1 is motivated by exercising with other people. volleyball maybe, in what looks like a school hall.
2 … the girl is doing her sport outside in the fresh air which is
Speaker 2 is motivated by seeing improvements in his fitness.
probably healthier than being indoors.
Speaker 3 is motivated by trying different things. 3 … I think her sport is good for reducing stress as it seems very
3 1 motivation 2 embarrassment 3 guidance relaxing.
4 improvements 5 commitment 6 concentration 4 She has nice scenery around her and she looks very calm and
4 1 -ion (motivate) 2 -ment (embarrass) 3 -ance (guide) content.
4 -ment (improve) 5 -ment (commit) 6 -ion (concentrate) 5 As they’re playing a game and want to win, they may not feel
5 The common sound is the schwa /ə/ as relaxed as the girl in the first photo.
motivation ˌ/məʊtɪˈveɪʃən/ 6 It’s very sociable and might improve their social skills as you
embarrassment /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/ need to work as part of a team.
guidance /ˈɡaɪdəns/ Point out that we can stress words like looks like, probably,
improvement /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ seems when we are speculating. If we do so, this emphasises to
the listener that what we are saying is only speculation.
commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/
7 Possible answers
concentration /kɒnsənˈtreɪʃən/
Student A: The first photo shows people using exercise bikes.
All the nouns in the explore vocabulary box contain the schwa
They are probably in a gym, and they might be taking some kind
/ə/ apart from design and trade.
of class. The second photo shows people playing a video game.
6 We know it’s an adjective because the gap comes before a noun. They’re holding games consoles, and they seem to be looking
We know that it needs to be negative because of the words and pointing at a screen. Both photos show people doing
you’ve been disappointed by. You wouldn’t be disappointed by something indoors. The people in the first photo are definitely
successful attempts to get fit. more energetic, and they are probably healthier because they
7 1 unmotivated – the clue that a negative is needed is in the are exercising their bodies more, whereas in the second photo,
word but the people are sitting down, but it looks like they are having
2 unsuccessful more fun.
3 unbelievably – the meaning of the word is ‘difficult to believe’ Student B: Both of these photos show people having fun, and
so it’s negative they are all outdoors in the fresh air. Whereas the first photo
4 undoubtedly – the meaning of the word is ‘without doubt’, so shows two friends just walking in what looks like a park, the
it needs a negative prefix. There is a possible answer using a second photo shows people in a much more athletic situation.
suffix (doubtless) with the same meaning. They might be taking part in some kind of competition. In the
5 misleading – the clue is that advertising can give the wrong first photo, the two people look relaxed. They’re probably talking
information, so it’s negative and laughing about something, and they don’t look like they are
6 impatient – the meaning is negative – we can’t wait to see in a hurry to get anywhere. In the second photo, the people are
improvement in fitness white-water rafting. They might be on a dangerous river, and it
7 unrealistic – we need a negative adjective because of not only might be important that they work together as a team. They
8 discourage – it has to be negative because the sentence is don’t look relaxed, but they look excited. They are probably using
saying that although the writer wouldn’t stop anyone from all their energy to try and beat another team.
using gadgets they would advise them to be careful

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8 Possible answer First of all, I love being outdoors, in fact I need it. It really gets
(For picture A) me down if I’m stuck inside all day. So fresh air makes me feel
I like being alone in the fresh air. I often come here for some healthy and more alive. When I’m studying hard, I often need to
peace and quiet. It’s nice to be outdoors on the river. There get up and move about a bit. I love going for walks in the park
is some great scenery here. Some people might feel lonely near our house, it really clears my head.
doing this, but I don’t, because I can often see lots of wildlife. Another thing is meeting up with friends. I often get together
It’s nice to be away from cars and people, and I get some with friends and we’ll kick a ball around or go to the beach and
physical exercise, too. I don’t do this sport because I want to be have a swim. We’re not into competitive sports, just having fun
competitive. I just do it to switch off and reduce stress. together. It always puts me in a good mood.
All in all, I think being fit and healthy is not just about doing
exercise, but also having a laugh with friends and spending
1 Suggested answers time outdoors.
Health and fitness means doing some regular exercise and eating 8 let me get something straight
well so that you don’t get ill, and you have enough strength and It really gets me down if I’m stuck inside all day.
energy to do things like run, ride a bike, climb hills, etc. When I’m studying hard, I often need to get up and move about
If you have a healthy body, it can reduce stress and make you a bit.
think more clearly. Doing exercise can also help you think more I love going for walks in the park near our house, it really clears
creatively, and work out problems faster. my head.
2 Suggested answers Another thing is meeting up with friends.
The photos show: someone listening to music; a range of fresh I often get together with friends and we’ll kick a ball around
fruit and vegetables; people checking something on social
We’re not into competitive sports, It always puts me in a
media; someone sleeping or having a nap.
good mood.
Listening to music can improve your mood, and can sometimes
but also having a laugh with friends
help you concentrate on work or studies.
9 1 get through 2 get together 3 gets down 4 get round to
Eating fresh fruit and vegetables helps you get the vitamins and
5 get back to 6 get up
nutrients you need to stay healthy.
10 The title The feel good factor works well as it gets your
Having friendships online can help you feel less lonely, and can
attention. It’s an interesting and short phrase. The fact that it
also be fun.
doesn’t explain exactly what the article is going to be about is
Making sure you have naps, or have enough sleep, keeps your good, as it makes the reader want to read on and find out.
brain fresh and alert, and allows your body to repair itself
Suggestions for other titles: What makes me feel good /
every day.
Why I exercise / What exercise means to me
3 Speaker 1: Listening to loud music and dancing makes him feel
Suggested answers
good, makes him feel more positive and happy.
going to the gym, being outdoors, having fresh air, going for
Speaker 2: Laughter makes her feel less stressed, increases blood
walks, meeting friends, going to the beach, having a swim,
flow, exercises muscles, improves creativity and memory.
listening to music, eating fresh good, getting enough sleep
Speaker 3: Eating fruit and vegetables is good for skin and hair,
11 If students want to see a model before they start to write,
makes you look and feel great.
refer them to the sample answer on page 169. There is a useful
Speaker 4: Getting enough sleep makes him feel less grumpy checklist there that they could also use to help them.
and healthier, improves memory.
12 Model answer
4 Possible answers
What makes me feel good
Other suggestions could include drinking lots of water, doing
There are many things that we can do to make ourselves feel fit.
sports, walking to school, using stairs instead of lifts, stretching
Everyone’s different, of course, but here are some of the things
or yoga/Pilates, fresh air, walking in the countryside, in forests or
that I do to try and keep healthy. Maybe you have the same
on the beach, etc.
ideas, too!
5 What kind of things you do
The first thing that I think is important is to make sure I eat lots
make you feel fit and healthy of fresh fruit and vegetables. They’re not always my favourite
why they make you feel good food. I love chocolate, for example! But I’ve noticed how bad I
6 1 He starts the article with a rhetorical question in order to get feel when I don’t get enough vitamins – especially in the winter,
the reader’s attention. Point out that this is a useful technique when it’s also freezing and there isn’t much sunlight.
for an article. Another thing I do which never fails to put me in a good mood is
2 The style is chatty and informal, which is interesting and to hang out with friends. It doesn’t matter what we do, as long
engaging for the reader. It involves the reader in Tom’s own as we’re together. We can be hanging around in a park or going
experiences. bowling – the important thing is that we’re together and having
3 He didn’t use paragraphs, which makes his article look badly fun. Spending time by myself just isn’t as good.
organised and more difficult for the reader to pick out the So, all in all, eating well, and hanging out with friends are the two
different points. main things that keep both my body and my mind feeling good.
7 The article should be divided up as follows. The underlined 14 Possible answers
words should have helped students identify paragraph breaks as
Things students could improve are including personal
well as a shift in focus/subject.
information, making a few jokes, including more idioms and
So what does health and fitness mean to me? Well, first of all let informal language and communicating directly to the reader.
me get something straight, I’m not one of those sporty types
that’s always at the gym. So for me feeling good is not about
being athletic and super fit, but about a combination of things.

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1 Suggested answers 1 1 to improve 2 playing 3 to have 4 telling 5 missing

I decided once that I would try climbing a mountain alone. It 6 practising
wasn’t a very high mountain, and it was popular with other 2 One boy is from the USA and the other is from the UK. The
walkers. The problem was that I did it alone, and I didn’t even tell American boy is surprised that the British boy has never been
anyone I was going to do it. to a baseball game before.
At the start, there were lots of other walkers, who were also 3 1 -ing 2 -ing 3 infinitive with to 4 infinitive without to
trying to get to the top, so I didn’t feel alone. But, at one point, 5 infinitive with to 6 -ing 7 -ing 8 infinitive with to
I saw a choice of paths. One looked quite easy, but the other 4 1 watching 2 playing 3 to find out 4 leave 5 to know
looked like it would get to the top more quickly and directly. So, I 6 reading 7 throwing, hitting, running 8 to cheer
thought that I’d rather take the short route. 5 1 being
Unfortunately, the path I had taken got steeper and rockier. 2 by
Worse, the weather suddenly changed, as it often does in the 3 Playing
mountains, because it’s so unpredictable. Clouds rolled in, and I 4 on
quickly became unable to see anything in front of me. The path I 5 how
was on also became extremely wet and slippery. 6 let
I was terrified, because I didn’t know where I was, and couldn’t 7 paying
see anything. Luckily, the weather changed again, and I decided 8 as
to go back down as carefully as I could, on the treacherous rocks. 6 1 did something else
I think I made a stupid decision, especially because I didn’t tell 2 went swimming
anyone where I was going. Anything could have happened to 3 we tidied up/to tidy up
me, and I’ll never do anything like that again. 4 bought a new one
3 Possible answers 5 hurry up
1 It’s longer, harder, with more technical and physical challenges 6 asked me first
than he’s had before. He doesn’t have experience in a race of 7 Possible answer
this difficulty. He is more anxious about it. The Fast Finishers Running Club is great for anyone who wants
2 Bad weather, rain, wet weather. It’s not easy to see. The surfaces to try running, but gets bored with running alone. It’s a great
on and off road will be wet and dangerous. way to get fit, practice running, and meet new people all at the
4 She isn’t sure if he should continue but follows along to look same time.
out for him. Obviously, she doesn’t want him to suffer, but Running is a great sport, which helps you build speed, stamina
also doesn’t want him to feel disappointed in not finishing and discipline. It doesn’t need any special equipment, and it’s
the race. a great way to stay healthy. It’s also something you can do
5 The race was one of the hardest things he’s done and he’s in almost any weather, and it gives you a good reason to get
exhausted, but he’s pleased to have done well and feels proud. outdoors!
Although he thought he would never do it again, he might Come along, and make sure you’re wearing a good pair of
come back and give it another go. running shoes. Wear anything you feel comfortable with, such
as shorts, a tracksuit, or a t-shirt.
4 Possible answers
In the Listening tasks, check the questions before listening, 1 1A 2C 3C 4A 5C 6A
and decide what you have to listen out for. Underline key words, 2 1 coming 2 to get 3 watching 4 playing 5 being 6 have
if possible. 7 to give 8 not to ask
Decide what the speaker is going to focus on before you listen. 3 1 B go 2 D to finish 3 A wear 4 F moved 5 C didn’t bring
Is it going to be feelings, opinions, or factual detail? 6 E enter
When speaking, try repeating the same task with a different 4 1 getting 2 to have 3 to wear 4 giving up 5 meeting
partner. This will help you focus on fluency, rather than thinking 6 to receive
about what to say.
Try to plan what you say before you say it, by writing down any
useful vocabulary or phrase you’d like to use.
1–2 5.14 & 5.15

1 irresponsible 2 impolite 3 dishonest 4 inexpensive
5 rearranged 6 nonverbal 7 unexpectedly 8 illogical
3 1 get through 2 got round to 3 count on 4 is getting, down
5 get together 6 knocked out 7 got up 8 get back to

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UNIT 6 VIEWPOINTS
7 Suggested answers
The film-makers made the programme more dramatic by
1 Possible answers
filming scenes through the eyes of the small animals. They used
The photo on page 78 shows a hawk (or bird of prey). These birds different filming techniques, e.g. tracking cameras, storyboards,
can fly at great speeds, and have extremely good eyesight, which and special effects to make detailed action sequences.
enables them to spot and then hunt small animals far beneath
8 Possible answers
them. Therefore, they are good at looking across huge distances.
1 Humans have a lot in common with certain animals. For
The photo on page 79 shows a dormouse. These small mammals example, humans often use other animals for food. Like all
live in high grass, or fields of wheat, and eats small berries, nuts animals, humans have a need to survive. This means that
and insects. Their view of the world is from the ground, seeing humans will do what is necessary to find food and shelter and
everything around them in close detail, and never having a wide will also feel the need to escape or hide when there is danger.
view of anything. 2 Answers could include: fierceness, forward planning, and the
2 Suggested answer belief that everyone and everything has special abilities.
How very small animals cope with life and the dangers from
large predators, and the particular skills that small animals have.
3 It was called Hidden Kingdoms, and it was about the life of small 1 1 be successfully shown 2 is captured 3 are said
creatures and their daily struggle for survival. 4 being filmed
4 1 F By the evening, however, (this contrasts with previous 2 No, because water-skiing was difficult, he kept on falling in.
sections about being out in the daytime) it is back in 3 1 were these photos taken (passive)
control. In the darkness, (this is a synonymous phrase for By 2 tried (active)
the evening) 3 was being picked up (passive)
5 2 D The sentence before the gap points out that the elephant 4 ’d (had) never been made (passive)
shrew cannot burrow to hide from danger. Sentence D 5 be helped (passive)
(Instead, it creates trails or pathways through the grass …) 6 get (active)
describes the alternative that exists for this mouse to stay 4 1 has never been done
hidden from danger. In the sentence after the gap, These 2 had been given
need to be kept clear at all times refers back to the trails or 3 had immediately started
pathways mentioned in D. 4 be taken
3 A The sentences before gap 3 mention the challenge 5 could see
presented by trying to show the animals’ point of view 5 Possible answer
while filming. Sentence A describes what was done to meet This is a photo of me at my cousin’s wedding about two months
that challenge: a certain amount of forward thinking and ago. I’m with my cousin here, and of course she’s wearing
planning. The sentence begins with So, showing that this is her wedding dress. The other people who can be seen in the
a result of the challenge. The sentence in place after the gap photo are my other cousins, my uncles and aunts, and my
describes the first step of this forward planning: Firstly the grandparents. The photo was taken in a garden, which is why
behaviour and life history of each individual animal had to there are so many flowers in the background. It was taken by
be researched. me – it’s a selfie. I like this photo because it was a really happy
4 E The sentence before the gap introduces the fact that the day. All my family were there, and it’s really rare that we all get
next step was to create storyboards. In E, These refers to together like this.
the storyboards and describes what they consisted of (a
series of step-by-step pictures showing a breakdown of
each animal’s behavioural habits). The sentence after the 1 1 A at B in C in
gap describes the result of having these storyboards, (The 2 A on B at C in
correct shots could then be filmed …). 3 A on B (up) on
5 G The sentence before the gap describes various filming 4 A on B at C in/by/near/beside
techniques used to convey the action in the TV series.
Suggested questions
Sentence G introduces another method (Another method
used was high-speed filming shown in slow motion) and What expression do you usually use in your selfies?
explains what that is and how it is done. In the sentence Do you usually take selfies with other people?
after the gap (This meant that an ‘action scene’ of a few 2 A record of seven years’ of a boy’s life shown in selfies.
seconds could be shown in much greater detail) refers to the Over 2,550 photos were taken.
use of high-speed filming shown in slow motion and shows 3 1 on a daily basis
its effects. 2 stick at, keep up the momentum
6 B The sentence before gap 6 summarises the result of the 3 speeded up, accelerated
various filming techniques in producing an amazing series, 4 occasionally
portraying the intense and pressured lifestyle of smaller 5 throughout
animals. In sentence B, these tiny creatures refers back to 4 Possible answers
smaller animals, and while watching refers to the amazing I’d love to take a time-lapse video. I’d like to make one with my
series. The sentence goes on to describe what we generally brothers and my parents. I think it would be a really interesting
learn from watching this series. The sentence after the gap thing, to show how people change over time. I’d love to watch
continues talking aout what else we generally learn from it when I’m older, and see how I changed from being young, to
watching it (we are also forced to consider…). being old.
6 1 C 2 J 3 H 4 A 5 E 6 I 7 B 8 F 9 G 10 D

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5 1 in the middle of doing something = be busy doing something; 6 oceans: What was really impressive was when all the oceans
on the point of doing something = be about to do something were lit up … which showed very clearly just how much of our
very soon planet is taken up by them!
2 on time = at the correct time or the time that was arranged; 7 fantasy: Tolkien spent hours developing his maps in detail and
in time = do something earlier than necessary; in good time = they really brought his fantasy alive …
much earlier than necessary; running late = later than expected 8 town: My plan is to create an interactive map of my home
3 at the last minute = just before it is too late; sooner or later = town …
when something is certain to happen but it is not sure when; 9 explorers: … resources that map-makers in the past didn’t
in no time at all = very quickly or soon have! They were dependent on explorers for most of their data.
6 1 on 2 by the 3 running 4 at the last minute 10 information: Maps are particularly useful because they can
5 on the point of 6 in good time/on time communicate a huge amount of information …
7 Possible answers 5 Students can do the matching exercise in pairs. If they want to
1 I try to write down important dates and times in a diary, hear the words used in context, either play the recording again
so I know what I need to do. I’m usually on time for things, or refer them to the Audioscript on page 180.
because I don’t like to run late. 1C 2D 3E 4A 5F 6B
2 I don’t like arriving late for things, because it makes me feel 6 Possible answers
stressed, and it can be rude. If possible, I try to turn up in good 1 It’s probably not very important these days for most people
time, usually much earlier than anyone else. to be able to read a traditional paper map. But it’s very
3 I think it’s rude to keep people waiting, especially if they don’t important for people to be able to use digital maps, and find
tell anyone that they are going to be late. out the information they need.
2 If you’re going somewhere where there isn’t much internet
access, for example a mountain or a forest, then it’s definitely
1 Possible answers useful to have a paper map.
I use the map on my phone all the time. It’s great for searching 3 Satellite mapping has made maps seem more ‘real’. We can
for things like shops or cafés. I just type in something I want to now see individual streets and buildings in great detail. For
find, and the map shows me where it is. It also shows me how example, if someone wants to check how to get to a place,
long it will take to get there, and the best way to do it. they can look online and see what the place really looks like,
2 atlas: a book containing maps, especially of the whole world. and not only how they can get there.
Used mainly to learn about the geographical position of other
countries.
globe: a round object with the map of the Earth drawn on it. 1 2 passive 3 have something done 4 get something done
Use: as above. However, it gives a more true-to-life view of the 5 passive (with modal)
Earth as a spherical object. 2 ✓ do the posters, Musicians from school
Google Earth: an online resource whereby you can find places ✗ Radio station advertising, Other musicians, Chairs, etc. in
anywhere in the world through the help of GPS and satellite school hall, Sell tickets
navigation. 3 2 has had tattoos done
navigational charts: maps that are especially drawn for sailors 3 getting /having your hair dyed
and people who using the sea for trading purposes. 4 needs to be done /needs doing
road/metro (underground) map: map of the road system or the 5 got someone to look after
underground system that helps people to find their way from 4 are having the books delivered
A to B. 5 1 must get the concert (get something done)
topographical map: a map that shows features of the natural 2 ought to be booked (passive)
landscape such as hills, rivers, cliffs, etc. Useful for walkers 3 we were being supported financially/funded (passive)
and other people who need to know more details about the 4 were advised to have/get (passive)
environment. 5 the team do (have somebody do something)
digital map / Google maps: maps that are available on the 6 is included in the (passive)
internet which you can access from your smartphone or other
electronic devices. Very useful for finding your way around a
strange place or if someone asks you the way in the street 11 verb to noun = variety
2 noun to adjective = mysterious
3 globe, digital map, Google Earth
3 noun to adjective = behavioural
4 It’s likely to be borders, since the sentence has already talked
4 noun to adjective = suspicious
about maps and countries.
5 adjective to adverb = enthusiastically
1 borders: He also produced maps that had no borders between
6 noun to adjective = tracking
countries.
7 noun to adjective = passionate
2 pictures: people used to draw pictures of things they thought
8 verb to plural noun = inhabitants
were in a particular spot
21 confident
3 sea monsters: the so-called mythical maps, had … sea
2 passionate
monsters for things like hidden rocks in the sea that might
3 environmental
cause accidents.
4 accidentally
4 flat: I thought it was funny that some of them showed the
5 dramatically
world which they thought was flat.
5 a globe: I could have spent a long time in front of a globe …
I wasn’t expecting to see something like that in the map
exhibition and everyone seemed fascinated by it!

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3 1 verb to adjective = fascinating 7 Possible answer

2 adjective to noun = height A: So then, which do you think are the most useful? Which
3 adjective to noun = length two items?
4 noun to adverb = accidentally B: In my opinion, mobile phones are the most useful. We can
5 noun to noun = environmentalist do so many things with them, as long as we have an internet
6 adjective to adverb = happily connection. What do you think?
7 veryb to noun = failure A: I agree with you on that. How about the other thing? I
8 noun to adverb = optimistically actually think reference books are useful.
4 Possible answers B: OK, but laptops are more useful because we can’t type, or
What we can learn: where the animals are, how to retrieve them create files without laptops. We can’t find information online,
if lost, how to identify who they belong to or watch TV, for example.
Possible disadvantages: owners might think it hurts the animals; A: I can see what you’re saying. OK, so let’s make a decision on
the tagging could be expensive this. Which are more useful – reference books or laptops?
B: I would say laptops. So, we’ll go with mobile phones and
laptops.
1 Possible answers 8 Possible answer
All the things would be useful for finding out directions, or supporting the statement: people are addicted to checking their
where to go. The map and the Sat-Nav/smartphone are emails or texts; we spend too much time looking at screens; we
especially useful for finding out how to get somewhere. The use our phones for everything – from taking photos to waking us
guidebooks are especially useful for researching a holiday up in the morning
destination before arriving there. All are useful if you find opposing the statement: smartphones are just tools, and it’s up
yourself lost in a new place, although the guidebooks might to us how we use them; they help us to achieve goals and find
have limited information in the form of detailed maps. information; they improve our lives by making it easier to contact
2 Possible answers other people and stay up-to-date with what’s happening
a city guide: gives useful information about restaurants, etc., can
get out of date quickly, can be annoying to carry around
1 Possible answers
a smartphone: easy to carry, very practical, difficult to use when
1 I normally try to understand someone’s point of view and
there is no internet, may be expensive to use mobile internet
reach an agreement. Sometimes, it’s impossible though, and I
abroad
end up trying to argue with them.
a globe: gives a good idea of the world, not useful for details 2 Social media makes it easy for people to post things online.
about a city, impractical to carry around Sometimes, these things have a particular viewpoint about a
a history book: interesting to provide context and background subject, and shows what a person thinks about it. If I disagree
information, not very practical for modern cities, can be with what someone has posted, I usually just ignore it. But
impractical to carry around if I strongly disagree with someone’s viewpoints, then I can
Google Earth: very up-to-date, useful for finding out about places block them.
before you go there, difficult to use when there is no internet 2 Possible answers
3 They decide the smartphone and the city guide are the most I like the first one best. The good thing about the internet is that
helpful. it really is possible to connect with people from all around the
5 a) I don’t think X is so useful, do you? world, and then, you find out how similar we all are, and how
I think Y is definitely less useful than X because … much we can learn from each other.
I wouldn’t really use Z when … 3 Possible answers
b) So, let’s make up our minds about this. family relationships, generation difficulties, social media, ways of
What do you think? making up with someone
OK, so we’ll go with X and Y. 4 The third point is on the subject of family relationships,
6 Possible answer specifically parents objecting to what their children wear.
A: So, let’s think about which ones are useful in everyday life, 5 staging: Firstly, Secondly, Finally, In conclusion
and why. Mobile phones – in my opinion, these are useful for expressing opinion: in my opinion
just about everything, from sending texts to checking maps giving examples: For example
or taking photos. referring to sub-topics: with reference to
B: You’re right. They’re definitely useful. I don’t think reference
6 1 Present tenses are mainly used, along with modals (can, may,
books are so useful, do you? I mean, most of the information I
will) because it’s a discussion about a general situation. One
get is online. I wouldn’t really use reference books.
passive form (trust is built up) is used.
A: You might be right. But I have a lot of reference books at
2 Phrasal verbs: come across, talk things through, work it out
home, and I use them all the time. What do you think about
laptops, though? We need them for work, for studying. Collocations: basic issues, bad habits, learning process,
B: Yes, they’re more useful than television, I think. positive outcome, family life, differences of opinion, achieve a
A: You’re right. And how about cameras? Are they actually compromise
useful? 3 The sentence structure is mainly complex: Whatever the
B: They are, but you can find cameras on mobile phones. Having problem, whether it is about your attitude or your bad habits,
an actual, expensive camera as a separate piece of equipment it’s a good idea to talk things through in person rather than
isn’t so useful, I don’t think. sending a text message. For variety, some shorter sentences
are used, e.g. Sometimes, they may even be right.
4 There is a nice introduction. There is a clear paragraph for
each point and a conclusion.

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7 Possible third points include: art, politics, films, books or sport.

Students should be encouraged to choose a topic that they feel
comfortable discussing. 2 Possible answers
8 Most of us encounter different opinions, and this is a good thing. Extra ideas could include the following.
If we didn’t come across viewpoints other than our own, not Arranging times to speak in English to a friend (e.g. after school,
only would the world be a more boring place, but we’d also risk during break time, in the evenings, at coffee bars, etc.).
never learning new things. Trying to ‘think’ in English (e.g. talking to yourself in English or
Firstly, it would be dull if we all had the same tastes in fashion. write notes or a diary when you would normally write in your
It’s nice to walk down a street and see so many people wearing own language).
different things. In my view, when people wear uniforms, for 3 Possible answers
example in the army, they cannot express their own identity. 1 If I make a mistake with grammar, I’m going to check in the
Secondly, it’s good that people have different tastes in music. Grammar file. If I can’t find the answer there, I will ask the
Generally speaking, I don’t like a lot of music that my friends do, teacher.
but that’s fine. It makes it more special when I find someone 2 When the teacher gives me feedback on my written work, I’m
who likes the same bands as me. going to spend some time reading the feedback. I’ll review the
Finally, the world would be more boring if we all liked the same feedback before the next writing task.
sports. We would never be able to try anything new, or develop 3 When I write something, I’m going to check it again, and see
different skills if there were only a few to choose from. if I keep on using the same words over and over again. If I do, I
will try to find new words or phrases I could use instead.
In conclusion, if everyone had the same views, we wouldn’t be
individuals. Moreover, we would never be tempted to experience
new things.
9 Possible answers
The word order in this sentence might be wrong. 11 poisonous
Try to use more linking phrases. 2 survival strategies
I don’t understand this idea. 3 blur
Start a new paragraph here. 4 sequence
5 expand
10 Remind students that there is a sample answer on page 165,
6 combination
and they should look at this when correcting their essay.
Encourage students to make sure their argument is coherent 21 on a daily basis
and leads clearly to their conclusion. Their points should not be 2 on the point of
difficult to follow, and all their ideas should be relevant. 3 Sooner or later
4 in the middle of
5 at the last minute
1 Possible answers 6 running late
1 Examples include Darth Vader, Robocop and Iron Man. 7 in no time
2 leg: the ability to run very fast or jump very high 31 strengthen
ear: the ability to listen to things which are very far away, or 2 daily
even to record sounds and play them back 3 confidence
4 environmental
hand: the ability to move your fingers extremely fast
5 educator
eye: the ability to see in the dark, or to zoom in on objects 6 height
which are far away
2 Rob is a documentary filmmaker and he has a camera inside
his eye. 1 1 been seen 2 have taken 3 are said 4 will be held
3 1 The other people also have bionic body parts, such as bionic 5 we hadn’t been told 6 were being warned
legs or arms. 2 1 be made 2 is shown 3 to be hooked
2 The perspective that Rob captures is that of a human because 4 are being/are filmed 5 have often been helped
the camera is positioned in his eye. 6 was/was being approached 7 was/got bitten 8 are said
3 The two aspects that make this perspective very realistic are: 3 1 needs 2 had 3 got 4 need 5 having 6 get
a) the camera eye can track movement; and b) it can record
4 1 to blow up 20 balloons
blinking.
2 make lots of little sandwiches and baby pizzas
4 Suggested answers 3 made by Ben, and the house decorated by Sally
Yes: He can get away with increasingly discreet filming in more 4 need buying
places because his equipment is not obvious, whereas the rest of 5 had her hair done
us would be asked to put our phones or cameras away. 6 needs doing
No: Everybody has a camera now, so our technology will improve 5 1 been 2 will 3 are 4 have 5 being 6 if 7 more 8 to
at the same rate as his, if not faster because there’s a mass
market for our technology, whereas he is one individual.

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6 Suggested answer
I used to think we had too much homework to do and too much
schoolwork generally, but my opinion was changed when I
watched a programme on television about Japanese high-school
students. The amount of studying they had to do was incredible!
A lot of them had to get up really early, at around six or six-thirty
and after school, they would go on to a private school where
they would study for university entrance exams. Then, after that,
they’d spend a couple of hours in the library, sometimes until
really late in the evening! Well, my friends haven’t heard me
complaining any more since I saw that programme!
1 1 were illegally released

2 has, been wiped out/has been, wiped out
3 should be completed
4 are given
5 must be visited
6 are spotted/have been spotted
2 1 she’s (has) finished
2 is said to be
3 was given to
4 hasn’t (has not) been heard of
5 must be completed
3 1 were shown 2 had been seen 3 were asked to
4 was made 5 be asked
4 1 needs investigating
2 get researchers to find out/have researchers find out
3 get them to identify/have them identify
4 get the research started
5 get a saliva sample taken/have a saliva sample taken
6 get all your doubts and questions solved/have all your doubts
and questions solved
7 get it done/have it done

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UNIT 7 THE FULL STORY

1 Possible answers 1 1 A We imagined all sorts of reasons for our friend’s behaviour.
The photo illustrates horror or fantasy stories. B Something might catch my/our attention.
I like horror and fantasy stories, because I enjoy being scared, or C Your brain is inventing stories to try and make sense of
reading about other worlds, or characters that can do fantastic a situation.
things. I’m not really into love stories, because they’re usually 2 It usually shifts back a tense. It doesn’t after the past perfect
very predictable. They always have the same kind of story, and or would, could, might. It also doesn’t shift back when we are
it’s easy to work out what happens in the end. talking about facts that are still true.
2 Suggested answers 3 Pronouns and time and place words, e.g. tonight → that night,
an unexpected ending, fast action, good dialogue, good we → they
description 4 Questions which take yes or no as answers.
3 1C 2D 3B 4A 2 There’s been a fire at a local book shop.
4 relatives = parents, grandparents, brothers, sisters, etc. 3 1 had destroyed the
experiences = what happened or what they did 2 had been
1 C I love hearing stories at home about what life was like in the 3 if he could
past for my grandparents … 4 if John had seen the shop that
2 D … it’s how we share events in our lives with those around us 5 had seen/had walked past, it was/is
(relates to our life experiences) 6 had written, was called
3 A But for me, horror stories are not only fun … (relates to 4 1 I asked (him) when he had written his first story.
appreciates the entertainment value) 2 I wanted to know if the book had been difficult to write.
4 D their brain is inventing stories to try and make sense of a 3 I asked him why he liked/likes writing.
situation (relates to someone acts in a certain way) 4 I wanted to know if he was going to write another bestseller.
5 C l just have a different choice of reading material. Instead of a 5 I asked if he thought anybody could/can write a good story.
novel I would always choose books about planets or space … 6 Then he asked me if I would recommend his book to my friends.
(relates to more about facts than fiction) 5 1 us 2 past/previous/last 3 had 4 following 5 are/were
6 A Sometimes they don’t even make sense but they don’t have 6 been 7 why 8 they 9 told 10 that
to (relates to isn’t sure all stories need to have …) 6 Possible answers
7 B However, if that information is delivered in the form of a 1 There are many adult writers who can write for younger
story with memorable facts or interesting characters, the people, such as J.K. Rowling. But it takes a lot of skill for adults
brain can deal with it (relates to engage with facts more not to sound patronising, or like they’re trying to be ‘cool’.
easily …) 2 Examples can include books by Patrick Ness, Philip Pullman,
8 D I try to show them that we often create stories without Judy Blume and Suzanne Collins. Older books could include
realising … (relates to natural ability to invent stories) those written by Harper Lee, J.R.R. Tolkien or Sue Townsend.
9 A they’re also the best way to switch off from my social media
posts (relates to instead of spending time online)
10 C I know the covers looked good … (relates to appeared 1 1 illustrations 2 paperback 3 passage 4 publisher 5 print
attractive) 6 novel 7 ending 8 series 9 e-book
5 1 spooky 2 make-believe 3 delivered 4 memorable 2 Possible answers
5 appeal 6 daydream 7 realising 8 genuinely 1 I prefer paperbacks. I just prefer to touch, and even smell, the
6 Possible answers paper! And afterwards, I can put it on a shelf and remember
Text A: This person loves horror stories, although other people that I’ve read it.
can’t understand why. She/He suggests it’s because they are fun 2 Illustrations aren’t very important to me. They are more
and allow her/him to escape from the ‘real world’. She/He finds useful in children’s books, to make it easier for children to
them scary, even though he knows they are just stories. She/He understand what’s happening, or what things look like.
ends by saying that getting lost in a story is a great way to relax. 3 The last TV series I watched was Game of Thrones. It was also
a series of books, but I haven’t read them yet.
I agree with this point of view. I often get caught up in films
which are scary or very exciting, even though I know that what 3 A machine that distributes stories.
I’m watching isn’t real at all. Stories are a good way to escape 4 Possible answers
problems and forget about things, even if it’s only for a few hours. It’s a nice idea, for people who love reading. And it’s a great way
7 Possible answers to encourage people to read the work of new writers. I’m just
1 There is so much to read online that sometimes, I’ve become a bit worried that it uses up a lot of paper. I’m sure people just
used to just looking at things quickly, and going quickly from throw the paper away after their journey, which is a waste.
one webpage to the next. I’ve definitely noticed that it’s more 5 Possible answers
difficult for me to get used to reading a book, where I have complicated plot (a story that is difficult to understand/
to concentrate on one page at a time. Spending time online complex/has lots happening in it)
hasn’t stopped me reading books, but it’s made me read in a final scene (the last part that you see or read)
different way. happy ending (a positive ending, or one that makes us feel happy)
2 The last story I read was a book I read for my little sister. It
main character (the most important person in a story)
was a funny children’s book about some fruit which came alive
in a kitchen in the middle of the night, and started a party! rave reviews (very good comments from the public or critics)
3 If I see someone interesting in a café or in the street, who special effects (an unusual image or sound that has been
looks like they might be really happy or upset, then I often produced artificially for a film)
imagine why they might be feeling like that. unexpected twist (a sudden event in a story that surprises us)
weak storyline (a story that doesn’t work well or hold our interest)
lOMoARcPSD|11156118
6 Possible answers 3 B My agent then offered to go through the reviews for me.
1 … is one where the hero learns something, and becomes a And that’s what we’ve done ever since. I never go online to
better person. read reviews.
2 … someone we can identify with and look up to. A Incorrect: He talks about the reviews of the film, not his
3 … a problem because film-makers use them too much instead acting skills
of focusing on storytelling. C Incorrect: He doesn’t read any reviews
4 … I like not knowing what’s going to happen next. 4 C Another criticism is that the 3D effects sometimes make it
7 1 figure out 2 cheer up 3 leave out 4 go for 5 fall for difficult to concentrate on the story itself.
6 give in 7 look up 8 take in A Incorrect: Most people will see it once, but there’s no
8 1 figure out 2 leave out 3 cheer up 4 take in/figure out mention of whether attendance was expected
5 fall for 6 give in B Incorrect: People may not be interested in paying extra
9 Possible answers for 3D but it doesn’t say it’s too expensive
1 I’d probably go for a love story. I don’t like violence in films. I 5 A … we’ll be studying audio, in particular, how a soundtrack
like films which cheer me up, and have a happy ending. can bring a film alive.
2 I’ll usually talk to my teacher if I need help figuring B Incorrect: She talks about developing character, but not
something out. the advantages of exploiting different techniques
3 If my friends want to go out somewhere, and I’m feeling tired C Incorrect: She mentions a well-written script but not the
or I have too much homework to do, then I’ll usually give in. positive aspects of writing scripts
The main reason is because I don’t want to be left out, and be 6 C My phone company’s sent me a two for one offer to go to
the only one sitting at home while everyone else is having fun. the cinema this evening. . . I thought you could go with your
cousin if you want.
A Incorrect: She’s out with Sarah, not inviting him
1 Possible answers B Incorrect: she’s not recommending the film – she says it’s
not her thing, but he might enjoy it
Types of film: drama, thriller, cartoon, romance, horror,
7 B I think she wanted to watch a comedy anyway, . . . I went
blockbuster, action, mystery, fantasy, sci-fi.
with my sister’s choice just to annoy him!
Possible feelings: tense, nervous, amused, cheerful, scared, A Incorrect: Jake suggested this but they didn’t watch it
excited, confused, sad, bored. C Incorrect: Jake said he didn’t want to watch a horror film –
2 Possible answers it gave him nightmares
I usually pay more attention to friends’ opinions than online 8 A Thankfully, it has all turned out well. However, I do
reviews, because my friends know what kind of film I like, and we acknowledge that my success has mainly been due to being
share similar tastes. I don’t care so much about special effects, in the right place at the right time.
or who is in the film, because I’m more interested in the story B Incorrect: He’s not annoyed – he could see their point.
and what happens. C Incorrect: He understood his parents’ worries, but doesn’t
3 A 2 I was a bit apprehensive about watching the film version of say he was concerned himself about them
the book … 7 Possible answers
B 5 Having spent some time on visual elements of a film, we’ll be 1 I’m happy to pay more to see a big blockbuster film in 3D.
studying audio, … Usually, it makes the film come alive, and you really feel like
C 1 A: And the lead actor was brilliant, he really made me laugh you’re there in the action.
out loud at times. 2 I prefer watching films at home. Whenever I go to the cinema,
B: I think the whole cinema heard you! I get annoyed by other people arriving late, or making noises,
D 6 My phone company’s sent me a two for one offer to go to or eating smelly food. I also don’t like having to sit through 30
the cinema this evening … minutes of adverts before the film even starts.
E 4 … but are not interested in paying extra for the special 3 Possible ideas include:
effects on a regular basis … • Films will be interactive, so you feel as though you’re in
F 3 I never go online to read reviews … the film.
G 8 In fact, even my drama teacher advised me to delay my • You can change the visual aspect of the scene and see it
acting career until after university. from different angles.
H 7 To be honest, I’d have preferred that kind of film, but I went • You can choose a character and follow them through
with my sister’s choice just to annoy him! the film.
4 Situation: a conversation about a film
The speakers: two friends
Focus: what they agree about 1 A admit, agree, deny, persuade, promise, recommend, remind,
threaten
6 1 B Girl: he really made me laugh out loud at times. Boy: I must
B agree, promise, refuse, threaten
admit I did think there were some great comic moments.
C encourage, invite, persuade, recommend, remind
A Incorrect: The boy says that he’d guessed what would
D admit, deny, recommend
happen and it was predictable. The girl doesn’t agree
E agree (with someone on/about), boast (about), congratulate
C Incorrect: The girl says the main actor was brilliant and
(someone on), insist (on)
the main stars were convincing. The boy doesn’t agree.
2 C So I guess I was ready to be disappointed. I know film 2 1 not to tell 2 seeing 3 to switch off 4 booking 5 to meet
adaptations of books can be a let-down. However, contrary 6 to take up
to all my expectations, it was very true to the book. 3 Possible answers
A Incorrect: she was apprehensive about seeing the film I’ve agreed to help my friend with his homework tomorrow.
after reading the book My brother denied breaking my smartphone.
B Incorrect: She says it took time to get used to the My teacher encouraged me to learn more about reporting verbs.
characters, but not that she was disappointed

lOMoARcPSD|11156118
5 1 that (the only word which can follow the reporting verb 3 They both use expressions to express agreement and
suggested) disagreement. The boy uses questions to show disagreement
2 him (We need an object after the reporting verb persuaded.) and he also to includes the girl in the discussion. His intonation
3 about (the dependent preposition which follows forget) sounds much friendlier.
4 on (the dependent preposition which follows the reporting I completely agree that it’s good for keeping in touch with people,
verb congratulate someone) but do you really think we learn what’s happening …? Wouldn’t
5 who/that/to (This is the start of a relative clause.) you agree that …?
6 be (part of a passive construction) 4 1 completely agree
7 into (part of the phrasal verb turn into) 2 do you really think
8 his (We need a possessive pronoun here.) 3 Wouldn’t you agree that
6 Possible answers 4 have to admit, you have a point
1 They insist on me cleaning my room once a week, and helping 5 Possible answers
to tidy up around the house at weekends. 1 A: I think there are more people posting online.
2 I often warn my brother not to borrow my things without B: I couldn’t agree more. I guess most people now think that
asking! if they’re not online, then they’re missing out.
3 The last time I said sorry was yesterday. I was apologising to 2 A: I think children can start using social media as soon as
my mother for breaking something in the kitchen. they like. It’s a great way to meet new friends, and find out
4 When was the last time you offered to help someone? Have about the world.
you ever refused to do something? B: I’m not sure I agree. I think the limit should be 16. I don’t
think teenagers should be allowed to have their own social
media profile before that.
2 Text 1: It’s from a friend called Amy. She’s sent it because she’s 3 A: I don’t personally use social media for more than a few
just got a TV role. minutes at a time, so I don’t think it’s a problem for most
Text 2: It’s from the boy’s mum reminding him not to be late for people.
a meal at his aunt’s house B: Yes, you’re absolutely right. But don’t you think that over a
3 1 at a guess 2 by email 3 in general 4 for sure whole day, people spend hours checking photos and posts
5 on our way online?
5 The article is about a new style of documentary in which people’s 4 A: I think it’s important to get information from a lot of
digital activity (texts, photos, posts, etc.) is shown to an audience. sources, not just social media.
6 1 B (dedicated is the only word that can be followed by to -ing) B: I couldn’t agree more. People can post what they like
2 A (aware is usually followed by of) on social media, so you can’t exactly trust it to be 100%
3 B (involved is followed by in) accurate or honest.
4 D (limited is followed by to) 5 A: I think most teenagers like watching films or TV shows. I
5 A (the phrase is on screen – none of the other prepositions can expect a lot of teenagers like reading, too.
complete the phrase) B: I think so, too. But also, podcasts are becoming more
6 C (the phrase is in person) common. And video games are actually a good way to
7 D (respectful is followed by of) experience different types of story.
8 B (horrified is followed by at or by) 6 A: I liked listening to my grandparents’ stories when I was
9 C (addicted is followed by to) younger, and I learned a lot from them about how things
7 Possible answer were in the past. I’m not sure they learned anything from
me, though.
I wouldn’t like to take part in a documentary like this. Most of
B: Maybe, but isn’t it true that older people can learn a lot
my text messages and tweets aren’t in any way interesting!
from younger people, too? Like about new films, fashions,
And I really wouldn’t like my pictures to be shown to everyone.
or about what young people are going through these days?
I don’t share my photos or posts with many people, and I
wouldn’t like complete strangers to comment on everything I’ve 6 Possible answers
ever written or posted. Also, people only post things on social Group A: Some celebrities might feel that the press is too
media when something nice has happened – they don’t put intrusive and that they have no privacy. They might
bad experiences online. This makes it look as though their lives also feel that stories are written about them simply
don’t have any problems, but really they do. So I don’t see how a to sell more newspapers, rather than to report what
documentary like this could really be ‘honest’. is honestly happening.
Group B: Journalists might feel that the public wants to hear
about celebrities, and that their role is to give the
1 Possible answers public what they want. Whether or not the stories
1 Photos like this would be found on social-networking sites are completely accurate is besides the point. They
such as Facebook or Instagram. might also feel that celebrities want the publicity,
2 The comments in blue are what the person posting the photo and so journalists are really doing celebrities a favour.
wrote for everyone to see. The thought bubbles show what one Group C: Members of the public might feel that celebrity
of the people in the photo might have really been thinking. stories are exciting and interesting, and make a
change from more serious news topics. They might
2 The girl sounds better because she is more polite and friendly
also feel that celebrities are part of a fictional world
and tries to include the boy in the conversation by saying ‘what
anyway, and it doesn’t really matter that stories
do you think?’ She also accepts his opinion ‘I have to admit you
about them are true or not.
have a point’. The boy sounds a bit rude and direct. He’s not
really interacting with the girl and just says what he thinks in a
direct manner.

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11 Model answer
The dark old house
1 Possible answers
1 He is sitting on a bike and seems to be using his phone. He He had warned me that it would be dangerous, but I didn’t
might be texting someone. believe him. It was just a dark old house with no-one inside. How
2 The boy might have been waiting for a friend to arrive, but dangerous could it be to have a look inside?
who hasn’t turned up. I had always wanted to go inside the house. I had never seen
3 He might be feeling anxious or sad, and is now texting his anyone go in or out, and all the windows and doors had been
friend to find out what happened. locked and boarded up a long time ago. People sometimes said
3 Possible answers that they had seen mysterious lights moving inside the house,
but I hadn’t.
The main characters are the author (the person using ‘I’), Nick
and Ellie. The author’s name is probably Charlie. One day, I told my friend Nick that I’d like to try and go inside.
I said I had found a strange little door around the back of the
Nick is an old friend of the author’s. He’s young, good-looking
house, and we could go in. ‘We can’t!’ said Nick, ‘It’s dangerous!’
and people like him.
I ignored him, and I went to the house in the middle of the night.
Ellie might be Nick’s girlfriend and shares the same tastes as him.
I touched the handle and I was slowly turning it when I heard an
4 1 That was the moment Nick asked me if I had sent the text. A incredibly strange noise from behind the door. It was like a voice
good prompt should make you wonder what has happened saying ‘No … ’.
and what’s going to happen next.
I stopped in fear, and then I ran! To this day, I’ve never been back
2 Tension keeps the reader interested. Without any tension, a
to the house.
story could be boring.
3 A climax is when a story reaches its most exciting part and
usually comes at the end.
1 Possible answers
5 Possible answers
The Pyramids of Giza in Cairo are often the subject of mystery.
Nick and the author are sitting together. Nick thinks the author No-one is completely clear as to when the largest of these
is hiding something from him. pyramids was built, or how. Nothing has ever been found inside
The author remembers how everyone liked Nick at school, it, although there are many passages and chambers. Researchers
including a girl called Ellie. have sent a small robot inside various tunnels in the pyramid,
He then remembers hanging out with Nick when a text arrives and have discovered mysterious metal gates, suggesting that
on Nick’s phone. Nick isn’t there to see it. there might be more rooms we don’t know about. In 2017,
At the end of the story, the author reads the text, which is from another large, empty space was discovered inside the pyramid.
Ellie. The author replies, pretending to be Nick and refusing As yet, no-one has found out what might be inside it.
the invitation, but suggesting that she ask Charlie (the author) 2 A time-lapse camera was used to capture the movement of
instead. the statue.
6 The information in the second paragraph gives background 3 1 People believed that the spirit of the ancient Egyptian man it
details, so the tense used is the past perfect at the beginning. belonged to, Neb-Senu, made the statue turn around. Other
7 Possible answers people believed that it might have been the spirit of Michael
the past continuous: Nick and I were hanging out (a description Jackson making it turn.
of something happening over a period of time in the past) 2 The scientific explanation is that vibrations from passing traffic
the past perfect: I hadn’t wanted to make him angry. (an action and visitors walking past the exhibit caused the stature to
that happened before another action) slowly turn because it had a slightly convex (or curved) base.
the past perfect continuous: We’d been sitting in the garden (an 4 Some people who were involved with the discovery of King
action in progress before another action occurred) Tutankhamun’s tomb died shortly after. The press attributed this
reported speech: That was the moment Nick asked me if I had to a curse that which protected the ancient king’s resting place.
sent the text. (for reporting what somebody said) Joyce believes that because the story of Tutankhamun’s curse is
direct speech: ‘I know you’re hiding something’, he said. (the so popular and famous that it influences how people think about
actual words someone said) the ancient Egyptians today.
the past simple: It was a stupid idea … (a completed past event)
a long difficult day To improve my reading skills, I will make sure that I remember
a beautiful old house to read texts – even short ones – quickly for gist first. I will
an absolutely amazing idea learn speed-reading strategies or try an online speed reading
an incredibly long journey programme.
a totally unexpected letter To improve my writing skills, I will make sure that I try to use a
a really scary stranger range of adjectives and adverbs, in order to add interest. I will
also try to use a range of narrative tenses to make the sequence
of events and any background information clear.

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11 had had
2 might see
1 1 main character 2 series 3 complicated plot 4 publisher 3 would be studying
5 passage 6 unexpected twist 4 had been published, before
2 1 a guess 2 typical of 3 look up 4 figure out 5 not to call, I’d read
5 short notice 6 slow 6 was going, her
3–4 1 went blank 2 scriptwriting 3 A-list 4 predictable 21 us
5 spooky 6 laugh out loud 2 following
3 would
4 she
1 1 if I was going to watch the film the following 5 had
2 she had written her 6 previous
3 to send her 31 You have to leave.
4 if he could see her that 2 I’m going to start my new book tomorrow.
5 she hadn’t enjoyed writing 3 You’ll love the film.
6 he’d love 4 I didn’t like the weak storyline.
2 7.14 5 I have to read before going to sleep.
graphic novels, horror stories, sci-fi stories 6 I watched TV last week.
41 he didn’t like that TV series.
3 7.15
2 they might leave the following day.
1 Kate asked Matt what his book was about.
3 they had been sitting there for ages.
2 Matt’s teacher suggested reading it.
4 she had to finish her book by the end of next/the
3 Kate wanted to know if the book was like a comic.
following week.
4 Matt explained that the pictures had helped him.
5 could call her later if he wanted.
5 Matt denied that the story was scary.
6 I was going to love the unexpected twist.
6 Matt insisted that Kate try a graphic story.
51 if I/we would be there
4 1 apologised for missing
2 if I/we had seen his
2 reminded him to take
3 who my favourite character was
3 denied telling Becky
4 if I was good at doing
4 threatened to stop the film
5 when I realised I was
5 1 invited 6 how much time I/we had for
2 agreed
61 congratulated
3 recommended
2 advised
4 warned
3 suggested
5 insisted
4 agreed
6 advised
5 invited
7 admitted
6 promised
8 denied
71 apologised for not being at
9 persuaded
2 warned him not to read
6 Possible answer
3 encouraged Ana to write often
I heard two people arguing today about where to go for lunch. It 4 denied taking her father’s
was a man and a woman. The man insisted on going somewhere
cheap. He recommended having fast food. The woman said that
she wanted something healthier. In the end, she persuaded him
to go to a salad bar. She also advised him to try and eat more
healthily, instead of only having cheap food.

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UNIT 8 IN IT TOGETHER
7 He had been away from school involved in work for MI6. This
meant he had to work in secrecy and in dangerous, high-action
2 1 MI6 = Military Intelligence, Section 6; SAS = Special Air Service, situations.
a special-forces unit of the British Army.
He wasn’t allowed to talk about what he had been doing so
2 People might have to sign the Official Secrets Act in order
therefore he felt isolated from his school friends.
to protect official information which, if it fell into the wrong
hands, could cause a lot of damage to people or national He also quite liked the action of his secret life with MI6.
security. 8 Possible answers
3 Alex was an orphan and also his uncle had died recently. In 1 I would find it very difficult not to be able to tell family or
other words, it seems that he had no immediate family. He friends what I really do. It would mean that I don’t have
had been on a mission for MI6. any close friends at all, and I wouldn’t be able to share my
4 2 D (… they had nodded and smiled and secretly thought him a problems with anyone.
little bit pampered and spoiled.) 2 We often hide things from people that we think might hurt
Option A is incorrect because Alex has already had time off them. In a way, this is a good thing, because it means that we
school and there is no reference to any future time off. are trying to protect other people. But in a way, it’s also a bad
Option B is incorrect because although teachers ‘had not thing because we are actually being dishonest.
been sympathetic’ they had to ‘make allowances’ due to the 3 I wouldn’t like life where I’m constantly in danger, and I never
fact that he had no parents and his uncle had died. have a chance to relax. The perfect lifestyle would be one
Option C is incorrect because the homework was not ‘a where I could choose to be active when I want to be.
punishment’ but ‘to catch up’.
5 1 B So why did he feel so out of it, as if he were watching the
1 You should have explained
last weeks of the term from the other side of a giant glass
screen? I ought to have been more understanding
A – it is other students who may be looking forward to we didn’t have to stay late
relaxing, Alex has a lot of homework. He should have been told the truth
C – the focus is not on a dislike of routine but a concern 2 Speaker 1 didn’t tell her mum she’d got into drama school
that he feels different. straight away.
D – mention is made of hundreds of other students around Speaker 2 worried about her assignments and exams.
him, but not that they are Alex’s friends. Speaker 3 didn’t keep in touch as much with family abroad as
3 C It was he who had changed she should have done, and she didn’t call enough.
A – his uncle’s death is mentioned later and not Alex’s Speaker 4 worried about work.
reaction to it Speaker 5 didn’t call her mum enough and she didn’t send
B – Alex is looking for a reason for why he feels strange and enough postcards.
it is not the absence from school Speaker 6 didn’t make enough time for friends, and didn’t get in
D – there is no reference to how his friends are treating him touch with people enough.
4 B Alex smiled at the memory of it. He didn’t need to sign 3 Speaker 1: should have told
anything. Who would have believed him anyway? Speaker 2: needn’t have worried about
A – what has happened to Alex is unusual but he doesn’t Speaker 4: needn’t have worried about
mention that he thinks the signing is unusual. Speaker 5: ought to have called
C – there is no reference to his attitude to whether what 4 1 couldn’t/can’t
he’s done should be a secret, just that he doesn’t enjoy 2 could have/should have
lying (and this comes in the next paragraph) 5 1A 2B
D – there is no reference to this 1 can’t have been
5 A he’d been forced to tell them that he’d been in bed, … he 2 could/should/ought to have been handled
hated having to deceive his friends 3 ought to/should/could have approached
B – he hadn’t hidden at home, he’d been spying 4 can work
C – the reference to filing cabinet is not to information 5 must/may/might have felt
about Alex, but the fact that he had to keep everything 6 have to encourage
secret 7 ’ll (will) be able to
D – Alex didn’t want to boast about what he’d done 6 Possible answers
6 D But at the same time – he had to admit it – part of him Problem: I haven’t been in touch with my old friend who moved
wanted it all to happen again. … And at the end of the day, abroad. He sent me an email, but I didn’t reply to it because I was
anything was better than double homework. busy with other things. I find it difficult to write with my news
A – part of him wished that it had never happened not that because I don’t have any. I want to stay in touch with him, but I’m
he was happy to be back not good at writing long letters. Can you give me some advice?
B – reference is that he didn’t feel right in the ‘safe and Advice: I think your friend would be happy to hear from you,
comfortable world of school’ even if you don’t have any exciting news to tell him. Perhaps
C – things are back to normal as far as routine is concerned he thinks that you don’t want to write to him, or you’re not
but part of him wanted it all to happen again interested in staying in touch. Don’t wait until you have lots of
6 1 heading 2 make allowances 3 streaming 4 dribbling news to put in a long email. Just send him short messages or
5 crash course 6 lunatic 7 slouching 8 muttered maybe try calling him occasionally.

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7 Possible answers 3 Speaker 1: a choir

1 I would have suggested talking to the parents, and making Speaker 2: a drum circle
them understand how stressful the situation is. I agree with Speaker 3: songwriting
Caroline that the best thing to do is to talk to other people Speaker 4: a youth orchestra
about it, rather than keep the problem to yourself.
Speaker 5: accompanying someone on piano and playing gigs
2 In this kind of situation, I might ask myself if I really want
someone like this as a friend. Sometimes, we tell ourselves 4 1 C They became like a second family to me and since then, I’ve
that someone is a nice person, or a real friend, when really never looked back! The choir had belief in me as a singer
they aren’t. Try being friends with someone who doesn’t make 2 H There’s nothing like bashing away at a drum to get rid of all
you feel bad! your worries!
3 A a friend taught me how to play a few simple chords on the
guitar. Even though I’ll never be really good at it, at least I
1 Adjectives: anti-social (negative/neutral), arrogant (negative), was able to play along to the words I wrote.
cheerful (positive), cooperative (positive), courageous (positive), 4 F Having friends from different cultures through a love for
courteous (positive), defensive (negative/neutral), demanding music really makes you appreciate and understand different
(negative), eccentric (neutral/negative), flamboyant (neutral), lifestyles.
immature (negative), irresponsible (negative), possessive 5 E but I was also supporting someone else rather than
(negative), stubborn (negative/neutral), talkative (negative/ appearing solo in public. … That I find rather stressful!
neutral), thoughtful (positive) 5 1 had confidence that I could do well
Nouns: admiration, discipline, flexibility, honesty, loyalty, 2 obligatory, something everyone has to do without a choice
sympathy, willingness (all positive) 3 removes something unpleasant that isn’t wanted
4 places where public events happen
2 1 cooperative/thoughtful 2 irresponsible 3 thoughtful
5 very exciting, thrilling
4 courteous
6 recognise the value of something or somebody
3 Possible answers
7 two people who sing or perform together
cheerful: Joe always has a smile on his face. He’s funny and
6 Possible answers
always finds the positive in any situation.
1 I found Speaker 5’s story most interesting. I’d like to find
eccentric: Margaret always likes to be different to everyone else. someone I can create music with, and one of my dreams is to
She wears odd clothes, and sometimes says things which other play gigs somewhere, one day.
people don’t understand. 2 You can compare yourself with others. It can make you
stubborn: Once Esther has made up her mind, she never competitive, and can give you something to aspire to. When
changes it. This can be quite annoying, especially if she’s clearly you see what others can achieve it can be inspiring. It’s often
wrong about something. more fun and fulfilling to do things with other people.
4 have: serious doubts about, difficulty with, a lot in common with, 3 It allows you to think carefully about what you want for
a bad day yourself, and you can relax. It can put things into perspective,
keep: a secret, their mouths shut, in touch with and can remove pressure.
5 1 common
2 touch
3 tidy (clean, organised, in order) 1 Possible answers
4 difficulty (difficulties, a problem, problems, success, a hard Escape rooms are places where people go and play in teams.
time), secret/promise They are set a series of puzzles which they have to work out
6 Possible answers in a specific time in order to unlock a door and move into the
I would describe myself as usually cheerful, cooperative and next room and do the next challenge. There are often different
thoughtful. I can be stubborn, though, especially if someone genres of Escape room, for example, horror, ancient history, etc.
wants me to do something that I don’t like. I also have a sense 3 1 were we 2 also had 3 being 4 that he didn’t say
of humour that’s a little bit immature. I like playing silly jokes on 4 Possible answers
people. But generally, I think I’m easy to get on with. creepy = rather strange, something that makes you feel
frightened
freaked out = it’s a phrasal verb = frightened, scared
1 Possible answers miracle = something unexpectedly good that happens
I like music, and I can play piano and guitar. I can’t read music I would love it. It must be very exciting to be locked in a room
very well, though, and I definitely can’t compose it. and have to solve puzzles within a time limit. I wouldn’t like
The words that interest me most are drummer, gig and lyrics. I’d to do it alone, but I imagine it’s an amazing thing to do with
love to play the drums, but we don’t have any drums in our house. friends.
I’d love to play in a band and do a small gig one day. Some of my 5 1 should have taken (matches It’s a pity you didn’t)
friends play instruments, and maybe we should get together one 2 in spite of the bad (matches even though the weather was bad)
day. And I like writing song lyrics. The only problem is that I can’t 3 ought to have been told (matches No one had told)
write music, so I need someone to help me with that. 4 only did Maria learn (matches Maria learnt … and also …)
2 Possible answers 5 didn’t need to ask/had no need to ask (matches it wasn’t
I think music plays an important part in most people’s lives, necessary to ask)
including mine. I’m a member of a choir, and when we get 6 despite not liking group activities (matches Although he didn’t
together to sing, it’s an amazing feeling. Music has the power like group activities)
to bring people together, to make them feel happy or sad. It
can also create powerful memories, too. Whenever I hear my
favourite songs, I’m transported back to when I first heard them,
even if it was many years ago.

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1 His own experience of feeling low, and how to get over 1 Possible answers
negative feelings. Of all the people here, I find Valentina (Student E) most inspiring.
2 two-part verbs: clear up, come across, fill in, hang out, speak up She was the person who had to overcome the most serious
three-part verbs: put up with, reach out to, stand up for, take difficulties, and still managed to achieve her goals. It would be
up with good to hear her talking about how to keep going, and to fight
1 hang out 2 put up with 3 fill in 4 reach out to for what you want in life.
5 speak up 2 1 The students ask each other questions as well as checking for
Remaining verbs: agreement/disagreement to move the discussion forward.
carry on = continue doing something Neither student is passive or dominant.
2 Phrases used:
clear up = explain something or make it easier to understand
Shall we start with …?
come across = find or discover something
What do you think?
get along (with somebody) = have a good relationship with
somebody How about …?
get over = succeed in communicating ideas to somebody Let’s talk about …
put somebody off = make you dislike something or not want to I’m not quite sure …
do something 3 Possible answers
look up to = admire somebody a well-known YouTuber: this person might talk about how easy it
stand up for = support or defend somebody or something is to make the videos, how much money they make, what kind of
people watch them
take up with = do something with an idea that you have been
considering a local business person: this person might talk about local
opportunities, local man-made goods, how to find work
3 Possible answers
1 When someone accuses you of doing something you didn’t a young explorer: this person might talk about any difficult
do, then you need to stand up for yourself, and defend your situations they’ve faced, why they like to explore, any dangerous
version of events. or exciting moments they have experienced
2 I get along with most people, but I mostly get on with people a successful writer: this person might talk about how they got
who have similar musical tastes to me. started, any difficulties they faced, whether they ever get stuck
3 I’m not willing to put up with people who lie or cheat, or hurt for ideas
other people to get what they want. a charity worker: this person might talk about difficulties they
4 1E 2D 3H 4C 5A 6G 7B 8F face, the rewards of the job, how they started, why they do it
5 a) Don’t complain too much. Try to move on. 4 What do you think?
b) Don’t set yourself huge goals that are difficult or impossible It’s quite difficult to decide …
to achieve. I’m not quite sure …
c) Don’t spend too much time in front of your computer. Get Possible answers
outside and join in activities. A: It’s quite difficult to decide which people to choose. What do
6 1 C (pay attention to is a collocation) you think?
2 A (put up with is a phrasal verb which means ‘accept’) B: Well, the YouTuber is probably interesting to talk to, and the
3 D (have a negative effect on is a collocational phrase) local business person. Both of these people could talk about
4 A (there’s no point in continually comparing is a set phrase) how you can make money.
5 B (stand up for is a phrasal verb A: Yes, you’re right. I’m not quite sure about the local business
6 D (set yourself … goals is a collocation) person, though. He or she might not be successful in what
7 C (bear in mind is a collocation) they do.
8 A (don’t waste any more time is a set phrase) B: Yes, maybe that choice wasn’t the best one. OK, I’ve changed
7 Possible answers my mind. How about the well-known YouTuber and the
1 Listening to music or doing some exercise are good ways to successful writer?
get out of a bad mood. Maybe the best way is to try and talk to A: OK, so both of these people have been successful.
somebody about your feelings. This often makes things better. B: That’s right, and I think that would make them more
2 I wouldn’t believe somebody who said they never experience interesting to listen to.
bad moods. It’s part of life. Bad things do happen, and it’s A: I agree. OK, let’s go for those two, then.
important that we are aware of them, and can try to deal 5 Possible answers
with them. 1 I would like to invite some older people, who have interesting
stories to tell, and maybe had a harder life when they were
young. It’s sometimes good to hear how people overcame
difficulties in life, or to realise that other people had a harder
time than you.
2 I look up to sports stars, or any athlete who works hard. It takes
a lot of discipline and self-sacrifice to be successful in sport.
3 Possible qualities include: a good sense of humour, modesty,
honesty, determination, discipline, a lack of selfishness.

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10 Appropriate starting expressions: Dear …

Inappropriate starting expressions: Hi!, Hello!
1 Possible answers
Appropriate finishing expressions: Best wishes, All the best,
Activities could include: sports lessons, like swimming or football,
Regards
music lessons, dance lessons, extra language lessons.
Inappropriate finishing expressions: Cheers!, Love, Lots of love,
Extra-curricular activities should probably remain optional, so
Bye!
students can focus on what interests them most, or what they
think they would like to develop more. Model answer
2 Possible answers Dear Tom,
I would choose martial arts because that’s something I’d like to I was interested to read your notice, asking for suggestions for
do. I think it’s useful to learn a form of self-defence because it school trips. I would like to share some idea with you here, as so
gives you confidence. few students are aware of the area that they live in.
I’d also like to have some kind of music activities, like a band or First of all, why don’t we consider some museum trips? There
a choir. I like music, but performing it with other people is so are some excellent museums nearby which teach people about
much better than doing it alone. the history of the area. Many of them are interactive, and give a
good insight into how people lived in the past.
A school radio station would be a good idea, too. I’d like to work
in the media in the future, and this would give me lots of useful It might also be an idea to visit the national park, which is just
experience. a few hours away. There are many mountains, lakes and forests
to explore. Not only would this give us a chance to be outdoors,
3 1–2 Suggestions Kevin makes include: a quiz club (which would
but it would also enable us to learn skills such as map reading.
test people’s brains), a radio station (which would be a lot of
fun, and enable students to conduct interviews or organise We could also organise visits to farms. There are many nearby
talent shows) and a manga magazine (which would also be and we could use the opportunity to understand where our food
fun, and enable students to build up a comics library). comes from and that such a lot of work goes into creating it.
3 The radio station and the magazine seem like the most The main idea would be to learn about the history of our area
interesting ideas, because they would help students develop and its environment, and to teach students valuable new skills. I
skills like organising things, and working together. The quiz hope these ideas are useful.
club is a nice idea for a fun event, but doesn’t sound like an All the best, …
activity that students could do regularly.
4 Why don’t we create a quiz club? (My friends like to test their
brains a bit – or at least to show they know more than other 1 Possible answers
people! Quizzes are really popular.) An example of a good team is the Real Madrid football team.
How about setting up a school radio station? (It must be such They have a solid mix of strong players in different roles and
fun to do and lots of students would have the opportunity to effective management that has helped them win several
contribute.) international championships. An example of a bad team is in
It might be an idea to create our own manga magazine. (I think the film The Mighty Ducks. At the start of the film, they are very
lots of students would go for that. We could also build up a disorganised, but the raw talent is there. With management and
manga comics library, which would be great) confidence, they learn to work together effectively in roles that
play to their strengths and go on to become a good team.
5 Possible answers
2 A robot that can pick up and stack plastic containers.
Why don’t we start a tennis club? It would be a new sport that
everyone could learn. 3 Possible answers
What about organising an English-language film club? It would They had to design the robot, build it and create a business plan.
be a fun way to practise English. They had to apply science, maths, engineering and technology
It might be an idea to create a website or blog that everyone to make real robots.
can contribute to. We could use it to communicate with each 4 Possible answers
other, and write articles that people find interesting. The students were excited to be there. Some students were
6 1 so little 2 so few 3 so many 4 such a lot 5 so proud to represent their country and excited to play in big
8 Possible answers teams. Students felt proud to have achieved enough to get as
far as the competition. Students enjoyed the challenge as well
Greeting: Dear Tom …
as using science, technology, engineering and maths in more
Introductory paragraph: I was really interested to read your interesting ways than usual. Students felt that using these skills
notice … could be just as much fun as sports. Students were amazed
Idea 1: Why don’t we consider some museum trips? when they won. One team leader was especially proud that they
Idea 2: It might be an idea to visit the national park. were building robots as complicated as machines for space.
Idea 3: We could also organise visits to local farms. 5 Possible answers
Concluding paragraph: The main idea would be to learn about It could develop people’s interest in science, maths and
the history of our area, its environment and community. technology. It shows young people in interesting jobs that give
Appropriate sign-off: I hope these ideas are useful. All the best, … them goals to work towards. It could inspire groups of friends to
take on creative projects together. It shows that people like me
can be at the forefront of technology and engineering.

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Possible answers
1–2 1 cheerful 2 stubborn 3 courageous 4 immature
5 eccentric 6 possessive
3 1 look up to 2 speak 3 have 4 got 5 keep
4 1C 2A 3C 4B 5C 6B
1 1 can’t 2 don’t have to hand 3 shouldn’t 4 ought

5 weren’t 6 needn’t have gone
2 1 being 2 do they have, they have 3 such a lot of
4 of having
3 1 such good 2 so interesting 3 such an 4 so few
4 1 have/need/ought 2 have 3 regret 4 Unless 5 able
6 only 7 should/might/would/could 8 be
5 1 have missed 2 need to 3 must have 4 should have been
5 can’t have 6 it was
6 I missed my train this morning. I should have woken up earlier,
but unfortunately I didn’t. I got to the station just as the train
was leaving. I could have gone home and done nothing all day,
but I had an important exam to school, so I had to find another
way.
I quickly called a friend of mine, who was already in school. I
asked him if his father could come and pick me up and drive me
to school. Luckily, it was possible, and I arrived at school just in
time for the exam.
I really ought to thank my friend, and his father. I should do
something special for them, but I haven’t decided what yet.
1 1C 2F 3A 4G 5D 6B 7E
2 1 must have been 2 had to 3 ought to have
4 needn’t have done 5 can’t have been 6 shouldn’t have been
7 will 8 needs
3 1 not being 2 in spite of 3 were they 4 her lack of
5 she got 6 having 7 not having
4 1 fact 2 did 3 being 4 had 5 having
5 1 does Vicky have
2 of having so
3 must have been happy
4 be finished
5 not to have said

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UNIT 9 GETTING IT RIGHT

8 Possible answers
An example situation could be that someone has broken up
1 Possible answers
with a friend and now they regret it. They might have done
The photo at the bottom of page 120 shows someone looking this because the friend said something wrong behind the
at a map of New York. The person might be trying to decide how person’s back.
to get somewhere, or where to go next.
Possible advice could be to talk through the problem with the
The photo at the top of page 121 shows two people in a café. friend, and try to reach some kind of agreement.
They are probably looking at a menu and deciding what type of
coffee to order.
The photo at the bottom of page 121 shows two people in a 1 1 B non-defining relative clause
sports shop, looking at a range of trainers. They are probably 2 C reduced relative clause
trying to decide which ones to buy or try on. 3 D participle clause
2 Possible answers 4 A defining relative clause
Decisions involving other people are usually harder than 2 They’re at a party. Lucy is surprised to see Mark because she
decisions which only affect yourself. thought he had band practice that night.
Also, some decisions have long-lasting effects, such as deciding 3 1 where
whether or not to accept a job, whether or not to go to 2 having
university, or whether or not to get married. 3 talking
3 Possible answers 4 whose
You should consider things carefully, take time to consider the 4 1 that/which
consequences of something and not make quick decisions. If we 2 which/that
don’t think twice, we might make the wrong decision or react 3 who
emotionally to something which we later regret. 4 when
4 1 F While a child makes around 3,000 decisions a day, as you 5 where
get older, you make an estimated 35,000. More than two 5 1 that/which/–
hundred of those involve decisions that are about food. 2 where
2 C Do you know that Mark Zuckerberg, who is the founder of 3 Being
Facebook, always wears the same grey T-shirt? Why? Well, it 4 which/that
means he can concentrate on important decisions and not 5 which
spend ages deciding what to wear. That’s a great tip from 6 whose
someone who, faced with huge decisions every day, can’t 7 Having
afford to waste time. 8 held/shared
3 A Picture this. You’ve just had a text from a friend that has 6 Possible answers
upset you. Having thought of a reply and typed it in to your 1 Ideas include: when he or she can make responsible decisions
phone, you have your finger poised on the send button. alone; when he or she can start working; when he or she can
4 G You’ve acted without thinking it through and for a split get married or have children.
second it feels good. However, not long afterwards the 2 The most common voting age around the world is 18,
doubt creeps in. You soon realise that you’ve been a bit although some countries let people vote when they are 16.
harsh and caused more upset than you really wanted to … Others let them vote when they are 25. Ideas include: people
5 B Were you influenced by a friend whose advice was short- should be able to vote when they have reached a certain
sighted or just wrong? If that was so, learn to value your level of education; people should only vote when they start
own opinion more. paying taxes; people shouldn’t vote unless they have an
6 E If you don’t feel anything then beware! That could be a understanding of politics.
warning that you aren’t making the correct decision.
5 D The sentence refers to children only. Although a child is
mentioned at the beginning of the sentence before gap 1, the 1 Possible answers
sentence is actually talking about decisions you make as you 1 speak out about = publicly speak in protest about something
get older. 2 sleep on it = not make a decision about something important
6 1 skip until the next day
2 get crammed 3 be torn between = not be able to make a decision between
3 filter two options
4 founder 4 have second thoughts = start having doubts about a decision
5 poised you made
6 a split second 5 have a Plan A and a Plan B = to have a plan which you will use
7 short-sighted if things happen the way you expect and a back-up plan in
8 beware case things go wrong
7 1 Filter decisions, focus on what’s important. 6 weigh up the pros and cons = to consider the advantages and
2 Don’t act without thinking, especially when you’re emotional. the disadvantages of something
3 Take time to consider the consequences. 2 1 a football coach and player (Playing in a football match.)
4 Value your own judgement. 2 a teacher and a student (Choosing what to study.)
5 Think about how you feel when you make a decision. 3 a father and daughter (Going on holiday with friends.)
6 Don’t make a decision on an empty stomach. 4 a head teacher and student (Deciding where to go on the
school trip.)

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3 1 propose 2 selections 3 considering 4 evaluate 4 1 Yes, it made him try new things.
5 intention 6 judging 7 consult 2 Overcoming a fear of heights, giving a presentation (and
4 1 proposal/proposition 2 select 3 consideration 4 intend realising he was good at it) and making the decision to do
5 evaluation 6 judgement 7 consultation something in the community.
5 1 based 2 revealed 3 According 4 involve 5 speak 3 Students’ own answers.
6 challenge 5 1 adrenalin 2 community 3 convince 4 homesick 5 hidden
6 Possible answers 6 struggle
Ideas include decisions that are too complex for younger 6 Possible answers
children to fully understand, such as moving house, choosing 1 I don’t like it when other people make decisions for me. It
a good school, or how to spend a household budget. makes me feel small, like I have no power.
2 A ‘doer’ is someone who does things instead of just thinking
or talking about them. A ‘thinker’ is someone who likes to plan
1 Possible answers things and consider them carefully before acting.
1 The first time I stayed away from home was when I went on
a school summer camp. It was my decision, and I was really
excited about it. I was with all my friends, so I didn’t feel lonely. 1 It was my parents who decided I should do a youth citizen
2 I remember a time once when my teacher just told me to programme over the summer. (= My parents decided, not me.)
come to the front of the class and say something. I hadn’t What is really amazing is how much confidence I gained. (= I
prepared anything, so I was really surprised. I didn’t know gained so much confidence. This was amazing.)
what to say, and I felt very embarrassed. 2 1 It wasn’t until recently that I was interested in art.
2 His summer went generally well. 2 What I love are the clothes (that) she wears.
3 1 C What is special about the youth citizen course is that you 3 It was my friends who made the cake for the party.
can choose something different for each week of the course. 4 What I did was (to) take lots of photos while I was there.
A is incorrect: it’s not only sports that the course offers. 5 It was our teacher who offered to help us with the project.
B is incorrect: he doesn’t say that this is the aim of the 6 What we need is extra time for this exercise.
course. 7 What I don’t like in winter is the weather.
2 A But to be honest I was a bit worried at the thought of not 8 What happened was (that) too many people tried to help
being with my friends … with the plans.
B is incorrect: he doesn’t say he was disappointed, just that 3 Possible answers
he was nervous. 1 What I really enjoyed today was having lunch outside in
C is incorrect: he said he gets bored in the summer, not on the sun.
the course. 2 It was my friends who told me about the film.
3 C I knew it would be hard but I didn’t expect the rest of the 3 What was good about last weekend was (that) I managed
group to be so brilliant. At one point I panicked but they all to see my best friend.
kept shouting to encourage me. 4 It’s always my teacher who gives us interesting homework.
A is incorrect: he doesn’t say he was surprised. 4 The words after and following would both fit the gap, as they
B is incorrect: he knew he would be frightened because he have a similar meaning and would both fit grammatically. In the
was afraid of heights. exam, either word would be marked correctly, but if candidates
4 B One of the leaders said his intention was to help us find write both words in the gap they will not get the mark. They
a hidden passion. I think I discovered mine was for public must decide on the best answer.
speaking … 5 1 is (part of the cleft construction What is worse is that …)
A is incorrect: he didn’t appreciate it – he just says one of 2 who/that (part of the cleft construction it’s often your best
the leaders said he wanted to help the participants find a friends who decide)
hidden passion. 3 was (part of the cleft construction It was during my stay that)
C is incorrect: he said he discovered his talent for public 4 did (part of the cleft construction What they did was to
speaking, but not that it was important organise)
5 C I’ve got skills that I wouldn’t have gained on the usual 5 had (part of the past perfect)
summer camp … if you feel you need something else, give 6 after/following (only one of these answers should be given)
this a go. You’ll discover that you’re capable of a lot more. 7 what (part of the cleft construction what slightly bothered
A is incorrect: he says if they want to do sports then they me was)
should go to a sports camp, but that if they need something 8 it (part of the cleft construction it was the thought that
else to go to this kind of camp. mattered)
B is incorrect: he ways three weeks is a long time away from 6 Possible answers
home, but doesn’t say they’ll be homesick 1 I went to a surprise party when I was 18. What was
6 A It was my suggestion that we raise money for the local interesting about it was that it was for me! Nobody told me
skate park …. we held a music event and the others cooked about it. It was my father who organised it, and it took place
food to sell. My parents hadn’t seen this side of me before at my grandparents’ house. All my family were there.
because I normally let other people make decisions for me. 2 Ideas include: the person being surprised isn’t happy about it;
B is incorrect: he says it must have been annoying that he someone spoils the surprise by telling other people in advance.
didn’t stop talking. 3 I’d be really happy if my friends wanted to organise a birthday
C is incorrect: he says the others cooked. for me. But I wouldn’t let them do it without me. I’d want to
7 B I think I’ll be good at helping people especially those who are be involved in all the preparations. I’d especially want to be in
shy like me … control of who was invited, and who wasn’t!
A is incorrect: he says he’ll do the course again before he
goes to university.
C is incorrect: he says he met friends from all over the
country, not that he wants to travel more himself.

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4 Another difference is that the people in the first photo are

different ages, and one person isn’t looking for clothes for
1 Possible answers herself.
1 Normally, I make all my own decisions. But in school, I have to 5 Shopping might be difficult for the person in the second
wear a uniform, and I don’t have much control over that. I also photo because there are so many clothes to choose from.
do a part-time job on Saturday mornings. I don’t have to wear
7 Which of these days out shopping would you prefer?
a uniform for that, exactly, but I have to wear a white shirt
and grey trousers. 8 Possible answers
2 I don’t really like wearing very smart, formal clothes. But for Ideas include: talking about shopping with friends or with
some occasions, like job interviews or weddings, I have to. someone else; buying formal clothes or casual clothes; shopping
2 1C 2D 3B 4A in different types of store.
3 Speaker 1: experiment with new looks, have an issue with 9 Possible answers
something, have a crazy dress sense Page 172
Speaker 2: stand out in a crowd, pick up bargains, put an outfit A: Both of these photos show people eating with other people.
together, look really cool The first photo shows some friends eating together, whereas
the second one shoes a family having a meal. One difference
Speaker 3: feel under pressure to wear something, wear a
is the location. The friends are eating outdoors, and the
particular brand or label, follow the crowd
family are sitting around a table indoors. They might be at a
Speaker 4: throw on clothes, be obsessed with style and image restaurant, because the situation looks quite formal. Another
4 1 experiment with new looks difference is that the friends are eating out of what look
2 have an issue with like pizza boxes. They’ve probably bought the pizza from
3 feel under pressure to a take-away restaurant. They’re obviously enjoying being
4 obsessed with style and image together and being outdoors in the sunshine. The family are
5 unintelligent, non-judgemental, unambitious, unsuspicious, enjoying being together, too, and they seem to be having a
unconfident, impatient, unstylish conversation. They aren’t enjoying any food, because there
6 1 trendy (noun to adjective) isn’t any on the table yet.
2 conventional (noun to adjective) B: I’d prefer to eat take-away food outdoors with friends. It’s
3 measurements (verb to plural noun) more relaxed, and probably cheaper, too.
4 enables (adjective to verb) Page 173
5 undressed (verb to negative adjective) A: Both of these photos show people outdoors, and one other
6 combination (verb to noun) similarity is that there are only two people in each situation.
7 influential (noun to adjective) The first photo shows two young people, who could be
8 experimental (noun to adjective) friends or brother and sister. They’ve been skateboarding,
and now they’re just relaxing. The second photo shows two
people camping, and they’re a bit older. One difference is that
1 Possible answers the people in the second photo are busy doing something.
1 I prefer shopping alone. It’s easier and I can make decisions a They’re preparing food. In the first photo, however, the
lot more quickly. people have already done something. They might even be
2 I usually buy the same types of clothes, from the same shops, going home soon, whereas in the second photo, the people
because I know that I will like them. are probably going to spend the night outdoors.
2 busy – quiet B: If I had a choice, I’d do something like in the second photo. I
casual – formal like camping, and there’s nothing better than eating outdoors
cheerful – moody on a warm evening.
messy – neat
old-fashioned – trendy
1 Possible answers
patterned – plain
Some celebrities are often popular because they are especially
smart – scruffy attractive or funny, or because they are role models for young
3 Suggested answers people. Other celebrities can be popular for exactly the opposite
Top photo: formal, neat, patterned, plain smart reasons: that they are shocking, or bad role models, and
Bottom photo: casual, cheerful, patterned, plain, trendy watching their lives can be interesting in the same way that a
4 compare the photographs soap opera might be.
say what the people might be finding difficult about their day 2 Possible answers
out shopping Celebrities can influence the clothes that teenagers wear,
5 Similarities: people shopping the cars they want to drive, or jobs they choose. If celebrities
Differences: , relationship, the mood of the people, type of shop, are involved in advertising, they could influence the things
type of clothes, location teenagers want to buy. Celebrities can have a positive or
What might be difficult: negative effect on teenagers, depending on whether they
themselves behave well. Celebrities who have a negative press
Photo 1: the girl looks moody, she might be shopping with her
can influence teenagers in a bad way.
mum, and finding it difficult
3 Write an essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your
Photo 2: choosing clothes
point of view.
6 Possible answers
Celebrities have a big influence on the decisions teenagers make.
1 Both photos show women looking for some new clothes.
Is it a good or a bad thing?
2 Another similarity is they all have a lot of clothes to choose
1 behaviour
from, and are touching them and seeing how they look.
2 hobbies and interests
3 In the first photo, the people look quite serious, whereas in the
3 (your own idea)
second photo, the two girls are having fun.

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4 Possible answers
fashion, hairstyles, language, career choices, political decisions,
Possible answers
food and drink
1 My reading skills have improved because now I can read more
5 Fashion trends, and having an impact on the way teenagers look.
quickly than I used to be able to, and I can scan texts for detailed
6 1 celebrities information, rather than reading slowly, line-by-line.
2 the influence on teens’ behaviour
2 In future when I do listening exercises, I’m going to pay
3 the influence on teens’ behaviour
attention to deciding what I need to listen out for before I listen,
4 developing a similar interest
and to try and predict the kinds of thing that speakers will say.
5 adopting fashion trends
3 My strength in speaking is speaking fluently and for a long time.
7 1 this 2 they 3 it 4 This 5 it 6 this/that
I would also like to learn how to improve my accuracy, and to
8 Write an essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your make fewer mistakes when I talk.
point of view.
4 In future, when I do writing exercises, I’m going to pay attention
Some people think that advertising has the greatest influence to reference words like it or they, and how I can make my
on the decisions teenagers make about style. Do you agree? message clearer by using linkers more effectively.
Write about:
1 parents
2 music
3 (your own idea)
Possible answers 1 1 based 2 challenge 3 speak our minds 4 follow the crowd
celebrities, friends, cost, where they live, availability (in shops) 5 issue with 6 make up 7 reveals 8 stand out
10 Model answer 2–3 1 addictive 2 patient 3 foolish 4 obsessed 5 suspicious
Many things can have an impact on what teenagers buy. It’s 6 faulty 7 confidential 8 ambitious
not the case that advertising is the only thing which affects
teenagers’ decisions, and indeed, it might not be the most
important influence. 1 1 who’s (who is) 2 who’s (who has) 3 whose
4 who’s (who has) 5 whose 6 whose
Parents, of course, have a big impact on what teenagers wear,
although not usually in a positive way. Teenagers often want to 2 She needs to choose which extra language she’s going to learn.
wear the opposite to what their parents do, and make conscious 3–4 1 looking 2 sent 3 Being 4 replacing 5 Having
efforts to look different. 6 taught
For a very long time now, pop stars have been at the front of 5 1 –/that/which 2 that/which 3 it 4 when 5 who/that
new fashions and trends. What’s also true is that fans of certain 6 which/that/- 7 whose 8 –/if/when 9 that/which
genres of music can signal to other fans what they like by the 10 what
style of clothes they wear. 6 1 It was his smile that she loved the most.
Finally, friends probably have the greatest influence of all on 2 What I find difficult about learning English is the pronunciation.
what teenagers choose to wear. Most people want to look like 3 What I did was to list all the pros and cons of each choice.
they are part of a group, and we often make a deliberate effort 4 What happened was that she sent the text to the wrong
to try and fit in with our friends. person.
In conclusion, I’d say that there are many things which positively 5 What she enjoys most about Greece is the lovely food.
or negatively influence teenagers’ style decisions. In general, I 6 It was last summer when I first met Harriet.
believe that what our friends wear has the greatest impact. 7 Possible answer
Jacob is a good friend who I met last year when I was at a
football camp. I met him in Manchester, where he and his family
1 Possible answers come from. He has an older brother, who also plays football. He
I was feeling hungry; I was feeling sad and needed cheering up; I has short dark hair which is really curly. He’s quite tall and very
was in a good mood; I recognised a product from a TV ad which fast, which is why he’s good at football. What I like about Jacob
I liked; I like the look of the product; I liked the atmosphere is that he always makes me laugh and he’s never moody.
in the shop; I liked the smells in the shop; I liked the music; I
remembered that I needed the product; the packaging was
attractive; the product was on offer.
2 1 $500,000,000,000 (five hundred billion US dollars)
2 75%
3 $99 per month
3 1 They felt happy.
2 They felt hungry.
3 It reminded them of home
4 The supermarket hopes to make the customers feel hungry and
so buy more or ‘open their wallets’.
The idea has been a success because sales have improved by 7%
in the last month.

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11 who
2 when
3 where
4 whose
5 which
6 when
21 Where’s the bag that/which/– I put the shopping in?
2 I’m going camping with Alicia, whose younger sister you know.
3 Isobel, who is a good friend of mine, has decided to study
abroad next year.
4 Have you got the book that/which/– I lent (to) you yesterday?
5 Here’s a photo of the apartment where we stayed when we
were on holiday.
6 That’s the student whose short story won first prize in a
national writing competition.
7 Mathew gave me some flowers for my birthday, which was
very kind of him.
8 On Friday, when my exams are over, I’m going out with my
friends. / I’m going out with my friends on Friday when my
exams are over.
3 Sentences 2, 3, 7, 8
4 Suggested answers
1 The decision to reduce the lunch break is not popular with
students.
2 Having enjoyed our trip to Valencia so much, we’ve decided to
go back again this year.
3 Told to make a decision quickly, Mia chose to go with team A.
4 The research carried out into how we make decisions under
stress revealed interesting findings.
5 Being unable to pick a winner, the judges gave two artists
joint first prize.
5 1 was/were the special effects in the film.
2 is to be more involved in making family decisions.
3 because he’s too young that Rob didn’t vote in the election.
4 until yesterday that we decided about the trip.
5 It was when she looked at her phone that she realised what
time it was.
6 was (to) weigh up the pros and cons before she made the
decision.
7 was (that) Kate changed her mind and decided not to
meet Alex.
8 is consult your doctor before starting the training programme.
6 1 After
2 Being
3 was
4 whose
5 who
6 What
7 Having
8 that/which/–

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UNIT 10 A MATTER OF TASTE

6 D But in time, who knows, maybe you’ll be reading articles like
this wearing banana-based clothes in a banana-powered
11T building
2 F There is a type of banana called Goldfinger (the name of a A is incorrect. The writer thinks it’s possible that people
James Bond film) and it tastes like an apple. might be using bananas in a different way in the future.
3T B is incorrect. There is no reference to this. The writer will
4T think twice, but he isn’t encouraging others to do the same
5 F They grow from a bulb/root in the ground. What we C is incorrect. There’s a possibility, but no certainty.
normally call a banana tree is in fact a ‘tree-like plant’.
6 1 gag 2 crop 3 portion 4 potential 5 stems
6 F There are bananas that are not yellow. There are red, purple
6 decomposing 7 bruised 8 flaw
and pink bananas.
7 Possible answers
2 There might be a law about …
Paragraph 1: This paragraph explains the history of why bananas
Perhaps some people make clothes from bananas.
have a funny reputation.
It might be that …
Paragraph 2: Bananas are a very popular food around the world.
4 A law was introduced in America banning people from dropping
Paragraph 3: They can be used in unexpected ways, for example
banana skins in public places.
as a shoe polish.
Parts of the banana plant can be turned into textiles.
Paragraph 4: Bananas can also be used in the textile industry,
Bananas can be used to create electricity. and have been for a very long time.
Leather shoes can be polished with banana skins. Paragraph 5: They can also be used as a form of energy,
Teeth can be whitened by rubbing banana peel on them. although this hasn’t been fully developed yet.
5 1 B At that time, as there were no litter bins or street sweepers, Paragraph 6: The full potential of bananas may only be realised
banana peels were often thrown onto the streets. These in the future.
rotten peels became extremely slippery and resulted in many 8 Possible answers
people falling over and injuring themselves. 1 I think it’s amazing that bananas might be used to produce
A is incorrect. All we learn is that they became a favourite energy. We need to find alternative energy sources, and
street food. although I don’t think bananas are the answer, it’s good to
C is incorrect. The reference to a ‘law’ is that one was know that scientists are thinking of possible alternatives
created to ban people from dropping peel. like this.
D is incorrect. There is no reference to this. 2 I think that from a young age, we enjoy it when people fall
2 D But as I have found out, bananas’ role as food is only one over or hurt themselves, as long as nothing serious happens.
side of the story. It might be because there’s a feeling of fear whenever people
A is incorrect. The writer is already aware that bananas are actually hurt ourselves, and laughing when other people
entertaining. aren’t really injured is a form of relief.
B is incorrect. Bananas are less important than wheat, rice
and milk.
C is incorrect. He refers to the size of bananas, not their 1 Gordon Ramsay is an example of a British chef who was featured
shape. in Unit 1. He has many restaurants which have received awards,
3 D So what are these unexpected uses of bananas? Firstly, did including 16 Michelin stars, but he is most well-known for his
you know that banana peel works brilliantly as a shoe polish? TV shows in the UK about cooking. These, like Hell’s Kitchen and
It can also be used … Ramsay’s Kitchen Nightmares are popular all over the world.
4 B Unlike the cotton production industry, which involves
2 He was inspired by the sound of knives sharpened on stone …
chemicals and ridiculous amounts of fresh water, textile
production from bananas … 3 1 at (part of the phrase at university)
A is incorrect. ‘Forget about’ is not related to cotton’s 2 only (part of the phrase not only … but also)
influence. 3 being (part of a passive form)
C is incorrect. The reference to Japan and Southeast Asia 4 to (decide is followed by the infinitive)
is related to their use of bananas and is presented as a fact 5 for (a period of time – for five years)
and not something the cotton industry could follow. 6 which (a relative pronoun referring back to the competition)
D is incorrect. It is the production of textiles from bananas, 7 up (part of the phrasal verb come up with)
not cotton, that is almost carbon neutral. 8 such (part of the structure such a … that)
5 C The idea came from a desire to make use of the mountain of 4 1 regrets not learning/regrets not having learnt
unwanted bananas that needlessly go to waste because the 2 I were you, I’d/I would
fruit are too bruised or small to reach the shops. 3 accused Rollo of leaving/of having left
A is incorrect. There is no reference to making a profit. 4 the first time I’ve/I have
B is incorrect. There is no reference to finding a new source, 5 the food was (still) being
just a desire to use up old bananas. 6 has been said
D is incorrect. The use of unwanted bananas will not reduce 5 Possible answers
the amount. 1 I live in a big city, and it’s possible to find restaurants and
supermarkets with food from around the world. I enjoy eating
Chinese, Italian and Middle Eastern food, for example
2 TV cookery programmes are very popular now. There is a
famous show about baking, in which contestants compete to
make the best cakes. I think it’s popular because people like
watching people try hard, or make mistakes, and it can also be
educational.

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4 B I was stuck at home getting bored. I wanted to paint but it

was too messy
1 Possible answers A is incorrect. She doesn’t say this – she says she wanted to
I once made some pasta with black squid ink sauce. It’s popular paint, but she hadn’t thought of writing before.
in parts of Italy, and I thought I’d make it. When I’d made it, I C incorrect. She just says her friends love her blog and her
thought it looked really interesting. It was black spaghetti, with recipes.
some yellow cheese on top. I posted it online, and all my friends 5 A The forecast for Saturday isn’t brilliant though, and I’m a bit
wanted to know what it was, and how it tasted. nervous about that.
2 A famous chef, Heston Blumenthal, objects to people taking B is incorrect. He says he’s not sure if he’s invited enough
photos of food in his restaurant. people but not that he’s forgotten anyone.
3 1 C sense of smell (collocation) C is incorrect. He says he’s sure nobody will go hungry, so
2 C despite having had a difficult start (this is the only one that he’s certain there’s enough food.
fits grammatically and also regarding the punctuation) 6 B I’ve wondered whether the judges had their favourites in the
3 D gaining … qualifications (collocation) past but I don’t think they did last night.
4 C work out … ideas (phrasal verb) A is incorrect. The girl says that it must be terrifying for
5 A lose his temper (a collocation that means ‘get angry’) them but the boy says they shouldn’t go in for competitions
6 D point of view (a collocation that means ‘opinion’) if they can’t cook under pressure.
7 A paying attention to (collocation) C is incorrect. They boy says the presenters have made
8 B drives him … mad. (a collocation that means to make mistakes, but only the girl says they are doing a good job.
somebody angry) 7 A Food can look quite different when taken from above or
4 They can learn to cook and also learn foreign languages, e.g. below, so make sure you try out a variety of angles before
English, French, Spanish and Italian. you make your choice.
5 1 combination (verb to noun) B is incorrect. He says you might think you need more
2 creativity (verb to noun) equipment but you only need good light
3 personal (noun to adjective) C is incorrect. He doesn’t say this – he says a clean white
4 dramatically (noun to adverb) plate is better than busy colours
5 confidence (adjective to noun) 8 C I just hope that everyone who’s excited about it now will
6 participants (verb to plural noun) actually help out when the time comes.
7 successfully (verb to adverb) A is incorrect. She doesn’t say this – only that she has to do
8 unlikely (verb to negative adjective) her work as well
6 Possible answers B is incorrect. She doesn’t say she’s worried about having
1 This would be a great way to find out about food from time to study – just that she has exams to study for
different countries, and how other people eat. It’s always 3 Possible answers
worth discovering more about food, as this can help you eat Ideas could include: build more exercise into your daily routine;
more healthily. avoid using a car for short trips; try not to sit so much; cook for
2 I’d choose to make a cake. I enjoy baking, and also, it’s possible yourself; make sure you include more fruit and vegetables in
to decorate cakes in completely different ways or make them your diet.
in different, attractive shapes. I think this is more creative than
many other types of food. Also, most people love cakes, so it
might help the judges choose me! 1 Possible answers
Ideas include: listening to English on TV or radio; talking with
friends in English; revising vocabulary; practising talking about
1 Students should have ticked: photographs; discussing different things with a partner using
Read through the questions and options phrases for agreeing and disagreeing.
Think about what each different situation might be 2 Possible answers
Underline key words Speaker 1
2 1 A Perhaps one of your friends might be free? I can’t think 1 I’m from Rome, the capital of Italy.
of anyone myself, so I’d be really grateful if you could ask 2 I usually spend time either with my friends, or other people
around. from my school.
B is incorrect. He’s not asking for help – he says he would 3 I enjoy English most. I like it because it helps me communicate
have asked, but he knows she’s going to be performing. with different people from around the world.
C is incorrect. He’s giving information, but that is not why 4 I hope so. I have a long summer holiday, and I think we’re
he’s calling. going to visit my family in a town called Vasto. That’s where
2 C Since these foods contain high levels of salt and sugar, I we usually spend our summers.
wouldn’t recommend eating them every day. Once a week is Speaker 2
fine … 1 I’m from a town in Japan called Narita.
A is incorrect. She’s not advising specific meals to avoid. 2 Yes, his name is Hiro. We’ve known each other for about three
B is incorrect. She mentions benefits of convenience, but years.
isn’t discussing them in detail. 3 I have. I went to Hawaii on holiday. It was a one-week holiday,
3 C After a few minutes, I was OK. I was really lucky. and we had a great time on the beach.
A is incorrect. He doesn’t say it spoilt the evening – he says 4 I’d love to visit Australia. It’s a long way from where I live, but
he enjoyed it and in fact, they had a free meal I’ve heard so much about it, and many of my friends have
B is incorrect. He says that they weren’t to blame. been there, too.

lOMoARcPSD|11156118

Which member of your family do you get on with most? 1 I would definitely like to most of these things, and if there
How long have you known your best friend? was someone who could show me the best places to see or
What extra-curricular school activities do you enjoy doing? eat locally, then that would be great. It’s always better if you
can get local advice, rather than try to rely on a guidebook.
What do you do in your free time?
And when you have local people showing you around, you can
Where did you go for your last holiday? learn a lot about a new country.
What special occasions do you celebrate in your country? 2 I think it helps you understand the world in more depth. You
Do you have any plans for the future? get to see how other people live, eat and work, and this puts
4 Possible answers everything else into perspective. You start to realise that what
Page 139 people do in your own country isn’t the only way of doing
A: Both photos show people eating food outdoors. The first things.
photo shows people sitting in the snow, whereas the second 3 Some people are only comfortable with what they already
one shows people in a much warmer environment, sitting at know. They don’t like to take risks, perhaps. Some people
tables. Another difference is that the people in the first photo might not see the point of trying anything new, if they have
seem to be eating food that they have prepared themselves. already found something that they are happy with. They
They might be on some sort of hiking expedition. The second might think it’s a waste of time to deliberately keep searching
photo shows people eating food that has been prepared for new things.
for them. One similarity is that both photos show people in
groups, and they all look like they are enjoying what they are
eating. 1 Possible answers
B: I’d much prefer to eat at a restaurant. I wouldn’t like to sit in 1 In my language, you can be more emotional. Things like
the snow eating my lunch! punctuation and paragraphs are very different. In English, you
Page 173 have to write in a more organised way, and there are stricter
A: These two photos show people making food. They have a rules about paragraphs and punctuation.
lot of things in common. For example, it looks like the people 2 Read different types of books or articles; make a note of
making the food are good cooks, and are confident in what useful vocabulary; plan carefully before you write; get into the
they are doing. But there are lots of differences. The first habit of checking for mistakes after you have finished.
photo shows two people, who might be related, making food 2 Possible answer
at home. It doesn’t look like they are making food for a lot The third one is most like me. Maybe it’s not the best way,
of people. In contrast, the second photo shows someone because I know I ought to plan things before I start writing. But
making food outdoors, possibly at some kind of festival. He’s I like my method too, because I usually go back later, check my
preparing an enormous amount of food, which people are work, and maybe write a new version.
buying, and will probably eat while walking around. 3 Possible answers
B: I enjoy making food at home for other people. I like having First comment
friends around, and preparing meals for them. Positive: reading the task twice; underlining the important words.
5 Possible answers Possible improvements: make notes before starting to write,
A: OK, so let’s think about speaking on local radio first. Why do brainstorm ideas and plan what vocabulary to use.
you think someone would be interested in this?
Second comment
B: I’m not sure they would be. It might be interesting for
Positive: making notes and adding ideas; using notes to guide
students to interview a guest, but it probably wouldn’t be
the writing.
interesting for the visitor. How about visiting important
buildings? Possible improvement: plan what vocabulary to use.
A: Yes, I think that would be a good idea. Especially if you live in Third comment
an area with famous architecture. I think most people would Possible improvement: take more time to think about the task;
find that interesting. And they could eat out, too. underline key words; brainstorm ideas; plan what vocabulary
B: Most people enjoy trying new, local food, don’t they? OK, so to use.
let’s talk about joining a sports club, too. 4 Article:
A: I guess, if you’re really into sports, this could be interesting. Purpose: describe, give opinion
But it’s not really something you’d want to do when you visit Reader: young people, teens
a place, is it?
Style: interesting, lively, engaging
B: I agree. But watching a band would be a good idea.
A: Sure. It’s a nice way to spend an evening out, and do Email:
something more fun and sociable. Purpose: give opinion, advise or persuade
7 Possible answers Reader: friend
A: Right, so which two activities would be most interesting? I Style: friendly, sensitive to any problems
think we’ve talked about visiting important buildings, eating Review:
locally and watching a band. Which two would you choose? Purpose: describe (people and music), make recommendations
B: I think eating locally and watching a band would be the most Reader: young people, teens
fun, wouldn’t they? Style: informative, interesting, engaging
A: You’re right. But maybe when you visit a new place you want
to experience something that can only be experienced in that
place. Maybe experiencing the band could be done just by
listening to some music online.
B: Yes, so eating, and walking around interesting buildings can
only be done when you’re really there.
A: Great, so let’s choose those two things, then.

lOMoARcPSD|11156118
5 1 Article 2 Hi Callum,
How important is eating with family and friends? Thanks for your email and I’m sorry that you’re feeling
Do people take enough time to eat together? What sort of nervous. It’s good, though, that you’ve been invited on a trip!
meals do you share with family and friends? Is it important to That means that the climbing group want you to be with
you? Why/Why not? them!
2 Email If I were you, I wouldn’t worry about not being as good as
Hi everybody else. After all, everyone has to start somewhere, and
I’ve just joined a climbing group and I’ve been invited on a I’m sure not everyone in the climbing group is as good as you
weekend trip. It sounds fun but I’m very nervous because I’m think they are.
not as good as everybody else. Do you think it’s a good idea? Also, you said that you wanted to wait until you get some
Maybe I should wait until I get some more practice. more practice. Don’t you think that actually going on the
I don’t know what to do. Can you help? trip would be a good way to practise? What’s more, you can
3 Review practise with lots of friends around you, who can show you
We’re looking for reviews of new bands for teenagers. In your what to do, and how to improve.
review you should describe the members of the band, the It sounds like you are mostly worried about being embarrassed
kind of music the band plays and where they play. Would you in front of your new friends. I’m sure they wouldn’t have
recommend the band to people your age? invited you if they were the type of people who would laugh at
6 Article: food, family you. So, my advice is to go, and have fun!
Email: sport, travel, new experiences Speak to you soon,
Review: music, bands Alison
3 One of the best new bands that I’ve seen recently are called
8 Possible answers
the Green Dragons. They are a local band, and it’s possible
Email that they will become famous soon. So if you want to see a
What type of trip is it? good new band before everyone else does, now’s your chance!
Who’s going? The Green Dragons are a traditional rock band, and all the
Why is Callum worried about it? members are women. They write amazing lyrics about how it
What advice could be given? is to grow up, and find your identity, and what it means to be a
Review young woman in today’s world. If this sounds very serious, it’s
What’s the name of the band? not. The band write brilliantly happy songs that never fail to
make you feel good.
Who are the people in it?
They usually play small gigs, but they have also started playing
What type of music do they play?
in festivals. This is the best way to hear them – in open spaces,
Where do they perform?
with lots of happy people outdoors.
What’s good about them?
I’d definitely recommend this band to anyone who likes rock
Why should other teenagers go to see them? music, but wants to experience something a bit different. Also,
9 Possible answers if you’re feeling in a bad mood, or just want cheering up, this is
1 Eating is one of the greatest pleasures in life, especially with a great band to check out.
other people. Meal times allow us to not only to share food,
but to share experiences and important news.
Often, however, people eat alone. Busy lives or just different
lifestyles mean that we find ourselves eating in front of a
computer or TV, or having a quick snack in the street.
It’s not always easy to have meals with other people, but I
think it’s important to get together and do this at least once
a week, and not only for special occasions. I try to have my
evening meals with my family. I think this is important, as it
gives us a chance to be together and find out how everyone is
feeling, and what they have been doing. It’s also possible that
eating with others is healthier. We tend to spend more time
preparing the food, and choosing healthy ingredients.
In all, eating with family and friends is a great social activity. It
might even make us fitter and happier than if we just eat alone
all the time.


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Gold Experience B2 2nd edition answers

Sistemas de Salud y Servicios Sociales Públicos (Universitat Politecnica de Valencia)

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STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 2ND EDITION B2

UNIT 1 WAKE UP YOUR SENSES!

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5 Possible answers 3 Possible answers

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1 1 hasn’t finished 2 have been 3 Does it look 4 cancel

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UNIT 2 ON THE BUCKET LIST

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5 B The places that inspire me are largely undiscovered parts of

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1 Possible answers 1 Possible answer

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UNIT 3 ALL IN A DAY’S WORK

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1 1 ‘ll (will) explain

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UNIT 4 THE HEART OF THE CITY

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5 1 (them) unless they arrive soon

1 1 wouldn’t have gone

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UNIT 5 A GOOD SPORT

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5 1 time we left/time to leave

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