Jose Rizal'S Retraction He Did OR He Did Not'' From The Accounts of Priests and Spanish News Papers, He

B.4.
CONTENT/DISCUSSIONS
JOSE RIZAL’S RETRACTION;
‘‘He did OR he did not’’ From the accounts of priests and Spanish news papers,he
retracted, but for those who opposed,there was a secret letter hidden in Rizal’s shoes
denying the retraction and a claim that friars published a fake copy of retraction.
Arguments Favoring the retraction;
A.La Vos Espanola de Manila published by Va ṅo in his four text in the book entitled
‘Light in Rizal’s Death Cell’’ right after the very day of his execution RIZAL retracted..
B.Father Balaguer he said Rizalretracted.
C.Father Manuel Garcia said he discovered the ‘’original’’ text of the retraction.
D.According to De Vianna ,in 1961 the Jose Rizal National Centinneal Commission
published Josephine’s letter describing that Rizal married her before his execution at 5
o’clock in the morning,she was 20 yrs old and affix her signature bearing the name
Josephine Bracken de Rizal,a widow.
CHRONOLOGICAL Events IN or AROUND RIZAL’S DEATH CELL;
DECEMBER 30,1896 12;-4;00AM Rizal sleeps peacefully because his confidence in

the goodness of God and the justness of His cause gives him serenity and calmness.
04;00-05;00am Rizal picks up Imitation of Christ, reads, meditates and then writes in
Kemphis’ bokk a dedication to his wife Josephine and by this very act in itself he gives
to her their only certificate of marriage.
05;00-6;15 Rizal washes up ,takes breakfast attends to his personal needs, writes a
letter to his parents.Reads Bible and meditates, Josephine was prohibited bt the
Spanish officials from seeing him, according to her testimony to R.Wildman in 1899.
06;15-07;07 a.m.Rizal walks to the place of execution between Fr. March and Fr.
Villafranca with whom he converses,keeps looking around as if seeking or expecting to
see someone.His last word, said in a loud voice;’’It is finished’’.....
07;-07;03 a.m. Sounds of gun.Rizal lied on the ground facing the sun.Silence.Shouts
of Vivas for Spain.
F.Rev.Fr. Antonio Rossel believed that there was a retraction based on what he heard
from Father Balaguer and Villarica where they mentioned the marriage of Rizal to
Josephine thats they believed he retracted.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE RETRACTION;
A. .Baron Fernandez said he has documents stating that Rizal did not
retract because Rizal told Narcisa his sister to look under his shoes
because he has a secret lette there and Fernandez claimed that the
letter contained the denial of his retraction because Rizal knew that the
Spaniards were misleading the Filipinos.
B. Manoling Morato’s ‘’EXPOSE’’ bought the documents from Baron

Fernandez and made an expose that the friars forged the retraction
letterand published it in CLERICO-FASCISTa newspaper that time.
JOSEPHINE BRACKEN FAILED TO PRODUCE MARRIAGE CONTRACT;
After Rizals death Josephine Bracken sued the family of Rizal in order to
produce the so called ‘’Jose’s Last Will and Testament’’ and she even wrote Ferdind
Blumentritt asking help to claim some properties entitled to her being the widow of
Rizal, when she was asked to produce their marriage certificate issued by the church
authorities or even a certification from the British Consul in Manila,she was not able to
produce the document so she failed to claim the properties of Rizal.(If there is no
marriage, then there could be no retraction that took place before the execution, as
retraction is a condition before the friars will solemnize their wedding.)
FIRST MAN TO CIRCUMNAVIGATE THE GLOBE
I. Arguments Favoring Ferdinand Magellan

 Elementary grade pupil would like to argue that is is Ferdinand Magellan
who first circled the globe for obvious reason that “ how can he circle the
globe when he was killed on April 27, 1521 in the historic Battle of
Mactan?” his journey ended on the island of Cebu ( halfway through the
globe ) and failed to return in Spain. However, for historians who favor
Magellan like Richie Quirino ( son of Carlos Quirino ) argue that he
( Magellan ) has reached Moluccas and Philippines on 1511 and sneaked
away from the Portuguese fleet to reach the Philippines. His return to the
Philippines in 1521 as the head of his ox expedition complete his 360-
degree journey around the globe ( simply by putting together his voyages
and charting these on the map ) making him the “ first man to circle the
globe”
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II. Arguments Favoring Sebastian Elcano ( Decano )
 The popular and rational choice as the first man to circle the globe was
Sebastian Elcano, who commanded the expedition after Magellan’s
death and brought back “ Victoria “ the smallest ship back to Spain. With
only 18 men left of the 260 able- bodied navigators on almost three yeas
journey, as the captain of the vessel, He ( Elcano ) was recognized by
King Charles I as the “ first man to circle the globe “. As a reward, he was
given an annual pension and coat of arms with a globe, with the
inscription “Primus circumdidisti me “ in English term “ to the first man to
circumnavigate me “.
Rizal wrote a poem ‘’ El Cano was a Spaniard, the first to circumnavigate the
Earth’’He wrote this poem in 1875 when he was a student at the Ateneo Municipal at
that time.
III. Arguments Favoring Enrique of Malacca ( Black Henry )

 Another person included in the list is Magellan’s interpreter ( others
ragard him as Magellan’s personal slave ) named Enrique of Malacca
( Sumatra ) also known as “ Black Henry” on account of his skin. Why
some historian rcognized Enrique as the first to circle tha globe? It is
believed that Magellan capture Enrique ( others say he was bought ) on
its 1511 expedition to the East Indies and he later acted as worlwide
interpreter on Magellan’s around the world voyage. He spoke Malay an
Malay was the common language for trading throughout the Southeast
Asia that time. He ( Enrique ) has been with Magellan from Asia to
Europe before joining in the voyage across Atlantic an Pacific, so by the
time the expedition reached Southeast Asia, he was few miles away of
nearly circling the globe. Enrique was believed to have returned to
Malacca after the Battle of Mactan, after allegedly collaborating with Raja
Humabon who killed some members of the crew of the three ships to
earn his freedom and free access to his homeland. If it is true that he was
succesfully returned to his homeland, then Enrique should be credited as
the “ first man circle the globe “
LAST FILIPINO GENERAL TO SURRENDER TO THE AMERICANS
IV. Argumets Favoring Miguel Malvar

A. TEODORO AGONCILLO ACCOUNT
 Philippines’s prominent historian Teodoro Agoncillo recognizes Miguel
Malvar as the last Filipino general to surrender to the Americans. In his
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book “ introduction to Filipino History “ he states:
“ on April 16, 1902, General Malvar Surrendered in order to save his

people from brutality of the enemy and from hunger. With the surrender
of General Malvar, systematic opposition to American sovereignty
ceased. It is true thet here and there, as in the case of Macario Sakay,
patriots refused to surrender, but their effect on the Americans was
negligibly”.
B. JOSE MALVAR ACCOUNT ( MALVAR’S GRANDSON )

 Jose Malvar, grandson of Miguel Malvar, in his article to the Philippine
Daily Inquirer dated November 12, 2016, did not contest the claim that it
was either Simeon Ola or Macario Sakay and not his grandfather Miguel
Malvar ast the last Filipino general to surrender to the Americans but
rather he claimed that “ there was no surrender that took place but rather
a peace agreement with the Americans.
V. Arguments Favoring Simeon Ola

A. PIO ARSENIO LABANAN,LOCAL HISTORIAN ON GUINOBATAN, ALBAY
 In the article entitled Ola, Not Malvar, Was the Last General to Surrender,
Say Sons, dated September 22, 2016, Pio Arsenio Labanan was a local
historian and the Chair of Guinobatan Cultural Heritage and Arts claimed
that:
“ one of the country’s top historians, Teodoro Agoncillo, considers Malvar

the last general of the First Philippine Republic to give up to the
Americans on April 13, 1902. “Agoncillo is from Batangas, so naturally,his
drumbeating for Malvar was excellent until such time that it was found
out that Malvar surrenedered earlier by two years,” Labanan said
referring to the claims of his professor in college. Ola surrendered on
September 25, 1903, a year and five months after Malvar to then
Governor Bette and Colonel Banholtz with 28 of his men and officers, on
the condition that they be granted amnesty”
 some consider Semion Ola as a bandit leader and not a military general.
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VI. Arguments Favoring Macario Sakay.
A. THE LOS ANGELES HERALD
 The Los Angeles Herald issue of June 16,1902 entitled “ Filipino Battles
to Cease: Macario Sakay Gives Up the Unequal Struggle” states:
“ Manila, June 16-“ Macario Sakay, a self prclaimed president, and Francisco Carton,
vice president of the Filipino republic, surrendered at the constabulary heardquarters in
Manila today. The military and civil authorities are much elated as Sakay was chief of
Ladronises in Luzon and his surrendered means an end of the campaigns. The
surrender of this Ladrone chieftain was accomplished through the influence of
Villafuerte, a former official of Skay’s government”
Macario Sakay’s Picture at Malacanang Place
 Biography of Sacay written as; ‘’Macario Sacay was born in Tondo, Manila and
worked as a calesa manufacturing shop apprentice, became a tailor and
engaged in acting. He was one of the handful original members of the
Katipunan who joined the organization even before the revolution began. He
fought alongside Bonifacio, and continued struggle toward the Philippine –
American War. Sakay was accused and found guilty of sedition, but was
released after the war; he then founded the Nacionalista Party. On April 1904,
he proclaimed himself President of his self established goverment, The
Republika ng Katagalugan. On September 13, 1907, Sakay was hanges for
banditry.
 At the Presidential Museum and Library of the Malacanang Palace, a picture of

Sakay with the title “General Macario Sakay” is displayed.
If at the Office of the President, he was recognized as “ General” and not a “
bandit” and it is clear that he surrendered on June 16, 1902. Does he deserve to
be recognized now as the “ last Filipino general to surrender to the Americans?”.
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B.4.

JOSE RIZAL’S RETRACTION;

Arguments Favoring the retraction;

B.Father Balaguer he said Rizalretracted.

CHRONOLOGICAL Events IN or AROUND RIZAL’S DEATH CELL;

DECEMBER 30,1896 12;-4;00AM Rizal sleeps peacefully because his confidence in

ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE RETRACTION;

B. Manoling Morato’s ‘’EXPOSE’’ bought the documents from Baron

JOSEPHINE BRACKEN FAILED TO PRODUCE MARRIAGE CONTRACT;

FIRST MAN TO CIRCUMNAVIGATE THE GLOBE

I. Arguments Favoring Ferdinand Magellan

III. Arguments Favoring Enrique of Malacca ( Black Henry )

LAST FILIPINO GENERAL TO SURRENDER TO THE AMERICANS

IV. Argumets Favoring Miguel Malvar

“ on April 16, 1902, General Malvar Surrendered in order to save his

B. JOSE MALVAR ACCOUNT ( MALVAR’S GRANDSON )

V. Arguments Favoring Simeon Ola

“ one of the country’s top historians, Teodoro Agoncillo, considers Malvar

Macario Sakay’s Picture at Malacanang Place

 At the Presidential Museum and Library of the Malacanang Palace, a picture of

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