MATTER

- n .

Physical chemical
Glassine classification

F'Tm
*÷÷Ei'÷
- -
o

high Pat
&

loot
E high T

-| Yl¥TATEOFMATTE#
b-
PLASMA STATE

{ me;÷I- }
Ionized gas containing
Inane
gas
ey , lightning
stars
SOLID LIOUID Temp point
.
=
Melting
6100113 TI GAS ( VAPOUR ) Tent Boiling
or =
.

solid GAS C '

s
) temf-supboyuqat.am
 Chem.C1assifkat# ( MATTER)

-
°
T O

PIBstANES Mixture
be separated be
# can 't # can
separated
by physical methods
by physical methods

TO 0

ftp.YENT/C0MP0UNDTf
0 contain more Than
contain only one

type of atom one type of atoms

O
/\ s

0¥
I
inorganic
0
confounds A
compounds Ac Chiefs, effing
'

Y
-

# PHASE : - State of matter which has

Tm feMPN) &
( DCNsiT
way
⇐ faucet )
solugtim
f.no#/
tho =

Nat g- H2O
single phase
-

a
-
Eat
⇐ aasmixture →
Single phase .

CI Diamond & Graphite → Two

phases
[ spec] ( sp ]
-

's
c

high density density

④ Powdered mix -

of Feo I 17203 → 2
phases
( Fett) ( Fetz
IMIX-URC.SI
-0 0

/±*÷÷÷÷±%
Homogeneous MIX .
Heterogeneous
-
Mix .

1-

mo.etiuanaephasetx.si:
single-phase Fusing
"

'

: on

→ H2o (g)

{3 phases }
=

#I thomas)
-

-0 IEA cheered combination :

→
lawcfconseruaticnof.mu# :

4h chemical reaction :

@assofpood_uctDfIHUcqytNa0Hcqy-2Naclcqjt h0fe136.s
Ecesis of reactant) - I

-
40 585 18
gm gm gm gm

{ MR = 36.5-140 =
Emp = 58.5+18
-
 lawtfdefinikproportions-r.cn
→

compound
a same elements
always
combine in a
fixed proportion by mass .

④ H2O
→ 16g O

18g few
→ 2-
GIM
Mo :
mm
= 16 : 2 = 8 :/ ( constant)

#
.
-9N
no.gs#o-- F
H2O : no .

of atoms
of H

④ Mass of copper oxide obtained

by heating
a-
16g
metallic
copper with nitric acid & subsequent
ignition was
2-7 gm .
9in another expt . 1.15
gm Copper oxide
-

Show that
on reduction produced O -

92 gm of copper .

resultsjustifylawofdef-n.to/nstxpt.I
these

# : copper = 216
gm Copper oxide = 2.7 gm

mass
of 0 = 2.7 -
2-16 =
0.54 gm

mass ratio :
Mcu/mo
=

2oq = -

①
# copper =
O -
92
gm Copper oxide =
" 15
gin
0 1-15
man
of =
0.92 0.23
=

gm
-

I÷=o÷3 , =⑤ -

②
.

.
.

① e ② are
equal .

I
.
Law
of definite proper .

justified
 lawofmultipupoopostions-n.at
→
' ?
' '
combines with two elements B
element A
' '
to different then
& c form '
two
'
'
compounds
'
manses
of B e C which combine with fixed man

of A'
'

with
are in
simple ratio each other .

④ Oxides of Nitroglnmassofnstrugen mantfoxygen

① NLO 16
28g g

② NO
14g 16g
③ Nz 03 28g 48
g

⑨ Nay 28g 64g

⑤ Whose 28g 80
gm
#

with 28
g of Nitrogen man
of oxygen combined
is in ratio =

16g :
32g
:
48g 04g 80g
: :

=
→
#
I :3 4=5 simple
: 2 :

ratio
=

⑤ Two oxides
of lead were reduced to metallic lead
by
heating with hz in two experiments :

⑦ Man
of yellow oxide used =
3.45pm
mo ← loss
of mass due to reduction = 0.24 gm .

④ Mass
of Brown oxide used =
1.195 gm
due to reduction = 0.156
gm
loss
of man .

Show that this data

justifies law
of multiple proportions
oxI.ES#=L3j2)g-nass
Pb
In yellow =
of
- -
with Igm O
To out orzy

? o- of Pb
' man
M 6
BIN oxide :
mPb/mo = =

with Igm 0
Man of Pb
reacting with fgm O
) is in ratio = 1216.24 =

ratio
Snafu
--
I
→ MOLE CONCEPT :
-_ #

# i more =

{Ygjfotpe
C- atoms in '
Lgn of c- 12
}
=
NA = 6.023 X 1023
Number
(
Avogadro
's
,
atom I mde of atoms
# I =

grain
-

molecules
I
grain
-
molecule = I note
of
1 grain
-
ion =
I rude of lens

Resat Atenas ( R A M)
:#
→ . -

Iy
Yz (

Dimensionless
/RrArM=MassA1atanm#
of C- 12 atom) mass

If ( )
I AMN =
fz mass
of C- 12 atom

= I t Mess unit

*
/RHM=MassA,lagtn7Aekma#
-

EI R Arm
.

of O =
④ @ AM)

t ←
←
P
lughole
t
f

( ) )
luck
of
of
(
mass one man

Eaton o - atom

# { I AMU =
¥ ( mass
of C- 12 atom )

iz Cia's) ¥ }
-
-
an
,

°h③
 ftp.imgur
-

# Aram Atomic Mass ( G. Arm ) = Main

of Inde

of atoms of
element .

④ ( Sulphur) S ( RAM 2)
-

o/\o
{Lff gm= 32 AMU
} {328/6}
to to
atoms
mS-atf-
# Relative Mdeculax Mass CRM - M )
= Mass
-
of l molecule dfeleueitiompomd
l AMV ( or
# Cma 9- Fan)
's

all
= Sum
of RAM of atoms in

a molecule

# Arain
- -
Molecular Mass ( arm M) -

Iman of 1 wide molecules

=
' I 11
NA molecules

④ Hzsoy ( RAM : 17=1

,
5=32
,
0=18 ]
RMM of Hzsoy =
2×1 f- 321-16×4
=

⑨
f → Camm )
98 AMU 98
glmde
= Mass
of one
= Man
of Inde
pyzgoy molecule
fyzfoy molecules
(9*1)
=
gm ' '
= Man
4- NA
= 98×1-6715024 gun thfoy
molecules
-
-
 Immaterial
µousAmdewks=Maa;g!Ie=noA¥Y£#
-

→ LID # equation :

fPV=n/ n - moles

'

R=a¥tT =

Absolute ,§np .

I latmzl.co/3Bar.=lro13XI0JPaCN/m2
tf
760 760
Hg Torr
= = mm

,=76anHg#

|=1O3mL=1o3cm3fr#
153 m3 I def
# IL =
=

#
1-144=-141-12737
→
*ag

fr.osIIImoiv#
can ' '

(aeD -

YII÷oIzzarin
casein P → Bao
i

CII ( Srl . units ) p→p¥K

/R=8-3MJmot
1-
 ISLIP 2 Pressure condition
# = Standard Temp .

/P=1Barg-=0C=273rI5 I
#

# INTI ,
Normal
Temp .
& Pressure Condemn

/p=1atm,-=o°c=273K#
-

→
µ0T
① At NTP
/RT=22ML-matm_#
1-
€0821 X 273
)
② At S Trp
/RT=227L##
-

1-

③ At 1 atm
-
E -
300k ( or (07083×273)-7
RT
(
27°C

=
)
take RT -_

0.0821×3=-24-63
24-63

⑨ At S -
Trp for ideal gas
/Vm=22#n#/
#
Um = Molar volume =
%
proof
→
PV - NRT

Vm =
In =

Rt =
0.08311×2732=22.7
⑤ At NTP for ideal
gas JVmt-22.tl/n#
Proof
vm=nI 2
→

Rpt
= =

⑥ At 1 atm e 3W K

-
fvmr-24.io#4nMI
 INofmdesAmdecuks=a?,g=No7jf#
#

= =

Find atoms
no .

of wider
of molecules & in

④ 196 gm of Mady (H -
I
, 5--32,0=10)
rude of molecule j
L
of molecules 2nA
= no .
-_

11 11 atoms =
14 5
'
i n atoms = 14 NA

⑤ "9
kg of Hzpoy ( P -
3D
molecule 50
more
of =

11 11 at ours =
400

④ HAM
of 42Wh 98 =

of molecules =
toggle
mole = 2

I molecule 217 IS 40 atoms

hzsoy → , ,
→ 7 atoms

⑧ me 4900
gm
98 g and
Hzpoy
=
UMM
of

499,1
end
of molecules = = 50

no
of 6.023×1023
JONA 50 X
.
11 =
=

④ Find no
of .

protons ,
neutrons & electrons in

32
gm Cny 4 ) ( )

-
N

e
*
12 12 NA

I maacn
l molecule 10 6 10
Clay has
=P , =
N
, -
e

lie)
Cfc ,
 ⑤ Calculate I
arrange
in
decreasing
order of
volume at STP for following gas samples :

4)
(2)
88g
1.6g
wzcg )
02cg )
yt
{- 2731
(3) 1.2046×1020 molecules of Nz Cg)
(4) 6.023×1024 atoms
of the
(g)
-

S⑤ C) may
=
=
2
Vaz = 2×22.7

=
45.4 L

(2) 1%2
0,05×22-7
0.05
Moz = =
Voz
-
135 L

I -2046×1020 XTOY
③ N
Nz
= = 2 my
¥5023
Vnz =
2×704×227 L

(4) n
me
= 6.023×1024 = to end
¥523
=22#
④ Find no .

3
of protons ,
neutrons & electrons in

N' ( Nitride )
(a) 42g ion

"" " " dem '

→ 7N
I. 21
NA LI
NA 22nA
S④ Ca )
N→
I has
f lo 7h
]
-

ion
p g
e
g

4,2yd
and of N' car = =3 not

@m4igpbomae.Y4.n;D
(b) I NJO has
[ 21
p ,
22 e-
g
21 n
)
md
of Nj =

Uffe = Imd
⑤ Arrange in
decreasing order
of no .

of atoms :

CI ) L -

24L Oz at NTP

CI) 2.275103mL coz at STP

CI) 9.8g H3P0y ( P -

-

3D
(E) 2.12
gm Narcos ( Na -

- 23
,
CI 2,0=167 .

[Ans -
: III > I > I > I
]
S④ Moz
=

zj?Y = or ' md

Md -

of atoms =
0.2inch
CI) nw< = 2.27×-106 L
=
187 and

Ma .

of atoms =
3xmd
CI ) nhzpoy = 9-
Egg = Orl

Md .

of atoms =
0.8inch
CI) n
Nazcoz
=

2%2 = 0.02
Md .
of atoms =
0.12Mt
④ Hzsoy
y
TF 32g Sg 64 go
98 has 2g H
l more =
gm Hz soy g

←
2nd H
b 4 and O
l nd s
b b b
2g 32g 69g

Intend
Fg ytq
:
Mtl = constant = =

MHz y

321
M÷ constant I
= = =

1
2g

6%-4=37
MO
=

Boy
⑤ Find man
of 172804 which contains 6. y
gm

Aur :

Grieg
#
Ms =
=

Boy mtzsoy
19 6
mnzgoy gm
= -

⑤ Find man
of oxygen
in 4.24 gm of Naz coz
[ Molar man of Naz cog glued]

Am=Mt① I more Nazag = 106

gm Ig Y%g I
"

→ 48g O

MO

Toft y?÷
=
lrazgm
=
mo -

w
,
④ Find vd .

of 02cg) at STP
if it contains

as
many
O atoms as in 196
gm Hzsoy ?
-

/Am=-#
-
o

s④ and of nary =
tfgd = 2nd

÷¥÷÷÷:
-

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-

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