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    5G Link Budget: Best Partner For Innovation

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    This document discusses 5G link budget factors. It notes key differences between 5G and 4G link budgets, such as 5G introducing potential impacts from body block loss, foliage loss, and rain/snow attenuation, especially for mmWave frequencies. It also explains the basic concepts of a link budget, which involves certain fixed factors like transmit power and antenna gains, as well as uncertain factors like interference margins. The document provides an overview of 5G link budget tools and their current limitations.

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    5G Link Budget: Best Partner For Innovation

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    This document discusses 5G link budget factors. It notes key differences between 5G and 4G link budgets, such as 5G introducing potential impacts from body block loss, foliage loss, and rain/snow attenuation, especially for mmWave frequencies. It also explains the basic concepts of a link budget, which involves certain fixed factors like transmit power and antenna gains, as well as uncertain factors like interference margins. The document provides an overview of 5G link budget tools and their current limitations.

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    This document discusses 5G link budget factors. It notes key differences between 5G and 4G link budgets, such as 5G introducing potential impacts from body block loss, foliage loss, and rain/snow attenuation, especially for mmWave frequencies. It also explains the basic concepts of a link budget, which involves certain fixed factors like transmit power and antenna gains, as well as uncertain factors like interference margins. The document provides an overview of 5G link budget tools and their current limitations.

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    Download as pdf or txt
    177 views6 pages

    5G Link Budget: Best Partner For Innovation

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    This document discusses 5G link budget factors. It notes key differences between 5G and 4G link budgets, such as 5G introducing potential impacts from body block loss, foliage loss, and rain/snow attenuation, especially for mmWave frequencies. It also explains the basic concepts of a link budget, which involves certain fixed factors like transmit power and antenna gains, as well as uncertain factors like interference margins. The document provides an overview of 5G link budget tools and their current limitations.

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    5G Link Budget

    Best Partner for Innovation

    HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. www.huawei.com


    A BETTER CONNECTED WORLD
    Contents
    Link Budget Overview

    Link Budget Factors

    Link Budget Tool Updates

    HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 1


    Link Budget Overview
    Analyze customer requirements

    Coverage Quality Spectrum Propagation  The RND 5G module is under development.


    ……
    requirements requirement information model

    Determine input  The 5G R&D network estimation prototype


    parameters.
    User supports only link budget and does not support
    Service
    Create link budget number
    models
    planning capacity estimation.
    Maximum allowed path loss
     The following table lists the supported
    Obtain the cell radius Estimate capacity
    functions:
    Maximum cell radius

    Calculate the coverage area of Estimate capacity Estimate network


    No. Function
    a single base station of a single cell capacity

    Maximum coverage area 1 Cell radius estimation based on the cell edge rate
    of a single base station

    Estimate site number based Estimate site number based on 2 Throughput estimation based on the coverage area
    on coverage requirements capacity requirements

    Coverage estimation of each common channel or


    Maximum number of BTSs 3
    control channel
    Estimate site scale

    HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 2


    Key Differences Between 5G and 3G/4G Link Budgets
    Link Factor LTE Link Budget 5G Link Budget
    RRUs are used with external antennas, AAUs are used without external antennas, which do not lead to cable loss.
    Cable loss
    which lead to cable loss. RRUs are used with external antennas, which lead to cable loss.
    An MM antenna array is associated with multiple TRXs. One TRX corresponds to multiple
    physical antennas.
    Total antenna gain = Gain of a single TRX antenna + Beamforming (BF) gain
    A physical antenna is associated with a
    Where,
    single TRX. The antenna gain of a
    Base station antenna gain • The antenna gain in the link budget is only the antenna gain of a single TRX.
    single TRX is the gain of the physical
    • The BF gain is specified by the demodulation threshold.
    antenna.
    • For details about antenna gains, see the product specifications by vising
    http://3ms.huawei.com/mm/docMaintain/mmMaintain.do?method=showMMDetail&f_id=5G18
    0321451649993
    Propagation model Cost231-Hata 36.873 UMa/RMa 38.901Umi
    Penetration loss Relatively small A higher frequency band indicates higher penetration loss.
    The MM beam inherently has interference suppression effect. Therefore, it is subject to low
    Interference margin Relatively large
    interference.
    It needs to be considered when UEs are located at a low altitude and the traffic volume is
    Body block loss N/A
    large, especially if mmWave is used.
    If mmWave is used, rain attenuation needs to be considered in areas with intense and
    Rain attenuation N/A
    frequent rainfalls.
    Foliage attenuation needs to be considered in areas with dense vegetation and in LOS
    Foliage attenuation N/A
    scenarios.

    HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3


    Contents
    Link Budget Overview

    Link Budget Factors

    Link Budget Tool Updates

    HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4


    5G Link Budget Factors
    gNodeB
    transmit power
    gNodeB
    Antenna gain Link budget factors: 5G and 4G have no difference in
    Cable loss Path loss Margin
    antenna gain basic concepts. However, 5G introduces the impact of
    Loss
    body block loss, foliage loss, and rain/snow attenuation
    Penetration loss (especially for mmWave).
    Foliage loss Path loss (dB) = gNodeB transmit power (dBm) – 10 x log10 (subcarrier
    Body block loss quantity) + gNodeB antenna gain (dBi) – gNodeB cable loss (dB) –
    penetration loss (dB) – foliage loss (dB) – body block loss (dB) –
    Slow fading margin interference margin (dB) – rain/ice margin (dB) – slow fading margin (dB)
    – body block loss (dB) + UE antenna gain (dB) – Thermal noise power
    Interference
    margin (dBm) – UE noise figure (dB) – demodulation threshold SINR (dB)

    Rain/Ice
    margin
    UE reception sensitivity
    Body loss UE antenna gain
    Link budget involves 2 types of factors:
    ▪ Certain factors: Once the product form and scenario are
    determined, the corresponding parameters are
    accordingly determined (power, antenna gain, noise
    figure, demodulation threshold, penetration loss, and Interference Margin Rain/Snow/Ice Slow Fading Margin
    body loss). Margin reserved to overcome Margin The signal strength varies slowly with the
    ▪ Uncertain factors: The impact of some uncertain factors the increase of noise floor Margin reserved to overcome distance (complies with the normal
    needs to be considered (such as slow fading margin, caused by neighboring cells the high probability of signal logarithmic distribution), and is related to the
    rain/snow margin, and interference margin). These and other external attenuation caused by rain, barrier of propagation, seasonal, and
    factors do not occur anytime or anywhere, and are interference. The value of this snow, and ice. weather change. The slow fading margin
    considered as link margins. parameter is equal to the refers to the margin reserved to ensure a
    noise floor increase. certain level coverage probability in long-
    term measurement.

    HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 5

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